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van Niekerk G, Coelmont L, Alpizar YA, Kelchtermans L, Broeckhoven E, Dallmeier K. GLP-1R agonist therapy and vaccine response: Neglected implications. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024:S1359-6101(24)00049-2. [PMID: 39025754 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), such as semaglutide (Ozempic®), have emerged as effective treatments for diabetes and weight management. However, recent evidence indicates that GLP-1R signalling influences various tissues, including the immune system. Notably, GLP-1 has a short half-life (< 5 minutes) and exists in the picomolar range, while GLP-1RAs like semaglutide have extended half-lives of several days and are administered at supraphysiological doses. This review explores the potential impact of these medications on vaccine efficacy. We examine evidence suggesting that GLP-1RAs may attenuate vaccine responses through direct effects on immune cells and modulation of other tissues. Additionally, we discuss how GLP-1R signalling may create a tolerogenic environment, potentially reducing vaccine immunogenicity. Given the widespread use of GLP-1RAs, it is crucial to understand their impact on immune responses and the translational implications for vaccination outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav van Niekerk
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Division of Virology, Antiviral Drug and Vaccine Research, Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lotte Coelmont
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Division of Virology, Antiviral Drug and Vaccine Research, Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Division of Virology, Antiviral Drug and Vaccine Research, Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lara Kelchtermans
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Division of Virology, Antiviral Drug and Vaccine Research, Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elias Broeckhoven
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Division of Virology, Antiviral Drug and Vaccine Research, Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kai Dallmeier
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Division of Virology, Antiviral Drug and Vaccine Research, Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium.
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Wang Y, Chen X, Xu X, Yang J, Liu X, Sun G, Li Z. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Based on Stimulation by Lipopolysaccharides and Polyinosinic:polycytidylic Acid Provides a Core Set of Genes for Understanding Hemolymph Immune Response Mechanisms of Amphioctopus fangsiao. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:80. [PMID: 38200810 PMCID: PMC10778463 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary influencer of aquaculture quality in Amphioctopus fangsiao is pathogen infection. Both lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) are recognized by the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) within immune cells, a system that frequently serves to emulate pathogen invasion. Hemolymph, which functions as a transport mechanism for immune cells, offers vital transcriptome information when A. fangsiao is exposed to pathogens, thereby contributing to our comprehension of the species' immune biological mechanisms. In this study, we conducted analyses of transcript profiles under the influence of LPS and Poly I:C within a 24 h period. Concurrently, we developed a Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify key modules and genes. Further, we carried out Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to investigate the primary modular functions. Co-expression network analyses unveiled a series of immune response processes following pathogen stress, identifying several key modules and hub genes, including PKMYT1 and NAMPT. The invaluable genetic resources provided by our results aid our understanding of the immune response in A. fangsiao hemolymph and will further our exploration of the molecular mechanisms of pathogen infection in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xipan Chen
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xiumei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China;
| | - Guohua Sun
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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Francque S, Ratziu V. Future Treatment Options and Regimens for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Clin Liver Dis 2023; 27:429-449. [PMID: 37024217 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms that drive progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis as well as lessons learned from several clinical trials that have been conducted over the past 15 years guide our current regulatory framework and trial design. Targeting the metabolic drivers should probably be the backbone of therapy in most of the patients, with some requiring more specific intrahepatic antiinflammatory and antifibrotic actions to achieve success. New and innovative targets and approaches as well as combination therapies are currently explored, while awaiting a better understanding of disease heterogeneity that should allow for future individualized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Francque
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics (LEMP), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; InflaMed Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Sciences in Inflammation and Immunology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 665, Edegem B-2650, Belgium.
| | - Vlad Ratziu
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris Cedex 13 75651, France; INSERM UMRS 1138 CRC, Paris, France.
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da Silva EM, Yariwake VY, Alves RW, de Araujo DR, Andrade-Oliveira V. Crosstalk between incretin hormones, Th17 and Treg cells in inflammatory diseases. Peptides 2022; 155:170834. [PMID: 35753504 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells constantly crosstalk with the gut microbiota and immune cells of the gut lamina propria. Enteroendocrine cells, secrete hormones, such as incretin hormones, which participate in host physiological events, such as stimulating insulin secretion, satiety, and glucose homeostasis. Interestingly, evidence suggests that the incretin pathway may influence immune cell activation. Consequently, drugs targeting the incretin hormone signaling pathway may ameliorate inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss how these hormones may modulate two subsets of CD4 + T cells, the regulatory T cells (Treg)/Th17 axis important for gut homeostasis: thus, preventing the development and progression of inflammatory diseases. We also summarize the main experimental and clinical findings using drugs targeting the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) signaling pathways and their great impact on conditions in which the Treg/Th17 axis is disturbed such as inflammatory diseases and cancer. Understanding the role of incretin stimulation in immune cell activation and function, might contribute to new therapeutic designs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity, and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Yuji Yariwake
- Department of Immunology - Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Renan Willian Alves
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira
- Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; Department of Immunology - Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil; Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Brazil.
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He X. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and tissue inflammation: Implications for atherogenic cardiovascular disease. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211070402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has pleiotropic actions on pancreatic endocrine function, adipose tissue lipid metabolism, and skeletal calcium metabolism. Recent data indicate a potential new role for GIP in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. This review focuses on the emerging literature that highlights GIP’s role in inflammation—an established process in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. In vasculature tissue, GIP may reduce concentrations of circulating inflammatory cytokines, attenuate vascular endothelial inflammation, and directly limit atherosclerotic vascular damage. Important to recognize is that evidence exists to support both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of GIP even within the same tissue/cell type. Therefore, future study designs must account for factors such as model heterogeneity, physiological relevance of doses/exposures, potential indirect effects on inflammatory pathways, and the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) agonist form. Elucidating the specific effects of enhanced GIP signaling in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis is crucial given the existing widespread use of DPP4 inhibitors and the emergence of dual-incretin receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming He
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali City, China
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Linking Pedigree Information to the Gene Expression Phenotype to Understand Differential Family Survival Mechanisms in Highly Fecund Fish: A Case Study in the Larviculture of Pacific Bluefin Tuna. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:2098-2110. [PMID: 34940119 PMCID: PMC8929136 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spawning in fish culture often brings about a marked variance in family size, which can cause a reduction in effective population sizes in seed production for stock enhancement. This study reports an example of combined pedigree information and gene expression phenotypes to understand differential family survival mechanisms in early stages of Pacific bluefin tuna, Thunnus orientalis, in a mass culture tank. Initially, parentage was determined using the partial mitochondrial DNA control region sequence and 11 microsatellite loci at 1, 10, 15, and 40 days post-hatch (DPH). A dramatic proportional change in the families was observed at around 15 DPH; therefore, transcriptome analysis was conducted for the 15 DPH larvae using a previously developed oligonucleotide microarray. This analysis successfully addressed the family-specific gene expression phenotypes with 5739 differentially expressed genes and highlighted the importance of expression levels of gastric-function-related genes at the developmental stage for subsequent survival. This strategy demonstrated herein can be broadly applicable to species of interest in aquaculture to comprehend the molecular mechanism of parental effects on offspring survival, which will contribute to the optimization of breeding technologies.
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