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Ghahramani Almanghadim H, Karimi B, Valizadeh S, Ghaedi K. Biological functions and affected signaling pathways by Long Non-Coding RNAs in the immune system. Noncoding RNA Res 2025; 10:70-90. [PMID: 39315339 PMCID: PMC11417496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the various regulative functions of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been well determined. Recently, the vital role of LncRNAs as gene regulators has been identified in the immune system, especially in the inflammatory response. All cells of the immune system are governed by a complex and ever-changing gene expression program that is regulated through both transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. LncRNAs regulate gene expression within the cell nucleus by influencing transcription or through post-transcriptional processes that affect the splicing, stability, or translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Recent studies in immunology have revealed substantial alterations in the expression of lncRNAs during the activation of the innate immune system as well as the development, differentiation, and activation of T cells. These lncRNAs regulate key aspects of immune function, including the manufacturing of inflammatory molecules, cellular distinction, and cell movement. They do this by modulating protein-protein interactions or through base pairing with RNA and DNA. Here we review the current understanding of the mechanism of action of lncRNAs as novel immune-related regulators and their impact on physiological and pathological processes related to the immune system, including autoimmune diseases. We also highlight the emerging pattern of gene expression control in important research areas at the intersection between immunology and lncRNA biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahareh Karimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepehr Valizadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Kim TJ, Kim YG, Jung W, Jang S, Ko HG, Park CH, Byun JS, Kim DY. Non-Coding RNAs as Potential Targets for Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Narrative Review. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1646. [PMID: 38002328 PMCID: PMC10669845 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by the infiltration of T cells into the oral mucosa, causing the apoptosis of basal keratinocytes. OLP is a multifactorial disease of unknown etiology and is not solely caused by the malfunction of a single key gene but rather by various intracellular and extracellular factors. Non-coding RNAs play a critical role in immunological homeostasis and inflammatory response and are found in all cell types and bodily fluids, and their expression is closely regulated to preserve normal physiologies. The dysregulation of non-coding RNAs may be highly implicated in the onset and progression of diverse inflammatory disorders, including OLP. This narrative review summarizes the role of non-coding RNAs in molecular and cellular changes in the oral epithelium during OLP pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Jun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Gyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungil Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Gon Ko
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Park
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Byun
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
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Kashyap MP, Mishra B, Sinha R, Jin L, Kumar N, Goliwas KF, Deshane J, Elewski BE, Elmets CA, Athar M, Shahid Mukhtar M, Raman C. NK and NKT cells in the pathogenesis of Hidradenitis suppurativa: Novel therapeutic strategy through targeting of CD2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.31.565057. [PMID: 37961206 PMCID: PMC10634971 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.31.565057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic debilitating inflammatory skin disease with poorly understood pathogenesis. Single-cell RNAseq analysis of HS lesional and healthy individual skins revealed that NKT and NK cell populations were greatly expanded in HS, and they expressed elevated CD2, an activation receptor. Immunohistochemistry analyses confirmed significantly expanded numbers of CD2+ cells distributed throughout HS lesional tissue, and many co-expressed the NK marker, CD56. While CD4+ T cells were expanded in HS, CD8 T cells were rare. CD20+ B cells in HS were localized within tertiary follicle like structures. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that NK cells (CD2 + CD56 dim ) expressing perforin, granzymes A and B were enriched within the hyperplastic follicular epidermis and tunnels of HS and juxtaposed with apoptotic cells. In contrast, NKT cells (CD2 + CD3 + CD56 bright ) primarily expressed granzyme A and were associated with α-SMA expressing fibroblasts within the fibrotic regions of the hypodermis. Keratinocytes and fibroblasts expressed high levels of CD58 (CD2 ligand) and they interacted with CD2 expressing NKT and NK cells. The NKT/NK maturation and activating cytokines, IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18, were significantly elevated in HS. Inhibition of cognate CD2-CD58 interaction with blocking anti-CD2 mAb in HS skin organotypic cultures resulted in a profound reduction of the inflammatory gene signature and secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the culture supernate. In summary, we show that a cellular network of heterogenous NKT and NK cell populations drives inflammation, tunnel formation and fibrosis in the pathogenesis of HS. Furthermore, CD2 blockade is a viable immunotherapeutic approach for the management of HS.
