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Gao J, Chen H, Zhang Y, Yu S, Wu Y, Wang Q, Yu Z. METTL14 knockdown inhibits the pyroptosis in the sepsis-induced acute lung injury through regulating the m6A modification of NLRP3. Exp Lung Res 2023; 49:220-230. [PMID: 38047519 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2023.2288182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Sepsis has become one of the main factors inducing the development of acute lung injury (ALI) in clinical practice. Currently, inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 mediated pyroptosis is the target of multiple drugs in the treatment of sepsis induced ALI. This study aimed to explore the effects of METTL14 on the pyroptosis in the sepsis induced ALI progression.Methods: LPS-stimulated A549 cells and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-treated mice were used to establish the ALI model in vitro and in vivo. Then, the cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. ELISA kits were used to determine the IL-18 and IL-1β contents. Pyroptosis rate was tested by flow cytometry. M6A dot blot was conducted to analyze the global m6A levels and MeRIP assay was performed to detect the m6A levels of NLRP3. The relationship between METTL14 and NLRP3 was confirmed by RIP and dual-luciferase report assays.Results: The global m6A levels were significantly increased in the LPS-stimulated A549 cells and CLP-treated mice. METTL14 knockdown decreased the cell viability, IL-18 and IL-1β contents, and pyroptosis rate of the LPS-stimulated A549 cells. Furthermore, the increase of pyroptosis-related proteins in LPS-stimulated A549 cells was significantly decreased after METTL14 knockdown. Additionally, METTL14 knockdown decreased the m6A and mRNA levels of NLRP3, and NLRP3 overexpression reversed the effects of METTL14 knockdown on the pyroptosis in the LPS-stimulated A549 cells. In CLP-treated mice, METTL14 knockdown relieved the injury and decreased the IL-18 and IL-1β contents in the lung tissues, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that METTL14 knockdown inhibited the pyroptosis in the sepsis-induced ALI progression through decreasing the NLRP3 levels dependent on m6A methylation modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Gao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huizhen Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sun Yu
- Department of EICU, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiyi Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenfei Yu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Albers GJ, Amouret A, Ciupka K, Montes-Cobos E, Feldmann C, Reichardt HM. Glucocorticoid Nanoparticles Show Full Therapeutic Efficacy in a Mouse Model of Acute Lung Injury and Concomitantly Reduce Adverse Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16843. [PMID: 38069173 PMCID: PMC10705980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used to treat inflammatory disorders such as acute lung injury (ALI). Here, we explored inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles (IOH-NPs) as a new delivery vehicle for GCs in a mouse model of ALI. Betamethasone (BMZ) encapsulated into IOH-NPs (BNPs) ameliorated the massive infiltration of neutrophils into the airways with a similar efficacy as the free drug. This was accompanied by a potent inhibition of pulmonary gene expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators, whereas the alveolar-capillary barrier integrity was only restored by BMZ in its traditional form. Experiments with genetically engineered mice identified myeloid cells and alveolar type II (AT II) cells as essential targets of BNPs in ALI therapy, confirming their high cell-type specificity. Consequently, adverse effects were reduced when using IOH-NPs for GC delivery. BNPs did not alter T and B cell numbers in the blood and also prevented the induction of muscle atrophy after three days of treatment. Collectively, our data suggest that IOH-NPs target GCs to myeloid and AT II cells, resulting in full therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of ALI while being associated with reduced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesa J. Albers
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Agathe Amouret
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Ciupka
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Elena Montes-Cobos
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Holger M. Reichardt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Park YJ, Heo J, Kim Y, Cho H, Shim M, Im K, Lim W. Glucocorticoids alleviate particulate matter-induced COX-2 expression and mitochondrial dysfunction through the Bcl-2/GR complex in A549 cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18884. [PMID: 37919369 PMCID: PMC10622527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) causes mitochondrial dysfunction and lung inflammation. The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway is important for inflammation and mitochondrial function. However, the mechanisms by which glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) suppress COX-2 expression during PM exposure have not been elucidated yet. Hence, we examined the mechanisms underlying the dexamethasone-mediated suppression of the PM-induced COX-2/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway in A549 cells. The PM-induced increase in COX-2 protein, mRNA, and promoter activity was suppressed by glucocorticoids; this effect of glucocorticoids was antagonized by the GR antagonist RU486. COX-2 induction was correlated with the ability of PM to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Consistent with this, antioxidant treatment significantly abolished COX-2 induction, suggesting that ROS is involved in PM-mediated COX-2 induction. We also observed a low mitochondrial membrane potential in PM-treated A549 cells, which was reversed by dexamethasone. Moreover, glucocorticoids significantly enhanced Bcl-2/GR complex formation in PM-treated A549 cells. Glucocorticoids regulate the PM-exposed induction of COX-2 expression and mitochondrial dysfunction and increase the interaction between GR and Bcl-2. These findings suggest that the COX-2/PGE2 pathway and the interaction between GR and Bcl-2 are potential key therapeutic targets for the suppression of inflammation under PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Ji Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - June Heo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseong Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongkuk Shim
- BL Healthcare, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16827, South Korea
| | - Kyunghyun Im
- BL Healthcare, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16827, South Korea
| | - Wonchung Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 28503, South Korea.
