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Li S, Xiang J, Zeng Y, Peng X, Li H. Elevated proton motive force is a tetracycline resistance mechanism that leads to the sensitivity to gentamicin in Edwardsiella tarda. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14379. [PMID: 38085112 PMCID: PMC10832521 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetracycline is a commonly used human and veterinary antibiotic that is mostly discharged into environment and thereby tetracycline-resistant bacteria are widely isolated. To combat these resistant bacteria, further understanding for tetracycline resistance mechanisms is needed. Here, GC-MS based untargeted metabolomics with biochemistry and molecular biology techniques was used to explore tetracycline resistance mechanisms of Edwardsiella tarda. Tetracycline-resistant E. tarda (LTB4-RTET ) exhibited a globally repressed metabolism against elevated proton motive force (PMF) as the most characteristic feature. The elevated PMF contributed to the resistance, which was supported by the three results: (i) viability was decreased with increasing PMF inhibitor carbonylcyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone; (ii) survival is related to PMF regulated by pH; (iii) LTB4-RTET were sensitive to gentamicin, an antibiotic that is dependent upon PMF to kill bacteria. Meanwhile, gentamicin-resistant E. tarda with low PMF are sensitive to tetracycline is also demonstrated. These results together indicate that the combination of tetracycline with gentamycin will effectively kill both gentamycin and tetracycline resistant bacteria. Therefore, the present study reveals a PMF-enhanced tetracycline resistance mechanism in LTB4-RTET and provides an effective approach to combat resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao‐hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying‐yue Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuan‐xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
- Guangdong Litai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.JieyangGuangdongChina
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
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Xiang J, Wang SW, Tao Y, Ye JZ, Liang Y, Peng XX, Yang LF, Li H. A glucose-mediated antibiotic resistance metabolic flux from glycolysis, the pyruvate cycle, and glutamate metabolism to purine metabolism. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1267729. [PMID: 37915850 PMCID: PMC10616527 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1267729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bacterial metabolic environment influences antibiotic killing efficacy. Thus, a full understanding for the metabolic resistance mechanisms is especially important to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Methods Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification-based proteomics approach was employed to compare proteomes between ceftazidime-resistant and -sensitive Edwarsiella tarda LTB4 (LTB4-RCAZ and LTB4-S, respectively). Results This analysis suggested the possibility that the ceftazidime resistance mediated by depressed glucose is implemented through an inefficient metabolic flux from glycolysis, the pyruvate cycle, glutamate metabolism to purine metabolism. The inefficient flux was demonstrated by the reduced expression of genes and the decreased activity of enzymes in the four metabolic pathways. However, supplement upstream glucose and downstream guanosine separately restored ceftazidime killing, which not only supports the conclusion that the inefficient metabolic flux is responsible for the resistance, but also provides an effective approach to reverse the resistance. In addition, the present study showed that ceftazidime is bound to pts promoter in E. tarda. Discussion Our study highlights the way in fully understanding metabolic resistance mechanisms and establishing metabolites-based metabolic reprogramming to combat antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi-wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-zhou Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan-xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Guangdong Litai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jieyang, China
| | - Li-fen Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Lin H, Li P, Ma L, Lai S, Sun S, Hu K, Zhang L. Analysis and modification of central carbon metabolism in Hypsizygus marmoreus for improving mycelial growth performance and fruiting body yield. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1233512. [PMID: 37560516 PMCID: PMC10407233 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1233512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypsizygus marmoreus is one of the main industrially cultivated varieties of edible fungi, with a delicious taste and high nutritional value. However, the long harvest period of 130-150 days greatly limits its large-scale expansion. This study aimed to investigate the effects of central carbon metabolism (CCM) on the mycelial growth performance and fruiting body formation of H. marmoreus. Nine edible fungi with different harvest periods were collected and used to evaluate their intracellular carbon metabolic differences in the CCM, which revealed that the imbalanced distribution of intracellular carbon metabolic levels in the CCM of H. marmoreus might be one of the key factors resulting in a slow mycelial growth rate and a long harvest period. Further analysis by three strategies, including metabolomics, adaptation of different carbon sources, and chemical interference, confirmed that low carbon flux into the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) limited the supply of raw materials, reduced power, and thus influenced the mycelial growth of H. marmoreus. Furthermore, four transformants with increased expression levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), a key rate-limiting enzyme in the PPP of H. marmoreus, were developed and showed more extracellular soluble protein secretion and higher sugar assimilation rates, as well as improved mycelial growth rates in bottle substrate mixtures. Finally, cultivation experiments indicated that the maturation periods of the fruiting body with ~4-5 days in advance and the maximum fruiting body yield of 574.8 g per bag with an increase of 7.4% were achieved by improving the G6PDH expression level of the PPP in H. marmoreus. This study showed that CCM played an important role in the mycelial growth and development of H. marmoreus, which provided new insights for future advancements in cultivating and breeding edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shufang Lai
