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Xu X, Yan SL, Yo YT, Chiang P, Tsai CY, Lin LL, Qin A. A Novel Monoclonal Antibody against PD-1 for the Treatment of Viral Oncogene-Induced Tumors or Other Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3052. [PMID: 39272910 PMCID: PMC11393876 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16173052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) interact to form an immune checkpoint fostering viral infection and viral oncogene-induced tumorigenesis. We generated a novel anti-human PD-1, humanized monoclonal antibody P1801 and investigated its pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic properties. In vitro binding assays revealed that P1801 uniquely binds to human PD-1 and inhibits its interaction with PD-L1/2. It showed a minor effect on the induction of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). P1801 significantly induced the release of IL-2 from activated T-cells but not from nonactivated T-cells. A dose-dependent linear PK profile was observed for the cynomolgus monkeys treated with repeated doses of P1801 at 5 mg/kg to 200 mg/kg once weekly. A four-week repeat-dose toxicity study revealed that P1801 given weekly was safe and well tolerated at doses ranging from 5 to 200 mg/kg/dose. No pathological abnormalities were noted. In humanized PD-1 mice harboring human PD-L1-expressing colon tumor cells, P1801 administered intraperitoneally twice per week at 12 mg/kg significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival. P1801 displayed unique binding properties different from pembrolizumab and nivolumab. Therefore, it showed distinctive immunological reactions and significant antitumor activities. We are initiating a Phase 1 clinical study to test its combination use with ropeginterferon alfa-2b, which also has antiviral and antitumor activities, for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xu
- Research Department, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Long Yan
- Research Department, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Te Yo
- Research Department, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Peiyu Chiang
- Research Department, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Tsai
- Medical Research & Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ling Lin
- Research Department, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Albert Qin
- Medical Research & Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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2
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Zhang X, Wu Y, Lin J, Lu S, Lu X, Cheng A, Chen H, Zhang W, Luan X. Insights into therapeutic peptides in the cancer-immunity cycle: Update and challenges. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:3818-3833. [PMID: 39309492 PMCID: PMC11413705 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies hold immense potential for achieving durable potency and long-term survival opportunities in cancer therapy. As vital biological mediators, peptides with high tissue penetration and superior selectivity offer significant promise for enhancing cancer immunotherapies (CITs). However, physicochemical peptide features such as conformation and stability pose challenges to their on-target efficacy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in therapeutic peptides targeting key steps of the cancer-immunity cycle (CIC), including tumor antigen presentation, immune cell regulation, and immune checkpoint signaling. Particular attention is given to the opportunities and challenges associated with these peptides in boosting CIC within the context of clinical progress. Furthermore, possible future developments in this field are also discussed to provide insights into emerging CITs with robust efficacy and safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiayi Lin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shengxin Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinchen Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Aoyu Cheng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science &, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research and Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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3
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Hwang JK, Marston DJ, Wrapp D, Li D, Tuyishime M, Brackenridge S, Rhodes B, Quastel M, Kapingidza AB, Gater J, Harner A, Wang Y, Rountree W, Ferrari G, Borrow P, McMichael AJ, Gillespie GM, Haynes BF, Azoitei ML. A high affinity monoclonal antibody against HLA-E-VL9 enhances natural killer cell anti-tumor killing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.08.602401. [PMID: 39026709 PMCID: PMC11257447 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.08.602401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells kill target cells following triggering via germline-encoded receptors interacting with target cell-expressed ligands (direct killing), or via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by FcγRIIIa. NK cytotoxicity is modulated by signaling through activating or inhibitory receptors. A major checkpoint is mediated by the NK inhibitory receptor NKG2A/CD94 and its target cell ligand, HLA-E, which is complexed with HLA signal sequence-derived peptides termed VL9 (HLA-E-VL9). We have previously reported the isolation of a murine HLA-E-VL9-specific IgM antibody 3H4 and the generation of a higher affinity IgG version (3H4v3). Here we have used phage display library selection to generate a high affinity version of 3H4v3, called 3H4v31, with an ∼700 fold increase in binding affinity. We show using an HLA-E-VL9+ K562 tumor model that, in vitro, the addition of 3H4v31 to target cells increased direct killing of targets by CD16-negative NK cell line NK-92 and also mediated ADCC by NK-92 cells transfected with CD16. Moreover, ADCC by primary NK cells was also enhanced in vitro by 3H4v31. 3H4v31 was also able to bind and enhance target cell lysis of endogenously expressed HLA-E-VL9 on human cervical cancer and human pancreatic cancer cell lines. In vivo, 3H4v31 slowed the growth rate of HLA-E-VL9+ K562 tumors implanted into NOD/SCID/IL2rγ null mice compared to isotype control when injected with NK-92 cells intratumorally. Together, these data demonstrate that mAb 3H4v31 can enhance NK cell killing of HLA-E-VL9-expressing tumor cells in vitro by both direct killing activity and by ADCC. Moreover, mAb 3H4v31 can enhance NK cell control of tumor growth in vivo. We thus identify HLA-E-VL9 monoclonal antibodies as a promising novel anti-tumor immunotherapy. One Sentence Summary A high affinity monoclonal antibody against HLA-E-VL9 enhances natural killer cell anti-tumor killing by checkpoint inhibition and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
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Xie YJ, Tian S, Huang M, Lu LL, Liu ZQ, Chen JH, Fan XX. Depletion of regulatory T cells enhancing the anti-tumor effect of in situ vaccination in solid tumors. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107174. [PMID: 38580185 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the clinical treatment for tumor. However, the low response rate of ICIs remains the major obstacle for curing patients and effective approaches for patients with primary or secondary resistance to ICIs remain lacking. In this study, immune stimulating agent unmethylated CG-enriched (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) was locally injected into the tumor to trigger a robust immune response to eradicate cancer cells, while anti-CD25 antibody was applied to remove immunosuppressive regulatory T cells, which further enhanced the host immune activity to attack tumor systematically. The combination of CpG and anti-CD25 antibody obtained notable regression in mouse melanoma model. Furthermore, rechallenge of tumor cells in the xenograft model has resulted in smaller tumor volume, which demonstrated that the combinational treatment enhanced the activity of memory T cells. Remarkably, this combinational therapy presented significant efficacy on multiple types of tumors as well and was able to prevent relapse of tumor partially. Taken together, our combinational immunotherapy provides a new avenue to enhance the clinical outcomes of patients who are insensitive or resistant to ICIs treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Sha Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Lin-Lin Lu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hui Chen
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
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Liao J, Pan H, Huang G, Gong H, Chen Z, Yin T, Zhang B, Chen T, Zheng M, Cai L. T cell cascade regulation initiates systemic antitumor immunity through living drug factory of anti-PD-1/IL-12 engineered probiotics. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114086. [PMID: 38598335 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer therapy but only works in a subset of patients due to the insufficient infiltration, persistent exhaustion, and inactivation of T cells within a tumor. Herein, we develop an engineered probiotic (interleukin [IL]-12 nanoparticle Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 [INP-EcN]) acting as a living drug factory to biosynthesize anti-PD-1 and release IL-12 for initiating systemic antitumor immunity through T cell cascade regulation. Mechanistically, INP-EcN not only continuously biosynthesizes anti-PD-1 for relieving immunosuppression but also effectively cascade promote T cell activation, proliferation, and infiltration via responsive release of IL-12, thus reaching a sufficient activation threshold to ICB. Tumor targeting and colonization of INP-EcNs dramatically increase local drug accumulations, significantly inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis compared to commercial inhibitors. Furthermore, immune profiling reveals that anti-PD-1/IL-12 efficiently cascade promote antitumor effects in a CD8+ T cell-dependent manner, clarifying the immune interaction of ICB and cytokine activation. Ultimately, such engineered probiotics achieve a potential paradigm shift from T cell exhaustion to activation and show considerable promise for antitumor bio-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Guojun Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Han Gong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ze Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ting Yin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Baozhen Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Mingbin Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China; National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China.
| | - Lintao Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China; Sino-Euro Center of Biomedicine and Health, Luohu Shenzhen 518024, China.
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Yang Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Gao J, Meng Y, Wang S, Zhao X, Tang C, Yang W, Li Y, Bao J, Fan X, Tang J, Yang J, Wu C, Qin M, Wang L. The regulatory relationship between NAMPT and PD-L1 in cancer and identification of a dual-targeting inhibitor. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:885-903. [PMID: 38448544 PMCID: PMC11018795 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Although both tumor metabolism and tumor immune microenvironment are recognized as driving factors in tumorigenesis, the relationship between them is still not well-known, and potential combined targeting approaches remain to be identified. Here, we demonstrated a negative correlation between the expression of NAMPT, an NAD+ metabolism enzyme, and PD-L1 expression in various cancer cell lines. A clinical study showed that a NAMPTHigh PD-L1Low expression pattern predicts poor prognosis in patients with various cancers. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of NAMPT results in the transcription upregulation of PD-L1 by SIRT-mediated acetylation change of NF-κB p65, and blocking PD-L1 would induce NAMPT expression through a HIF-1-dependent glycolysis pathway. Based on these findings, we designed and synthesized a dual NAMPT/PD-L1 targeting compound, LZFPN-90, which inhibits cell growth in a NAMPT-dependent manner and blocks the cell cycle, subsequently inducing apoptosis. Under co-culture conditions, LZFPN-90 treatment contributes to the proliferation and activation of T cells and blocks the growth of cancer cells. Using mice bearing genetically manipulated tumors, we confirmed that LZFPN-90 exerted target-dependent antitumor activities, affecting metabolic processes and the immune system. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the relevance of NAD+-related metabolic processes in antitumor immunity and suggest that co-targeting NAD+ metabolism and PD-L1 represents a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Zefei Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yidong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Jiwei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Yangyang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Simeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoyao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Chengfang Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Weiming Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Yingjia Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Jie Bao
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
| | - Xinyu Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jing Tang
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China
| | - Mingze Qin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China.
- Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, PR China.
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7
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Black PC, Eigl BJ. The Evolving Role of PD-(L)1 Inhibition in Optimizing Outcomes for High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC): A Podcast. Adv Ther 2024; 41:915-927. [PMID: 38302847 PMCID: PMC10879400 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02763-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Level 6, 2775 Laurel St, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - Bernhard J Eigl
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Level 6, 2775 Laurel St, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of British Columbia, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
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8
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Li T, Guo L, Li J, Mu X, Liu L, Song S, Luo N, Zhang Q, Zheng B, Jin G. Precision USPIO-PEG-SLe x Nanotheranostic Agent Targeted Photothermal Therapy for Enhanced Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy to Treat Immunotherapy Resistance. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1249-1272. [PMID: 38348177 PMCID: PMC10859766 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s445879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The anti-Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (termed aPD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade therapy has emerged as a promising treatment approach for various advanced solid tumors. However, the effect of aPD-L1 inhibitors limited by the tumor microenvironment makes most patients exhibit immunotherapy resistance. Methods We conjugated the Sialyl Lewis X with a polyethylene glycol-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO-PEG) to form UPS nanoparticles (USPIO-PEG-SLex, termed UPS). The physicochemical properties of UPS were tested and characterized. Transmission electron microscopy and ICP-OES were used to observe the cellular uptake and targeting ability of UPS. Flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential staining, live-dead staining and scratch assay were used to verify the in vitro photothermal effect of UPS, and the stimulation of UPS on immune-related pathways at the gene level was analyzed by sequencing. Biological safety analysis and pharmacokinetic analysis of UPS were performed. Finally, the amplification effect of UPS-mediated photothermal therapy on aPD-L1-mediated immunotherapy and the corresponding mechanism were studied. Results In vitro experiments showed that UPS had strong photothermal therapy ability and was able to stimulate 5 immune-related pathways. In vivo, when the PTT assisted aPD-L1 treatment, it exhibited a significant increase in CD4+ T cell infiltration by 14.46-fold and CD8+ T cell infiltration by 14.79-fold, along with elevated secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, comparing with alone aPD-L1. This PTT assisted aPD-L1 therapy achieved a significant inhibition of both primary tumors and distant tumors compared to the alone aPD-L1, demonstrating a significant difference. Conclusion The nanotheranostic agent UPS has been introduced into immunotherapy, which has effectively broadened its application in biomedicine. This photothermal therapeutic approach of the UPS nanotheranostic agent enhancing the efficacy of aPD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy, can be instructive to address the challenges associated with immunotherapy resistance, thereby offering potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianshan Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxu Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Graduate School, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Mu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shulin Song
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningbin Luo
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanqiao Jin
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Ford CT. PD-1 Targeted Antibody Discovery Using AI Protein Diffusion. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241275947. [PMID: 39228166 PMCID: PMC11375674 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241275947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1, CD279) is an important therapeutic target in many oncological diseases. This checkpoint protein inhibits T lymphocytes from attacking other cells in the body and thus blocking it improves the clearance of tumor cells by the immune system. While there are already multiple FDA-approved anti-PD-1 antibodies, including nivolumab (Opdivo® from Bristol-Myers Squibb) and pembrolizumab (Keytruda® from Merck), there are ongoing efforts to discover new and improved checkpoint inhibitor therapeutics. In this study, we present multiple anti-PD-1 antibody fragments that were derived computationally using protein diffusion and evaluated through our scalable, in silico pipeline. Here we present nine synthetic Fv structures that are suitable for further empirical testing of their anti-PD-1 activity due to desirable predicted binding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colby T Ford
- Tuple LLC, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Center for Computational Intelligence to Predict Health and Environmental Risks (CIPHER), University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
- School of Data Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
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10
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Parvez A, Choudhary F, Mudgal P, Khan R, Qureshi KA, Farooqi H, Aspatwar A. PD-1 and PD-L1: architects of immune symphony and immunotherapy breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1296341. [PMID: 38106415 PMCID: PMC10722272 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1296341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PD-1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein-1) and PD-L1 (Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1) play a crucial role in regulating the immune system and preventing autoimmunity. Cancer cells can manipulate this system, allowing them to escape immune detection and promote tumor growth. Therapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have transformed cancer treatment and have demonstrated significant effectiveness against various cancer types. This study delves into the structure and signaling dynamics of PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1/PD-L2, the diverse PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and their efficacy, and the resistance observed in some patients. Furthermore, this study explored the challenges associated with the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment approach. Recent advancements in the combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical procedures to enhance patient outcomes have also been highlighted. Overall, this study offers an in-depth overview of the significance of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy and its future implications in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Parvez
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Furqan Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyal Mudgal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahila Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaira Farooqi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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11
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Jin T, Wang W, Ge L, Li X, Ge M. The expression of two immunosuppressive SIGLEC family molecules in papillary thyroid cancer and their effect on prognosis. Endocrine 2023; 82:590-601. [PMID: 37480496 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03452-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thyroid cancer (THCA) subtype that occurs more frequently is papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Despite a favorable postoperative outcome, traditional antitumor therapy does not offer ideal results for patients with metastasis, relapse, and radioiodine resistance. Recent studies demonstrated the remarkable effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on solid tumors, of which the immunoglobulin superfamily member SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 act as novel immunotherapy targets for tumors. Nevertheless, their role in PTC prognosis is still indefinite. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was utilized to examine the expression of SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 in 244 PTC tissue specimens. Then the expression correlation between the two was analyzed in normal tissues (NT), tumor cells (TC), and tumor stroma (TS), respectively. Subsequently, the retrospective data on patients with PTC were collected to examine whether the two immunosuppressive SIGLEC family members could affect their prognosis. RESULTS We confirmed that TC expressed higher levels of SIGLEC10 than NT. However, SIGLEC10 was down-regulated in TS and predicted poor outcomes. Meanwhile, down-regulation of SIGLEC15 expression was observed in both TC and TS, indicating a favorable prognosis. PTC patients with both SIGLEC10-SIGLEC15+ expression in TC and TS had a significantly higher recurrence risk. The expression of SIGLEC10 in TS and SIGLEC15 in TC or TS was an independent predictor of PFS, and a positive correlation was shown between SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 expression in TS. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, our results indicate that SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 may be applied as significant prognostic markers for PTC and attractive targets for THCA immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiefeng Jin
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Luqi Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Minghua Ge
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
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12
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Correa-Lara MVM, Lara-Vega I, Nájera-Martínez M, Domínguez-López ML, Reyes-Maldonado E, Vega-López A. Tumor-Infiltrating iNKT Cells Activated through c-Kit/Sca-1 Are Induced by Pentoxifylline, Norcantharidin, and Their Mixtures for Killing Murine Melanoma Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1472. [PMID: 37895943 PMCID: PMC10610189 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of NK and other cytotoxic cells is considered the first defense line against cancer. However, a significant lack of information prevails on the possible roles played by factors considered characteristic of primitive cells, such as c-kit and Sca-1, in activating these cells, particularly in melanoma models subjected to treatments with substances under investigation, such as the case of norcantharidin. In this study, B16F1 murine melanoma cells were used to induce tumors in DBA/2 mice, estimating the proportions of NK and iNKT cells; the presence of activation (CD107a+) and primitive/activation (c-kit+/Lya6A+) markers and some tumor parameters, such as the presence of mitotic bodies, nuclear factor area, NK and iNKT cell infiltration in the tumor, infiltrated tumor area, and infiltrating lymphocyte count at 10x and 40x in specimens treated with pentoxifylline, norcantharidin, and the combination of both drugs. Possible correlations were estimated with Pearson's correlation analysis. It should be noted that, despite having demonstrated multiple correlations, immaturity/activation markers were related to these cells' activation. At the tumor site, iNKT cells are the ones that exert the cytotoxic potential on tumor cells, but they are confined to specific sites in the tumor. Due to the higher number of interactions of natural killer cells with tumor cells, it is concluded that the most effective treatment was PTX at 60 mg/kg + NCTD at 0.75 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano V. M. Correa-Lara
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07738, Mexico (M.N.-M.)
| | - Israel Lara-Vega
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07738, Mexico (M.N.-M.)
| | - Minerva Nájera-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07738, Mexico (M.N.-M.)
| | - María Lilia Domínguez-López
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica I, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Mexico City CP 11340, Mexico
| | - Elba Reyes-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Hemopatología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Mexico City CP 11340, Mexico
| | - Armando Vega-López
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07738, Mexico (M.N.-M.)