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Ilias I, Vassiliou AG, Keskinidou C, Vrettou CS, Orfanos S, Kotanidou A, Dimopoulou I. Changes in Cortisol Secretion and Corticosteroid Receptors in COVID-19 and Non COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis/Septic Shock and Scope for Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1801. [PMID: 37509441 PMCID: PMC10376106 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is associated with dysregulated cortisol secretion, leading to abnormal levels of cortisol in the blood. In the early stages of the condition, cortisol levels are typically elevated due to increased secretion from the adrenal glands. However, as the disease progresses, cortisol levels may decline due to impaired adrenal function, leading to relative adrenal insufficiency. The latter is thought to be caused by a combination of factors, including impaired adrenal function, decreased production of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, and increased breakdown of cortisol. The dysregulation of cortisol secretion in sepsis is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease by impairing the body's ability to mount an appropriate inflammatory response. Given the dysregulation of cortisol secretion and corticosteroid receptors in sepsis, there has been considerable interest in the use of steroids as a treatment. However, clinical trials have yielded mixed results and corticosteroid use in sepsis remains controversial. In this review, we will discuss the changes in cortisol secretion and corticosteroid receptors in critically ill patients with sepsis/septic shock. We will also make special note of COVID-19 patients, who presented a recent challenge for ICU management, and explore the scope for corticosteroid administration in both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Ilias
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Elena Venizelou Hospital, GR-11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Alice G Vassiliou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, GR-10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysi Keskinidou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, GR-10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Charikleia S Vrettou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, GR-10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Stylianos Orfanos
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, GR-10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, GR-10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, GR-10676 Athens, Greece
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Wepler M, Preuss JM, Tilp C, Keck M, Blender J, Wachter U, Merz T, Vogt J, Kress S, Gröger M, Hoffmann A, Fink M, Calzia E, Burret U, Radermacher P, Tuckermann JP, Vettorazzi S. Cigarette smoke exposure reduces hemorrhagic shock induced circulatory dysfunction in mice with attenuated glucocorticoid receptor function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:980707. [PMID: 36172380 PMCID: PMC9510589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.980707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionWe previously showed that attenuated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function in mice (GRdim/dim) aggravates systemic hypotension and impairs organ function during endotoxic shock. Hemorrhagic shock (HS) causes impaired organ perfusion, which leads to tissue hypoxia and inflammation with risk of organ failure. Lung co-morbidities like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can aggravate tissue hypoxia via alveolar hypoxia. The most common cause for COPD is cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. Therefore, we hypothesized that affecting GR function in mice (GRdim/dim) and pre-traumatic CS exposure would further impair hemodynamic stability and organ function after HS.MethodsAfter 3 weeks of CS exposure, anesthetized and mechanically ventilated GRdim/dim and GR+/+ mice underwent pressure-controlled HS for 1h via blood withdrawal (mean arterial pressure (MAP) 35mmHg), followed by 4h of resuscitation with re-transfusion of shed blood, colloid fluid infusion and, if necessary, continuous intravenous norepinephrine. Acid–base status and organ function were assessed together with metabolic pathways. Blood and organs were collected at the end of the experiment for analysis of cytokines, corticosterone level, and mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Data is presented as median and interquartile range.ResultsNor CS exposure neither attenuated GR function affected survival. Non-CS GRdim/dim mice had a higher need of norepinephrine to keep target hemodynamics compared to GR+/+ mice. In contrast, after CS exposure norepinephrine need did not differ significantly between GRdim/dim and GR+/+ mice. Non-CS GRdim/dim mice presented with a lower pH and increased blood lactate levels compared to GR+/+ mice, but not CS exposed mice. Also, higher plasma concentrations of some pro-inflammatory cytokines were observed in non-CS GRdim/dim compared to GR+/+ mice, but not in the CS group. With regards to metabolic measurements, CS exposure led to an increased lipolysis in GRdim/dim compared to GR+/+ mice, but not in non-CS exposed animals.ConclusionWhether less metabolic acidosis or increased lipolysis is the reason or the consequence for the trend towards lower catecholamine need in CS exposed GRdim/dim mice warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wepler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Martin Wepler, ; Sabine Vettorazzi,