- Fujian Edible Fungus Technology Promotion General Station, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shujing Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kaihui Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Jiang M, Su YB, Ye JZ, Li H, Kuang SF, Wu JH, Li SH, Peng XX, Peng B. Ampicillin-controlled glucose metabolism manipulates the transition from tolerance to resistance in bacteria. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade8582. [PMID: 36888710 PMCID: PMC9995076 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade8582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism(s) of how bacteria acquire tolerance and then resistance to antibiotics remains poorly understood. Here, we show that glucose abundance decreases progressively as ampicillin-sensitive strains acquire resistance to ampicillin. The mechanism involves that ampicillin initiates this event via targeting pts promoter and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) to promote glucose transport and inhibit glycolysis, respectively. Thus, glucose fluxes into pentose phosphate pathway to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing genetic mutations. Meanwhile, PDH activity is gradually restored due to the competitive binding of accumulated pyruvate and ampicillin, which lowers glucose level, and activates cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/cAMP receptor protein (CRP) complex. cAMP/CRP negatively regulates glucose transport and ROS but enhances DNA repair, leading to ampicillin resistance. Glucose and Mn2+ delay the acquisition, providing an effective approach to control the resistance. The same effect is also determined in the intracellular pathogen Edwardsiella tarda. Thus, glucose metabolism represents a promising target to stop/delay the transition of tolerance to resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yu-bin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jin-zhou Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Su-fang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-han Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao-hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan-xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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Singh RP, Kumari K. Bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS): an evolved molecular weapon with diverse functionality. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:309-331. [PMID: 36683130 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial secretion systems are nanomolecular complexes that release a diverse set of virulence factors/or proteins into its surrounding or translocate to their target host cells. Among these systems, type VI secretion system 'T6SS' is a recently discovered molecular secretion system which is widely distributed in Gram-negative (-ve) bacteria, and shares structural similarity with the puncturing device of bacteriophages. The presence of T6SS is an advantage to many bacteria as it delivers toxins to its neighbour pathogens for competitive survival, and also translocates protein effectors to the host cells, leading to disruption of lipid membranes, cell walls, and cytoskeletons etc. Recent studies have characterized both anti-prokaryotic and anti-eukaryotic effectors, where T6SS is involved in diverse cellular functions including favouring colonization, enhancing the survival, adhesive modifications, internalization, and evasion of the immune system. With the evolution of advanced genomics and proteomics tools, there has been an increase in the number of characterized T6SS effector arsenals and also more clear information about the adaptive significance of this complex system. The functions of T6SS are generally regulated at the transcription, post-transcription and post-translational levels through diverse mechanisms. In the present review, we aimed to provide information about the distribution of T6SS in diverse bacteria, any structural similarity/or dissimilarity, effectors proteins, functional significance, and regulatory mechanisms. We also tried to provide information about the diverse roles played by T6SS in its natural environments and hosts, and further any changes in the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Prakash Singh
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
| | - Kiran Kumari
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
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Zhou Y, Yong Y, Zhu C, Yang H, Fang B. Exogenous D-ribose promotes gentamicin treatment of several drug-resistant Salmonella. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1053330. [PMID: 36419438 PMCID: PMC9676500 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1053330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic microenvironment of bacteria impacts drug efficacy. However, the metabolic mechanisms of drug-resistant Salmonella spp. remain largely unknown. This study characterized the metabolic mechanism of gentamicin-resistant Salmonella Choleraesuis and found that D-ribose increased the gentamicin-mediated killing of this bacteria. Non-targeted metabolomics of homologous gentamicin-susceptible Salmonella Choleraesuis (SCH-S) and gentamicin-resistant S. Choleraesuis (SCH-R) was performed using UHPLC-Q-TOF MS. The metabolic signature of SCH-R included disrupted central carbon metabolism and energy metabolism, along with dysregulated amino acid and nucleotide metabolism, vitamin and cofactor metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis. D-ribose, the most suppressed metabolite in SCH-R, was shown to strengthen gentamicin efficacy against SCH-R and a clinically isolated multidrug-resistant strain. This metabolite had a similar impact on Salmonella. Derby and Salmonella. Typhimurium. D-ribose activates central carbon metabolism including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), increases the abundance of NADH, polarizes the electron transport chain (ETC), and elevates the proton motive force (PMF) of cells, and induces drug uptake and cell death. These findings suggest that central carbon metabolism plays a critical role in the acquisition of gentamicin resistance by Salmonella, and that D-ribose may serve as an antibiotic adjuvant for gentamicin treatment of resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yong
- Guangdong Wens Dahuanong Biotechnology Limited Company, Yun Fu, China
| | - Chunyang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binghu Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Kou TS, Wu JH, Chen XW, Peng B. Functional proteomics identify mannitol metabolism in serum resistance and therapeutic implications in Vibrio alginolyticus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010526. [PMID: 36389821 PMCID: PMC9660324 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum resistance is recognized as one of the most important pathogenic traits of bacterial pathogens, and no control measure is available. Based on our previous discovery that pathogenic Escherichia coli represses glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism to confer serum resistance and that the reactivation of this pathway by exogenous glycine could restore serum sensitivity, we further investigate the mechanism underlying the action of glycine in Vibrio alginolyticus. Thus, V. alginolyticus is treated with glycine, and the proteomic change is profiled with tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics. Compared to the control group, glycine treatment influences the expression of a total of 291 proteins. Among them, a trap-type mannitol/chloroaromatic compound transport system with periplasmic component, encoded by N646_0992, is the most significantly increased protein. In combination with the pathway enrichment analysis showing the altered fructose and mannitol metabolism, mannitol has emerged as a possible metabolite in enhancing the serum killing activity. To demonstrate this, exogenous mannitol reduces bacterial viability. This synergistic effect is further confirmed in a V. alginolyticus-Danio rerio infection model. