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Li YX, Wen YC, Li ZY, Ou PY. Differential gene expression of immune response in COVID-19 and its relationship with progression of COVID-19. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:111156. [PMID: 39418742 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.111156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Human immune response evolved in virus clearance and gene expression levels of immune response may be associated with progression of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our current study aims to investigate the relationship between differential gene expression of immune response and progression of COVID-19. A total of 50 participants of COVID-19 group were studied, compared with 39 participants of healthy control group. There were different gene expression profiles in pathways of activation of neutrophil, defense response and adaptive immune response for COVID-19 group before treatment compared to the healthy control group. Distinct gene expression profiles showed that pathways of chemotaxis, immune response and antibacterial humoral response involved in rehabilitation of severe COVID-19 group while pathways of immune system process, defense response to virus and negative regulation of viral genome replication involved in rehabilitation of moderate COVID-19 group. Both protein expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 levels and protein expression of low affinity Fc-receptor FcγRIIIb levels were significantly and positively correlated with COVID-19-IgM levels and might be suitable as biomarkers for monitoring of COVID-19. This study showed that differential gene expression of immune response predicted onset and rehabilitation of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Chenxinghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yang-Cheng Wen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Chenxinghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen-Yue Li
- Grade 11 Class 1, Shunde No.1 High School, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Yu Ou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Chenxinghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
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2
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Novak T, Crawford JC, Hahn G, Hall MW, Thair SA, Newhams MM, Chou J, Mourani PM, Tarquinio KM, Markovitz B, Loftis LL, Weiss SL, Higgerson R, Schwarz AJ, Pinto NP, Thomas NJ, Gedeit RG, Sanders RC, Mahapatra S, Coates BM, Cvijanovich NZ, Ackerman KG, Tellez DW, McQuillen P, Kurachek SC, Shein SL, Lange C, Thomas PG, Randolph AG. Transcriptomic profiles of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome phenotypes in pediatric critical influenza. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1220028. [PMID: 37533854 PMCID: PMC10390830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1220028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza virus is responsible for a large global burden of disease, especially in children. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is a life-threatening and fatal complication of severe influenza infection. Methods We measured RNA expression of 469 biologically plausible candidate genes in children admitted to North American pediatric intensive care units with severe influenza virus infection with and without MODS. Whole blood samples from 191 influenza-infected children (median age 6.4 years, IQR: 2.2, 11) were collected a median of 27 hours following admission; for 45 children a second blood sample was collected approximately seven days later. Extracted RNA was hybridized to NanoString mRNA probes, counts normalized, and analyzed using linear models controlling for age and bacterial co-infections (FDR q<0.05). Results Comparing pediatric samples collected near admission, children with Prolonged MODS for ≥7 days (n=38; 9 deaths) had significant upregulation of nine mRNA transcripts associated with neutrophil degranulation (RETN, TCN1, OLFM4, MMP8, LCN2, BPI, LTF, S100A12, GUSB) compared to those who recovered more rapidly from MODS (n=27). These neutrophil transcripts present in early samples predicted Prolonged MODS or death when compared to patients who recovered, however in paired longitudinal samples, they were not differentially expressed over time. Instead, five genes involved in protein metabolism and/or adaptive immunity signaling pathways (RPL3, MRPL3, HLA-DMB, EEF1G, CD8A) were associated with MODS recovery within a week. Conclusion Thus, early increased expression of neutrophil degranulation genes indicated worse clinical outcomes in children with influenza infection, consistent with reports in adult cohorts with influenza, sepsis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Novak
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response (CEIRR), Center for Influenza Disease and Emergence Response (CIDER), Athens, GA, United States
| | - Jeremy Chase Crawford
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response (CEIRR), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Georg Hahn
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark W. Hall
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Simone A. Thair
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Margaret M. Newhams
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response (CEIRR), Center for Influenza Disease and Emergence Response (CIDER), Athens, GA, United States
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter M. Mourani