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13
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Hu Z, Li W, Chen S, Chen D, Xu R, Zheng D, Yang X, Li S, Zhou X, Niu X, Xiao Y, He Z, Li H, Liu J, Sui X, Gao Y. Design of a novel chimeric peptide via dual blockade of CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 for cancer immunotherapy. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2310-2328. [PMID: 37115491 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibition has been shown to effectively activate antitumor immunity in various tumor types, only a small subset of patients can benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. CD47 expressed on tumor cells protects them from phagocytosis through interaction with SIRPα on macrophages, while PD-L1 dampens T cell-mediated tumor killing. Therefore, dual targeting PD-L1 and CD47 may improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. A chimeric peptide Pal-DMPOP was designed by conjugating the double mutation of CD47/SIRPα blocking peptide (DMP) with the truncation of PD-1/PD-L1 blocking peptide OPBP-1(8-12) and was modified by a palmitic acid tail. Pal-DMPOP can significantly enhance macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of tumor cells and activate primary T cells to secret IFN-γ in vitro. Due to its superior hydrolysis-resistant activity as well as tumor tissue and lymph node targeting properties, Pal-DMPOP elicited stronger anti-tumor potency than Pal-DMP or OPBP-1(8-12) in immune-competent MC38 tumor-bearing mice. The in vivo anti-tumor activity was further validated in the colorectal CT26 tumor model. Furthermore, Pal-DMPOP mobilized macrophage and T-cell anti-tumor responses with minimal toxicity. Overall, the first bispecific CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 dual-blockade chimeric peptide was designed and exhibited synergistic anti-tumor efficacy via CD8+ T cell activation and macrophage-mediated immune response. The strategy could pave the way for designing effective therapeutic agents for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Wanqiong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Shaomeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Danhong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Ran Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Danlu Zheng
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Youmei Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhuoying He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Huihao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xinghua Sui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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14
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Yang J, Kang H, Lyu L, Xiong W, Hu Y. A target map of clinical combination therapies in oncology: an analysis of clinicaltrials.gov. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:151. [PMID: 37603124 PMCID: PMC10441974 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00758-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapies have taken center stage for cancer treatment, however, there is a lack of a comprehensive portrait to quantitatively map the current clinical combination progress. This study aims to capture clinical combination therapies of the validated FDA-approved new oncology drugs by a macro data analysis and to summarize combination mechanisms and strategies in the context of the existing literature. A total of 72 new molecular entities or new therapeutic biological products for cancer treatment approved by the FDA from 2017 to 2021 were identified, and the data on their related 3334 trials were retrieved from the database of ClinicalTrials.gov. Moreover, these sampled clinical trials were refined by activity status and combination relevance and labeled with the relevant clinical arms and drug combinations, as well as drug targets and target pairs. Combination therapies are increasingly prevalent in clinical trials of new oncology drugs. From retrospective work, existing clinical combination therapies in oncology are driven by different patterns (i.e., rational design and industry trends). The former can be represented by mechanism-based or structure-based combinations, such as targeting different domains of HER2 protein or in-series co-targeting in RAF plus MEK inhibitors. The latter is an empirically driven strategy, including redundant combinations in hot targets, such as PD-1/PD-L1, PI3K, CDK4/6, and PARP. Because of an explosion in the number of clinical trials and the resultant shortage of available patients, it is essential to rationally design drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Heming Kang
- DPM, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Room 1049, E12, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Liyang Lyu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
- DPM, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Room 1049, E12, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
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15
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Won S, Lee C, Bae S, Lee J, Choi D, Kim M, Song S, Lee J, Kim E, Shin H, Basukala A, Lee TR, Lee D, Gho YS. Mass-produced gram-negative bacterial outer membrane vesicles activate cancer antigen-specific stem-like CD8 + T cells which enables an effective combination immunotherapy with anti-PD-1. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12357. [PMID: 37563797 PMCID: PMC10415594 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the capability of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to induce potent anti-tumour responses, large-scale production of bacterial EVs remains as a hurdle for their development as novel cancer immunotherapeutic agents. Here, we developed manufacturing processes for mass production of Escherichia coli EVs, namely, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). By combining metal precipitation and size-exclusion chromatography, we isolated 357 mg in total protein amount of E. coli OMVs, which was equivalent to 3.93 × 1015 particles (1.10 × 1010 particles/μg in total protein amounts of OMVs) from 160 L of the conditioned medium. We show that these mass-produced E. coli OMVs led to complete remission of two mouse syngeneic tumour models. Further analysis of tumour microenvironment in neoantigen-expressing tumour models revealed that E. coli OMV treatment causes increased infiltration and activation of CD8+ T cells, especially those of cancer antigen-specific CD8+ T cells with high expression of TCF-1 and PD-1. Furthermore, E. coli OMVs showed synergistic anti-tumour activity with anti-PD-1 antibody immunotherapy, inducing substantial tumour growth inhibition and infiltration of activated cancer antigen-specific stem-like CD8+ T cells into the tumour microenvironment. These data highlight the potent anti-tumour activities of mass-produced E. coli OMVs as a novel candidate for developing next-generation cancer immunotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solchan Won
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Seoyoon Bae
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECHPohangRepublic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Lee
- SL Bigen Inc.IncheonRepublic of Korea
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECHPohangRepublic of Korea
| | - Dongsic Choi
- Department of BiochemistrySoonchunhyang University College of MedicineCheonanRepublic of Korea
| | - Min‐Gang Kim
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | | | | | - Eunhye Kim
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - HaYoung Shin
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECHPohangRepublic of Korea
| | - Anita Basukala
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECHPohangRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Dong‐Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yong Song Gho
- SL Bigen Inc.IncheonRepublic of Korea
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECHPohangRepublic of Korea
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16
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Yan S, Yue Z, Zhang P, Yuan L, Wang H, Yin F, Ju L, Chen L, Cai W, Ni Y, Wu J. Case report: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: a rare case and review of the literature. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1192998. [PMID: 37476617 PMCID: PMC10354642 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1192998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (IPT-like FDCS) is a rare subtype of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) that primarily occurs in the liver and spleen. The etiology of IPT-like FDCS is unknown, and it has nonspecific clinical manifestations, imaging performance and laboratory test results. Recently, a patient with IPT-like FDCS was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal distension and anemia. Over the past 3 years, the patient has been followed up after a liver mass was found in a physical examination. The lesion gradually enlarged and caused compression symptoms. In November 2022, a tumor with a diameter of approximately 20 cm was found in the right posterior lobe of the liver after abdominal enhanced Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in our hospital. Liver tumor biopsy before the operation revealed a large number of hyperplastic plasma cells and a small number of spindle cells, and the spindle cells were atypical. After a complete examination, the patient underwent liver resection. Pathology after surgery confirmed liver IPT-like FDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yan
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yue
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuxia Yuan
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huixuan Wang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Nail and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linglin Ju
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Ni
- Department of Nail and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinzhu Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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17
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Carreira LD, Oliveira RI, Moreira VM, Salvador JAR. Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7): an emerging drug target for cancer treatment. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:1043-1058. [PMID: 37789645 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2266571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) also known as herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease (HAUSP) is a well-characterized cysteine protease that belongs to the largest subfamily of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). It is involved in multiple signaling pathways, some of them dysregulated in malignant tumors. USP7 inhibition can lead to cell growth arrest and apoptosis through inhibition of tumor promoters and stabilization of tumor suppressors, making it a promising druggable target for cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED This review covers the structure of USP7, its function in multiple signaling pathways and relevance in cancer, as well as recent advances and future perspectives in the development of USP7 inhibitors for cancer therapy. EXPERT OPINION Literature reports display the multiple antitumor activities of USP7 inhibitors, both in vitro and in vivo. Nonetheless, none have entered clinical trials so far, highlighting the need to delve into a deeper understanding of USP7 binding sites and the development of more accurate compound screening methods. Despite these challenges, further development of USP7 inhibitors is promising as a valuable new approach for cancer treatment, including the ability to address chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Carreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita I Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vânia M Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge A R Salvador
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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18
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Dulal D, Boring A, Terrero D, Johnson T, Tiwari AK, Raman D. Tackling of Immunorefractory Tumors by Targeting Alternative Immune Checkpoints. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2774. [PMID: 37345111 PMCID: PMC10216651 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiologically, well known or traditional immune checkpoints (ICs), such as CTLA-4 and PD-1, are in place to promote tolerance to self-antigens and prevent generation of autoimmunity. In cancer, the ICs are effectively engaged by the tumor cells or stromal ells from the tumor microenvironment through expression of cognate ligands for the ICs present on the cell surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes. The ligation of ICs on CD8+ T lymphocytes triggers inhibitory signaling pathways, leading to quiescence or an exhaustion of CD8+ T lymphocytes. This results in failure of immunotherapy. To overcome this, several FDA-approved therapeutic antibodies are available, but the clinical outcome is quite variable due to the resistance encountered through upregulated expression of alternate ICs such as VISTA, LAG-3, TIGIT and TIM-3. This review focuses on the roles played by the traditional as well as alternate ICs and the contribution of associated signaling pathways in generating such resistance to immunotherapy. Combinatorial targeting of traditional and alternate ICs might be beneficial for immune-refractory tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmindra Dulal
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.K.T.)
| | - Andrew Boring
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.K.T.)
| | - David Terrero
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo Main Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Tiffany Johnson
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.K.T.)
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.K.T.)
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo Main Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.K.T.)