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying mannitol-enabled serum killing is dependent on glycolysis and the pyruvate cycle that increases the deposition of complement components C3b and C5b-9 on the bacterial surface, whereas inhibiting glycolysis or the pyruvate cycle significantly weakened the synergistic effects and complement deposition. These data together suggest that mannitol is a potent metabolite in reversing the serum resistance of V. alginolyticus and has promising use in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-shun Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia-han Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuan-wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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8
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Kou TS, Wu JH, Chen XW, Chen ZG, Zheng J, Peng B. Exogenous glycine promotes oxidation of glutathione and restores sensitivity of bacterial pathogens to serum-induced cell death. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102512. [PMID: 36306677 PMCID: PMC9615314 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic strains of bacteria are often highly adept at evading serum-induced cell death, which is an essential complement-mediated component of the innate immune response. This phenomenon, known as serum-resistance, is poorly understood, and as a result, no effective clinical tools are available to restore serum-sensitivity to pathogenic bacteria. Here, we provide evidence that exogenous glycine reverses defects in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism associated with serum resistance, restores susceptibility to serum-induced cell death, and alters redox balance and glutathione (GSH) metabolism. More specifically, in Vibrio alginolyticus and Escherichia coli, exogenous glycine promotes oxidation of GSH to GSH disulfide (GSSG), disrupts redox balance, increases oxidative stress and reduces membrane integrity, leading to increased binding of complement. Antioxidant or ROS scavenging agents abrogate this effect and agents that generate or potentiate oxidation stimulate serum-mediated cell death. Analysis of several clinical isolates of E. coli demonstrates that glutathione metabolism is repressed in serum-resistant bacteria. These data suggest a novel mechanism underlying serum-resistance in pathogenic bacteria, characterized by an induced shift in the GSH/GSSG ratio impacting redox balance. The results could potentially lead to novel approaches to manage infections caused by serum-resistant bacteria both in aquaculture and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-shun Kou
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jia-han Wu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xuan-wei Chen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhuang-gui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China,Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Edwardsiella tarda TraT is an anti-complement factor and a cellular infection promoter. Commun Biol 2022; 5:637. [PMID: 35768577 PMCID: PMC9243006 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Edwardsiella tarda is a well-known bacterial pathogen with a broad range of host, including fish, amphibians, and mammals. One eminent virulence feature of E. tarda is its strong ability to resist the killing of host serum complement, but the involving mechanism is unclear. In this report, we identified E. tarda TraT as a key player in both complement resistance and cellular invasion. TraT, a surface-localized protein, bound and recruited complement factor H onto E. tarda, whereby inhibiting complement activation via the alternative pathway. TraT also interacted with host CD46 in a specific complement control protein domain-dependent manner, whereby facilitating the cellular infection and tissue dissemination of E. tarda. Thus, by acting as an anti-complement factor and a cellular infection promoter, TraT makes an important contribution to the complement evasion and systemic infection of E. tarda. These results add insights into the pathogen-host interaction mechanism during E. tarda infection. Edwardsiella tarda TraT promotes cellular infection and serves as an anti-complement factor, shedding light on the mechanisms of E. tarda’s strong evasion of killing by the host.
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10
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Yin Y, Yin Y, Yang H, Chen Z, Zheng J, Peng B. Vibrio alginolyticus Survives From Ofloxacin Stress by Metabolic Adjustment. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:818923. [PMID: 35369464 PMCID: PMC8966707 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.818923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus becomes a worldwide challenge threatening both human health and food safety. The approach in managing such infection is largely absent, despite the fact that the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance have been extensively investigated. Metabolic modulation has been documented to be a novel approach in improving antibiotic efficacy. In this study, we characterize the metabolic signature of V. alginolyticus exposed to 0.3 or 0.5 μg/ml of ofloxacin (OFX). By profiling the metabolome, we find that bacteria treated by the two different concentrations of OFX generate different metabolic signatures. While a part of these metabolites was shared by both groups, the other metabolites represent their own signatures. The pathway enrichment analysis demonstrates that the pyruvate cycle is disrupted in the bacteria treated by the 0.3 μg/ml OFX as compared to those by the 0.5 μg/ml. Importantly, the disruption of pyruvate cycle confers the capability of bacteria to survive under 0.5 μg/ml of antibiotic stress. Further analysis identifies that the fatty acid biosynthesis is elevated in bacteria treated by 0.3 μg/ml OFX, and inhibition on fatty acid completely prevents the bacteria from survival even under such dose of antibiotic stress. Our study suggests that bacteria adapt to antibiotic stress by modulating the metabolic flux for survival, which could be targeted to increase antibiotic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuanpan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhuanggui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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11