| | - Jonathan M. Preuss
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Tilp
- Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Martina Keck
- Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Jochen Blender
- Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wachter
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tamara Merz
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Josef Vogt
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sandra Kress
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Gröger
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Hoffmann
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marina Fink
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Enrico Calzia
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ute Burret
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan P. Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Martin Wepler, ; Sabine Vettorazzi,
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6
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Timmermans S, Vandewalle J, Libert C. Dimerization of the Glucocorticoid Receptor and Its Importance in (Patho)physiology: A Primer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040683. [PMID: 35203332 PMCID: PMC8870481 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a very versatile protein that comes in several forms, interacts with many proteins and has multiple functions. Numerous therapies are based on GRs’ actions but the occurrence of side effects and reduced responses to glucocorticoids have motivated scientists to study GRs in great detail. The notion that GRs can perform functions as a monomeric protein, but also as a homodimer has raised questions about the underlying mechanisms, structural aspects of dimerization, influencing factors and biological functions. In this review paper, we are providing an overview of the current knowledge and insights about this important aspect of GR biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Timmermans
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.T.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.T.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.T.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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Preuss JM, Burret U, Gröger M, Kress S, Scheuerle A, Möller P, Tuckermann JP, Wepler M, Vettorazzi S. Impaired Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling Aggravates Lung Injury after Hemorrhagic Shock. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010112. [PMID: 35011674 PMCID: PMC8750862 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that attenuated lung injury after hemorrhagic shock (HS) coincided with enhanced levels of the glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GR) in lung tissue of swine. Here, we investigated the effects of impaired GR signaling on the lung during resuscitated HS using a dysfunctional GR mouse model (GRdim/dim). In a mouse intensive care unit, HS led to impaired lung mechanics and aggravated lung inflammation in GRdim/dim mice compared to wildtype mice (GR+/+). After HS, high levels of the pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic transcription factor STAT1/pSTAT1 were found in lung samples from GRdim/dim mice. Lungs of GRdim/dim mice revealed apoptosis, most likely as consequence of reduced expression of the lung-protective Angpt1 compared to GR+/+ after HS. RNA-sequencing revealed increased expression of pro-apoptotic and cytokine-signaling associated genes in lung tissue of GRdim/dim mice. Furthermore, high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS were found in lungs of GRdim/dim mice. Our results indicate impaired repression of STAT1/pSTAT1 due to dysfunctional GR signaling in GRdim/dim mice, which leads to increased inflammation and apoptosis in the lungs. These data highlight the crucial role of functional GR signaling to attenuate HS-induced lung damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Preuss
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.P.); (U.B.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Ute Burret
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.P.); (U.B.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Michael Gröger
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (M.G.); (S.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Sandra Kress
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (M.G.); (S.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Angelika Scheuerle
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Jan P. Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.P.); (U.B.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Martin Wepler
- Institute for Anesthesiologic Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (M.G.); (S.K.); (M.W.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.P.); (U.B.); (J.P.T.)