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Shahi A, Afzali S, Amirzargar A, Mohaghegh P, Salehi S, Mansoori Y. Potential roles of inflammasomes in the pathophysiology of Psoriasis: A comprehensive review. Mol Immunol 2023; 161:44-60. [PMID: 37481828 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease whose pathophysiology is attributed to both innate and adaptive immune cells and molecules. Despite the crucial roles of the immune system in psoriasis, it cannot be categorized as an autoimmune disease because of the lack of main signs of autoimmunity, such as specific antibodies, well-defined antigens, and autoimmune genetic risk factors. The presence of some cellular and molecular properties, such as the presence of neutrophils in skin lesions and the activation of the innate immune system, attributes psoriasis to a group of diseases called autoinflammatory disorders. Autoinflammatory diseases refer to a group of inherited disorders whose main manifestations are recurrent fever, a high level of acute-phase reactant, and a tendency for inflammation of the skin, joints, and other organs like the nervous system. In most autoinflammatory disorders, it has been seen that complexes of the high-molecular-weight protein named inflammasomes have significant roles. The inflammasome complex usually is formed and activated in the stimulated immune cell cytoplasm, and its activation consequently leads to inflammatory events such as producing of active caspase-1, mature interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 and can cause an inflammatory programmed cell death called pyroptosis. Since the identification of inflammasomes, it has been shown that there are close links between them and hereditary and acquired autoinflammatory diseases like psoriasis. In this review, we aim to focus on well-defined inflammasome and their role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shahi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Afzali
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Amirzargar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Poopak Mohaghegh
- Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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Ghosh D, Ganguly T, Chatterjee R. Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in psoriasis pathogenesis. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:129. [PMID: 37072609 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex genetic skin disorder typically manifested by red, scaly, and itchy plaques most commonly over the scalp, trunk, elbows, and knees. Histopathological features include thickening of the epidermal layer due to hyper-proliferation and abnormal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes along with infiltration of immune cells in the psoriatic skin. It is a chronic inflammatory relapsing disease, and there is currently no permanent cure for psoriasis. Proper medications can reduce the severity of the disease and improve the quality of life of the patients. While the genetic components of psoriasis pathogenesis are well explored, the full understanding of its epigenetic component remains elusive. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are documented to regulate various epigenetic processes that lead to the pathogenesis of different diseases including psoriasis. In this review, we have discussed the molecular interplay of different ncRNAs in psoriasis pathogenesis. The roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in psoriasis are pretty well studied, whereas the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging. This review provides ideas covering some of the latest findings of different modes of functions played by those different ncRNAs documented in the literature. As an ever-evolving topic, some works are still ongoing as well as there are several fields that need rigorous scientific ventures. We have proposed the areas which claim more explorations to better understand the roles played by the ncRNAs in psoriasis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debakreeta Ghosh
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B T Road, Kolkata, 700 108, India
| | - Torsa Ganguly
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B T Road, Kolkata, 700 108, India
| | - Raghunath Chatterjee
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B T Road, Kolkata, 700 108, India.
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Kumar D, Sahoo SS, Chauss D, Kazemian M, Afzali B. Non-coding RNAs in immunoregulation and autoimmunity: Technological advances and critical limitations. J Autoimmun 2023; 134:102982. [PMID: 36592512 PMCID: PMC9908861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell function is critically dependent on precise control over transcriptional output from the genome. In this respect, integration of environmental signals that regulate gene expression, specifically by transcription factors, enhancer DNA elements, genome topography and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are key components. The first three have been extensively investigated. Even though non-coding RNAs represent the vast majority of cellular RNA species, this class of RNA remains historically understudied. This is partly because of a lag in technological and bioinformatic innovations specifically capable of identifying and accurately measuring their expression. Nevertheless, recent progress in this domain has enabled a profusion of publications identifying novel sub-types of ncRNAs and studies directly addressing the function of ncRNAs in human health and disease. Many ncRNAs, including circular and enhancer RNAs, have now been demonstrated to play key functions in the regulation of immune cells and to show associations with immune-mediated diseases. Some ncRNAs may function as biomarkers of disease, aiding in diagnostics and in estimating response to treatment, while others may play a direct role in the pathogenesis of disease. Importantly, some are relatively stable and are amenable to therapeutic targeting, for example through gene therapy. Here, we provide an overview of ncRNAs and review technological advances that enable their study and hold substantial promise for the future. We provide context-specific examples by examining the associations of ncRNAs with four prototypical human autoimmune diseases, specifically rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis. We anticipate that the utility and mechanistic roles of these ncRNAs in autoimmunity will be further elucidated in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaneshwar Kumar
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Subhransu Sekhar Sahoo
- Departments of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Daniel Chauss