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Mekasha S, Linke D. Secretion Systems in Gram-Negative Bacterial Fish Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:782673. [PMID: 34975803 PMCID: PMC8714846 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.782673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial fish pathogens are one of the key challenges in the aquaculture industry, one of the fast-growing industries worldwide. These pathogens rely on arsenal of virulence factors such as toxins, adhesins, effectors and enzymes to promote colonization and infection. Translocation of virulence factors across the membrane to either the extracellular environment or directly into the host cells is performed by single or multiple dedicated secretion systems. These secretion systems are often key to the infection process. They can range from simple single-protein systems to complex injection needles made from dozens of subunits. Here, we review the different types of secretion systems in Gram-negative bacterial fish pathogens and describe their putative roles in pathogenicity. We find that the available information is fragmented and often descriptive, and hope that our overview will help researchers to more systematically learn from the similarities and differences between the virulence factors and secretion systems of the fish-pathogenic species described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophanit Mekasha
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk Linke
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Kuang SF, Chen YT, Chen JJ, Peng XX, Chen ZG, Li H. Synergy of alanine and gentamicin to reduce nitric oxide for elevating killing efficacy to antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus. Virulence 2021; 12:1737-1753. [PMID: 34251979 PMCID: PMC8276662 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1947447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explored the cooperative effect of both alanine (Ala) and gentamicin (Gent) on metabolic mechanisms by which exogenous Ala potentiates Gent to kill antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus. To test this, GC-MS-based metabolomics was used to characterize Ala-, Gent- and both-induced metabolic profiles, identifying nitric oxide (NO) production pathway as the most key clue to understand metabolic mechanisms. Gent, Ala and both led to low, lower and lowest activity of total nitric oxide synthase (tNOS) and level of NO, respectively. NOS promoter L-arginine and inhibitor NG-Monomethyl-L-arginine inhibited and promoted the killing, respectively, with the elevation and decrease of NOS activity and NO level. The present study further showed that CysJ is the enzyme-producing NO in V. alginolyticus. These results indicate that the cooperative effect of Ala and Gent causes the lowest NO, which plays a key role in Ala-potentiated Gent-mediated killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Fang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhuang-Gui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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13
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Li L, Yang M, Zhu WC, Liu XJ, Peng XX, Li H. Functionally ampicillin-stressed proteomics reveals that AdhE regulates alcohol metabolism for antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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(p)ppGpp-Dependent Regulation of the Nucleotide Hydrolase PpnN Confers Complement Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00639-20. [PMID: 33139383 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00639-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The stringent response is an essential mechanism of metabolic reprogramming during environmental stress that is mediated by the nucleotide alarmones guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate [(p)ppGpp]. In addition to physiological adaptations, (p)ppGpp also regulates virulence programs in pathogenic bacteria, including Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. S Typhimurium is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis, but it may also spread to systemic tissues, resulting in severe clinical outcomes. During infection, S Typhimurium encounters a broad repertoire of immune defenses that it must evade for successful host infection. Here, we examined the role of the stringent response in S Typhimurium resistance to complement-mediated killing and found that the (p)ppGpp synthetase-hydrolase, SpoT, is required for bacterial survival in human serum. We identified the nucleotide hydrolase, PpnN, as a target of the stringent response that is required to promote bacterial fitness in serum. Using chromatography and mass spectrometry, we show that PpnN hydrolyzes purine and pyrimidine monophosphates to generate free nucleobases and ribose 5'-phosphate, and that this metabolic activity is required for conferring resistance to complement killing. In addition to PpnN, we show that (p)ppGpp is required for the biosynthesis of the very long and long O-antigen in the outer membrane, known to be important for complement resistance. Our results provide new insights into the role of the stringent response in mediating evasion of the innate immune system by pathogenic bacteria.
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15
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Abstract
The Na+-NQR complex functions as a unique redox-driven sodium pump, generating membrane potential directly. However, whether it mediates generation of membrane potential indirectly is unknown. The present study shows that the Na+-NQR complex impacts membrane potential through other antiporter families Atp and Mnh. It proceeds by ATP and then cAMP/CRP regulon, which inhibits l-alanine catabolism and promotes l-alanine anabolism. When the Na+-NQR complex is reduced as in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, l-alanine is depressed, which is related to the antibiotic resistance phenotypes. However, exogenous l-alanine reverts the phenotype and promotes antibiotic-mediated killing. These findings suggest a novel mechanism by which the Na+-NQR system regulates antibiotic resistance via l-alanine metabolism in a cAMP/CRP complex-dependent manner. Sodium-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (Na+-NQR) functions as a unique redox-driven sodium pump, generating membrane potential, which is related to aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance. However, whether it modulates other metabolisms to confer antibiotic resistance is unknown. The present study showed that loss of nqrA or nqrF led to differential metabolomes with elevated resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Decreased alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism and depressed abundance of alanine were characterized as the most impacted pathway and crucial biomarker, respectively. Further data showed that higher viability was detected in ΔnqrA and ΔnqrF mutant strains than their parent strain ATCC 33787 in the presence of gentamicin but recovered by exogenous l-alanine. It proceeds by the following events. The loss of nqrA or nqrF led to the decrease of membrane potential, ATPase activity, and then ATP and cyclic AMP (cAMP), which reduced the cAMP/CRP (cAMP receptor protein) complex. The reduced cAMP/CRP complex promoted l-alanine catabolism and inhibited l-alanine anabolism, causing reduced levels of alanine. Reduced alanine affected the expression of antiporter families Atp and Mnh genes. Our results suggest a novel mechanism by which the Na+-NQR system regulates antibiotic resistance via l-alanine metabolism in a cAMP/CRP complex-dependent manner.
