1
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Tang Y, Cui G, Liu H, Han Y, Cai C, Feng Z, Shen H, Zeng S. Converting "cold" to "hot": epigenetics strategies to improve immune therapy effect by regulating tumor-associated immune suppressive cells. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024; 44:601-636. [PMID: 38715348 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant developments in cancer treatment have been made since the advent of immune therapies. However, there are still some patients with malignant tumors who do not benefit from immunotherapy. Tumors without immunogenicity are called "cold" tumors which are unresponsive to immunotherapy, and the opposite are "hot" tumors. Immune suppressive cells (ISCs) refer to cells which can inhibit the immune response such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T (Treg) cells and so on. The more ISCs infiltrated, the weaker the immunogenicity of the tumor, showing the characteristics of "cold" tumor. The dysfunction of ISCs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may play essential roles in insensitive therapeutic reaction. Previous studies have found that epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in the regulation of ISCs. Regulating ISCs may be a new approach to transforming "cold" tumors into "hot" tumors. Here, we focused on the function of ISCs in the TME and discussed how epigenetics is involved in regulating ISCs. In addition, we summarized the mechanisms by which the epigenetic drugs convert immunotherapy-insensitive tumors into immunotherapy-sensitive tumors which would be an innovative tendency for future immunotherapy in "cold" tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Tang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Guangzu Cui
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Haicong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Changjing Cai
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Feng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- National Clinical Resaerch Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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2
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Arab I, Park J, Shin JJ, Shin HS, Suk K, Lee WH. Macrophage lncRNAs in cancer development: Long-awaited therapeutic targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115890. [PMID: 37884197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment, the interplay among macrophages, cancer cells, and endothelial cells is multifaceted. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which often exhibit an M2 phenotype, contribute to tumor growth and angiogenesis, while cancer cells and endothelial cells reciprocally influence macrophage behavior. This complex interrelationship highlights the importance of targeting these interactions for the development of novel cancer therapies aimed at disrupting tumor progression and angiogenesis. Accumulating evidence underscores the indispensable involvement of lncRNAs in shaping macrophage functionality and contributing to the development of cancer. Animal studies have further validated the therapeutic potential of manipulating macrophage lncRNA activity to ameliorate disease severity and reduce morbidity rates. This review provides a survey of our current understanding of macrophage-associated lncRNAs, with a specific emphasis on their molecular targets and their regulatory impact on cancer progression. These lncRNAs predominantly govern macrophage polarization, favoring the dominance of M2 macrophages or TAMs. Exosomes or extracellular vesicles mediate lncRNA transfer between macrophages and cancer cells, affecting cellular functions of each other. Moreover, this review presents therapeutic strategies targeting cancer-associated lncRNAs. The insights and findings presented in this review pertaining to macrophage lncRNAs can offer valuable information for the development of treatments against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imene Arab
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkwang Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Joon Shin
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Seob Shin
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ha Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Tian X, Wang T, Shen H, Wang S. Tumor microenvironment, histone modifications, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 74:108-121. [PMID: 37598011 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are important components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which drive the tumor immune escape by inducing immunosuppression. The expansion and function of MDSCs are tightly associated with signaling pathways induced by molecules from tumor cells, stromal cells, and activated immune cells in the TME. Although these pathways have been well-characterized, the understanding of the epigenetic regulators involved is incomplete. Since histone modifications are the most studied epigenetic changes in MDSCs, we summarize current knowledge on the role of histone modifications in MDSCs within this review. We first discuss the influence of the TME on histone modifications in MDSCs, with an emphasis on histone modifications and modifiers that direct MDSC differentiation and function. Furthermore, we highlight current epigenetic interventions that can reverse MDSC-induced immunosuppression by modulating histone modifications and discuss future research directions to fully appreciate the role of histone modifications in MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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4