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Departments of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Behdad Afzali
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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The lncRNA PRINS-miRNA-mRNA Axis Gene Expression Profile as a Circulating Biomarker Panel in Psoriasis. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:451-465. [PMID: 35761165 PMCID: PMC9276574 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between genes and the environment in psoriasis is firmly coupled by epigenetic modification. Epigenetic modifications are inherited variations in gene expression devoid of DNA sequence alterations. Non-coding RNAs are regarded as one of the epigenetic modifications that lead eventually to enduring heritable variations in gene expression. In the present study, we chose the lncRNA, Psoriasis-susceptibility-Related RNA Gene Induced by Stress (PRINS) known to have a regulatory role in psoriasis and deduced its axis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA through an in silico data analysis. We aimed to assess the expression levels of this lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in patients with psoriasis to elucidate their possible roles in psoriasis management. METHODS We investigated the lncRNA-PRINS and its target microRNAs (miRNA124-3p, miRNA203a-5p, miRNA129-5p, miRNA146a-5p, miRNA9-5p) and partner genes (NPM, G1P3) expression levels in the plasma of 120 patients with psoriasis compared to 120 healthy volunteers using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and correlated the results with the patients' clinicopathological data. Finally, we performed a function, disease, and pathway enrichment analysis for the LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis under study. RESULTS The lncRNA PRINS, G1P3, and NPM genes showed significantly under-expressed levels while all miRNAs included in the study showed significant over-expression in patients with psoriasis relative to controls. The lncRNA PRINS, G1P3, and NPM genes showed a significant direct correlation with each other and inverse significant correlations with all miRNAs under study. All the study biomarkers showed significant results for discriminating between patients with psoriasis and controls using a receiver operating curve analysis with sensitivity over 90% except for PRINS, which was 74.2%. The G1P3 gene showed a direct significant correlation with body mass index in patients with psoriasis (p = 0.009) and an inverse significant correlation with age (p = 0.034). The NPM gene showed a significant correlation with body mass index in patients with psoriasis (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Based on our results, we suggest that restoring the altered PRINS-miRNA-mRNA axis gene expression levels might represent a tool to prevent psoriasis worsening, along with standard therapy. Thus, on the clinical practice level, the PRINS-miRNA-mRNA axis expression profile can be utilized in designing specific targeted therapy aimed at applying a personalized medicine approach among patients with psoriasis.
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Kelemen E, Ádám É, Sági SM, Göblös A, Kemény L, Bata-Csörgő Z, Széll M, Danis J. Psoriasis-Associated Inflammatory Conditions Induce IL-23 mRNA Expression in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:540. [PMID: 35008970 PMCID: PMC8745281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial, chronic inflammatory skin disease, the development of which is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Cytosolic nucleic acid fragments, recognized as pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns, are highly abundant in psoriatic skin. It is known that psoriatic skin exhibits increased levels of IL-23 compared to healthy skin. However, the relationship between free nucleic acid levels and IL-23 expression has not been clarified yet. To examine a molecular mechanism by which nucleic acids potentially modulate IL-23 levels, an in vitro system was developed to investigate the IL-23 mRNA expression of normal human epidermal keratinocytes under psoriasis-like circumstances. This system was established using synthetic nucleic acid analogues (poly(dA:dT) and poly(I:C)). Signaling pathways, receptor involvement and the effect of PRINS, a long non-coding RNA previously identified and characterized by our research group, were analyzed to better understand the regulation of IL-23 in keratinocytes. Our results indicate that free nucleic acids regulate epithelial IL-23 mRNA expression through the TLR3 receptor and specific signaling pathways, thereby, contributing to the development of an inflammatory milieu favorable for the appearance of psoriatic symptoms. A moderate negative correlation was confirmed between the nucleic-acid-induced IL-23 mRNA level and the rate of its decrease upon PRINS overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Kelemen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (E.K.); (S.M.S.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Éva Ádám
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Stella Márta Sági
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (E.K.); (S.M.S.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
| | - Anikó Göblös
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (J.D.)
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (E.K.); (S.M.S.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (J.D.)
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (E.K.); (S.M.S.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (J.D.)
| | - Márta Széll
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (J.D.)
| | - Judit Danis
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (J.D.)
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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The Psoriatic Nonlesional Skin: A Battlefield between Susceptibility and Protective Factors. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2785-2790. [PMID: 34216605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades, large-scale gene-expression studies on psoriatic skin samples revealed that even though nonlesional skin is macroscopically identical to healthy skin, it harbors several molecular differences. Originally, these molecular differences were thought to represent susceptibility factors for plaque formation. However, we review in this paper the several factors of immune regulation and structural alteration that are specific for the nonlesional skin and serve as protective factors by counteracting plaque formation and contributing to the maintenance of the nonlesional phenotype.