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16
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Li L, Su YB, Peng B, Peng XX, Li H. Metabolic mechanism of colistin resistance and its reverting in Vibrio alginolyticus. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:4295-4313. [PMID: 32291842 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colistin is a last-line antibiotic against Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria, but the increased resistance poses a huge challenge to this drug. However, the mechanisms underlying such resistance are largely unexplored. The present study first identified the mutations of two genes encoding AceF subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and TetR family transcriptional regulator in colistin-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus (VA-RCT ) through genome sequencing. Then, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy-based metabolomics was adopted to investigate metabolic responses since PDH plays a role in central carbon metabolism. Colistin resistance was associated with the reduction of the central carbon metabolism and energy metabolism, featuring the alteration of the pyruvate cycle, a recently characterized energy-producing cycle. Metabolites in the pyruvate cycle reprogramed colistin-resistant metabolome to colistin-sensitive metabolome, resulting in increased gene expression, enzyme activity or protein abundance of the cycle and sodium-translocating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-ubiquinone oxidoreductase. This reprogramming promoted the production of the proton motive force that enhances the binding between colistin and lipid A in lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, this metabolic approach was effective against VA-RCT in vitro and in vivo as well as other clinical isolates. These findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism of colistin resistance and develop a metabolome-reprogramming approach to promote colistin efficiency to combat with colistin-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Bin Su
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
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17
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Fang QJ, Han YX, Shi YJ, Huang HQ, Fang ZG, Hu YH. Universal stress proteins contribute Edwardsiella piscicida adversity resistance and pathogenicity and promote blocking host immune response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:248-258. [PMID: 31654767 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Universal stress proteins (Usps) exist ubiquitously in bacteria and other organisms. Usps play an important role in adaptation of bacteria to a variety of environmental stresses. There is increasing evidence that Usps facilitate pathogens to adapt host environment and are involved in pathogenicity. Edwardsiella piscicida (formerly included in E. tarda) is a severe fish pathogen and infects various important economic fish including tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In E. piscicida, a number of systems and factors that are involved in stress resistance and pathogenesis were identified. However, the function of Usps in E. piscicida is totally unknown. In this study, we examined the expressions of 13 usp genes in E. piscicida and found that most of these usp genes were up-regulated expression under high temperature, oxidative stress, acid stress, and host serum stress. Particularly, among these usp genes, usp13, exhibited dramatically high expression level upon several stress conditions. To investigate the biological role of usp13, a markerless usp13 in-frame mutant strain, TX01Δusp13, was constructed. Compared to the wild type TX01, TX01Δusp13 exhibited markedly compromised tolerance to high temperature, hydrogen peroxide, and low pH. Deletion of usp13 significantly retarded bacterial biofilm growth and decreased resistance against serum killing. Pathogenicity analysis showed that the inactivation of usp13 significantly impaired the ability of E. piscicida to invade into host cell and infect host tissue. Introduction of a trans-expressed usp13 gene restored the lost virulence of TX01Δusp13. In support of these results, host immune response induced by TX01 and TX01Δusp13 was examined, and the results showed reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in TX01Δusp13-infected macrophages were significantly higher than those in TX01-infected cells. The expression level of several cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and CC2) in TX01Δusp13-infected fish was significantly higher than that in TX01-infected fish. These results suggested that the deletion of usp13 attenuated the ability of bacteria to overcome the host immune response to pathogen infection. Taken together, our study indicated Usp13 of E. piscicida was not only important participant in adversity resistance, but also was essential for E. piscicida pathogenicity and contributed to block host immune response to pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Jian Fang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Yue-Xin Han
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Yan-Jie Shi
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Hui-Qin Huang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Zai-Guang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Yong-Hua Hu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Haikou, 571101, China.
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18
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Exogenous Glucose Promotes Growth and Pectinase Activity of Bacillus licheniformis DY2 Through Frustrating the TCA Cycle. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Su YB, Kuang SF, Peng XX, Li H. The depressed P cycle contributes to the acquisition of ampicillin resistance in Edwardsiella piscicida. J Proteomics 2019; 212:103562. [PMID: 31733415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are an increasingly serious threat to human health and aquaculture. To further explore bacterial antibiotic resistance mechanism, iTRAQ is used to identify a differential proteome in ampicillin-resistant LTB4 (LTB4-RAMP), a strain of Edwardsiella piscicida. A total of 102 differentially proteins with 50 upregulation and 52 downregulation are identified. Since many of these changes are related to metabolism, interactive pathways explorer(iPath) is used to understand a global differentially metabolic response in LTB4-RAMP. This analysis identifies a global depressed metabolic modulation as the most characteristic feature of LTB4-RAMP. Lower membrane potential and ATP in LTB4-RAMP than control support that the central carbon metabolism and energy metabolism are reduced. Since the pyruvate cycle (the P cycle) plays a key role in the central carbon metabolism and energy metabolism, further investigation focuses on the P cycle and shows that expression of genes and activity of enzymes in the P cycle are decreased in LTB4-RAMP. These results support the conclusion that the depressed P cycle contributes to the acquisition of ampicillin resistance in E.piscicida. These findings indicate that the combination of proteomics and iPath analysis can provide a global metabolic profile, which helps us better understand the correlation between ampicillin resistance and cellular metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE: The present study uses iTRAQ to explore ampicillin resistance mechanism in Edwardsiella piscicida and finds many of these differential abundances of proteins are related to metabolism. IPath further identifies a global depressed metabolic modulation and characterizes the reduced pyruvate cycle as the most characteristic feature of the ampicillin-resistant E. piscicida, which is supported by reduced expression of genes and activity of enzymes in the pyruvate cycle. Consisitently, lower membrane potential and ATP are detetced. These results reveal the metabolic mechanism of ampicillin resistance and provide a solid proof to revert the resistance by reprogramming metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bin Su
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Su-Fang Kuang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China.
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Zhang S, Wang J, Jiang M, Xu D, Peng B, Peng X, Li H. Reduced redox‐dependent mechanism and glucose‐mediated reversal in gentamicin‐resistant
Vibrio alginolyticus. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:4724-4739. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Di Xu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000 China
| | - Xuan‐xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000 China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000 China
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21
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Shi YJ, Fang QJ, Huang HQ, Gong CG, Hu YH. HutZ is required for biofilm formation and contributes to the pathogenicity of Edwardsiella piscicida. Vet Res 2019; 50:76. [PMID: 31578154 PMCID: PMC6775658 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Edwardsiella piscicida is a severe fish pathogen. Haem utilization systems play an important role in bacterial adversity adaptation and pathogenicity. In this study, a speculative haem utilization protein, HutZEp, was characterized in E. piscicida. hutZEp is encoded with two other genes, hutW and hutX, in an operon that is similar to the haem utilization operon hutWXZ identified in V. cholerae. However, protein activity analysis showed that HutZEp is probably not related to hemin utilization. To explore the biological role of HutZEp, a markerless hutZEp in-frame mutant strain, TX01ΔhutZ, was constructed. Deletion of hutZEp did not significantly affect bacterial growth in normal medium, in iron-deficient conditions, or in the presence of haem but significantly retarded bacterial biofilm growth. The expression of known genes related to biofilm growth was not affected by hutZEp deletion, which indicated that HutZEp was probably a novel factor promoting biofilm formation in E. piscicida. Compared to the wild-type TX01, TX01ΔhutZ exhibited markedly compromised tolerance to acid stress and host serum stress. Pathogenicity analysis showed that inactivation of hutZEp significantly impaired the ability of E. piscicida to invade and reproduce in host cells and to infect host tissue. In contrast to TX01, TX01ΔhutZ was defective in blocking host macrophage activation. The expression of hutZEp was directly regulated by the ferric uptake regulator Fur. This study is the first functional characterization of HutZ in a fish pathogen, and these findings suggested that HutZEp is essential for E. piscicida biofilm formation and contributes to host infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Shi
- Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China.,Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Qing-Jian Fang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Hui-Qin Huang
- Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China.,Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Chun-Guang Gong
- Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China.
