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Alghamdi KS, Kassar RH, Farrash WF, Obaid AA, Idris S, Siddig A, Shakoori AM, Alshehre SM, Minshawi F, Mujalli A. Key Disease-Related Genes and Immune Cell Infiltration Landscape in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Bioinformatics Investigation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9751. [PMID: 39273699 PMCID: PMC11396460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), which encompass ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are characterized by chronic inflammation and tissue damage of the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to uncover novel disease-gene signatures, dysregulated pathways, and the immune cell infiltration landscape of inflamed tissues. Eight publicly available transcriptomic datasets, including inflamed and non-inflamed tissues from CD and UC patients were analyzed. Common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through meta-analysis, revealing 180 DEGs. DEGs were implicated in leukocyte transendothelial migration, PI3K-Akt, chemokine, NOD-like receptors, TNF signaling pathways, and pathways in cancer. Protein-protein interaction network and cluster analysis identified 14 central IBD players, which were validated using eight external datasets. Disease module construction using the NeDRex platform identified nine out of 14 disease-associated genes (CYBB, RAC2, GNAI2, ITGA4, CYBA, NCF4, CPT1A, NCF2, and PCK1). Immune infiltration profile assessment revealed a significantly higher degree of infiltration of neutrophils, activated dendritic cells, plasma cells, mast cells (resting/activated), B cells (memory/naïve), regulatory T cells, and M0 and M1 macrophages in inflamed IBD tissue. Collectively, this study identified the immune infiltration profile and nine disease-associated genes as potential modulators of IBD pathogenesis, offering insights into disease molecular mechanisms, and highlighting potential disease modulators and immune cell dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawthar S Alghamdi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al-Batin 39511, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahaf H Kassar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Obaid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Idris
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Siddig
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Afnan M Shakoori
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sallwa M Alshehre
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Minshawi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Mujalli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Guo Y, Ren C, He Y, Wu Y, Yang X. Deciphering the spatiotemporal transcriptional landscape of intestinal diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:157. [PMID: 38994768 PMCID: PMC11258600 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestines are the largest barrier organ in the human body. The intestinal barrier plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the intestinal environment and protecting the intestines from harmful bacterial invasion. Single‑cell RNA sequencing technology allows the detection of the different cell types in the intestine in two dimensions and the exploration of cell types that have not been fully characterized. The intestinal mucosa is highly complex in structure, and its proper functioning is linked to multiple structures in the proximal‑distal intestinal and luminal‑mucosal axes. Spatial localization is at the core of the efforts to explore the interactions between the complex structures. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) is a method that allows for comprehensive tissue analysis and the acquisition of spatially separated genetic information from individual cells, while preserving their spatial location and interactions. This approach also prevents the loss of fragile cells during tissue disaggregation. The emergence of ST technology allows us to spatially dissect enzymatic processes and interactions between multiple cells, genes, proteins and signals in the intestine. This includes the exchange of oxygen and nutrients in the intestine, different gradients of microbial populations and the role of extracellular matrix proteins. This regionally precise approach to tissue studies is gaining more acceptance and is increasingly applied in the investigation of disease mechanisms related to the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, this review summarized the application of ST in gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ren
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi He
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Chongqing City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Chongqing City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Chongqing City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
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3