- Correspondence:
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Song K, Shi J, Zhan L, Gao Q, Yang J, Dong S, Zhang Y, Yu J. Dexmedetomidine modulates mitochondrial dynamics to protect against endotoxin-induced lung injury via the protein kinase C-ɑ/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway. Biomarkers 2021; 27:159-168. [PMID: 34951550 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.2023219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI) has a high mortality rate, and there are limited effective treatment options available. The aim of the present study was to identify if dexmedetomidine could regulate mitochondrial fusion and fission through the protein kinase C (PKC)-α/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 pathway to protect against endotoxin-induced ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dexmedetomidine was administered by intraperitoneal injection once daily for 3 days prior to induction of lung injury to mice. Mice in the PKC-α inhibitor group received dexmedetomidine by intraperitoneal injection 1 h after each chelerythrine injection, and lipopolysaccharide was injected 1 h after the last dose of dexmedetomidine. The lung wet/dry weight ratio, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and expression levels of PKC-α, Nrf2, HO-1, Mfn1, Mfn2, OPA1, Drp1, and Fis1 were determined. RESULTS Dexmedetomidine administration attenuated lung oxidative stress, decreased inflammatory cytokines secretion, and downregulated the expression levels of Drp1 and Fis1. Moreover, dexmedetomidine increased levels of Mfn1, Mfn2, and OPA1, and alleviated endotoxin-induced lung injury. Administration of chelerythrine partially reversed the pneumoprotective effects of dexmedetomidine. CONCLUSIONS Dexmedetomidine may activate the PKC-ɑ/HO-1 pathway to increase the expression of Mfn1, Mfn2, and OPA1, while decreasing Drp1 and Fis1 expression, thereby reduce endotoxin-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Zhan
- Department of Blood Collection, Tianjin Blood Centre, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiaoying Gao
- Tianjin key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Shuan Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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9
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Song W, Yang X, Wang W, Wang Z, Wu J, Huang F. Sinomenine ameliorates septic acute lung injury in mice by modulating gut homeostasis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor/Nrf2 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174581. [PMID: 34743979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by a host's immune response to infection. Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the most common complications of sepsis with high mortality and morbidity. Recent evidence demonstrated that the 'gut-lung axis' was related to the progression of septic acute lung injury, which regarded gut microbiota and intestinal barrier as two critical factors correlated with acute lung injury. Sinomenine is an isoquinoline alkaloid component extracted from Sinomenium acutum Rehd,et Wils, which has been already reported to have significant anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-arthritis properties. In this research, we observed that sinomenine could repair the lung injury and alleviate inflammatory response induced by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP). Illumine sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that sinomenine could improve the richness of gut microbiota and modulate the composition of intestinal flora in cecum ligation and puncture mice. Meanwhile, sinomenine could reduce the colon pathological damage and improve the intestine barrier integrity in cecum ligation and puncture mice. We also found that the molecular mechanism of sinomenine's protective effect on intestinal tract was related to the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor/nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway both in vivo and vitro experiments. Collectively, the prevention of septic acute lung injury by sinomenine might be mediated by modulating gut microbiota and restoring intestinal barrier via aryl hydrocarbon receptor/Nrf2-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoting Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wanqiu Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengjie Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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10
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Reichardt SD, Amouret A, Muzzi C, Vettorazzi S, Tuckermann JP, Lühder F, Reichardt HM. The Role of Glucocorticoids in Inflammatory Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112921. [PMID: 34831143 PMCID: PMC8616489 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For more than 70 years, glucocorticoids (GCs) have been a powerful and affordable treatment option for inflammatory diseases. However, their benefits do not come without a cost, since GCs also cause side effects. Therefore, strong efforts are being made to improve their therapeutic index. In this review, we illustrate the mechanisms and target cells of GCs in the pathogenesis and treatment of some of the most frequent inflammatory disorders affecting the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal tract, the lung, and the joints, as well as graft-versus-host disease, which often develops after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In addition, an overview is provided of novel approaches aimed at improving GC therapy based on chemical modifications or GC delivery using nanoformulations. GCs remain a topic of highly active scientific research despite being one of the oldest class of drugs in medical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybille D. Reichardt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Agathe Amouret
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Chiara Muzzi
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.V.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Jan P. Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.V.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Fred Lühder
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Holger M. Reichardt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-3963365
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11
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Vettorazzi S, Nalbantoglu D, Gebhardt JCM, Tuckermann J. A guide to changing paradigms of glucocorticoid receptor function-a model system for genome regulation and physiology. FEBS J 2021; 289:5718-5743. [PMID: 34213830 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a bona fide ligand-regulated transcription factor. Cloned in the 80s, the GR has become one of the best-studied and clinically most relevant members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Cooperative activity of GR with other transcription factors and a plethora of coregulators contribute to the tissue- and context-specific response toward the endogenous and pharmacological glucocorticoids (GCs). Furthermore, nontranscriptional activities in the cytoplasm are emerging as an additional function of GR. Over the past 40 years, the concepts of GR mechanisms of action had been constantly changing. Different methodologies in the pregenomic and genomic era of molecular biological research and recent cutting-edge technology in single-cell and single-molecule analysis are steadily evolving the views, how the GR in particular and transcriptional regulation in general act in physiological and pathological processes. In addition to the development of technologies for GR analysis, the use of model organisms provides insights how the GR in vivo executes GC action in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and energy metabolism. The model organisms, namely the mouse, but also rats, zebrafish, and recently fruit flies carrying mutations of the GR became a major driving force to analyze the molecular function of GR in disease models. This guide provides an overview of the exciting research and paradigm shifts in the GR field from past to present with a focus on GR transcription factor networks, GR DNA-binding and single-cell analysis, and model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Germany