| | - Yong-Hua Hu
- Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China. .,Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China. .,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China. .,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Haikou, 571101, China.
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Xu D, Wang J, Guo C, Peng XX, Li H. Elevated biosynthesis of palmitic acid is required for zebrafish against Edwardsiella tarda infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:508-518. [PMID: 31247319 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms by which vaccines enhance immunity to combat bacterial pathogens are not fully understood. Recently, we have found that live Edwardsiella tarda vaccine enhances ability against the bacterial challenge by metabolic modulation in zebrafish. Here we first explored the metabolic modulation promoted by inactivated E. tarda to eliminate the pathogen. Inactivated E. tarda vaccine modulated a similar metabolome to combat with the pathogen in zebrafish as live E. tarda vaccine did. Specifically, both vaccines promoted biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and the TCA cycle. However, due to relatively higher activated TCA cycle in inactivated vaccine than live vaccine, live vaccine promoted higher abundance of palmitate than inactivated vaccine. Consistently, the protection against E. tarda challenge was palmitate dose-dependent. Live vaccine activated higher expression of IL-1β, IL-8,Cox-2 genes and lower expression of IL-15, IL-21 genes than inactivated vaccine, which is similar to the results stimulated by high and low doses of palmitate, respectively. These findings indicate live and inactivated E. tarda vaccines stimulate differential abundances of palmitate that contribute to differential innate immunities against bacterial infection. Thus, metabolic environment contributes to immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Guo
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, People's Republic of China.
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Wen Q, Liu XJ, Zhu WC, Li L, Li MY, Peng XX, Li H. Characterization of balofloxacin-stressed proteomics and identification of balofloxacin-binding proteins pre-peptidase and integration host factor in Edwardsiella tarda. J Proteomics 2019; 205:103413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cheng ZX, Guo C, Chen ZG, Yang TC, Zhang JY, Wang J, Zhu JX, Li D, Zhang TT, Li H, Peng B, Peng XX. Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism confounds efficacy of complement-mediated killing. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3325. [PMID: 31346171 PMCID: PMC6658569 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum resistance is a poorly understood but common trait of some difficult-to-treat pathogenic strains of bacteria. Here, we report that glycine, serine and threonine catabolic pathway is down-regulated in serum-resistant Escherichia coli, whereas exogenous glycine reverts the serum resistance and effectively potentiates serum to eliminate clinically-relevant bacterial pathogens in vitro and in vivo. We find that exogenous glycine increases the formation of membrane attack complex on bacterial membrane through two previously unrecognized regulations: 1) glycine negatively and positively regulates metabolic flux to purine biosynthesis and Krebs cycle, respectively. 2) α-Ketoglutarate inhibits adenosine triphosphate synthase, which in together promote the formation of cAMP/CRP regulon to increase the expression of complement-binding proteins HtrE, NfrA, and YhcD. The results could lead to effective strategies for managing the infection with serum-resistant bacteria, an especially valuable approach for treating individuals with weak acquired immunity but a normal complement system. Serum-resistant bacteria can escape complement killing in the bloodstream. Here, using metabolomics and metabolite perturbations, the authors describe an altered metabolic state in serum-resistant Escherichia coli and show that exogenous glycine potentiates elimination of pathogenic bacteria in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xue Cheng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chang Guo
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang-Gui Chen
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Ci Yang
- Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xin Zhu
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Tuo Zhang
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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Thioredoxin H (TrxH) contributes to adversity adaptation and pathogenicity of Edwardsiella piscicida. Vet Res 2019; 50:26. [PMID: 30992061 PMCID: PMC6466703 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0645-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxins (Trxs) play an important role in defending against oxidative stress and keeping disulfide bonding correct to maintain protein function. Edwardsiella piscicida, a severe fish pathogen, has been shown to encode several thioredoxins including TrxA, TrxC, and TrxH, but their biological roles remain unknown. In this study, we characterized TrxH of E. piscicida (named TrxHEp) and examined its expression and function. TrxHEp is composed of 125 residues and possesses typical thioredoxin H motifs. Expression of trxHEp was upregulated under conditions of oxidative stress, iron starvation, low pH, and during infection of host cells. trxHEp expression was also regulated by ferric uptake regulator (Fur), an important global regulatory of E. piscicida. Compared to the wild type TX01, a markerless trxHEp in-frame mutant strain TX01∆trxH exhibited markedly compromised tolerance of the pathogen to hydrogen peroxide, acid stress, and iron deficiency. Deletion of trxHEp significantly retarded bacterial biofilm growth and decreased resistance against serum killing. Pathogenicity analysis shows that the inactivation of trxHEp significantly impaired the ability of E. piscicida to invade host cells, reproduce in macrophages, and infect host tissues. Introduction of a trans-expressed trxH gene restored the lost virulence of TX01∆trxH. There is likely to be a complex relationship of functional complementation or expression regulation between TrxH and another two thioredoxins, TrxA and TrxC, of E. piscicida. This is the first functional report of TrxH in fish pathogens, and the findings suggest that TrxHEp is essential for coping with adverse circumstances and contributes to host infection of E. piscicida.