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Gao Y, Wang N, Jia D. JMJD3 downregulates IL4i1 aggravating lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via H3K27 and H3K4 demethylation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:754-769. [PMID: 36537648 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The pro-inflammation M1 to anti-inflammation M2 macrophage ratio contribute to the severity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). JMJD3 aggravates the inflammatory reaction through affecting epigenetic modification and macrophage's phenotype to deteriorate ALI. To explore the mechanism underlying the upregulation of the macrophage M1/M2 ratio through JMJD3, we developed an ALI mouse model using intratracheal LPS, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and inhibited JMJD3 using GSK-J4. H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 were investigated as JMJD3-mediated epigenetic alteration sites in vivo and in vitro. C/EBPβ and KDM5A were validated as linking factors between H3K27 and H3K4. IL4i1 was investigated as a JMJD3-mediated targeted gene to regulate the macrophage M1/M2 ratio. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to evaluate the relationship between H3K27me3 and C/ebpβ, C/EBPβ and Kdm5a, H3K4me3 and Il4i1. Inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK-J4 can relieve inflammation and pathological performance in ALI. JMJD3 can reduce IL4i1 expression to increase the macrophage M1/M2 ratio and aggravated ALI which process was mediated via JMJD3-indcued H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 demethylation, latter H3K4me3 demethylation inhibited IL4i1 transcription. Inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK-J4 can increase IL4i1 expression, subsequently decreasing the expressions of M1 and increasing of M2 in vivo. The over-expression IL4i1 in LPS-stimulated macrophage or inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK-J4 can both reverse the increase of the macrophage M1/M2 ratio in vitro. C/EBPβ and KDM5A were upregulated by LPS simulation, which linked JMJD3-induced H3K27-H3K4 demethylation. JMJD3 inhibited IL4i1 to increase the macrophage M1/M2 phenotype ratio and aggravate LPS-induced ALI. Using GSK-J4 to inhibit JMJD3 may facilitate the treatment of LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhuo Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Wang
- Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Prevention and Control Institute, Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dong Jia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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5
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Lai L, Wang G, Xu L, Fu Y. CEBPB promotes gastrointestinal motility dysfunction after severe acute pancreatitis via the MALAT1/CIRBP/ERK axis. Mol Immunol 2023; 156:1-9. [PMID: 36842228 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a kind of reversible inflammatory process of the exocrine pancreas with gastrointestinal motility dysfunction involved. Studies have highlighted the role of long noncoding RNA metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in AP. However, the mechanism underlying its role in the gastrointestinal motility dysfunction remains undefined. Hence, we explored the regulatory role of MALAT1 in gastrointestinal motility dysfunction following SAP. Then, the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (CEBPB), MALAT1 and cold-inducible RNA binding protein (CIRBP) was detected in plasma of SAP patients and pancreatic and intestinal tissues of SAP mouse models with their correlation analyzed also. Additionally, the effect of MALAT1 on the pancreatic and intestinal injury, expression of inflammatory factors and the ERK pathway-related genes as well as gastrointestinal motility dysfunction was assessed using ectopic expression and depletion experiments. CEBPB, MALAT1 and CIRBP were highly expressed in plasma of SAP patients and pancreatic and intestinal tissues of SAP mice. Further analysis showed that knockdown of MALAT1 could alleviate pancreatic and intestinal injury, reduce inflammation, and prevent gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in SAP mice. The transcription factor CEBPB could bind to the promoter region of MALAT1, thus activating the transcription of MALAT1. MALAT1 interacted with CIRBP and inhibited the degradation of CIRBP, leading to activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the resultant gastrointestinal motility dysfunction. In conclusion, CEBPB exhibits a promoting activity towards gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in SAP by pumping up MALAT1 expression and activating the CIRBP-dependent ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, PR China.