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Guz-Mark A, Aloi M, Scarallo L, Bramuzzo M, Escher JC, Alvisi P, Henderson P, Hojsak I, Lev-Tzion R, El-Matary W, Schwerd T, Granot M, Sladek M, Strisciuglio C, Müller KE, Olbjørn C, Tzivinikos C, Yerushalmy-Feler A, Huysentruyt K, Norsa L, Viola I, de Ridder L, Shouval DS, Lega S, Lionetti P, Catassi G, Assa A. Infantile and Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multicenter Study. Pediatrics 2024; 154:e2023064546. [PMID: 39015095 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-064546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study described disease characteristics and long-term outcomes in patients diagnosed with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD) (diagnosed before 6 years of age) and infantile-IBD (before 2 years). METHODS Cases from 21 centers worldwide diagnosed with VEOIBD (2008-2018), with minimum 2 years of follow-up, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS The cohort included 243 patients (52% males, median follow-up of 5.8 [range 2-18] years, including 69 [28%]) with infantile-IBD. IBD subtypes included Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), or IBD-unclassified (IBDU) in 30%, 59%, and 11%, respectively. Among patients with CD, 94% had colonic involvement, and among patients with UC/IBDU, 75% had pancolitis. Patients with infantile-IBD presented with higher rates of IBDU, lower hemoglobin and albumin levels, and higher C-reactive protein, and had lower response rates to first-induction therapy and corticosteroids therapy (P < .05 for all). Colectomy and diversion surgeries were performed in 11% and 4%, respectively, with no significant differences between age groups. Corticosteroid-free remission rates were 74% and 78% after 3 and 5 years, respectively, and 86% at end of follow-up. Genetic testing was performed in 96 (40%) patients. Among tested population, 15 (16%) were identified with monogenic disease. This group demonstrated lower response rates to induction therapies, higher rates of surgical intervention, and higher rates of major infections (P < .05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Patients with VEOIBD, including infantile-IBD, exhibit low rate of complications and surgical interventions at the long term. Patients with monogenic IBD are at risk for more severe disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Guz-Mark
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Marina Aloi
- Pediatric and Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome-Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Scarallo
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Meyer children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Bramuzzo
- Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy and Nutrition Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Johanna C Escher
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Patrizia Alvisi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology unit, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paul Henderson
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Iva Hojsak
- Children's Hospital Zagreb, University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Raffi Lev-Tzion
- Juliet Keidan Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Wael El-Matary
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Tobias Schwerd
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maya Granot
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Edmond & Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Malgorzata Sladek
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Caterina Strisciuglio
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, University of Campania Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Katalin E Müller
- Heim Pal National Institute for Pediatrics, Budapest, Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, and Department of Family Care Methodology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christine Olbjørn
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Christos Tzivinikos
- Paediatric Gastroenterology Department, Al Jalila Children's Hospital, Mohammed Bin Rashid University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anat Yerushalmy-Feler
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Institute, "Dana-Dwek" Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Koen Huysentruyt
- Paediatric gastroenterology, KidZ Health Castle, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Norsa
- Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Irene Viola
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi," University of Messina, Italy
| | - Lissy de Ridder
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dror S Shouval
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sara Lega
- Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy and Nutrition Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Lionetti
- Department NEUROFARBA, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Catassi
- Pediatric and Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome-Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Amit Assa
- Juliet Keidan Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Tuna Kırsaçlıoğlu C, Frohne A, Kuloğlu Z, Kristofersdottir I, Demir E, Altuntaş C, Haskoloğlu ZŞ, Çobanoğlu FN, Kendirli T, Özdemir H, Özçakar ZB, Savaş B, Doğu F, İkincioğulları A, Boztug K, Kansu A. Very-early-onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease in an Infant with a Partial RIPK1 Deletion. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:108. [PMID: 38676845 PMCID: PMC11055784 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The monogenic causes of very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) have been defined by genetic studies, which were usually related to primary immunodeficiencies. Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase-1 (RIPK1) protein is an important signalling molecule in inflammation and cell death pathways. Its deficiency may lead to various clinical features linked to immunodeficiency and/or inflammation, including IBD. Here, we discuss an infant with malnutrition, VEO-IBD, recurrent infections and polyathritis who has a homozygous partial deletion in RIPK1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyda Tuna Kırsaçlıoğlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey.