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19
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Alharbi B, Qanash H, Binsaleh NK, Alharthi S, Elasbali AM, Gharekhan CH, Mahmoud M, Lioudakis E, O'Leary JJ, Doherty DG, Mohamed BM, Gray SG. Proof of concept nanotechnological approach to in vitro targeting of malignant melanoma for enhanced immune checkpoint inhibition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7462. [PMID: 37156818 PMCID: PMC10167246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34638-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, have limitations in their effective treatment of malignancies. The immunosuppressive environment associated with the tumor microenvironment may prevent the achievement of optimal outcomes for immune checkpoint inhibitors alone, and nanotechnology-based platforms for delivery of immunotherapeutic agents are increasingly being investigated for their potential to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy. In this manuscript, nanoparticles were designed with appropriate size and surface characteristics to enhance their retention of payload so that they can transmit their loaded drugs to the tumor. We aimed to enhance immune cell stimulation by a small molecule inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1 (BMS202) using nanodiamonds (ND). Melanoma cells with different disease stages were exposed to bare NDs, BMS202-NDs or BMS202 alone for 6 h. Following this, melanoma cells were co-cultured with freshly isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs). The effects of this treatment combination on melanoma cells were examined on several biological parameters including cell viability, cell membrane damage, lysosomal mass/pH changes and expression of γHA2X, and caspase 3. Exposing melanoma cells to BMS202-NDs led to a stronger than normal interaction between the hPBMCs and the melanoma cells, with significant anti-proliferative effects. We therefore conclude that melanoma therapy has the potential to be enhanced by non-classical T-cell Immune responses via immune checkpoint inhibitors delivered by nanodiamonds-based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Hail, 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam Qanash
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Hail, 55476, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif K Binsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Hail, 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Alharthi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts and Science, Najran University, Najran, 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulbaset M Elasbali
- Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka, 42421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandranil H Gharekhan
- Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Cochin, India
| | | | - Emmanouil Lioudakis
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John J O'Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Derek G Doherty
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bashir M Mohamed
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Steven G Gray
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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20
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Look A, Burns D, Tews I, Roghanian A, Mansour S. Towards a better understanding of human iNKT cell subpopulations for improved clinical outcomes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176724. [PMID: 37153585 PMCID: PMC10154573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a unique T lymphocyte population expressing semi-invariant T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognise lipid antigens presented by CD1d. iNKT cells exhibit potent anti-tumour activity through direct killing mechanisms and indirectly through triggering the activation of other anti-tumour immune cells. Because of their ability to induce potent anti-tumour responses, particularly when activated by the strong iNKT agonist αGalCer, they have been the subject of intense research to harness iNKT cell-targeted immunotherapies for cancer treatment. However, despite potent anti-tumour efficacy in pre-clinical models, the translation of iNKT cell immunotherapy into human cancer patients has been less successful. This review provides an overview of iNKT cell biology and why they are of interest within the context of cancer immunology. We focus on the iNKT anti-tumour response, the seminal studies that first reported iNKT cytotoxicity, their anti-tumour mechanisms, and the various described subsets within the iNKT cell repertoire. Finally, we discuss several barriers to the successful utilisation of iNKT cells in human cancer immunotherapy, what is required for a better understanding of human iNKT cells, and the future perspectives facilitating their exploitation for improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Look
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Burns
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ivo Tews
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Roghanian
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Salah Mansour
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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21
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Letian A, Lemma EY, Cavaliere P, Dephoure N, Altorki NK, McGraw TE. Proximity proteome mapping reveals PD-L1-dependent pathways disrupted by anti-PD-L1 antibody specifically in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:58. [PMID: 36915197 PMCID: PMC10010028 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01084-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PD-L1, a transmembrane ligand for immune checkpoint receptor PD1, has been successfully targeted to activate an anti-tumor immune response in a variety of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite the success of targeting PD-L1, only about 20% of patients achieve a durable response. The reasons for the heterogeneity in response are not understood, although some molecular subtypes (e.g., mutant EGF receptor tumors) are generally poor responders. Although PD-L1 is best characterized as a transmembrane PD1 ligand, the emerging view is that PD-L1 has functions independent of activating PD1 signaling. It is not known whether these cell-intrinsic functions of PD-L1 are shared among non-transformed and transformed cells, if they vary among cancer molecular subtypes, or if they are impacted by anti-PD-L1 therapy. METHODS Here we use quantitative microscopy techniques and APEX2 proximity mapping to describe the behavior of PD-L1 and to identify PD-L1's proximal proteome in human lung epithelial cells. RESULTS Our data reveal growth factor control of PD-L1 recycling as a mechanism for acute and reversible regulation of PD-L1 density on the plasma membrane. In addition, we describe novel PD-L1 biology restricted to mutant EGFR cells. Anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment of mutant EGFR cells perturbs cell intrinsic PD-L1 functions, leading to reduced cell migration, increased half-life of EGFR and increased extracellular vesicle biogenesis, whereas anti-PD-L1 antibody does not induce these changes in wild type EGFR cells. CONCLUSIONS Growth factor acute regulation of PD-L1 trafficking, by contributing to the control of plasma membrane density, might contribute to the regulation of PD-L1's immune checkpoint activity, whereas the specific effects of anti-PD-L1 on mutant EGFR cells might contribute to the poor anti-PD-L1 response of mutant EGFR tumors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anudari Letian
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Eyoel Yemanaberhan Lemma
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine and NY Presbyterian Hospital, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Paola Cavaliere
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Noah Dephoure
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine and NY Presbyterian Hospital, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Nasser K. Altorki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine and NY Presbyterian Hospital, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine and NY Presbyterian Hospital, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Timothy E. McGraw
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine and NY Presbyterian Hospital, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine and NY Presbyterian Hospital, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA
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22
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Safaroghli-Azar A, Emadi F, Lenjisa J, Mekonnen L, Wang S. Kinase inhibitors: Opportunities for small molecule anticancer immunotherapies. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103525. [PMID: 36907320 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
As the fifth pillar of cancer treatment, immunotherapy has dramatically changed the paradigm of therapeutic strategies by focusing on the host's immune system. In the long road of immunotherapy development, the identification of immune-modulatory effects for kinase inhibitors opened a new chapter in this therapeutic approach. These small molecule inhibitors not only directly eradicate tumors by targeting essential proteins of cell survival and proliferation but can also drive immune responses against malignant cells. This review summarizes the current standings and challenges of kinase inhibitors in immunotherapy, either as a single agent or in a combined modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Emadi
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jimma Lenjisa
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Laychiluh Mekonnen
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Shudong Wang
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia.
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23
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Dong M, Yu T, Tse G, Lin Z, Lin C, Zhang N, Wang R, Liu T, Zhong L. PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Accelerates the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Cancer Patients. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101527. [PMID: 36455793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PD-1(programed death-1)/PD-L1(programed death-1 ligand) blockade represents a major breakthrough of anti-cancer therapies, however, it may come with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity, such as myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmias, etc. Although the PD-1/PD-L1-blockade-related acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is rare, it can be fatal. Previous studies have implicated a role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in the development of atherosclerosis. This review explores a hypothesis that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis and promotes plaque rupture, by synthesizing the evidence of vascular inflammation, as well as plaque progression, destabilization and rupture via T-cell activation and effector function. In order to improve the prognosis of cancer patients and decrease the cardiotoxicity of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy, early recognition of PD-1/PD-L1-blockade-related ACS is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yu
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Gary Tse
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China; Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Zerun Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Rujian Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China.