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Liu SR, Peng XX, Li H. Metabolic mechanism of ceftazidime resistance in Vibrio alginolyticus. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:417-429. [PMID: 30863124 PMCID: PMC6388739 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s179639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microbial metabolism confounds antibiotic efficacy. However, information regarding effect of metabolism on cephalosporin antibiotics-mediated killing and Vibrio spp is largely absence, although the drugs are widely used in clinic and the bacteria are pathogens to both human and aquaculture animals. Purpose This study explores the metabolome of cephalosporin antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus and analyzes the role of bacterial metabolism in drug and multidrug-resistance. Results The metabolomes of isogenic ceftazidime-resistant V. alginolyticus (VA-RCAZ) and ceftazidime-sensitive V. alginolyticus (VA-S) were analyzed using gas chromatography -mass spectrometry. The metabolome of VA-RCAZ is characterized by inefficient respiration, an inefficient pyruvate cycle (P cycle), increased biosynthesis of fatty acids and decreased membrane proton motive force. This hypothesis was confirmed by the fact that furfural and malonate, inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase (P cycle enzymes), respectively, increased resistance of VA-RCAZ to antibiotics, while exposure to triclosan, to inhibit biosynthesis of fatty acids, decreased resistance. Conclusion These results contribute to our understanding of mechanisms of bacterial antibiotic-resistance and may lead to more effective approaches to treat, manage or prevent infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens including those of the Vibrio species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Rao Liu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China, ; .,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China, ;
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27
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Yang J, Zeng ZH, Yang MJ, Cheng ZX, Peng XX, Li H. NaCl promotes antibiotic resistance by reducing redox states in Vibrio alginolyticus. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:4022-4036. [PMID: 30307102 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of antibiotic resistance in Vibrio alginolyticus represents a threat to human health and fish farming. Environmental NaCl regulation of bacterial physiology is well documented, but whether the regulation contributes to antibiotic resistance remains unknown. To explore this, we compared minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of V. alginolyticus cultured in different media with 0.5%-10% NaCl, and found that the MIC increased as the NaCl concentration increased, especially for aminoglycoside antibiotics. Consistent with this finding, internal NaCl also increased, while intracellular gentamicin level decreased. GC-MS-based metabolomics showed different distributions of pyruvate cycle intermediates among 0.5%, 4% and 10% NaCl. Differential activity of enzymes in the pyruvate cycle and altered expression of Na(+)-NQR led to a reducing redox state, characterized by decreased levels of NADH, proton motive force (PMF) and ATP. Meanwhile, NaCl negatively regulated PMF as a consequence of the reducing redox state. These together are responsible for the decreased intracellular gentamicin level with the increased external level of NaCl. Our study reveals a previously unknown redox state-dependent mechanism regulated by NaCl in V. alginolyticus that impacts antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zao-Hai Zeng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xue Cheng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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28
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Yang MJ, Cheng ZX, Jiang M, Zeng ZH, Peng B, Peng XX, Li H. Boosted TCA cycle enhances survival of zebrafish to Vibrio alginolyticus infection. Virulence 2018; 9:634-644. [PMID: 29338666 PMCID: PMC5955478 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1423188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is a waterborne pathogen that infects a wide variety of hosts including fish and human, and the outbreak of this pathogen can cause a huge economic loss in aquaculture. Thus, enhancing host's capability to survive from V. alginolyticus infection is key to fighting infection and this remains still unexplored. In the present study, we established a V. alginolyticus-zebrafish interaction model by which we explored how zebrafish survived from V. alginolyticus infection. We used GC-MS based metabolomic approaches to characterize differential metabolomes between survival and dying zebrafish upon infection. Pattern recognition analysis identified the TCA cycle as the most impacted pathway. The metabolites in the TCA cycle were decreased in the dying host, whereas the metabolites were increased in the survival host. Furthermore, the enzymatic activities of the TCA cycle including pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), α-ketoglutaric dehydrogenase (KGDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) also supported this conclusion. Among the increased metabolites in the TCA cycle, malic acid was the most crucial biomarker for fish survival. Indeed, exogenous malate promoted zebrafish survival in a dose-dependent manner. The corresponding activities of KGDH and SDH were also increased. These results indicate that the TCA cycle is a key pathway responsible for the survival or death in response to infection caused by V. alginolyticus, and highlight the way on development of metabolic modulation to control the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Jun Yang
- a Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes , School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China.,b Tibet Vocational Technical College , Lhasha , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xue Cheng
- a Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes , School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Jiang
- a Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes , School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Zao-Hai Zeng
- a Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes , School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Peng
- a Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes , School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- a Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes , School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- a Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes , School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
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29