| | - Alexandra Frohne
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Zarife Kuloğlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | | | - Engin Demir
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Cansu Altuntaş
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Zehra Şule Haskoloğlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Fatma Nazan Çobanoğlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Tanıl Kendirli
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Intensive care, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Halil Özdemir
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Birsin Özçakar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumotology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Berna Savaş
- Department of Pathology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Figen Doğu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Aydan İkincioğulları
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Kaan Boztug
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aydan Kansu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye, Turkey
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5
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Esfandiari N, Vandyke S, Porter HJ, Shea K, Morley K, Greene L. A case of mevalonate kinase deficiency, neonatal Sweet syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. Pediatr Dermatol 2024; 41:298-301. [PMID: 37807602 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency is a group of rare metabolic autoinflammatory disorders that present with recurrent fevers, abdominal pain, arthralgias, adenopathy, and a variety of cutaneous manifestations. The skin findings may mimic cellulitis, erythema elevatum diutinum, IgA vasculitis, and Sweet syndrome, and there is often a morbilliform or urticarial rash and aphthous stomatitis. Mevalonate kinase deficiency is one of the identified monogenic variants that can cause very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We present a rare case of a patient with mevalonate kinase deficiency, neonatal Sweet syndrome, and infantile-onset IBD, who has been successfully treated with canakinumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Esfandiari
- Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Santana Vandyke
- Division of Dermatology, The University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Hannah J Porter
- Division of Dermatology, The University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Katelyn Shea
- Four Seasons Dermatology, Colchester, Vermont, USA
| | - Keith Morley
- Division of Dermatology, The University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Laura Greene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Zhou QM, Zheng L. Research progress on the relationship between Paneth cells-susceptibility genes, intestinal microecology and inflammatory bowel disease. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:8111-8125. [PMID: 38130785 PMCID: PMC10731169 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i34.8111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disorder of the immune system and intestinal microecosystem caused by environmental factors in genetically susceptible people. Paneth cells (PCs) play a central role in IBD pathogenesis, especially in Crohn's disease development, and their morphology, number and function are regulated by susceptibility genes. In the intestine, PCs participate in the formation of the stem cell microenvironment by secreting antibacterial particles and play a role in helping maintain the intestinal microecology and intestinal mucosal homeostasis. Moreover, PC proliferation and maturation depend on symbiotic flora in the intestine. This paper describes the interactions among susceptibility genes, PCs and intestinal microecology and their effects on IBD occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Ming Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanxi 321100, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
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7
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Ott A, Tutdibi E, Goedicke-Fritz S, Schöpe J, Zemlin M, Nourkami-Tutdibi N. Serum cytokines MCP-1 and GCS-F as potential biomarkers in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288147. [PMID: 37922289 PMCID: PMC10624322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) with the subtypes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD), are chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Cytokines are associated with the development and progression in pediatric IBD. We measured cytokine levels in pediatric IBD patients to assess their potential function as biomarkers in disease assessment. METHOD In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 33 children with IBD. All patients were in stable remission for 3 months on enrollment. Patients who developed a relapse within six months after enrollment were classified as relapsers. Blood sampling was performed at enrolment and for relapsers in relapse and post-relapse. Serum concentrations of 14 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40, IP-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-8, MIP-1α, MCP-1, MCP-3, G-CSF, GM-CSF) were measured simultaneously using multiplex bead-based sandwich immunoassay on Luminex 100 system. RESULTS MCP-1 was significantly higher in CD patients compared to UC patients at each disease stage: stable remission (P<0.048), unstable remission (P<0.013), relapse (P<0.026) and post-relapse (P<0.024). G-CSF was significantly increased in UC patients developing a relapse and in post-relapse stage compared to UC patients in remission (P<0.02 and p<0.03, respectively). CONCLUSION MCP-1 showed potential as a diagnostic biomarker in CD patients independent of disease activity as it was able to discriminate between subtypes of pediatric IBD. In UC patients, G-CSF was significantly elevated in relapsers indicating its use and role as a potential prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ott
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Erol Tutdibi
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jakob Schöpe
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Zemlin
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nasenien Nourkami-Tutdibi
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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8