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Keiko M. Tarquinio
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Barry Markovitz
- Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Laura L. Loftis
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Scott L. Weiss
- Nemours Children’s Hospital Delaware, Critical Care Medicine, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Renee Higgerson
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, St. David’s Children’s Hospital, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Adam J. Schwarz
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Neethi P. Pinto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Neal J. Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Children’s Hospital, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Rainer G. Gedeit
- Pediatric Critical Care, Milwaukee Hospital-Children’s Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ronald C. Sanders
- Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital & Medical Center Omaha, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Bria M. Coates
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Natalie Z. Cvijanovich
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Kate G. Ackerman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester/UR Medicine Golisano Children’s Hospital, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - David W. Tellez
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Patrick McQuillen
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children’s Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stephen C. Kurachek
- Department of Critical Care, Children’s Specialty Center, Children’s Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Steven L. Shein
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Christoph Lange
- Department of Biostatistics, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Paul G. Thomas
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response (CEIRR), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Adrienne G. Randolph
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response (CEIRR), Center for Influenza Disease and Emergence Response (CIDER), Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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3
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Mavragani CP, Skarlis C, Kostopoulos IV, Maratou E, Moutsatsou P, Terpos E, Tsitsilonis OE, Dimopoulos MA, Sfikakis PP. Distinct type I interferon responses between younger women and older men contribute to the variability of COVID-19 outcomes: Hypothesis generating insights from COVID-19 convalescent individuals. Cytokine 2022; 157:155964. [PMID: 35868117 PMCID: PMC9289092 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Older age and male sex have been consistently found to be associated with dismal outcomes among COVID-19 infected patients. In contrast, premenopausal females present the lowest mortality among adults infected by SARS-CoV-2. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether peripheral blood type I interferon (IFN) signature and interleukin (IL)-6 serum levels -previously shown to contribute to COVID-19-related outcomes in hospitalized patients- is shaped by demographic contributors among COVID-19 convalescent individuals. PATIENTS AND METHODS Type I IFN-inducible genes in peripheral blood, as well as serum IL-6 levels were quantified in 61 COVID-19 convalescent healthy individuals (34 females, 27 males; age range 18-70 years, mean 35.7 ± 15.9 years) who recovered from COVID-19 without requiring hospitalization within a median of 3 months prior to inclusion in the present study. Among those, 17 were older than 50 years (11 males, 6 females) and 44 equal to or less than 50 years (16 males, 28 females). Expression analysis of type I IFN-inducible genes (MX-1, IFIT-1, IFI44) was performed by real time PCR and a type I IFN score, reflecting type I IFN peripheral activity, was calculated. IL-6 and C-reactive protein levels were determined by a commercially available ELISA. RESULTS COVID-19 convalescent individuals older than 50 years exhibited significantly decreased peripheral blood type I IFN scores along with significantly increased IL-6 serum levels compared to their younger counterparts less than 50 years old (5.4 ± 4.3 vs 16.8 ± 24.7, p = 0.02 and 10.6 ± 16.9 vs 2.9 ± 8.0 ng/L, p = 0.03, respectively). Following sex stratification, peripheral blood type I IFN score was found to be significantly higher in younger females compared to both younger and older males (22.9 ± 29.2 vs 6.3 ± 4.6 vs 4.5 ± 3.7, p = 0.01 and p = 0.002, respectively). Regarding IL-6, an opposite pattern was observed, with the highest levels being detected among older males and the lowest levels among younger females (11.6 ± 18.9 vs 2.5 ± 7.8 ng/L, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Constitutive higher type I IFN responses and dampened IL-6 production observed in younger women of premenopausal age, along with lower type I IFN responses and increased IL-6 levels in older males, could account for the discrete clinical outcomes seen in the two population groups, as consistently revealed in COVID-19 epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio P Mavragani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), M. Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece; Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital Attikon, NKUA, 12462 Haidari, Greece; Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, NKUA, Greece.