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Guan Y, Yin D, Du X, Ye X. Functional metabolomics approach reveals the reduced biosynthesis of fatty acids and TCA cycle is required for pectinase activity in Bacillus licheniformis. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 45:951-960. [PMID: 30178168 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increase of pectinase activity is especially important in fermentation industry. Understanding of the metabolic mechanisms can find metabolic modulation approach to promote high yield of pectinase. Higher activity of pectinase was detected in DY1 than DY2, two strains of Bacillus licheniformis. GC-MS-based metabolomics identified differential metabolome of DY2 compared with DY1, characterizing the increased TCA cycle and biosynthesis of fatty acids. Elevated activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), α-ketoglutaric dehydrogenase (KGDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) showed global elevation of carbon metabolism, which is consistent with the result that lowers glucose in DY2 than DY1. Inhibitors malonate, furfural and triclosan, of PDH, SDH and biosynthesis of fatty acids, promoted pectinase activity, where triclosan increased pectinase activity by 179%. These results indicate that functional metabolomics is an effective approach to understand metabolic mechanisms of fermentation production and provides clues to develop new methods for changing bacterial physiology and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xue Yuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
| | - Di Yin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xue Yuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Xi Du
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xue Yuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Xiuyun Ye
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xue Yuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
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Liu X, Yang MJ, Wang SN, Xu D, Li H, Peng XX. Differential Antibody Responses to Outer Membrane Proteins Contribute to Differential Immune Protections between Live and Inactivated Vibrio parahemolyticus. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2987-2994. [PMID: 30095909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that live vaccines elicit higher immune protection than inactivated vaccines. However, the mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, an array with 64 recombinant outer membrane proteins of Vibrio parahemolyticus was developed to explore antibody responses of live and inactivated V. parahemolyticus post immunization of the 8th, 12th, 16th and 20th day. Among the 64 outer membrane proteins, 28 elicited antibody generation. They were all detected in live vaccine-induced immunity but only 15 antibodies were found in inactivated vaccine-induced immunity. Passive immunization showed that higher percent survival was detected in live than inactivated vaccine-induced immunities. Active immunization indicated that out of 19 randomly selected outer membrane proteins, 5 stimulated immune protection against V. parahemolyticus infection. Among them, antibodies to VP2309 and VPA0526 were shared in mice immunized by live or inactivated vaccines, whereas antibodies to VPA0548, VPA1745, and VP1667 were only found in mice immunized by live vaccine. In addition, live V. parahemolyticus stimulated earlier antibody response than inactivated bacteria. These results indicate that not all of the outer membrane proteins elicited antibody responses when they work together in the form of live or inactivated bacteria; live vaccine elicits more protective antibodies, which contribute to higher immune protection in live vaccine than inactivated vaccine. Notably, the recombinant proteins might be different from those separated from live bacteria, and they might be different in their immunogenic potencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering , Shanxi University of Technology , Hanzhong 723001 , China
| | - Man-Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China.,Tibet Vocational Technical College , Lhasha 850000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Nan Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Di Xu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266071 , China
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31
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Li MF, Sun L. Edwardsiella tarda Sip2: A Serum-Induced Protein That Is Essential to Serum Survival, Acid Resistance, Intracellular Replication, and Host Infection. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1084. [PMID: 29887847 PMCID: PMC5980991 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Edwardsiella tarda is a broad-host pathogen that can infect mammals, reptiles, and fish. E. tarda exhibits a remarkable ability to survive in host serum and replicate in host phagocytes, but the underlining mechanism is unclear. In this study, in order to identify E. tarda proteins involved in serum resistance, iTRAQ proteomic analysis was performed to examine the whole-cell protein profiles of TX01, a pathogenic E. tarda isolate, in response to serum treatment. Of the differentially expressed proteins identified, one (named Sip2) possesses a conserved hydrogenase domain and is homologous to the putative hydrogenase accessory protein HypB. When Sip2 was expressed in Escherichia coli, it significantly enhanced the survival of the host cells in serum. Compared to TX01, the sip2 knockout, TX01Δsip2, was dramatically reduced in the ability of hydrogenase activity, serum resistance, intracellular replication, dissemination in fish tissues, and causing mortality in infected fish. The lost virulence capacities of TX01Δsip2 were restored by complementation with the sip2 gene. Furthermore, TX01Δsip2 was significantly reduced in the capacity to grow under low pHs and iron-depleted conditions, and was unable to maintain its internal pH in acidic environment. Taken together, these results indicate that Sip2 is a novel serum-induced protein that is essential to serum resistance, cellular and tissue infection, and coping with acidic stress via its ability to modulate intracellular pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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32
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Cheng ZX, Chu X, Wang SN, Peng XX, Li H. Six genes of ompA family shuffling for development of polyvalent vaccines against Vibrio alginolyticus and Edwardsiella tarda. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 75:308-315. [PMID: 29438846 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyvalent vaccines against more than one species of pathogens are especially important due to the complex ecosystem in aquaculture. We have previously shown that the development of polyvalent vaccines by shuffling six ompA genes from different bacteria with V. parahaemolyticus VP0764 primers. Here, we used the same 6 genes, V. alginolyticus VA0764 and VA1186, V. parahaemolyticus VP0764 and VP1186, E. tarda ompA and E. coli ompA, but with E. tarda ompA primers to develop new polyvalent vaccines. By this approach, we identified 7 potential polyvalent vaccines that were effective against both V. alginolyticus and E. tarda infections. Furthermore, the innate immunity triggered by the vaccines were also explored in three groups, no protection (group I), protection against V. alginolyticus (group II), and protection against both V. alginolyticus and E. tarda (group III). The transcription of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, C3b and NF-kB were significantly increased in group II and group III but not group I, where the expression level of group III was higher than group II. In addition, differential activities of succinate dehydrogenase were detected among the three groups. These results indicate the expansion of polyvalent vaccine reservoir with the same shuffling genes but different primers, and promote the understanding of the mechanisms of polyvalent vaccines based on vaccine-induced innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xue Cheng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Sheng-Nan Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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