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Ward J, Zhang S, Sikora A, Michalski R, Yin Y, D'Alessio A, McLoughlin RM, Jaquet V, Fieschi F, Knaus UG. VEO-IBD NOX1 variant highlights a structural region essential for NOX/DUOX catalytic activity. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102905. [PMID: 37820403 PMCID: PMC10571032 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic intestinal disorders that result from an inappropriate inflammatory response to the microbiota in genetically susceptible individuals, often triggered by environmental stressors. Part of this response is the persistent inflammation and tissue injury associated with deficiency or excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The NADPH oxidase NOX1 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelium, and inactivating NOX1 missense mutations are considered a risk factor for developing very early onset IBD. Albeit NOX1 has been linked to wound healing and host defence, many questions remain about its role in intestinal homeostasis and acute inflammatory conditions. Here, we used in vivo imaging in combination with inhibitor studies and germ-free conditions to conclusively identify NOX1 as essential superoxide generator for microbiota-dependent peroxynitrite production in homeostasis and during early endotoxemia. NOX1 loss-of-function variants cannot support peroxynitrite production, suggesting that the gut barrier is persistently weakened in these patients. One of the loss-of-function NOX1 variants, NOX1 p. Asn122His, features replacement of an asparagine residue located in a highly conserved HxxxHxxN motif. Modelling the NOX1-p22phox complex revealed near the distal heme an internal pocket restricted by His119 and Asn122 that is part of the oxygen reduction site. Functional studies in several human NADPH oxidases show that substitution of asparagine with amino acids with larger side chains is not tolerated, while smaller side chains can support catalytic activity. Thus, we identified a previously unrecognized structural feature required for the electron transfer mechanism in human NADPH oxidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie Ward
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suisheng Zhang
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adam Sikora
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Michalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Yuting Yin
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aurora D'Alessio
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachel M McLoughlin
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and READS Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, UMR5075, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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9
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Khan R, Kuenzig ME, Benchimol EI. Epidemiology of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2023; 52:483-496. [PMID: 37543395 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including subtypes Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder most often diagnosed in young adulthood. The incidence and prevalence of pediatric-onset IBD is increasing globally. IBD is likely caused by an interplay of multiple environmental factors resulting in a dysregulated mucosal response to the commensal intestinal microbiota in genetically predisposed individuals. This article provides an overview of pediatric IBD epidemiology and environmental risk factors associated with its development, such as the Hygiene Hypothesis, air pollution, greenspace and blue space, neonatal factors, antibiotics, and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Khan
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - M Ellen Kuenzig
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute
| | - Eric I Benchimol
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute; ICES, Toronto, Canada; Department of Paediatrics and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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10
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MEENA SATISHKUMAR, VARLA HARIKA, SWAMINATHAN VENKATESWARANVELLAICHAMY, CHANDAR RUMESH, JAYAKUMAR INDIRA, RAMAKRISHNAN BALASUBRAMANIAM, UPPULURI RAMYA, RAJ REVATHI. Hematopoietic stem cell Transplantation in Children with very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Secondary to Monogenic Disorders of immune-dysregulation. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2023; 39:183-190. [PMID: 37006985 PMCID: PMC10064404 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD) is defined as IBD in children under six years of age. We present outcome data of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the above children. Patients and methods: We performed a retrospective study in children under six years of age who underwent HSCT for VEOIBD with an identified monogenic disorder from December 2012 to December 2020. Results: Of the 25 children included, the underlying diagnosis was IL10R deficiency (n = 4), Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (n = 4), Leukocyte adhesion defect (n = 4), Hyper IgM syndrome (n = 3), Chronic granulomatous disease (n = 2), and one each with XIAP deficiency, severe congenital neutropenia, Omenn syndrome, Hyper IgE syndrome, Griscelli syndrome, MHC Class II deficiency, LRBA deficiency, and IPEX syndrome. Donors included a matched family donor in 10(40%); a matched unrelated donor in 8 (32%), haploidentical in 7 (28%) (T depleted 16%, T replete with post-transplant cyclophosphamide12%). Conditioning was myeloablative in 84% ofHSCTs. We documented engraftment in 22 (88%) children, primary graft failure in 2 children (8%), mixed chimerism in 6 (24%) children with mortality in 4/6 children. Children with a sustained chimerism of > 95% did not have recurrence of any features of IBD. Overall survival was 64%, with a median follow-up of 55 months. Mixed chimerism was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality (p-value = 0.001). Conclusions: VEOIBD caused by monogenic disorders can be offered HSCT. Early recognition, optimal supportive care, and complete chimerism are essential components to achieving survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- SATISHKUMAR MEENA