| | - Charalampos Skarlis
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), M. Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eirini Maratou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University General Hospital Attikon, NKUA, 12462 Haidari, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Moutsatsou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University General Hospital Attikon, NKUA, 12462 Haidari, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, NKUA, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Petros P Sfikakis
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, NKUA, Greece; First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, NKUA, 15772 Athens, Greece
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Tsermpini EE, Glamočlija U, Ulucan-Karnak F, Redenšek Trampuž S, Dolžan V. Molecular Mechanisms Related to Responses to Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapies in COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1609. [PMID: 36009328 PMCID: PMC9405444 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a leading global health and economic challenge. What defines the disease's progression is not entirely understood, but there are strong indications that oxidative stress and the defense against reactive oxygen species are crucial players. A big influx of immune cells to the site of infection is marked by the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Our article aims to highlight the critical role of oxidative stress in the emergence and severity of COVID-19 and, more importantly, to shed light on the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms. We have reviewed the available literature and clinical trials to extract the relevant genetic variants within the oxidative stress pathway associated with COVID-19 and the anti-oxidative therapies currently evaluated in the clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment, in particular clinical trials on glutathione and N-acetylcysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Eirini Tsermpini
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Una Glamočlija
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Fulden Ulucan-Karnak
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sara Redenšek Trampuž
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Dolžan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Lee Y, Riskedal E, Kalleberg KT, Istre M, Lind A, Lund-Johansen F, Reiakvam O, Søraas AVL, Harris JR, Dahl JA, Hadley CL, Jugessur A. EWAS of post-COVID-19 patients shows methylation differences in the immune-response associated gene, IFI44L, three months after COVID-19 infection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11478. [PMID: 35798818 PMCID: PMC9261254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although substantial progress has been made in managing COVID-19, it is still difficult to predict a patient’s prognosis. We explored the epigenetic signatures of COVID-19 in peripheral blood using data from an ongoing prospective observational study of COVID-19 called the Norwegian Corona Cohort Study. A series of EWASs were performed to compare the DNA methylation profiles between COVID-19 cases and controls three months post-infection. We also investigated differences associated with severity and long-COVID. Three CpGs—cg22399236, cg03607951, and cg09829636—were significantly hypomethylated (FDR < 0.05) in COVID-19 positive individuals. cg03607951 is located in IFI44L which is involved in innate response to viral infection and several systemic autoimmune diseases. cg09829636 is located in ANKRD9, a gene implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including the degradation of IMPDH2. The link between ANKRD9 and IMPDH2 is striking given that IMPDHs are considered therapeutic targets for COVID-19. Furthermore, gene ontology analyses revealed pathways involved in response to viruses. The lack of significant differences associated with severity and long-COVID may be real or reflect limitations in sample size. Our findings support the involvement of interferon responsive genes in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and indicate a possible link to systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsung Lee
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Skøyen, P.O. box 222, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Mette Istre
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Lind
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Olaug Reiakvam
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne V L Søraas
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer R Harris
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Skøyen, P.O. box 222, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - John Arne Dahl
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Astanand Jugessur
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Skøyen, P.O. box 222, 0213, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, P.O. box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway
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6
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Chen T, Polak P, Uryasev S. Classification and severity progression measure of COVID-19 patients using pairs of multi-omic factors. J Appl Stat 2022; 50:2473-2503. [PMID: 37529561 PMCID: PMC10388828 DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2022.2064975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Early detection and effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients remain two major challenges during the current pandemic. Analysis of molecular changes in blood samples of severe patients is one of the promising approaches to this problem. From thousands of proteomic, metabolomic, lipidomic, and transcriptomic biomarkers selected in other research, we identify several pairs of biomarkers that after additional nonlinear spline transformation are highly effective in classifying and predicting severe COVID-19 cases. The performance of these pairs is evaluated in-sample, in a cross-validation exercise, and in an out-of-sample analysis on two independent datasets. We further improve our classifier by identifying complementary pairs using hierarchical clustering. In a result, we achieve 96-98% AUC on the validation data. Our findings can help medical experts to identify small groups of biomarkers that after nonlinear transformation can be used to construct a cost-effective test for patient screening and prediction of severity progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Chen