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Bozó R, Danis J, Flink LB, Vidács DL, Kemény L, Bata-Csörgő Z. Stress-Related Regulation Is Abnormal in the Psoriatic Uninvolved Skin. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070599. [PMID: 34201431 PMCID: PMC8303303 DOI: 10.3390/life11070599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte stress-response of the uninvolved psoriatic epidermis is known to be altered compared to healthy cells. Therefore, we aimed to reveal potential mechanisms underlying this alteration. We compared the expression of annotated cell-stress-related proteins between uninvolved psoriatic and healthy skin using the protein array method. Data were analyzed by the Reactome over-representation test. We found that p27/CDKN1B and cytochrome C showed at least a two-fold increase, while cyclooxygenase-2, indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1, serum paraoxonase 1, serum paraoxonase 3, serine-46-phosphorylated tumor protein p53, and superoxide-dismutase-2 showed a two-fold decrease in expression in the uninvolved skin. Over-representation analysis suggested the Forkhead-box protein O (FOXO)-mediated transcription as the most significant pathway affected by the differently expressed cell-stress-related proteins (DECSRPs). DECSRPs indicate increased FOXO-mediated transcription of cell-cycle genes and reduced interleukin-signaling in the psoriatic uninvolved skin. Nuclear positivity of the FOXO-signaling-related p27/CDKN1B and FOXO1 are negatively correlated with the disease severity and showed increased expression in the uninvolved epidermis and also in healthy primary keratinocytes, which were grown on cartilage oligomeric matrix protein-coated surfaces. Our results indicate a cell-cycle inhibitory process, as a stress-related compensatory mechanism in the uninvolved epidermis, that could be responsible for blocking keratinocyte hyperproliferation in the psoriatic uninvolved skin, thus maintaining the symptomless skin phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Bozó
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (J.D.); (L.B.F.); (D.L.V.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-54-64-02
| | - Judit Danis
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (J.D.); (L.B.F.); (D.L.V.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lili Borbála Flink
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (J.D.); (L.B.F.); (D.L.V.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
| | - Dániel László Vidács
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (J.D.); (L.B.F.); (D.L.V.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (J.D.); (L.B.F.); (D.L.V.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (J.D.); (L.B.F.); (D.L.V.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Bozó R, Flink LB, Belső N, Gubán B, Széll M, Kemény L, Bata-Csörgő Z. Could basement membrane alterations, resembling micro-wounds at the dermo-epidermal junction in psoriatic non-lesional skin, make the skin susceptible to lesion formation? Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:765-772. [PMID: 33348435 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Current data suggest that tissue microenvironment control immune functions. Therefore, understanding the tissue environment in which immune activation occurs will enhance our capability to interfere with abnormal immune pathology. Here, we argue that studying the constitutively abnormal functions of clinically uninvolved psoriatic skin in patients with plaque type psoriasis is very important to better understand psoriasis pathobiology, because non-lesional skin provides the tissue environment in which the psoriatic lesion develops. A key question in psoriasis is what initiates the abnormal, uncontrolled immune activation in the first place and the answer may lie in the skin. In light of this concept, we summarize abnormalities at the dermal-epidermal junction region which shows a special "non-healing-like" micro-wound phenotype in the psoriatic non-lesional skin that may act as a crucial susceptibility factor in the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Bozó
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,HCEMM-SZTE Skin Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lili Borbála Flink
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nóra Belső
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,HCEMM-SZTE Skin Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barbara Gubán
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márta Széll
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,HCEMM-SZTE Skin Research Group, Szeged, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,HCEMM-SZTE Skin Research Group, Szeged, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
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Guner R, Yazici S, Akyol M, Tuzemen Bayyurt E, Arslan S. Research on hotair and 7SL-RNA gene expression levels in psoriasis vulgaris. Indian J Dermatol 2021; 66:704. [PMID: 35283509 PMCID: PMC8906295 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_1125_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Mutation of protein-coding genes and non-coding genes is a factor in psoriasis etiology. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), which does not have protein-coding capacity, is available in the human genome. HOTAIR (HOX Antisense Intergenic RNA) and 7SL-RNA are known as ncRNA. They may play a role in psoriasis pathogenesis. Aims: In our study, we aimed to investigate the level of HOTAIR and 7SL-RNA gene expression in the lesional and perilesional healthy skin of psoriasis patients. Methods: Total RNA isolation from the skin samples was achieved by modifying the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Cat No: 74104) protocol. Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) phase was performed in accordance with the protocol of the relevant brand (WizPure qPCR). Results: 7SL-RNA gene expression decreased in the skin with psoriatic lesions (FC: 0.01; p: 0.028), and this decrease was statistically significant. HOTAIR gene expression decreased (FC: 0.92; p: 0.218), but this decrease was not statistically significant. Conclusions: lncRNAs may play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis disease.