- Department of PediatricHematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Apollo Hospitals, 320, Padma complex, Anna Salai, 600035 Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - HARIKA VARLA
- Department of PediatricHematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Apollo Hospitals, 320, Padma complex, Anna Salai, 600035 Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - VENKATESWARAN VELLAICHAMY SWAMINATHAN
- Department of PediatricHematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Apollo Hospitals, 320, Padma complex, Anna Salai, 600035 Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - RUMESH CHANDAR
- Department of PediatricHematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Apollo Hospitals, 320, Padma complex, Anna Salai, 600035 Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - INDIRA JAYAKUMAR
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Hospitals, Apollo Hospitals, 320, Padma complex, Anna Salai, 600035 Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - BALASUBRAMANIAM RAMAKRISHNAN
- Department of Biostatistics, Apollo Hospitals, 320, Padma complex, Anna Salai, 600035 Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - RAMYA UPPULURI
- Department of PediatricHematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Apollo Hospitals, 320, Padma complex, Anna Salai, 600035 Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - REVATHI RAJ
- Department of PediatricHematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Apollo Hospitals, 320, Padma complex, Anna Salai, 600035 Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
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11
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Croft NM, de Ridder L, Griffiths AM, Hyams JS, Ruemmele FM, Turner D, Cheng K, Lutsar I, Greco M, Gołębiewska Z, Laumond F, Cavaller-Bellaubi M, Elgreey A, Altepeter TA, Pallidis C, Norga K, Nelson R, Crandall W, Vassal G. Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multi-Stakeholder Perspective to Improve Development of Drugs for Children and Adolescents. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:249-258. [PMID: 36130314 PMCID: PMC10024546 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite recent approvals for new drugs to treat adults with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, there are only two approved advanced treatment options [infliximab and adalimumab] for children with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. There are many potential new therapies being developed for adult and paediatric IBD. Moreover, regulatory agencies in both the European Union and USA have processes in place to support the early planning and initiation of paediatric studies. Nevertheless, unacceptable delays in approvals for use of drugs in children persist, with an average 7-year gap, or longer, between authorization of new IBD drugs for adults and children. METHODS A 2-day virtual meeting was held during April 14-15, 2021 for multi-stakeholders [clinical academics, patient community, pharmaceutical companies and regulators] to discuss their perspectives on paediatric drug development for IBD. RESULTS The multi-stakeholder group presented, discussed and proposed actions to achieve expediting the approval of new drugs in development for paediatric IBD. CONCLUSIONS Collaborative action points for all stakeholders are required to make progress and facilitate new drug development for children with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Croft
- Corresponding author: Nicholas M Croft, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK. Tel: +44 20 7882 2642;
| | | | - Anne M Griffiths
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Frank M Ruemmele
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Service de Gastroentérologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Dan Turner
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Irja Lutsar
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marco Greco
- European Patients’ Forum (EPF), Chaussée d’Etterbeek, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zuzanna Gołębiewska
- J-elita, Polish Society for the Support of People with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Adam Elgreey
- Crohn and Colitis Foundation Israel (CCFI), Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tara A Altepeter
- Division of Gastroenterology, Office of Immunology and Inflammation, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Chrissi Pallidis
- Paediatric Medicines, European Medicines Agency, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Norga
- Paediatric Committee (PDCO), European Medicines Agency, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wallace Crandall
- Pediatric Immunology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gilles Vassal
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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12
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Levine AE, Mark D, Smith L, Zheng HB, Suskind DL. Pharmacologic Management of Monogenic and Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:969. [PMID: 36986830 PMCID: PMC10059893 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is treated with a variety of immunomodulating and immunosuppressive therapies; however, for the majority of cases, these therapies are not targeted for specific disease phenotypes. Monogenic IBD with causative genetic defect is the exception and represents a disease cohort where precision therapeutics can be applied. With the advent of rapid genetic sequencing platforms, these monogenic immunodeficiencies that cause inflammatory bowel disease are increasingly being identified. This subpopulation of IBD called very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is defined by an age of onset of less than six years of age. Twenty percent of VEO-IBDs have an identifiable monogenic defect. The culprit genes are often involved in pro-inflammatory immune pathways, which represent potential avenues for targeted pharmacologic treatments. This review will provide an overview of the current state of disease-specific targeted therapies, as well as empiric treatment for undifferentiated causes of VEO-IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Levine
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dominique Mark
- Department of Pharmacy, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Laila Smith
