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Yeh YW, Xiang Z. Mouse hygiene status-A tale of two environments for mast cells and allergy. Allergol Int 2024; 73:58-64. [PMID: 37673735 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models, including those employing the use of house mice (Mus musculus), are crucial in elucidating mechanisms in human pathophysiology. However, it is evident that the impreciseness of using laboratory mice maintained in super-hygienic barrier facilities to mirror relevant aspects of human physiology and pathology exists, which is a major limitation in translating mouse findings to inferring human medicine. Interestingly, free-living wild mice are found to be substantially different from laboratory-bred, specific pathogen-free mice with respect to various immune system compartments. Wild mice have an immune system that better reflects human immunity. In this review article, we discuss recent experimental findings that address the so-called "wild immunology", which reveals the contrasting immune features between laboratory-raised mice and their wild companions as well as laboratory mice that have been exposed to a natural rodent habitat. A particular focus will be given to the development of pulmonary mast cells and its possible impact on the use of "naturalized" or "rewilded" laboratory mice as experimental asthma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Yeh
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zou Xiang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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Wu T, He J, Yan S, Li J, Chen K, Zhang D, Cheng M, Xiang Z, Fang Y. Human placental extract suppresses mast cell activation and induces mast cell apoptosis. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 19:98. [PMID: 38012745 PMCID: PMC10683163 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-023-00850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human placental extract (HPE) has been documented to facilitate the healing of certain disorders including allergy. However, the effects of HPE on the functionality of mast cells, a critical cell type in allergic diseases, have not been reported. METHODS To investigate the effects of HPE on the regulation of allergy with respect to the biological functions of mast cells, the mast cell line C57 or HMC-1 cells were treated with HPE followed by the assessment of cell proliferation, apoptosis, activation, chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Mouse peritoneal mast cells were also investigated for their responses to induction of apoptosis by HPE in vivo. Furthermore, the effect of HPE on mast cell degranulation was confirmed using the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) assay, an acute allergy model. RESULTS HPE was capable of suppressing mast cell proliferation and inducing mast cell apoptosis. Mast cell degranulation in response to compound 48/80- or anti-DNP IgE and DNP-mediated activation was suppressed. In addition, treatment with HPE compromised the production of cytokines by mast cells and cell chemotaxis. These observations were consistent with the dampened passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) assay following treatment with HPE. CONCLUSION This study revealed a suppressive effect of HPE on overall mast cell activities, suggesting a potential regulatory role of HPE on the alleviation of allergic diseases through mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongqian Wu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyi Street 28, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingjing He
- School of Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shirong Yan
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyi Street 28, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyi Street 28, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- School of Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dingshan Zhang
- School of Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingliang Cheng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyi Street 28, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
| | - Zou Xiang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yu Fang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyi Street 28, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
- School of Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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Shi D, Toyonaga S, Anderson DG. In Vivo RNA Delivery to Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells via Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2938-2944. [PMID: 36988645 PMCID: PMC10103292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ex vivo autologous hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy has provided new therapies for the treatment of hematological disorders. However, these therapies have several limitations owing to the manufacturing complexities and toxicity resulting from required conditioning regimens. Here, we developed a c-kit (CD117) antibody-targeted lipid nanoparticle (LNP) that, following a single intravenous injection, can deliver RNA (both siRNA and mRNA) to HSCs in vivo in rodents. This targeted delivery system does not require stem cell harvest, culture, or mobilization of HSCs to facilitate delivery. We also show that delivery of Cre recombinase mRNA at a dose of 1 mg kg-1 can facilitate gene editing to almost all (∼90%) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in vivo, and edited cells retain their stemness and functionality to generate high levels of edited mature immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Shi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- David
H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sho Toyonaga
- David
H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- FUJIFILM
Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Daniel G. Anderson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- David
H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard-Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Institute
for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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From germ-free to wild: modulating microbiome complexity to understand mucosal immunology. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1085-1094. [PMID: 36065057 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00562-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota influences host responses at practically every level, and as research into host-microbe interactions expands, it is not surprising that we are uncovering similar roles for the microbiota at other barrier sites, such as the lung and skin. Using standard laboratory mice to assess host-microbe interactions, or even host intrinsic responses, can be challenging, as slight variations in the microbiota can affect experimental outcomes. When it comes to designing and selecting an appropriate level of microbial diversity and community structure for colonization of our laboratory rodents, we have more choices available to us than ever before. Here we will discuss the different approaches used to modulate microbial complexity that are available to study host-microbe interactions. We will describe how different models have been used to answer distinct biological questions, covering the entire microbial spectrum, from germ-free to wild.
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