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Chen Z, Wang Y, Zhao J, Zhou D, Lv J, Zhang G, Di T, Li P. A study on the pathogenesis of blood-heat psoriasis with transcriptome analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1523. [PMID: 33313268 PMCID: PMC7729302 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Most existing studies on psoriasis' pathogenesis have focused on collecting epithelial cell gene sequences from psoriasis patients and normal subjects. In this paper, for the first time, high-throughput microarray was used to study the differential expression of genes in venous blood between patients with blood-heat psoriasis and normal subjects, providing theoretical support for studying the pathogenesis of blood-heat psoriasis. Methods Peripheral venous blood was collected from ten patients with blood-heat psoriasis and ten healthy volunteers for high-throughput microarray. The mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs related to blood-heat psoriasis were selected by analyzing the transcriptome microarray results. Then gene ontology (GO) analysis and KEGG signaling pathway analysis were used to explore further the biological functions of these mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in blood-heat pathogenesis psoriasis. Network pharmacology was used to analyze the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the genes with differential expression, and the core genes to transmit information were obtained. Results A total of 205 circRNAs, 393 lncRNAs, and 157 mRNAs with differential expression associated with psoriasis were selected using high-throughput microarray. GO analysis showed these mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs were mainly enriched in cellular processes, biological regulation, ribosome formation, and negative regulation of protein binding. However, KEGG enrichment analysis suggested they were mainly enriched in autoimmunity pathways, lipid metabolism, translation, and signal transduction. PPI network analysis of mRNAs with significant difference revealed 11 core genes that transmitted information in psoriasis primarily. Conclusions The mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs with differential expression related to the pathogenesis of blood-heat psoriasis were found using high-throughput microarray for the first time. And the mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs with potential regulatory functions related to blood-heat psoriasis were then screened by bioinformatics analysis, effectively providing a new research entry point to the pathogenesis of blood-heat psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Chen
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxia Zhao
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Lv
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhong Zhang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Di
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Beijing, China
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14
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Piipponen M, Li D, Landén NX. The Immune Functions of Keratinocytes in Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8790. [PMID: 33233704 PMCID: PMC7699912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most dominant cell type in the skin, keratinocytes play critical roles in wound repair not only as structural cells but also exerting important immune functions. This review focuses on the communications between keratinocytes and immune cells in wound healing, which are mediated by various cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles. Keratinocytes can also directly interact with T cells via antigen presentation. Moreover, keratinocytes produce antimicrobial peptides that can directly kill the invading pathogens and contribute to wound repair in many aspects. We also reviewed the epigenetic mechanisms known to regulate keratinocyte immune functions, including histone modifications, non-protein-coding RNAs (e.g., microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs), and chromatin dynamics. Lastly, we summarized the current evidence on the dysregulated immune functions of keratinocytes in chronic nonhealing wounds. Based on their crucial immune functions in skin wound healing, we propose that keratinocytes significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic wound inflammation. We hope this review will trigger an interest in investigating the immune roles of keratinocytes in chronic wound pathology, which may open up new avenues for developing innovative wound treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ning Xu Landén
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Dermatology and Venereology Division, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; (M.P.); (D.L.)
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15
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Li X, Liu J, Liu M, Xia C, Zhao Q. The Lnc LINC00461/miR-30a-5p facilitates progression and malignancy in non-small cell lung cancer via regulating ZEB2. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:825-836. [PMID: 32106756 PMCID: PMC7145333 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1731946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have found that Lnc LINC00461 is an important regulator of cancer. However, the function of Lnc LINC00461 in NSCLC is not known. Therefore, this experimental design was based on Lnc LINC00461 to explore the pathogenesis of Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of lnc LINC00461 and miR-30a-5p in NSCLC. The CCK-8 method and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of lnc LINC00461 and miR-30a-5p on proliferation, migration in NSCLC. Target gene prediction and screening, luciferase reporter assays were used to validate downstream target genes of lnc LINC00461 and miR-30a-5p. The protein expression of ZEB2 was detected by Western blot. The tumor changes in mice were detected by in vivo experiments. Lnc LINC00461 was significantly elevated in NSCLC. Lnc LINC00461 knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation and migration in NSCLC. miR-30a-5p was a direct target of lnc LINC00461 and miR-30a-5p was significantly reduced in NSCLC. shLINC00461 and miR-30a-5p inhibitor partially eliminated the effect of shLINC00461 on cell proliferation. And lnc LINC00461 was negatively correlated with miR-30a-5p expression. ZEB2 was a direct target of miR-30a-5p, and miR-30a-5p mimic and sh lnc LINC00461 significantly reduced ZEB2 expression levels. Finally, In vivo, lnc LINC00461 promoted tumor growth by modulating the miR-30a-5p / ZEB2 axis. In conclusion, LncLINC00461 promoted the progression of NSCLC by the miR-30a-5p / ZEB2 axis, and lnc LINC00461 may be a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin, China,Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,CONTACT Xin Li