| | - Guiliang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, PR China
| | - Linfang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, PR China
| | - Yunhui Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, PR China
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6
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Liu Y, Han Y, Zhang Y, Lv T, Peng X, Huang J. LncRNAs has been identified as regulators of Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1067520. [PMID: 36817434 PMCID: PMC9932034 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1067520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung tumours are widespread pathological conditions that attract much attention due to their high incidence of death. The immune system contributes to the progression of these diseases, especially non-small cell lung cancer, resulting in the fast evolution of immune-targeted therapy. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been suggested to promote the progression of cancer in the lungs by suppressing the immune response through various mechanisms. Herein, we summarized the clinical studies on lung cancer related to MDSCs. However, it is noteworthy to mention the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that had different phenotypes and could regulate MDSCs in lung cancer. Therefore, by reviewing the different phenotypes of lncRNAs and their regulation on MDSCs, we summarized the lncRNAs' impact on the progression of lung tumours. Data highlight LncRNAs as anti-cancer agents. Hence, we aim to discuss their possibilities to inhibit tumour growth and trigger the development of immunosuppressive factors such as MDSCs in lung cancer through the regulation of lncRNAs. The ultimate purpose is to propose novel and efficient therapy methods for curing patients with lung tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yukun Han
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, School of Medicine, and Positron Emission Computed Tomography (PET) Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Tongtong Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jinbai Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging, School of Medicine, and Positron Emission Computed Tomography (PET) Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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7
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Wang Y, Gao Y, Zhang C, Yue J, Wang R, Liu H, Yang X, Zhang Y, Yang R. Tumor Environment Promotes Lnc57Rik-Mediated Suppressive Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 209:1401-1413. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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8
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Roy RK, Yadav R, Sharma U, Kaushal Wasson M, Sharma A, Tanwar P, Jain A, Prakash H. Impact of non-coding RNAs on cancer directed immune therapies: Now then and forever. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:981-992. [PMID: 35489027 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the host genome's epigenetic modifications are essential for living organisms to adapt to extreme conditions. DNA methylation, covalent modifications of histone, and inter-association of non-coding RNAs facilitate the cellular manifestation of epigenetic changes in the genome. Out of various factors involved in the epigenetic programming of the host, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA, snoRNA and piRNA are new generation non-coding molecules that influence a variety of cellular processes like immunity, cellular differentiation, and tumor development. During tumor development, temporal changes in miRNA/LncRNA rheostat influence sterile inflammatory responses accompanied by the changes in the carcinogenic signaling in the host. At the cellular level, this is manifested by the up-regulation of Inflammasome and inflammatory pathways, which promotes cancer-related inflammation. Given this, we discuss the potential of lncRNAs, miRNAs, circular RNA, snoRNA and piRNA in regulating inflammation and tumor development in the host. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Kumar Roy
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, India
| | - Rakhi Yadav
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, India
| | - Uttam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ashok Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. B R Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aklank Jain
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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9
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Guo Y, Xie Y, Luo Y. The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:851004. [PMID: 35222443 PMCID: PMC8863945 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.851004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complicated process caused by successive genetic and epigenetic alterations. The past decades demonstrated that the immune system affects tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Although increasing immunotherapies are revealed, only a tiny proportion of them are effective. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of single-stranded RNA molecules larger than 200 nucleotides and are essential in the molecular network of oncology and immunology. Increasing researches have focused on the connection between lncRNAs and cancer immunotherapy. However, the in-depth mechanisms are still elusive. In this review, we outline the latest studies on the functions of lncRNAs in the tumor immune microenvironment. Via participating in various biological processes such as neutrophil recruitment, macrophage polarization, NK cells cytotoxicity, and T cells functions, lncRNAs regulate tumorigenesis, tumor invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis. In addition, we reviewed the current understanding of the relevant strategies for targeting lncRNAs. LncRNAs-based therapeutics may represent promising approaches in serving as prognostic biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets in cancer, providing ideas for future research and clinical application on cancer diagnosis and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajuan Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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10