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24
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Yang H, Cai H, Shan S, Chen T, Zou J, Abudurufu M, Luo H, Lei Y, Ke Z, Zhu Y. Methylation of N6 adenosine-related long noncoding RNA: effects on prognosis and treatment in 'driver-gene-negative' lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:365-377. [PMID: 36221911 PMCID: PMC9892826 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The improvement of treatment for patients with 'driver-gene-negative' lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a critical problem to be solved. We aimed to explore the role of methylation of N6 adenosine (m6A)-related long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in stratifying 'driver-gene-negative' LUAD risk. Patients negative for mutations in EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, HER2, MET, ALK, RET, and ROS1 were identified as 'driver-gene-negative' cases. RNA sequencing was performed in 46 paired tumors and adjacent normal tissues from patients with 'driver-gene-negative' LUAD. Twenty-three m6A regulators and relevant lncRNAs were identified using Pearson's correlation analysis. K-means cluster analysis was used to stratify patients, and a prognostic nomogram was developed. The CIBERSORT and pRRophetic algorithms were employed to quantify the immune microenvironment and chemosensitivity. We identified two clusters highly consistent with the prognosis based on their unique expression profiles for 46 m6AlncRNAs. A risk model constructed from nine m6A lncRNAs could stratify patients into high- and low-risk groups with promising predictive power (C-index = 0.824), and the risk score was an independent prognostic factor. The clusters and risk models were closely related to immune characteristics and chemosensitivity. Additional pan-cancer analysis using the nine m6AlncRNAs showed that the expression of DIO3 opposite strand upstream RNA (DIO3OS) is closely related to the immune/stromal score and tumor stemness in a variety of cancers. Our results show that m6AlncRNAs are a reliable prognostic tool and can aid treatment decision-making in 'driver-gene-negative' LUAD. DIO3OS is associated with the development of various cancers and has potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao‐Shuai Yang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - He‐Yuan Cai
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shi‐Chao Shan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ting‐Fei Chen
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian‐Yong Zou
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Maimaiti Abudurufu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hong‐He Luo
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yi‐Yan Lei
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zun‐Fu Ke
- Department of Pathology & Institution of Precision MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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25
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Yoshimoto S, Chester N, Xiong A, Radaelli E, Wang H, Brillantes M, Gulendran G, Glassman P, Siegel DL, Mason NJ. Development and pharmacokinetic assessment of a fully canine anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody for comparative translational research in dogs with spontaneous tumors. MAbs 2023; 15:2287250. [PMID: 38047502 PMCID: PMC10793675 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2287250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of patients with different cancer histologies including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and non-small cell lung carcinoma. However, only a subset of patients show a dramatic clinical response to treatment. Despite intense biomarker discovery efforts, no single robust, prognostic correlation has emerged as a valid outcome predictor. Immune competent, pet dogs develop spontaneous tumors that share similar features to human cancers including chromosome aberrations, molecular subtypes, immune signatures, tumor heterogeneity, metastatic behavior, and chemotherapeutic response. As such, they represent a valuable parallel patient population in which to investigate predictive biomarkers of checkpoint inhibition. However, the lack of a validated, non-immunogenic, canine anti-PD-1 antibody for pre-clinical use hinders this comparative approach and prevents potential clinical benefits of PD-1 blockade being realized in the veterinary clinic. To address this, fully canine single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) that bind canine (c)PD-1 were isolated from a comprehensive canine scFv phage display library. Lead candidates were identified that bound with high affinity to cPD-1 and inhibited its interaction with canine PD-L1 (cPD-L1). The lead scFv candidate re-formatted into a fully canine IgGD reversed the inhibitory effects of cPD-1:cPD-L1 interaction on canine chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell function. In vivo administration showed no toxicity and revealed favorable pharmacokinetics for a reasonable dosing schedule. These results pave the way for clinical trials with anti-cPD-1 in canine cancer patients to investigate predictive biomarkers and combination regimens to inform human clinical trials and bring a promising checkpoint inhibitor into the veterinary armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Yoshimoto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Ailian Xiong
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Enrico Radaelli
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Vetigenics LLC, B-Labs, Cira Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Gayathri Gulendran
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick Glassman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Don L. Siegel
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicola J. Mason
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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26
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Pang K, Shi ZD, Wei LY, Dong Y, Ma YY, Wang W, Wang GY, Cao MY, Dong JJ, Chen YA, Zhang P, Hao L, Xu H, Pan D, Chen ZS, Han CH. Research progress of therapeutic effects and drug resistance of immunotherapy based on PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 66:100907. [PMID: 36527888 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The binding of programmed death-1 (PD-1) on the surface of T cells and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells can prevent the immune-killing effect of T cells on tumor cells and promote the immune escape of tumor cells. Therefore, immune checkpoint blockade targeting PD-1/PD-L1 is a reliable tumor therapy with remarkable efficacy. However, the main challenges of this therapy are low response rate and acquired resistance, so that the outcomes of this therapy are usually unsatisfactory. This review begins with the description of biological structure of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint and its role in a variety of cells. Subsequently, the therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint blockers (PD-1 / PD-L1 inhibitors) in various tumors were introduced and analyzed, and the reasons affecting the function of PD-1/PD-L1 were systematically analyzed. Then, we focused on analyzing, sorting out and introducing the possible underlying mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade including abnormal expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and some factors, immune-related pathways, tumor immune microenvironment, and T cell dysfunction and others. Finally, promising therapeutic strategies to sensitize the resistant patients with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade treatment were described. This review is aimed at providing guidance for the treatment of various tumors, and highlighting the drug resistance mechanisms to offer directions for future tumor treatment and improvement of patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Pang
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen-Duo Shi
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Jiangsu, China; Department of Urology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liu-Ya Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Yang Ma
- Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Building 1, Administration Building, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical College, Southeast University, 87 DingjiaQiao, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-Yue Wang
- Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Building 1, Administration Building, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Ming-Yang Cao
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Jun Dong
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Ang Chen
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Building 1, Administration Building, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Building 1, Administration Building, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Building 1, Administration Building, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA.
| | - Cong-Hui Han
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Jiangsu, China; Department of Urology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Heilongjiang, China.
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27
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Sounbuli K, Mironova N, Alekseeva L. Diverse Neutrophil Functions in Cancer and Promising Neutrophil-Based Cancer Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415827. [PMID: 36555469 PMCID: PMC9779721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils represent the most abundant cell type of leukocytes in the human blood and have been considered a vital player in the innate immune system and the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Recently, several studies showed that neutrophils play an active role in the immune response during cancer development. They exhibited both pro-oncogenic and anti-tumor activities under the influence of various mediators in the tumor microenvironment. Neutrophils can be divided into several subpopulations, thus contradicting the traditional concept of neutrophils as a homogeneous population with a specific function in the innate immunity and opening new horizons for cancer therapy. Despite the promising achievements in this field, a full understanding of tumor-neutrophil interplay is currently lacking. In this review, we try to summarize the current view on neutrophil heterogeneity in cancer, discuss the different communication pathways between tumors and neutrophils, and focus on the implementation of these new findings to develop promising neutrophil-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khetam Sounbuli
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave., 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Mironova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave., 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-383-363-51-61
| | - Ludmila Alekseeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave., 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Cheng X, Wei Y, Fu Y, Li J, Han L. A novel enterocyte-related 4-gene signature for predicting prognosis in colon adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1052182. [PMID: 36532007 PMCID: PMC9755665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1052182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a fatal disease, and its cases are constantly increasing worldwide. Further, the therapeutic and management strategies for patients with COAD are still unsatisfactory due to the lack of accurate patient classification and prognostic models. Therefore, our study aims to identify prognostic markers in patients with COAD and construct a cell subtype-specific prognostic model with high accuracy and robustness. Methods Single-cell transcriptomic data of six samples were retrieved from the Gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The cluster annotation and cell-cell communication analysis identified enterocytes as a key player mediating signal communication networks. A four-gene signature prognostic model was constructed based on the enterocyte-related differentially expressed genes (ERDEGs) in patients with COAD of the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort. The prognostic model was validated on three external validation cohorts from the GEO database. The correlation between immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy response, drug sensitivity, and the four-gene signature prognostic model was investigated. Finally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to determine the expression of the four genes. Results We found that the proportion of epithelial cells was obviously large in COAD samples. Further analysis of epithelial cells showed that the activity of the enterocytes was highest in the cell-cell communication network. Based on enterocyte data, 30 ERDEGs were identified and a 4-gene prognostic model including CPM, CLCA4, ELOVL6, and ATP2A3 was developed and validated. The risk score derived from this model was considered as an independent variable factor to predict overall survival. The patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups based on the median riskscore value. The correlation between immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy response, immune status, clinical characteristics, drug sensitivity, and risk score was analyzed. IHC confirmed the expression of signature genes in tissues from normal individuals, patients with polyps, and COAD. Conclusion In this study, we constructed and validated a novel four-gene signature prognostic model, which could effectively predict the response to immunotherapy and overall survival in patients with COAD. More importantly, this model provides useful insight into the management of colon cancer patients and aids in designing personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Cheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Translational Medicine Department, GeneScience Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Yugang Fu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Li Han, ; Jiacheng Li,
| | - Li Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Li Han, ; Jiacheng Li,
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29
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Wang T, Xu C, Xu D, Yang X, Liu Y, Li X, Li Z, Dang N, Lv Y, Zhang Z, Li L, Ye K. Integrating cell interaction with transcription factors to obtain a robust gene panel for prognostic prediction and therapies in cholangiocarcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:981145. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.981145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The efficacy of immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is blocked by a high degree of tumor heterogeneity. Cell communication contributes to heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to explore critical cell signaling and biomarkers induced via cell communication during immune exhaustion in CCA.Methods: We constructed empirical Bayes and Markov random field models eLBP to determine transcription factors, interacting genes, and associated signaling pathways involved in cell-cell communication using single-cell RNAseq data. We then analyzed the mechanism of immune exhaustion during CCA progression.Results: We found that VEGFA-positive macrophages with high levels of LGALS9 could interact with HAVCR2 to promote the exhaustion of CD8+ T cells in CCA. Transcription factors SPI1 and IRF1 can upregulate the expression of LGALS9 in VEGFA-positive macrophages. Subsequently, we obtained a panel containing 54 genes through the model, which identified subtype S2 with high expression of immune checkpoint genes that are suitable for immunotherapy. Moreover, we found that patients with subtype S2 with a higher mutation ratio of MUC16 had immune-exhausted genes, such as HAVCR2 and TIGIT. Finally, we constructed a nine-gene eLBP-LASSO-COX risk model, which was designated the tumor microenvironment risk score (TMRS).Conclusion: Cell communication-related genes can be used as important markers for predicting patient prognosis and immunotherapy responses. The TMRS panel is a reliable tool for prognostic prediction and chemotherapeutic decision-making in CCA.
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Mechanisms of Resistance and Strategies to Combat Resistance in PD-(L)1 Blockade. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged survival and durable responses in several late-stage cancers such as melanoma and lung cancer have been made possible with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1. While it is prudent to focus on the unprecedented and durable clinical responses, there are subsets of cancer patients that do not respond to immunotherapies or respond early and then relapse later. Many pathways of resistance have been characterized, and more continue to be uncovered. To overcome the development of resistance, an in-depth investigation is necessary to identify alternative immune receptors and signals with the overarching goal of expanding treatment options for those with demonstrated resistance to PD1 checkpoint immunotherapy. In this mini-review, we will discuss the mechanisms by which tumors exhibit resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and explore strategies to overcome such resistances.