| | - Jinghao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin, China,Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin, China,Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunqiu Xia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin, China,Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin, China,Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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16
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Li X, Shahid MQ, Wen M, Chen S, Yu H, Jiao Y, Lu Z, Li Y, Liu X. Global identification and analysis revealed differentially expressed lncRNAs associated with meiosis and low fertility in autotetraploid rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:82. [PMID: 32075588 PMCID: PMC7032005 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autotetraploid rice is a useful germplasm for polyploid rice breeding. Our previous research showed that non-coding RNAs might be associated with low fertility in autotetraploid rice. However, little information is available on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the low fertility of autotetraploid rice. In the present study, RNA-seq was employed to detect the differentially expressed meiosis-related lncRNAs in autotetraploid rice, and gene overexpression and knock out experiments were used to validate the potential function of candidate lncRNA. RESULTS A total of 444 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DEL) were detected during anther and ovary meiosis in autotetraploid rice. Of these, 328 DEL were associated with the transposable elements, which displayed low expression levels during meiosis in autotetraploid rice. We used rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) assay to validate 10 DEL and found that the lncRNAs were not assembly artifacts, and six of them were conserved in tetraploid rice. Moreover, 237 and 20 lncRNAs were associated with pollen mother cell (PMC) and embryo sac mother cell (EMC) meiosis in autotetraploid rice, respectively. The differential expressions of some meiosis-related targets and its DEL regulator, including MEL1 regulated by TCONS_00068868, LOC_Os12g41350 (meiotic asynaptic mutant 1) by TCONS_00057811 in PMC, and LOC_Os12g39420 by TCONS_00144592 in EMC, were confirmed by qRT-PCR. TCONS_00057811, TCONS_00055980 and TCONS_00130461 showed anther specific expression patterns and were found to be highly expressed during meiosis. CRISPR/Cas9 editing of lncRNA57811 displayed similar morphology compared to wild type. The overexpression of lncRNA57811 resulted in low pollen fertility (29.70%) and seed setting (33%) in rice. CONCLUSION The differential expression levels of lncRNAs, associated with transposable elements and meiosis-regulated targets, might be endogenous noncoding regulators of pollen/embryo sac development that cause low fertility in autotetraploid rice. The results enhance our understanding about rice lncRNAs, and facilitate functional research in autotetraploid rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Shahid
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Minsi Wen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Shuling Chen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Yamin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Zijun Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Yajing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
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17
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Zhou Q, Yu Q, Gong Y, Liu Z, Xu H, Wang Y, Shi Y. Construction of a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network to determine the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in psoriasis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4011-4021. [PMID: 31611939 PMCID: PMC6781786 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that impairs the quality of life of affected patients. Emerging studies indicate that certain long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in psoriasis. However, the exact functions of lncRNAs and their regulatory mechanisms as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in psoriasis have remained to be fully elucidated. In the present study, differentially expressed lncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs were identified by analyzing public datasets, and a psoriasis-associated lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed based on the ceRNA theory. Furthermore, previously validated abnormally expressed miRNAs in psoriasis were identified by a systematic literature search in the PubMed and Web of Science databases, and a specific miRNA-associated lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA sub-network was extracted. Furthermore, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed using DAVID 6.8. A total of 253 lncRNAs, 106 miRNAs and 1,156 mRNAs were identified as being differentially expressed between psoriasis skin and healthy control skin. The present study identified two key lncRNAs that may potentially have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis: AL035425.3 and Prader Willi/Angelman region RNA 6. This integrative analysis enhances the understanding of the molecular mechanism of psoriasis and may provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Zhicui Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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18
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Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis Reveals Intermediate Stage of Non-Lesional Psoriatic Skin and Points out the Importance of Proteins Outside this Trend. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11382. [PMID: 31388062 PMCID: PMC6684579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47774-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the pathomechanism of psoriasis, a comparative proteomic analysis was performed with non-lesional and lesional skin from psoriasis patients and skin from healthy individuals. Strikingly, 79.9% of the proteins that were differentially expressed in lesional and healthy skin exhibited expression levels in non-lesional skin that were within twofold of the levels observed in healthy and lesional skin, suggesting that non-lesional skin represents an intermediate stage. Proteins outside this trend were categorized into three groups: I. proteins in non-lesional skin exhibiting expression similar to lesional skin, which might be predisposing factors (i.e., CSE1L, GART, MYO18A and UGDH); II. proteins that were differentially expressed in non-lesional and lesional skin but not in healthy and lesional skin, which might be non-lesional characteristic alteration (i.e., CHCHD6, CHMP5, FLOT2, ITGA7, LEMD2, NOP56, PLVAP and RRAS); and III. proteins with contrasting differential expression in non-lesional and lesional skin compared to healthy skin, which might contribute to maintaining the non-lesional state (i.e., ITGA7, ITGA8, PLVAP, PSAPL1, SMARCA5 and XP32). Finally, proteins differentially expressed in lesions may indicate increased sensitivity to stimuli, peripheral nervous system alterations, furthermore MYBBP1A and PRKDC were identified as potential regulators of key pathomechanisms, including stress and immune response, proliferation and differentiation.