| | - Denis Nalbantoglu
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Germany
| | | | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Germany
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12
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Preuss JM, Burret U, Vettorazzi S. Multiplex Fluorescent Bead-Based Immunoassay for the Detection of Cytokines, Chemokines, and Growth Factors. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2261:247-262. [PMID: 33420994 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1186-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The comprehensive analysis of serum cytokine levels can be challenging due to low sample volumes and time consuming when using single-target methods like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bead-based detection systems allow the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes using minimal sample volumes. Here we describe the use of a multiplex cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor assay for mouse cytokines in a 96-well format. This assay is based on antibody-coupled fluorescent magnetic beads combined with biotinylated secondary detection antibody followed by fluorescent-tagged streptavidin in a sandwich-like composition. Final assay readout provides the concentrations of 23 different cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in up to 76 samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Preuss
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Ute Burret
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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13
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Wepler M, Preuss JM, Merz T, McCook O, Radermacher P, Tuckermann JP, Vettorazzi S. Impact of downstream effects of glucocorticoid receptor dysfunction on organ function in critical illness-associated systemic inflammation. Intensive Care Med Exp 2020; 8:37. [PMID: 33336296 PMCID: PMC7746781 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-020-00325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are stress hormones that regulate developmental and physiological processes and are among the most potent anti-inflammatory drugs to suppress chronic and acute inflammation. GCs act through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a ubiquitously expressed ligand-activated transcription factor, which translocates into the nucleus and can act via two different modes, as a GR monomer or as a GR dimer. These two modes of action are not clearly differentiated in practice and may lead to completely different therapeutic outcomes. Detailed aspects of GR mechanisms are often not taken into account when GCs are used in different clinical scenarios. Patients, with critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency, treated with natural or synthetic GCs are still missing a clearly defined therapeutic strategy. This review discusses the different modes of GR function and its importance on organ function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wepler
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. .,Department of Anesthesia, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Jonathan M Preuss
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tamara Merz
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Oscar McCook
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan P Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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14
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Zhang C, Liao Y, Liu Z, Zeng L, Peng Z, Liao J, Yang Z. Mapping the Multi-Organ miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in LPS-Mediated Endotoxemic Mice: Exploring the Shared Underlying Key Genes and Mechanisms. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:573327. [PMID: 33330617 PMCID: PMC7732439 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.573327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To this day, the molecular mechanism of endotoxin-induced multi-organ failure has not been completely clarified. This study aimed to construct an miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and identify main pathways and key genes in multi-organ of LPS-mediated endotoxemic mice. Methods Public datasets from six mRNA and three miRNA microarray datasets were downloaded from the GEO website to screen final differentially expressed genes (FDEGs) and hub genes in the heart, lung, liver, and kidney of LPS-mediated endotoxemic mice. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis of FDEGs was used to identify the main pathways in multi-organ damage of LPS-treated mice. Finally, hub genes of each organ were intersected to obtain the key genes of multi-organ. Results Firstly, 158, 358, 299, and 91 FDEGs were identified in the heart, lung, liver, and kidney, respectively. The pathway enrichment analysis of the FDEGs then showed that the TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and some viral-infection-related pathways (influenza A, measles, and herpes simplex) were the main pathways in multi-organ damage of LPS-mediated endotoxemic mice. Moreover, miRNA-mRNA or PPI regulatory networks were constructed based on FDEGs. According to these networks, 31, 34, 34, and 31 hub genes were identified in the heart, lung, liver, and kidney, respectively. Among them, nine key genes (Cd274, Cxcl1, Cxcl9, Icam1, Ifit2, Isg15, Stat1, Tlr2, and Usp18) were enriched in Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and chemokine signaling pathway. Finally, seven potential drugs were predicted based on these key genes. Conclusion The shared underlying molecular pathways in endotoxin-induced multi-organ damage that have been identified include Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. Besides, nine key genes (Cd274, Cxcl1, Cxcl9, Icam1, Ifit2, Isg15, Stat1, Tlr2, and Usp18) and seven potential drugs were identified. Our data provide a new sight and potential target for future therapy in endotoxemia-induced multi-organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liao
- Department of Medical, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijin Zeng
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Peng
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinli Liao
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
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15
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Yang M, Chen J, Wei W. Dimerization of glucocorticoid receptors and its role in inflammation and immune responses. Pharmacol Res 2020; 166:105334. [PMID: 33276107 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) plays an irreplaceable role in inflammation and immune responses, fat metabolism and sugar metabolism, it is often used for the treatment of asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and allergic rhinitis clinically, but long-term or high-dose use will produce adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Its biological action is mediated by glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), of which the oligomerization state is closely related to the target gene of which the GRs act. A leading hypothesis is that the beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of GCs occur through the transrepression mechanism mediated by GR monomers, while ADRs may be dependent on the transactivation mechanism mediated by GR dimers. However, in recent years, multiple studies have shown that the transactivation and transrepression functions of the GR dimer also confer anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, some studies have shown that some selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists and modulators (SEGRAMs) have good separation characteristics (i.e., preferentially mediate the transrepression of proinflammatory genes or preferentially activate anti-inflammatory target genes). This article reviewed the formation of GR dimers, the role of GR dimers in the inflammation and immune responses, and the progress of SEGRAMs to provide novel ideas for further understanding the anti-inflammatory mechanism of GR and the development of SEGRAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China.