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He J, Zhou X, Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Wang T, Zhu W, Liu P, Zhu M. Prognostic and Immunological Roles of Cell Cycle Regulator CDCA5 in Human Solid Tumors. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:8257-8274. [DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s389275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Hou X, Chen C, Lan X, He X. Unveiling the molecular features, relevant immune and clinical characteristics of SIGLEC15 in thyroid cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:975787. [PMID: 36159823 PMCID: PMC9500188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The groundbreaking research work about SIGLEC15 has raised it as a potential promising target in cancer immunotherapy. Unfortunately, the role of SIGLEC15 in thyroid carcinoma (THCA) remains obscure. Public and home multi-omics data were collected to investigate the role of SIGLEC15 in THCA in our study. SIGLEC15 was upregulated in THCA tumor tissue compared to nontumor tissue in both mRNA and protein levels; gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results showed that high SIGLEC15 mRNA expression was positively correlated to many immune pathways. Results of the examination of immunological landscape characteristics displayed high SIGLEC15 mRNA expression that mainly positively correlated with a large number of cancer immunity immunomodulators and pathways. In addition, upregulation of SIGLEC15 was positively correlated with an enhanced immune score, stromal score, and estimate score. However, higher SIGLEC15 mRNA also met high immune exhausted status. The majority of CpG methylation sites negatively correlated with SIGLEC15 mRNA expression. Analysis of clinical characteristics supported increased SIGLEC15 expression that was positively correlated with more extrathyroid extension and lymph node metastasis. We observed different single nucleotide variant (SNV) and copy number variation (CNV) patterns in high and low SIGLEC15 mRNA expression subgroups; some vital DNA damage repair deficiency scores addressed a negative correlation with SIGLEC15 mRNA expression. We also found that some commonly used chemotherapy drugs might be suitable for different SIGLEC15 mRNA expression subgroups. This study highlighted the vital role of SIGLEC15 in THCA. Targeting SIGLEC15 may offer a potential novel therapeutic opportunity for THCA patients. However, the detailed exact cellular mechanisms of SIGLEC15 in THCA still needed to be elucidated by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Hou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology Surgery, the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology Surgery, the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiabin Lan
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology Surgery, the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaodong He, ; Xiabin Lan,
| | - Xiaodong He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaodong He, ; Xiabin Lan,
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Garrison Z, Hornick N, Cheng J, Kulkarni RP. Circulating biomarkers of response to immunotherapy and immune-related adverse events. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2022; 22:855-865. [PMID: 36193802 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2022.2130688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, response rates vary, and these treatments have a high rate of immune-related side effects, which can be limiting. Thus, tests to predict who will respond and who may experience side effects are of critical importance toward realizing the ultimate goal of precision oncology. AREAS COVERED We review several of the most recent advances in circulating biomarkers that have been reported to be useful in predicting response and immune-related adverse events (irAE) to checkpoint blockade immunotherapies (CBI). We focus on high-quality studies published within the last few years. We highlight significant findings, identify areas for improvement, and provide recommendations on how these biomarkers may be translated into clinical utility. EXPERT OPINION As newer immunotherapies are developed, there is a pressing need to identify circulating biomarkers that can help predict responses and side effects. Current studies are mostly small-scale and retrospective; there is a need for larger-scale and prospective studies to help validate several of the biomarkers detailed here. As oncology focuses more on precision-based approaches, it is likely that a combination of biomarkers, including circulating ones as detailed here, will have critical utility in guiding clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Garrison
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Noah Hornick
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rajan P Kulkarni
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Portland, OR, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Operative Care Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
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Xie H, Shi M, Liu Y, Cheng C, Song L, Ding Z, Jin H, Cui X, Wang Y, Yao D, Wang P, Yao M, Zhang H. Identification of m6A- and ferroptosis-related lncRNA signature for predicting immune efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:914977. [PMID: 36032107 PMCID: PMC9402990 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.914977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation and ferroptosis assist long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in promoting immune escape in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the predictive value of m6A- and ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (mfrlncRNAs) in terms of immune efficacy remains unknown. Method A total of 365 HCC patients with complete data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used as the training cohort, and half of them were randomly selected as the validation cohort. A total of 161 HCC patients from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database were used as external validation (ICGC cohort). Results We first identified a group of specific lncRNAs associated with both m6A regulators and ferroptosis-related genes and then constructed prognosis-related mfrlncRNA pairs. Based on this, the mfrlncRNA signature was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and Cox regression. Notably, the risk score of patients was proven to be an independent prognostic factor and was better than the TNM stage and tumor grade. Moreover, patients with high-risk scores had lower survival rates, higher infiltration of immunosuppressive cells (macrophages and Tregs), lower infiltration of cytotoxic immune cells (natural killer cells), poorer immune efficacy (both immunophenoscore and score of tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion), higher IC50, and enrichment of the induced Treg pathway, which confirmed that the mfrlncRNA signature contributed to survival prediction and risk stratification of patients with HCC. Conclusions The mfrlncRNA signature, which has great prognostic value, provides new clues for identifying “cold” and “hot” tumors and might have crucial implications for individualized therapy to improve the survival rate of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Xie
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Muqi Shi
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Changhong Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital of Ganyu District, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lining Song
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zihan Ding
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huanzhi Jin
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaohong Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Electric Power Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dengfu Yao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Haijian Zhang, ; Min Yao,
| | - Haijian Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Haijian Zhang, ; Min Yao,
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Xu L, Zou C, Zhang S, Chu TSM, Zhang Y, Chen W, Zhao C, Yang L, Xu Z, Dong S, Yu H, Li B, Guan X, Hou Y, Kong FM. Reshaping the systemic tumor immune environment (STIE) and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in solid tumors. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:87. [PMID: 35799264 PMCID: PMC9264569 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01307-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of combination immunotherapy based on the mediation of regulatory mechanisms of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is promising. However, a deep understanding of tumor immunology must involve the systemic tumor immune environment (STIE) which was merely illustrated previously. Here, we aim to review recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics and spatial transcriptomics for the studies of STIE, TIME, and their interactions, which may reveal heterogeneity in immunotherapy responses as well as the dynamic changes essential for the treatment effect. We review the evidence from preclinical and clinical studies related to TIME, STIE, and their significance on overall survival, through different immunomodulatory pathways, such as metabolic and neuro-immunological pathways. We also evaluate the significance of the STIE, TIME, and their interactions as well as changes after local radiotherapy and systemic immunotherapy or combined immunotherapy. We focus our review on the evidence of lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, aiming to reshape STIE and TIME to enhance immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Chang Zou
- Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Education Ministry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Life and Marine Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Timothy Shun Man Chu
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caining Zhao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Shaowei Dong
- Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bo Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Xinyuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China. .,Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, Guangdong, 528200, China.
| | - Yuzhu Hou
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Feng-Ming Kong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China. .,Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Jiao L, Dong Q, Zhai W, Zhao W, Shi P, Wu Y, Zhou X, Gao Y. A PD-L1 and VEGFR2 dual targeted peptide and its combination with irradiation for cancer immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Liu Q, Wang L, Lin H, Wang Z, Wu J, Guo J, Wen S, Ran L, Yue Z, Su X, Wu Q, Tang J, Li Z, Hu L, Xu L, Ye L, Huang Q. Tumor-Specific CD4+ T Cells Restrain Established Metastatic Melanoma by Developing Into Cytotoxic CD4– T Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:875718. [PMID: 35784297 PMCID: PMC9243303 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.875718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are the main focus of efforts to understand anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy. The adoptive transfer of tumor-reactive cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes expanded and differentiated in vitro has long been considered the primary strategy in adaptive anti-tumor immunity, however, the majority of the transferred tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells differentiated into CD39+CD69+ exhausted progenies, limiting its effects in repressing tumor growth. Contrarily, less attention has been addressed to the role of CD4+ T cells during tumorigenesis. Using a mouse model of metastatic melanoma, we found that transferring tumor-specific CD4+ T cells into recipients induces substantial regression of the established metastatic tumors. Notably, in vitro activated CD4+ T cells developed into cytotoxic CD4- T cells in vivo and get exhausted gradually. The blockade of PD-L1 signaling resulted in an expansion of tumor specific CD4+ T cells, which could better control the established metastatic melanoma. Moreover, the tumor-specific memory CD4+ T cell can prevent mice from tumor metastasis, and the tumor-specific effector CD4+ T cells can also mitigate the established metastatic tumor. Overall, our findings suggest a novel mechanism of CD4+ T cells in curtailing tumor metastasis and confirm their therapeutic role in combination with PD-L1 blockade in cancer immunotherapy. Hence, a better understanding of cytotoxic CD4- T cell-mediated tumor regression could provide an alternative choice for patients exhibiting suboptimal or no response to CD8+ T cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qiao Liu, ; Lilin Ye, ; ; Qizhao Huang,
| | - Lisha Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayu Lin
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jialin Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi, China
| | - Junyi Guo
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqiong Wen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Ran
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengliang Yue
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingxing Su
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianfang Tang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhirong Li
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Hu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lifan Xu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lilin Ye
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qiao Liu, ; Lilin Ye, ; ; Qizhao Huang,
| | - Qizhao Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiao Liu, ; Lilin Ye, ; ; Qizhao Huang,
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Badiee P, Maritz MF, Thierry B. Glycogen kinase 3 inhibitor nanoformulation as an alternative strategy to inhibit PD-1 immune checkpoint. Int J Pharm 2022; 622:121845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Li Y, Wu L, Liu Y, Ma S, Huang B, Feng X, Wang H. A novel multifunctional anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15 induces potent cancer cell killing in PD-L1-positive tumour cells. Transl Oncol 2022; 21:101424. [PMID: 35477065 PMCID: PMC9136603 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-PD-L1 single-domain antibodies were identified from hPD-L1-immunized camels. Three novel multifunctional antibodies, anti-PD-L1-CD16a, anti-PD-L1-IL15, and anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15, target PD-L1-positive cancer cells. Anti-PD-L1-IL15 and anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15, but not anti-PD-L1-CD16a, stimulate immune cell proliferation in vitro. The anti-PD-L1 antibodies can bind PD-L1-positive cells. Anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15 has the strongest antitumour activity, both in vitro and in vivo.