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19
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Kelemen E, Danis J, Göblös A, Bata-Csörgő Z, Széll M. Exosomal long non-coding RNAs as biomarkers in human diseases. EJIFCC 2019; 30:224-236. [PMID: 31263395 PMCID: PMC6599197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The intensive study of extracellular vesicles was started about a decade ago revealing alterations of their amount and content to several cellular stimuli, highly depending on the releasing cell type. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles, are released by every cell type and are present in most body fluids, what makes them attractive targets of biomarker research. Several studies have indicated that their content - including proteins and coding, as well as non-coding nucleic acids - could represent the disease state and serves as specific disease biomarkers. Out of these molecules, a special interest was gained by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Just as exosomes, lncRNAs are specific to their cell of origin and often specific to diseases, also found extracellularly, mainly contained in extracellular vesicles. Thus, recent efforts in biomarker research has turned to circulating exosomal lncRNAs, which might lead to the development of highly specific disease markers. Here we summarize the current knowledge on disease-associated exosomal long non-coding RNAs. The intensive studies in this area have revealed numerous potential targets for biomarkers, and highlighted the potential of their combination with other exosomal markers to represent a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tool. However, we believe that additional functional data on both exosomes and lncRNAs are necessary for understanding their deregulation in diseases and developing their use as diagnostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Kelemen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Research Institute of Translational Biomedicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Danis
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Research Institute of Translational Biomedicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anikó Göblös
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Research Institute of Translational Biomedicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Research Institute of Translational Biomedicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márta Széll
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, Hungary
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Erdei L, Bolla BS, Bozó R, Tax G, Urbán E, Kemény L, Szabó K. TNIP1 Regulates Cutibacterium acnes-Induced Innate Immune Functions in Epidermal Keratinocytes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2155. [PMID: 30319618 PMCID: PMC6165910 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin cells recognize the presence of the skin microbiome through pathogen recognition receptors. Epidermal keratinocytes are known to activate toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 in response to the commensal Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes, formerly known as Propionibacterium acnes) bacterium and subsequently to induce innate immune and inflammatory events. These events may lead to the appearance of macroscopic inflammatory acne lesions in puberty: comedos, papules and, pustules. Healthy skin does not exhibit inflammation or skin lesions, even in the continuous presence of the same microbes. As the molecular mechanism for this duality is still unclear, we aimed to identify factors and mechanisms that control the innate immune response to C. acnes in keratinocytes using a human immortalized keratinocyte cell line, HPV-KER, normal human keratinocytes (NHEK) and an organotypic skin model (OSM). TNIP1, a negative regulator of the NF-κB signaling pathway, was found to be expressed in HPV-KER cells, and its expression was rapidly induced in response to C. acnes treatment, which was confirmed in NHEK cells and OSMs. Expression changes were not dependent on the C. acnes strain. However, we found that the extent of expression was dependent on C. acnes dose. Bacterial-induced changes in TNIP1 expression were regulated by signaling pathways involving NF-κB, p38, MAPKK and JNK. Experimental modification of TNIP1 levels affected constitutive and C. acnes-induced NF-κB promoter activities and subsequent inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA and protein levels. These results suggest an important role for this negative regulator in the control of bacterially induced TLR signaling pathways in keratinocytes. We showed that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induced elevated TNIP1 expression in HPV-KER cells and also in OSMs, where TNIP1 levels increased throughout the epidermis. ATRA also reduced constitutive and bacterium-induced levels of TNFα, CCL5 and TLR2, while simultaneously increasing CXCL8 and TLR4 expression. Based on these findings, we propose that ATRA may exhibit dual effects in acne therapy by both affecting the expression of the negative regulator TNIP1 and attenuating TLR2-induced inflammation. Overall, TNIP1, as a possible regulator of C. acnes-induced innate immune and inflammatory events in keratinocytes, may play important roles in the maintenance of epidermal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Erdei
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szilvia Bolla
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Bozó
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Tax
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Urbán
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