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Liu X, Zhao S, Sui H, Liu H, Yao M, Su Y, Qu P. MicroRNAs/LncRNAs Modulate MDSCs in Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:772351. [PMID: 35359390 PMCID: PMC8963964 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.772351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of immature cells derived from bone marrow that play critical immunosuppressive functions in the tumor microenvironment (TME), promoting cancer progression. According to base length, Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are mainly divided into: microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs, snRNAs and CircRNAs. Both miRNA and lncRNA are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, and they play an important role in gene expression under both physiological and pathological conditions. The increasing data have shown that MiRNAs/LncRNAs regulate MDSCs within TME, becoming one of potential breakthrough points at the investigation and treatment of cancer. Therefore, we summarize how miRNAs/lncRNAs mediate the differentiation, expansion and immunosuppressive function of tumor MDSCs in TME. We will then focus on the regulatory mechanisms of exosomal MicroRNAs/LncRNAs on tumor MDSCs. Finally, we will discuss how the interaction of miRNAs/lncRNAs modulates tumor MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Shang Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Hongshu Sui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Minhua Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
| | - Yanping Su
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Yanping Su, ; Peng Qu,
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Yanping Su, ; Peng Qu,
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11
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Wang X, Wang X, Xu M, Sheng W. Emerging Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs in Immuno-Oncology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722904. [PMID: 34900986 PMCID: PMC8655840 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), defined as ncRNAs no longer than 200 nucleotides, play an important role in cancer development. Accumulating research on lncRNAs offers a compelling new aspect of genome modulation, in which they are involved in chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and cross-talk with other nucleic acids. Increasing evidence suggests that lncRNAs reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME), which accounts for tumor development and progression. At the same time, the insightful findings on lncRNAs in immune recognition and evasion in tumor-infiltrating immune cells raise concerns with regard to immuno-oncology. In this review, we describe the essential characteristics of lncRNAs, elucidate functions of immune components engaged in tumor surveillance, and present some instructive examples in this new area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Midie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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12
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LncRNAs in tumor microenvironment: The potential target for cancer treatment with natural compounds and chemical drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114802. [PMID: 34678226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It was thought that originally long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were a kind of RNAs without any encoding function. Recently, a variety of studies have shown that lncRNAs play important roles in many life activities. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs in tumor microenvironment (TME) usually promotes the proliferation, migration, and drug resistance of tumor cells through direct or indirect effects, which also usually predicts the poor prognosis. The regulation of lncRNAs expression in TME could significantly inhibit tumor progress. However, the interaction between lncRNAs and TME has not been fully defined at present. Therefore, this paper provided the systemic summary of their interaction and natural products and chemicals targeting lncRNAs in cancer treatment. Currently, the strategies of cancer treatment still have their limits. Understanding the relationship between TME and lncRNAs can help us to realize breakthrough strategy for tumor treatment.
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13
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Pi YN, Qi WC, Xia BR, Lou G, Jin WL. Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697083. [PMID: 34295338 PMCID: PMC8290853 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy (CIT) is considered a revolutionary advance in the fight against cancer. The complexity of the immune microenvironment determines the success or failure of CIT. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is an extremely versatile molecule that can interact with RNA, DNA, or proteins to promote or inhibit the expression of protein-coding genes. LncRNAs are expressed in many different types of immune cells and regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. Recent studies have shown that the discovery of lncRNAs provides a novel perspective for studying the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Tumor cells and the associated microenvironment can change to escape recognition and elimination by the immune system. LncRNA induces the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment through related pathways, thereby controlling the escape of tumors from immune surveillance and promoting the development of metastasis and drug resistance. Using lncRNA as a therapeutic target provides a strategy for studying and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Pi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Cai Qi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bai-Rong Xia
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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14
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Teng Y, Huang Z, Yao L, Wang Y, Li T, Guo J, Wei R, Xia L, Wu Q. Emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in allotransplant rejection. Transpl Immunol 2021; 70:101408. [PMID: 34015462 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Allotransplantation has extensively been employed for managing end-stage organ failure and malignant tumors. Acute and chronic post-transplant rejections are major causes of late morbidity and mortality after allotransplantation. However, there are no objective diagnostic criteria and specific therapy for post-transplant rejections. Owing to key advances in high-throughput RNA sequencing techniques, a wealth of studies have disclosed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression increased or decreased evidently in biopsies, blood, plasma, urine and specific cells of rejecting patients, and the dysregulated lncRNAs affected the cellular functions and differentiation of the immune system. Hence, we present an overview of the functions of lncRNAs expressed in various immune cells related to allotransplant rejection. Moreover, our review explores the regulatory interplay of relevant lncRNAs and recipients with or without allograft rejection after solid organ transplantations or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, then discuss whether these relevant lncRNAs can be molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and new therapeutic targets in the management of post-transplanted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Teng