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Hengqi B. Zheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David L. Suskind
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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13
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Moser LM, Fekadu J, Willasch A, Rettinger E, Sörensen J, Jarisch A, Kirwil M, Lieb A, Holzinger D, Calaminus G, Bader P, Bakhtiar S. Treatment of inborn errors of immunity patients with inflammatory bowel disease phenotype by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 2023; 200:595-607. [PMID: 36214981 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) can suffer from treatment-refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) causing failure to thrive and consequences of long-term multiple immunosuppressive treatments. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) can serve as a curative treatment option. In this single-centre retrospective cohort study we report on 11 paediatric and young adult IEI patients with IBD and failure to thrive, who had exhausted symptomatic treatment options and received alloHSCT. The cohort included chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) deficiency, STAT3 gain-of-function (GOF), Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency and one patient without genetic diagnosis. All patients achieved stable engraftment and immune reconstitution, and gastrointestinal symptoms were resolved after alloHSCT. The overall survival was 11/11 over a median follow-up of 34.7 months. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was limited to grade I-II acute GVHD (n = 5), one case of grade IV acute GVHD and one case of limited chronic GVHD. Since treatment recommendations are limited, this work provides a centre-specific approach to treatment prior to transplant as well as conditioning in IEI patients with severe IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Moser
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia Fekadu
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - André Willasch
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Eva Rettinger
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Sörensen
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andrea Jarisch
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marta Kirwil
- Division for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Adrian Lieb
- Division for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dirk Holzinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gabriele Calaminus
- Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Bader
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Shahrzad Bakhtiar
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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14
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Rager SL, Zeng MY. The Gut-Liver Axis in Pediatric Liver Health and Disease. Microorganisms 2023; 11:597. [PMID: 36985171 PMCID: PMC10051507 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been growing interest in the complex host-microbe interactions within the human gut and the role these interactions play in systemic health and disease. As an essential metabolic organ, the liver is intimately coupled to the intestinal microbial environment via the portal venous system. Our understanding of the gut-liver axis comes almost exclusively from studies of adults; the gut-liver axis in children, who have unique physiology and differing gut microbial communities, remains poorly understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of common pediatric hepatobiliary conditions and recent studies exploring the contributions of the gut microbiota to these conditions or changes of the gut microbiota due to these conditions. We examine the current literature regarding the microbial alterations that take place in biliary atresia, pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Wilson's disease, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and viral hepatitis. Finally, we propose potential therapeutic approaches involving modulation of the gut microbiota and the gut-liver axis to mitigate the progression of pediatric liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L. Rager
- Gale and Ira Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Melody Y. Zeng
- Gale and Ira Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
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15
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Sacco KA, Gazzin A, Notarangelo LD, Delmonte OM. Granulomatous inflammation in inborn errors of immunity. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1110115. [PMID: 36891233 PMCID: PMC9986611 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1110115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Granulomas have been defined as inflammatory infiltrates formed by recruitment of macrophages and T cells. The three-dimensional spherical structure typically consists of a central core of tissue resident macrophages which may merge into multinucleated giant cells surrounded by T cells at the periphery. Granulomas may be triggered by infectious and non-infectious antigens. Cutaneous and visceral granulomas are common in inborn errors of immunity (IEI), particularly among patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), combined immunodeficiency (CID), and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The estimated prevalence of granulomas in IEI ranges from 1%-4%. Infectious agents causing granulomas such Mycobacteria and Coccidioides presenting atypically may be 'sentinel' presentations for possible underlying immunodeficiency. Deep sequencing of granulomas in IEI has revealed non-classical antigens such as wild-type and RA27/3 vaccine-strain Rubella virus. Granulomas in IEI are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The heterogeneity of granuloma presentation in IEI presents challenges for mechanistic approaches to treatment. In this review, we discuss the main infectious triggers for granulomas in IEI and the major forms of IEI presenting with 'idiopathic' non-infectious granulomas. We also discuss models to study granulomatous inflammation and the impact of deep-sequencing technology while searching for infectious triggers of granulomatous inflammation. We summarize the overarching goals of management and highlight the therapeutic options reported for specific granuloma presentations in IEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Sacco