Cancer is the most acute disease and the leading cause of patient death worldwide. Both chemotherapy and molecular-based therapies play an important role in curing cancer. However, the median and overall survival of patients is poor. To date, immune therapies have changed the treatment methods for cancer patients. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1, also known as B-H1, CD274) is a well-studied tumor antigen. PD-L1 is overexpressed in colon cancer, lung cancer, and so on and plays a vital role in cancer development. In this study, anti-PD-L1 single-domain antibodies were identified from recombinant human PD-L1 (rhPD-L1)-immunized llamas. Then, we generated a novel multifunctional anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15 antibody targeting PD-L1-positive tumor cells. Anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15 was constructed by linking the Interleukin-2 (IL-2) signal peptide, anti-PD-L1 single domain antibody (anti-PD-L1-VHH) and anti-cluster of differentiation 16a single domain antibody (anti-CD16a-VHH), and Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 receptor alpha (IL15/IL-15Rα). This anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15 fusion protein can be expressed and purified from HEK-293F cells. In vitro, our data showed that the anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15 fusion protein can recruit T cells and drive natural killer cells (NK) with specific killing of PD-L1-overexpressing tumor cells. Furthermore, in the xenograft model, the anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15 fusion protein inhibited tumor growth with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). These data suggested that the anti-PD-L1-CD16a-IL15 fusion protein has a latent function in antitumour activity, with better guidance for future cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lingjun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- Department of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Siwen Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Biyi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xianjing Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Wang J, Chen C, Wang L, Xie M, Ge X, Wu S, He Y, Mou X, Ye C, Sun Y. Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids: New Progress and Opportunities to Facilitate Precision Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:872531. [PMID: 35449581 PMCID: PMC9016336 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.872531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment in recent years. However, not all patients receiving cancer immunotherapy exhibit durable responses, and reliable, high-throughput testing platforms are urgently needed to guide personalized cancer immunotherapy. The ability of patient-derived tumor organoids to recapitulate pivotal features of original cancer tissues makes them useful as a preclinical model for cancer research and precision medicine. Nevertheless, many challenges exist in the translation of tumor organoid research to clinical decision making. Herein we discuss the applications of patient-derived tumor organoid models and the advances and potential of using complex immune-organoid systems as testing platforms to facilitate precision cancer immunotherapy. In addition, we highlight intriguing applications of tumor organoids with novel multi-omics in preclinical cancer research, highlighting genetic editing, proteomics, and liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Ge
- College of Letters and Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sufan Wu
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong He
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhou Mou
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Ye
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
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41
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Song Q, Yang B, Sheng W, Zhou Z, Zhang T, Qin B, Ji L, Li P, Wang D, Zhang X, Sun S, Zhang G, Zhao X, Gan Q, Xiong Q, Guan Y, Xia X, Yi X, Chen X, Guo W, Jiao S. Safety and efficacy of mutant neoantigen-specific T-cell treatment combined anti-PD-1 therapy in stage IV solid tumors. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:553-565. [PMID: 35321561 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: This trial explored the safety and efficacy of neoantigen-specific T cells (Nas-Ts) combined with anti-PD-1 (Nas-T + anti-PD-1). Patients & methods: This non-randomized trial recruited participants with solid tumors treated with at least two prior systemic treatment lines. For comparison, 1:1-matched controls who received anti-PD-1 alone were recruited. The primary end point was safety. Results: 15 participants were enrolled in the Nas-T + anti-PD-1 group, the objective response rate was 33.3%, and the disease control rate was 93.3%. The median progression-free survival was significantly different between the Nas-T + anti-PD-1 and control groups (13.8 vs 4.2 months; p = 0.024), but no difference in overall survival was found (p = 0.126). The most common adverse events were maculopapular skin reaction (53.3%), rash (53.3%), hepatotoxicity (53.3%) and fever (53.3%) in the Nas-T + anti-PD-1 group. No serious safety issues were experienced. Conclusion: Nas-Ts combined with anti-PD-1 could be more effective than anti-PD-1 alone in prolonging progression-free survival, with good safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Song
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Department of Tissue Repair & Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zishan Zhou
- Beijing DCTY Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | - Boyu Qin
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Dan Wang
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Sun
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Gan
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Guo
- BeiGene Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Shunchang Jiao
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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42
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Yaseen MM, Abuharfeil NM, Darmani H. CMTM6 as a master regulator of PD-L1. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:2325-2340. [PMID: 35294592 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint proteins, such as programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), play critical roles in the pathology of chronic inflammatory pathological conditions, particularly cancer. In addition, the activation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is involved in mediating resistance to certain anti-cancer chemo- and immuno-therapeutics. Unfortunately, targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway by the available anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs can benefit only a small proportion of cancer patients. Thus, studying the factors that regulate the expression of these immune checkpoint proteins is of central importance in this context. Recent investigations have identified CMTM6 and, to a lesser extent, CMTM4, as master regulators of PD-L1 expression in various cancer cells. Understanding the mechanisms by which such proteins upregulate the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells, and determining the potential regulators of CMTM6 expression in different types of cancers will accelerate the development of new therapeutic targets and/or lead to the enhancement of the currently available PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Homa Darmani
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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43
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Junjun S, Yangyanqiu W, Jing Z, Jie P, Jian C, Yuefen P, Shuwen H. Prognostic model based on six PD-1 expression and immune infiltration-associated genes predicts survival in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2022; 29:666-676. [PMID: 35233733 PMCID: PMC9226094 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The prognosis of breast cancer (BC) was associated with the expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1). Methods BC-related expression and clinical data were downloaded from TCGA database. PD-1 expression with overall survival and clinical factors were investigated. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and weighted gene correlation network analysis were performed to investigate the PD-1 expression-associated KEGG pathways and genes, respectively. Immune infiltration was analyzed using the ssGSEA algorithm and DAVID, respectively. Univariate and multivariable Cox and LASSO regression analyses were performed to select prognostic genes for modeling. Results High PD-1 expression was related to prolonged survival time (P = 0.014). PD-1 expression status showed correlations with age, race, and pathological subtype. ER- and PR-negative patients exhibited high PD-1 expression. The GSVA revealed that high PD-1 expression was associated with various immune-associated pathways, such as T cell/B cell receptor signaling pathway or natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The patients in the high-immune infiltration group exhibited significantly higher PD-1 expression levels. In summary, 397 genes associated with both immune infiltration and PD-1 expression were screened. Univariate analysis and LASSO regression model identified the six most valuable prognostic genes, namely IRC3, GBP2, IGJ, KLHDC7B, KLRB1, and RAC2. The prognostic model could predict survival for BC patients. Conclusion High PD-1 expression was associated with high-immune infiltration in BC patients. Genes closely associated with PD-1, immune infiltration and survival prognosis were screened to predict prognosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12282-022-01344-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Junjun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wang Yangyanqiu
- Graduate School of Medical College of Zhejiang University, No. 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pu Jie
- Graduate School of Nursing, Huzhou University, No. 1 Bachelor Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chu Jian
- Graduate School of Second Clinical Medicine Faculty, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Yuefen
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Han Shuwen
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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44
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Tsai H, Wu Y, Liu X, Xu Z, Liu L, Wang C, Zhang H, Huang Y, Wang L, Zhang W, Su D, Khan FU, Zhu X, Yang R, Pang Y, Eriksson JE, Zhu H, Wang D, Jia B, Cheng F, Chen H. Engineered Small Extracellular Vesicles as a FGL1/PD-L1 Dual-Targeting Delivery System for Alleviating Immune Rejection. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102634. [PMID: 34738731 PMCID: PMC8787398 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for developing new immunosuppressive agents due to the toxicity of long-term use of broad immunosuppressive agents after organ transplantation. Comprehensive sample analysis revealed dysregulation of FGL1/LAG-3 and PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoints in allogeneic heart transplantation mice and clinical kidney transplant patients. In order to enhance these two immunosuppressive signal axes, a bioengineering strategy is developed to simultaneously display FGL1/PD-L1 (FP) on the surface of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Among various cell sources, FP sEVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) not only enriches FGL1/PD-L1 expression but also maintain the immunomodulatory properties of unmodified MSC sEVs. Next, it is confirmed that FGL1 and PD-L1 on sEVs are specifically bound to their receptors, LAG-3 and PD-1 on target cells. Importantly, FP sEVs significantly inhibite T cell activation and proliferation in vitro and a heart allograft model. Furthermore, FP sEVs encapsulated with low-dose FK506 (FP sEVs@FK506) exert stronger effects on inhibiting T cell proliferation, reducing CD8+ T cell density and cytokine production in the spleens and heart grafts, inducing regulatory T cells in lymph nodes, and extending graft survival. Taken together, dual-targeting sEVs have the potential to boost the immune inhibitory signalings in synergy and slow down transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang‐i Tsai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
- Department of Medical ImagingThe Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212001China
| | - Yingyi Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Zhanxue Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Longshan Liu
- Organ Transplant CenterThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen University58 Zhongshan 2nd RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510080China