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenli Huang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Yao
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruowen Wei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linghui Xia
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiuling Wu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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15
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Chen J, Cheng F, Sahakian E, Powers J, Wang Z, Tao J, Seto E, Pinilla-Ibarz J, Sotomayor EM. HDAC11 regulates expression of C/EBPβ and immunosuppressive molecules in myeloid-derived suppressor cells. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 109:891-900. [PMID: 33866588 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a1119-606rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells derived from bone marrow and negatively regulate both innate and adaptive immunity in the tumor microenvironment. Previously we have demonstrated that MDSCs lacking histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) displayed an increased suppressive activity against CD8+ T-cells. However, the mechanisms of HDAC11 that contribute to the suppressive function of MDSCs remain unclear. Here, we show that arginase activity and NO production is significantly higher in HDAC11 knockout MDSCs when compared with wild-type (WT) controls. In the absence of HDAC11, elevated arginase level and enzymatic activity were observed preferentially in the tumor-infiltrated granulocytic MDSCs, whereas iNOS expression and NO production were increased in the tumor-infiltrated monocytic MDSCs. Of note and for the first time, we demonstrated an association between the elevated expression of immunosuppressive molecules with up-regulation of the transcription factor C/EBPβ in MDSCs lacking HDAC11. Interestingly, the highest expression of C/EBPβ was observed among CD11b+ Gr-1+ MDSCs isolated from tumor-bearing mice. The additional demonstration that HDAC11 is recruited to the promoter region of C/EBPβ in WT MDSCs suggests a novel molecular mechanism by which HDAC11 influence the expression of immunosuppressive molecules in MDSCs through regulation of C/EBPβ gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- George Washington Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Fengdong Cheng
- George Washington Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Eva Sahakian
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - John Powers
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Zi Wang
- George Washington Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jianguo Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Hematopathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Edward Seto
- George Washington Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Javier Pinilla-Ibarz
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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16
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Zhang Z, Huang X, Wang E, Huang Y, Yang R. Identification and characterization of B220 +/B220 - subpopulations in murine Gr1 +CD11b + cells during tumorigenesis. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1912472. [PMID: 33948392 PMCID: PMC8057082 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1912472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although all murine MDSCs are defined as Gr1+CD11b+, their true immunophenotype remains elusive. In this study, we found murine Gr1+CD11b+ cells can be divided into two subsets: Gr1+CD11b+B220- and Gr1+CD11b+B220+, especially in the spleen tissues. Unlike the dominant B220- subset, the B220+ subpopulation was not induced by tumor in vivo. Moreover, Gr1+CD11b+B220+ cells from tumor-bearing mice spleens were unable to induce arginase 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, inhibit T cell proliferation, or promote tumor growth in primary tumor site. Nevertheless, these cells suppressed tumor metastasis in vivo and reduced cancer cell motility in vitro, while Gr1+CD11b+B220- cells from tumor-bearing mice spleens promoted tumor metastasis and enhanced cancer cell motility. Furthermore, both the polymorphonuclear (PMN-MDSCs) and monocytic MDSCs (Mo-MDSCs) could be further divided into B220- and B220+ subsets; interestingly, tumor only induced the expansion of B220- PMN-MDSCs and B220- Mo-MDSCs, but not the B220+ counterparts. Compared with B220- PMN-MDSCs and B220- Mo-MDSCs, the Ly6G+Ly6C-CD11b+B220+ and Ly6G-Ly6C+CD11b+B220+ cells from tumor-bearing mice spleens exhibited a more mature phenotype without immunosuppressive activity. Additionally, IL-6 deficiency attenuated the tumor-induced accumulation of MDSCs, B220- MDSCs and B220- PMN-MDSCs but increased the percentages of Gr1+CD11b+B220+, Ly6G+Ly6C-CD11b+B220+, and Ly6G-Ly6C+CD11b+B220+ cells, indicating the opposing roles of the IL-6 signaling pathway in the expansion of B220- MDSCs and their B220+ counterparts. Taken together, our findings indicate that the B220+ subset is a distinct subset of Gr1+CD11b+ cells functionally different from the B220- subpopulation during tumorigenesis and induction of MDSCs to B220+ cells may be helpful for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Enlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yugang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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17