- Department of Pulmonology, Section of Allergy-Immunology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Andrea Gazzin
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Immune Deficiency Genetics Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Immune Deficiency Genetics Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Immune Deficiency Genetics Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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16
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Targeted RNAseq Improves Clinical Diagnosis of Very Early-Onset Pediatric Immune Dysregulation. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060919. [PMID: 35743704 PMCID: PMC9224647 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite increased use of whole exome sequencing (WES) for the clinical analysis of rare disease, overall diagnostic yield for most disorders hovers around 30%. Previous studies of mRNA have succeeded in increasing diagnoses for clearly defined disorders of monogenic inheritance. We asked if targeted RNA sequencing could provide similar benefits for primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) and very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD), both of which are difficult to diagnose due to high heterogeneity and variable severity. We performed targeted RNA sequencing of a panel of 260 immune-related genes for a cohort of 13 patients (seven suspected PID cases and six VEOIBD) and analyzed variants, splicing, and exon usage. Exonic variants were identified in seven cases, some of which had been previously prioritized by exome sequencing. For four cases, allele specific expression or lack thereof provided additional insights into possible disease mechanisms. In addition, we identified five instances of aberrant splicing associated with four variants. Three of these variants had been previously classified as benign in ClinVar based on population frequency. Digenic or oligogenic inheritance is suggested for at least two patients. In addition to validating the use of targeted RNA sequencing, our results show that rare disease research will benefit from incorporating contributing genetic factors into the diagnostic approach.
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17
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Al-Numan HH, Jan RM, Al-Saud NBS, Rashidi OM, Alrayes NM, Alsufyani HA, Mujalli A, Shaik NA, Mosli MH, Elango R, Saadah OI, Banaganapalli B. Exome Sequencing Identifies the Extremely Rare ITGAV and FN1 Variants in Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:895074. [PMID: 35692981 PMCID: PMC9178107 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.895074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Molecular diagnosis of early onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is very important for adopting suitable treatment strategies. Owing to the sparse data available, this study aims to identify the molecular basis of early onset IBD in Arab patients. Methods A consanguineous Arab family with monozygotic twins presenting early onset IBD was screened by whole exome sequencing (WES). The variants functional characterization was performed by a series of computational biology methods. The IBD variants were further screened in in-house whole exome data of 100 Saudi cohorts ensure their rare prevalence in the population. Results Genetic screening has identified the digenic autosomal recessive mode of inheritance of ITGAV (G58V) and FN1 (G313V) variants in IBD twins with early onset IBD. Findings from pathogenicity predictions, stability and molecular dynamics have confirmed the deleterious nature of both variants on structural features of the corresponding proteins. Functional biology data suggested that both genes show abundant expression in gastrointestinal tract and immune organs, involved in immune cell restriction, regulation of different immune related pathways. Data from knockout mouse models for ITGAV gene has revealed that the dysregulated expression of this gene impacts intestinal immune homeostasis. The defective ITGAV and FN1 involved in integrin pathway, are likely to induce intestinal inflammation by disturbing immune homeostasis. Conclusions Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular etiology of pediatric onset IBD and may likely pave way in developing genomic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Husain Al-Numan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Mohammed Jan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla bint Saud Al-Saud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nuha Mohammad Alrayes
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel A. Alsufyani
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Mujalli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Ahmad Shaik
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Hisham Mosli
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramu Elango
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar I. Saadah
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Babajan Banaganapalli
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Levine AE, Zheng HB, Suskind DL. Linking Genetic Diagnosis to Therapeutic Approach in Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pharmacologic Considerations. Paediatr Drugs 2022; 24:207-216. [PMID: 35467244 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-022-00503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is diagnosed in children < 6 years of age, and in rare cases may be due to an identifiable monogenic cause. Recent advances in genetic testing have allowed for more accurate diagnosis, with as many as 100 genes now known to be associated with monogenic inflammatory bowel disease. These genes are involved in many immune pathways and thus may represent potential avenues for targeted precision medicine with pharmacologic treatments aimed at these. This review describes the broad classifications of monogenic disorders known to cause VEO-IBD, as well as empiric and disease-specific medical therapies. These include immune-modulating or immunosuppressant medications, nutritional therapy, surgery, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We aim to provide an overview of the current state of targeted therapy for VEO-IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Levine