| | - Changxi Wang
- Organ Transplant CenterThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen University58 Zhongshan 2nd RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510080China
| | - Huanxi Zhang
- Organ Transplant CenterThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen University58 Zhongshan 2nd RoadGuangzhouGuangdong510080China
| | - Yisheng Huang
- Department of Oral SurgeryStomatological HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510280P. R China
| | - Linglu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Weixian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Dandan Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | | | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- School of Traditional Medicine Materials ResourceGuangdong Pharmaceutical University YunfuGuangdong527322China
| | - Rongya Yang
- Department of DermatologyThe Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalPeking100010China
| | - Yuxin Pang
- School of Traditional Medicine Materials ResourceGuangdong Pharmaceutical University YunfuGuangdong527322China
| | - John E. Eriksson
- Cell BiologyBiosciencesFaculty of Science and EngineeringÅbo Akademi UniversityTurkuFI‐20520Finland
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Medical ImagingThe Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212001China
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Department of Medical ImagingThe Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212001China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Oral SurgeryStomatological HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510280P. R China
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
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45
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Singh V, Khurana A, Allawadhi P, Banothu AK, Bharani KK, Weiskirchen R. Emerging Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Chronic Liver Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:790963. [PMID: 35002724 PMCID: PMC8733625 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.790963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-ligand (L)1, the immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of various diseases including chronic liver diseases (CLDs) such as hepatitis, liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of PD-1/PD-L1 has been widely inspected in the treatment of viral hepatitis and HCC. PD-1 is known to play a crucial role in inhibiting immunological responses and stimulates self-tolerance by regulating the T-cell activity. Further, it promotes apoptosis of antigen-specific T-cells while preventing apoptosis of Treg cells. PD-L1 is a trans-membrane protein which is recognized as a co-inhibitory factor of immunological responses. Both, PD-1 and PD-L1 function together to downregulate the proliferation of PD-1 positive cells, suppress the expression of cytokines and stimulate apoptosis. Owing to the importance of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling, this review aims to summarize the potential of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in CLDs along with toxicities associated with them. We have enlisted some of the important roles of PD-1/PD-L1 in CLDs, the clinically approved products and the pipelines of drugs under clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH Aachen University Hospital,Aachen, Germany
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Hyderabad, India
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal, India
| | - Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Anil Kumar Banothu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Hyderabad, India
| | - Kala Kumar Bharani
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal, India
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH Aachen University Hospital,Aachen, Germany
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46
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Cui X, Jia H, Xin H, Zhang L, Chen S, Xia S, Li X, Xu W, Chen X, Feng Y, Wei X, Yu H, Wang Y, Zhan Y, Zhu X, Zhang X. A Novel Bispecific Antibody Targeting PD-L1 and VEGF With Combined Anti-Tumor Activities. Front Immunol 2021; 12:778978. [PMID: 34925354 PMCID: PMC8678608 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.778978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) blocking immune checkpoints have been mainly used as monotherapy. Recently, combination therapy targeting multiple immune checkpoints has recently been explored to increase anti-cancer efficacy. Particularly, a single molecule targeting more than one checkpoints has been investigated. As dual blocking of PD-1/PD-L1 and VEGF/VEGFR has demonstrated synergism in anti-tumor activities, we developed a novel bispecific antibody, termed HB0025, which is formed via fusing the domain 2 of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1D2) and anti-PD-L1 mAb by using mAb-Trap technology. HB0025 almost completely retains the binding affinities and the biological activities in-vitro when compared with the parent anti-PD-L1 mAb or VEGFR1D2 fusion protein. Preclinical data demonstrated that HB0025 was more effective in inhibiting cancer growth than anti PD-L1 mAb or VEGFR1D2 fusion protein. Thus, our bispecific antibody may bring about greater clinical benefits and broader indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifeng Jia
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Huaota Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Simin Xia
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Li
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Chen
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wei
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijia Yu
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhan
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhu
- Huabo Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China.,Huaota Biopharma, Member of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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47
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Bone Metastases: Specific Microenvironment and Current Situation. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:8970173. [PMID: 34877360 PMCID: PMC8645368 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8970173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of bone metastases is a thorny issue. Immunotherapy may be one of the few hopes for patients with unresectable bone metastases. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the most commonly used immunotherapy drugs currently. In this review, the characteristics and interaction of bone metastases and their immune microenvironment were systematically discussed, and the relevant research progress of the immunological mechanism of tumor bone metastasis was reviewed. On this basis, we expounded the clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors for bone metastasis of common tumors, including non-small-cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, melanoma, and breast cancer. Then, the deficiencies and limitations in current researches were summarized. In-depth basic research on bone metastases and optimization of clinical treatment is needed.
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48
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Munhoz J, Thomé R, Rostami A, Ishikawa LLW, Verinaud L, Rapôso C. The SNX-482 peptide from Hysterocrates gigas spider acts as an immunomodulatory molecule activating macrophages. Peptides 2021; 146:170648. [PMID: 34537257 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Peptides are molecules that have emerged as crucial candidates for the development of anticancer drugs. Spider venoms are a rich source of peptides (venom peptides - VPs) with biological effects. VPs have been tested as adjuvants in the activation of cells of the immune system with the aim of improving immunotherapies for the treatment of neoplasms. In the present study, the effects of SNX-482, a peptide from the African tarantula Hysterocrates gigas, on macrophages were described. The results showed that the peptide activated M0-macrophages, increasing costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD68, CD80, CD83, CD86) involved in antigen presentation, and also augmenting the checkpoint molecules PD-L1, CTLA-4 and FAS-L; these effects were not concentration-dependent. SNX-482 also increased the release of IL-23 and upregulated the expression of ccr4, ifn-g, gzmb and pdcd1, genes important for the anticancer response. The pretreatment of macrophages with the peptide did not interfere in the modulation of T cells, and macrophages previously polarized to M1 and M2 profile did not respond to SNX-482. These findings represent the expansion of knowledge about the use of VPs in drug discovery, pointing to a potential new candidate for anticancer immunotherapy. Considering that most immunotherapies target the adaptive system, the modulation of macrophages (an innate immune cell) by SNX-482 is especially relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Munhoz
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Thomé
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Liana Verinaud
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Brazil
| | - Catarina Rapôso
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Brazil.
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49
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Song Z, Liu B, Peng X, Gu W, Sun Y, Xing L, Xu Y, Geng M, Ai J, Zhang A. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Biaryl-Containing PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction Inhibitors Bearing a Unique Difluoromethyleneoxy Linkage. J Med Chem 2021; 64:16687-16702. [PMID: 34761679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Blockade of immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 has been a promising anticancer strategy; however, clinically available PD-1/PD-L1 small-molecule inhibitors are lacking. In view of the high potency of compound 2 (BMS-1002), structural fine tuning of the methoxy linkage together with diverse modification in the solvent interaction region was conducted. A series of novel derivatives featuring a difluoromethyleneoxy linkage were designed. Compound 43 was identified as the most promising PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 10.2 nM in the HTRF assay. This compound is capable of promoting CD8+ T cell activation through inhibiting PD-1/PD-L1 cellular signaling. Moreover, in the Hepa1-6 syngeneic mouse model, administration of compound 43 at 1 mg/kg dosage promoted CD8+ T cell activation and delayed the tumor growth with good tolerance. Notably, the tumor in one mouse of the compound 43-treated group was completely regressed. These results indicate that compound 43 is a promising candidate worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilan Song
- Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xia Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wangting Gu
- Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Xing
- Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Shanghai Pinghe School, 261 Huangyang Road, Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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50
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Rosenbaum MW, Gonzalez RS. Immunohistochemistry as predictive and prognostic markers for gastrointestinal malignancies. Semin Diagn Pathol 2021; 39:48-57. [PMID: 34740486 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers play a key role in the comprehensive pathologic evaluation of gastrointestinal malignancies. These biomarkers can be predictive, indicating whether a tumor is likely to respond to a particular therapy, or prognostic, providing information about the likely course and outcome of a disease. This review article will discuss available immunohistochemical stains for assessing these markers, including staining rationale, scoring criteria, associated systemic therapies, and pictorial examples. PD-L1, HER2, and mismatch repair status can be evaluated via immunohistochemistry for esophageal, gastric, and colorectal carcinomas. Biomarkers currently play a more limited role in evaluation of pancreatic and small bowel malignancies. Immunohistochemistry can also be used to evaluate biomarker status in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, gastrointestinal malignancies with NTRK gene fusions, and undifferentiated carcinomas with switch-sucrose non-fermentable complex abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Rosenbaum
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States
| | - Raul S Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States.
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