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Sanchez-Pino MD, Dean MJ, Ochoa AC. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC): When good intentions go awry. Cell Immunol 2021; 362:104302. [PMID: 33592540 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MDSC are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that are released by biological stress such as tissue damage and inflammation. Conventionally, MDSC are known for their detrimental role in chronic inflammation and neoplastic conditions. However, their intrinsic functions in immunoregulation, wound healing, and angiogenesis are intended to protect from over-reactive immune responses, maintenance of immunotolerance, tissue repair, and homeostasis. Paradoxically, under certain conditions, MDSC can impair protective immune responses and exacerbate the disease. The transition from protective to harmful MDSC is most likely driven by environmental and epigenetic mechanisms induced by prolonged exposure to unresolved inflammatory triggers. Here, we review several examples of the dual impact of MDSC in conditions such as maternal-fetal tolerance, self-antigens immunotolerance, obesity-associated cancer, sepsis and trauma. Moreover, we also highlighted the evidence indicating that MDSC have a role in COVID-19 pathophysiology. Finally, we have summarized the evidence indicating epigenetic mechanisms associated with MDSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dulfary Sanchez-Pino
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Matthew J Dean
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Augusto C Ochoa
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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18
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Dorhoi A, Kotzé LA, Berzofsky JA, Sui Y, Gabrilovich DI, Garg A, Hafner R, Khader SA, Schaible UE, Kaufmann SH, Walzl G, Lutz MB, Mahon RN, Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Bishai W, du Plessis N. Therapies for tuberculosis and AIDS: myeloid-derived suppressor cells in focus. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:2789-2799. [PMID: 32420917 DOI: 10.1172/jci136288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical role of suppressive myeloid cells in immune regulation has come to the forefront in cancer research, with myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) as a main oncology immunotherapeutic target. Recent improvement and standardization of criteria classifying tumor-induced MDSCs have led to unified descriptions and also promoted MDSC research in tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS. Despite convincing evidence on the induction of MDSCs by pathogen-derived molecules and inflammatory mediators in TB and AIDS, very little attention has been given to their therapeutic modulation or roles in vaccination in these diseases. Clinical manifestations in TB are consequences of complex host-pathogen interactions and are substantially affected by HIV infection. Here we summarize the current understanding and knowledge gaps regarding the role of MDSCs in HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (co)infections. We discuss key scientific priorities to enable application of this knowledge to the development of novel strategies to improve vaccine efficacy and/or implementation of enhanced treatment approaches. Building on recent findings and potential for cross-fertilization between oncology and infection biology, we highlight current challenges and untapped opportunities for translating new advances in MDSC research into clinical applications for TB and AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Dorhoi
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Leigh A Kotzé
- Centre for Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research (CBTBR) and.,Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yongjun Sui
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Ankita Garg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Richard Hafner
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shabaana A Khader
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ulrich E Schaible
- Cellular Microbiology, Priority Program Infections.,Thematic Translation Unit Tuberculosis, German Center for Infection Research, and.,Leibniz Research Alliance INFECTIONS'21, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Stefan He Kaufmann
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- Centre for Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research (CBTBR) and.,Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Manfred B Lutz
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert N Mahon
- Division of AIDS, Columbus Technologies & Services Inc., Contractor to National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - William Bishai
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nelita du Plessis
- Centre for Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research (CBTBR) and.,Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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19
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Shabgah AG, Salmaninejad A, Thangavelu L, Alexander M, Yumashev AV, Goleij P, Hedayati-Moghadam M, Mohammadi H, Ahmadi M, Navashenaq JG. The role of non-coding genome in the behavior of infiltrated myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor microenvironment; a perspective and state-of-the-art in cancer targeted therapy. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 161:17-26. [PMID: 33259833 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the healthcare problems that affect many communities around the world. Many factors contribute to cancer development. Besides, these factors are counted as the main impediment in cancer immunotherapy. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are one of these impediments. MDSCs inhibit the immune responses through various mechanisms such as inhibitory cytokine release and nitric oxide metabolite production. Several factors are involved in forming these cells, including tumor secreted cytokine and chemokines, transcription factors, and non-coding RNA. In the meantime, micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the vital gene regulatory elements that affect gene expression. In this study, we are going to discuss the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in MDSCs development in a cancer situation. It is hoped that miRNA and lncRNAs targeting may prevent the growth and development of these inhibitory cells in the cancer environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Gowhari Shabgah
- School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran; Student Research Committee, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | | | - Alexei Valerievich Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Sana Institute of Higher Education, Faculty of Biology, Department of Genetics, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamshid Gholizadeh Navashenaq
- Student Research Committee, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.