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Utsunomiya R, Dai X, Murakami M, Masuda K, Okazaki H, Tsuda T, Mori H, Shiraishi K, Tohyama M, Sayama K. Heparinoid suppresses Der p-induced IL-1β production by inhibiting ERK and p38 MAPK pathways in keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:981-988. [PMID: 29754454 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal keratinocytes initiate skin inflammation by activating immune cells. The skin barrier is disrupted in atopic dermatitis (AD) and epidermal keratinocytes can be exposed to environmental stimuli, such as house dust mite (HDM) allergens. We showed previously that HDM allergens activate the NLRP3 inflammasome of keratinocytes, thereby releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Heparinoid is an effective moisturizer for atopic dry skin. However, a recent report showed that heparinoid treatment can improve inflammation of lichen planus. Therefore, we hypothesized that it acts on epidermal keratinocytes not only as a moisturizer, but also as a suppressant of the triggers of skin inflammation. We found that HDM allergen-induced interleukin (IL)-1β release from keratinocytes was inhibited significantly by heparinoid pretreatment without affecting cell viability. However, heparinoid did not affect caspase-1 release, suggesting that heparinoid did not affect HDM allergen-induced inflammasome activation. Heparinoid treatment not only decreased intracellular levels of pro-IL-1β, but also suppressed IL-1β messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in keratinocytes. Among the intracellular signalling pathways, the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 pathways, which are required for IL-1β expression in keratinocytes, was inhibited by heparinoid treatment. The inhibitory effect of heparinoid on IL-1β mRNA expression was also confirmed with living skin equivalents. Our results demonstrated that heparinoid suppresses the initiation of keratinocyte-mediated skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Utsunomiya
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
| | - Xiuju Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
| | - Masamoto Murakami
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
| | - Kana Masuda
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
| | - Hidenori Okazaki
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama City, Japan
| | - Teruko Tsuda
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
| | - Hideki Mori
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
| | - Ken Shiraishi
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
| | - Mikiko Tohyama
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
| | - Koji Sayama
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan
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Epigenetic alterations in primary Sjögren's syndrome - an overview. Clin Immunol 2018; 196:12-20. [PMID: 29649576 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by inflammation of exocrine glands, mainly salivary and lacrimal glands. In addition, pSS may affect multiple other organs resulting in systemic manifestations. Although the precise etiology of pSS remains elusive, pSS is considered to be a multi-factorial disease, where underlying genetic predisposition, environmental factors and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to disease development. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, may constitute a dynamic link between genome, environment and phenotypic manifestation by their modulating effects on gene expression. A growing body of studies reporting altered epigenetic landscapes in pSS suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of pSS, and the reversible nature of epigenetic modifications suggests therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic dysregulation in pSS. This article reviews our current understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in pSS and discusses implications for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Danis J, Janovák L, Gubán B, Göblös A, Szabó K, Kemény L, Bata-Csörgő Z, Széll M. Differential Inflammatory-Response Kinetics of Human Keratinocytes upon Cytosolic RNA- and DNA-Fragment Induction. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29518010 PMCID: PMC5877635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes are non-professional immune cells contributing actively to innate immune responses partially by reacting to a wide range of molecular patterns by activating pattern recognition receptors. Cytosolic nucleotide fragments as pathogen- or self-derived trigger factors are activating inflammasomes and inducing anti-viral signal transduction pathways as well as inducing expression of inflammatory cytokines. We aimed to compare the induced inflammatory reactions in three keratinocyte cell types—normal human epidermal keratinocytes, the HaCaT cell line and the HPV-KER cell line—upon exposure to the synthetic RNA and DNA analogues poly(I:C) and poly(dA:dT) to reveal the underlying signaling events. Both agents induced the expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α in all cell types; however, notable kinetic and expression level differences were found. Western blot analysis revealed rapid activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), mitogen activated protein kinase and signal transducers of activator of transcription (STAT) signal transduction pathways in keratinocytes upon poly(I:C) treatment, while poly(dA:dT) induced slower activation. Inhibition of NF-κB, p38, STAT-1 and STAT-3 signaling resulted in decreased cytokine expression, whereas inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) signaling showed a negative feedback role in both poly(I:C)- and poly(dA:dT)-induced cytokine expression. Based on our in vitro results nucleotide fragments are able to induce inflammatory reactions in keratinocytes, but with different rate and kinetics of cytokine expression, explained by faster activation of signaling routes by poly(I:C) than poly(dA:dT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Danis
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (L.J.); (B.G.); (A.G.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.S.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-54-52-78
| | - Luca Janovák
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (L.J.); (B.G.); (A.G.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
| | - Barbara Gubán
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (L.J.); (B.G.); (A.G.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
| | - Anikó Göblös
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (L.J.); (B.G.); (A.G.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Kornélia Szabó
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (L.J.); (B.G.); (A.G.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (L.J.); (B.G.); (A.G.); (L.K.); (Z.B.-C.)
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Márta Széll
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.S.); (M.S.)
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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