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children's Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hengqi B Zheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children's Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David L Suskind
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children's Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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19
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Légeret C, Furlano R, Köhler H. Therapy Strategies for Children Suffering from Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)-A Narrative Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:617. [PMID: 35626795 PMCID: PMC9140197 DOI: 10.3390/children9050617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing, and more children at a younger age are affected. The pathogenesis seems to be an interaction of microbial factors, a sensitivity of the immune system, and the intestinal barrier, leading to an inappropriate immune response. Not only has the role of biological agents become more important in the last decade in the treatment of children and adolescents, but also new insights into the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome and personal diet implications have increased our understanding of the disease and opened up potential therapeutic pathways. This narrative review provides an overview of current recommendations, therapeutic options, drug monitoring, and practical guidelines for paediatricians involved with paediatric IBD patients. Furthermore, the off-label use of potential helpful drugs in the treatment of these patients is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Légeret
- University Children’s Hospital of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Raoul Furlano
- University Children’s Hospital of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Henrik Köhler
- Children’s Hospital Kantonsspital Aarau, 5000 Aarau, Switzerland;
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20
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Weber K, Zeißig Y, Haag C, Schmelz R, Pazmandi J, Kalinichenko A, Boztug K, Zeißig S, Aust D, Laass MW, Schuetz C. [Chronic or severe enteropathy and immunodeficiency: be prepared for a rara avis]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2022; 60:1668-1677. [PMID: 35297030 DOI: 10.1055/a-1709-5024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the work-up of chronic enteropathies an underlying inborn error of immunity (IEI) should be considered in certain cases. IEI are rare, but approximately 10% of patients may present with symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is a much more common entity. Patients with IEI associated IBD may show extraintestinal symptoms or signs, and are often refractory to conventional anti-inflammatory treatment. In case of early-onset bowel inflammation and other intestinal or extraintestinal manifestations, an IEI should be excluded. A small fraction of monogenic IEI can be amenable to targeted therapies, or even corrected by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Therefore, early diagnosis is crucial. This paper shows examples of clinical - gastrointestinal as well as extraintestinal - signs and findings which require immunological and possibly genetic workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Weber
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yvonne Zeißig
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cornelie Haag
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renate Schmelz
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Pazmandi
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
| | - Artem Kalinichenko
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder und Jugendliche, Medizinische Universitat Wien, Wien, Austria.,St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Zeißig
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniela Aust
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin W Laass
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Catharina Schuetz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
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21
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Zou M, Zeng QS, Nie J, Yang JH, Luo ZY, Gan HT. The Role of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases and Deubiquitinases in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Friend or Foe? Front Immunol 2021; 12:769167. [PMID: 34956195 PMCID: PMC8692584 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.769167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), exhibits a complex multifactorial pathogenesis involving genetic susceptibility, imbalance of gut microbiota, mucosal immune disorder and environmental factors. Recent studies reported associations between ubiquitination and deubiquitination and the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease. Ubiquitination modification, one of the most important types of post-translational modifications, is a multi-step enzymatic process involved in the regulation of various physiological processes of cells, including cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and innate and adaptive immune responses. Alterations in ubiquitination and deubiquitination can lead to various diseases, including IBD. Here, we review the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs) and their mediated ubiquitination and deubiquitination modifications in the pathogenesis of IBD. We highlight the importance of this type of posttranslational modification in the development of inflammation, and provide guidance for the future development of targeted therapeutics in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology and the Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi-Shan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology and the Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Nie
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Hui Yang
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen-Yi Luo
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Tian Gan
- Department of Gastroenterology and the Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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