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20
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Long noncoding RNA: a dazzling dancer in tumor immune microenvironment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:231. [PMID: 33148302 PMCID: PMC7641842 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of endogenous, non-protein coding RNAs that are highly linked to various cellular functions and pathological process. Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs participate in crosstalk between tumor and stroma, and reprogramming of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). TIME possesses distinct populations of myeloid cells and lymphocytes to influence the immune escape of cancer, the response to immunotherapy, and the survival of patients. However, hitherto, a comprehensive review aiming at relationship between lncRNAs and TIME is missing. In this review, we focus on the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs within the TIME. Furthermore, we discussed the potential immunotherapeutic strategies based on lncRNAs and their limitations.
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21
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Safarzadeh E, Asadzadeh Z, Safaei S, Hatefi A, Derakhshani A, Giovannelli F, Brunetti O, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. MicroRNAs and lncRNAs-A New Layer of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Regulation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:572323. [PMID: 33133086 PMCID: PMC7562789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.572323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute an important component in regulating immune responses in several abnormal physiological conditions such as cancer. Recently, novel regulatory tumor MDSC biology modulating mechanisms, including differentiation, expansion and function, were defined. There is growing evidence that miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are involved in modulating transcriptional factors to become complex regulatory networks that regulate the MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment. It is possible that aberrant expression of miRNAs and lncRNA contributes to MDSC biological characteristics under pathophysiological conditions. This review provides an overview on miRNAs and lncRNAs epiregulation of MDSCs development and immunosuppressive functions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Safarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahar Safaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Hatefi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Medical Oncology Unit-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Giovannelli
- Medical Oncology Unit-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology (DIMO)-University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Kramer ED, Abrams SI. Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells as Negative Regulators of Anticancer Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1963. [PMID: 32983128 PMCID: PMC7481329 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a critical role in cancer progression and response to therapy. However, the immune system can be compromised during the neoplastic process. Notably, the myeloid lineage, which gives rise to granulocytic cells, including neutrophils, is a well-recognized target of tumor-mediated immune suppression. Ordinarily, granulocytic cells are integral for host defense, but in neoplasia the normal process of granulocyte differentiation (i.e., granulopoiesis) can be impaired leading instead to the formation of granulocytic (or PMN)-myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Such cells comprise various stages of myeloid differentiation and are defined functionally by their highly pro-tumorigenic and immune suppressive activities. Thus, considerable interest has been devoted to impeding the negative contributions of PMN-MDSCs to the antitumor response. Understanding their biology has the potential to unveil novel therapeutic opportunities to hamper PMN-MDSC production in the bone marrow, their mobilization, or their effector functions within the tumor microenvironment and, therefore, bolster anticancer therapies that require a competent myeloid compartment. In this review, we will highlight mechanisms by which the neoplastic process skews granulopoiesis to produce PMN-MDSCs, summarize mechanisms by which they execute their pro-tumorigenic activities and, lastly, underscore strategies to obstruct their role as negative regulators of antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot D Kramer
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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