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16
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Vandewalle J, Libert C. Glucocorticoids in Sepsis: To Be or Not to Be. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1318. [PMID: 32849493 PMCID: PMC7396579 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a highly lethal syndrome resulting from dysregulated immune and metabolic responses to infection, thereby compromising host homeostasis. Activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and subsequently adrenocortical glucocorticoid (GC) production during sepsis are important regulatory processes to maintain homeostasis. Multiple preclinical studies have proven the pivotal role of endogenous GCs in tolerance against sepsis by counteracting several of the sepsis characteristics, such as excessive inflammation, vascular defects, and hypoglycemia. Sepsis is however often complicated by dysfunction of the HPA axis, resulting from critical-illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) and GC resistance. Therefore, GCs have been tested as an adjunctive therapy in sepsis and septic shock in different randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Nonetheless, these studies produced conflicting results. Interestingly, adding vitamin C and thiamin to GC therapy enhances the effects of GCs, probably by reducing GC resistance, and this results in an impressive reduction in sepsis mortality as was shown in two recent preliminary retrospective before–after studies. Multiple RCTs are currently underway to validate this new combination therapy in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Vandewalle
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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17
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Merz T, Denoix N, Wigger D, Waller C, Wepler M, Vettorazzi S, Tuckermann J, Radermacher P, McCook O. The Role of Glucocorticoid Receptor and Oxytocin Receptor in the Septic Heart in a Clinically Relevant, Resuscitated Porcine Model With Underlying Atherosclerosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:299. [PMID: 32477273 PMCID: PMC7239997 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is not resolved to date and comprises inflammation, barrier dysfunction and oxidative stress. Disease-associated reduction of tissue cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) expression, an endogenous H2S-producing enzyme, is associated with oxidative stress, barrier dysfunction and organ injury. CSE-mediated cardio-protection has been suggested to be related the upregulation of oxytocin receptor (OTR). CSE can also mediate glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling, which is important for normal heart function. A sepsis-related loss of cardiac CSE expression associated with impaired organ function has been reported previously. The aim of this current post hoc study was to investigate the role of cardiac GR and OTR after polymicrobial sepsis in a clinically relevant, resuscitated, atherosclerotic porcine model. Anesthetized and instrumented FBM (Familial Hypercholesterolemia Bretoncelles Meishan) pigs with high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis underwent poly-microbial septic shock (n = 8) or sham procedure (n = 5), and subsequently received intensive care therapy with fluid and noradrenaline administration for 24 h. Cardiac protein expression and mRNA levels were analyzed. Systemic troponin, a marker of cardiac injury, was significantly increased in septic animals in contrast to sham, whereas OTR and GR expression in septic hearts were reduced, along with a down-regulation of anti-inflammatory GR target genes and the antioxidant transcription factor NRF2. These results suggest a potential interplay between GR, CSE, and OTR in sepsis-mediated oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Merz
- Ulm University Medical Center, Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tamara Merz
| | - Nicole Denoix
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniela Wigger
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christiane Waller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Nuremberg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Martin Wepler
- Ulm University Medical Center, Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm, Germany
- Clinic for Anesthesia, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Ulm University Medical Center, Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm, Germany
| | - Oscar McCook
- Ulm University Medical Center, Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm, Germany
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