- Department of Applied Math & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Paweł Polak
- Department of Applied Math & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Stanislav Uryasev
- Department of Applied Math & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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7
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Georgakopoulou VE, Lembessis P, Skarlis C, Gkoufa A, Sipsas NV, Mavragani CP. Hematological Abnormalities in COVID-19 Disease: Association With Type I Interferon Pathway Activation and Disease Outcomes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:850472. [PMID: 35372456 PMCID: PMC8968418 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.850472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) in peripheral blood, has been previously reported in viral infections, as well as in autoimmune disorders, in association with reduced leukocyte and platelet counts. Though cytopenias are common in patients with COVID-19 disease and predict severe outcomes, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In the current study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of hematological abnormalities in the setting of active COVID-19 infection and to explore whether they associate with disease outcomes and activation of type I IFN pathway. One-hundred-twenty-three consecutive SARS-CoV2 infected patients were included in the study. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded for all study participants. In 114 patients, total RNA was extracted from whole peripheral blood and subjected to real time PCR. The relative expression of three interferon stimulated genes (ISGs; IFIT1, MX-1, and IFI44) was determined and a type I IFN score reflecting peripheral type I IFN activity was calculated. The rates of anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were 28.5, 14.6, and 24.4%, respectively. Among leukocytopenias, eosinopenia, and lymphopenia were the most prominent abnormalities being found in 56.9 and 43.1%, respectively. Of interest, patients with either eosinopenia and/or thrombocytopenia but no other hematological abnormalities displayed significantly increased peripheral type I IFN scores compared to their counterparts with normal/high eosinophil and platelet counts. While eosinopenia along with lymphopenia were found to be associated with increased risk for intubation and severe/critical disease, such an association was not detected between other hematological abnormalities or increased type I IFN scores. In conclusion, hematological abnormalities are commonly detected among patients with COVID-19 infection in association with severe disease outcomes and activation of the type I IFN pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki E. Georgakopoulou
- Department of Infectious Diseases and COVID-19 Unit, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Lembessis
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Skarlis
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Gkoufa
- Department of Infectious Diseases and COVID-19 Unit, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos V. Sipsas
- Department of Infectious Diseases and COVID-19 Unit, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Clio P. Mavragani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- *Correspondence: Clio P. Mavragani
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8
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Schön K, Lindenwald DL, Monteiro JT, Glanz J, Jung K, Becker SC, Lepenies B. Vector and Host C-Type Lectin Receptor (CLR)-Fc Fusion Proteins as a Cross-Species Comparative Approach to Screen for CLR-Rift Valley Fever Virus Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063243. [PMID: 35328665 PMCID: PMC8954825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne bunyavirus endemic to Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, which causes diseases in humans and livestock. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that were reported to interact with diverse viruses and contribute to antiviral immune responses but may also act as attachment factors or entry receptors in diverse species. Human DC-SIGN and L-SIGN are known to interact with RVFV and to facilitate viral host cell entry, but the roles of further host and vector CLRs are still unknown. In this study, we present a CLR–Fc fusion protein library to screen RVFV–CLR interaction in a cross-species approach and identified novel murine, ovine, and Aedes aegypti RVFV candidate receptors. Furthermore, cross-species CLR binding studies enabled observations of the differences and similarities in binding preferences of RVFV between mammalian CLR homologues, as well as more distant vector/host CLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Schön
- Institute for Parasitology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany;
- Institute for Immunology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (D.L.L.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Dimitri L. Lindenwald
- Institute for Immunology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (D.L.L.); (J.T.M.)
| | - João T. Monteiro
- Institute for Immunology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (D.L.L.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Julien Glanz
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (J.G.); (K.J.)
| | - Klaus Jung
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (J.G.); (K.J.)
| | - Stefanie C. Becker
- Institute for Parasitology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany;
- Correspondence: (S.C.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Institute for Immunology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (D.L.L.); (J.T.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.B.); (B.L.)
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