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Tang Z, Peng Y, Jiang Y, Wang L, Guo M, Chen Z, Luo C, Zhang T, Xiao Y, Ni R, Qi X. Gastrodin ameliorates synaptic impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in N2a/APP cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 719:150127. [PMID: 38761634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by abnormal β-amyloid and tau accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction. Here, we aimed to assess the mechanisms and signalling pathways in the neuroprotective effect of gastrodin, a phenolic glycoside, on murine neuroblastoma N2a cells expressing human Swedish mutant APP (N2a/APP). We found that gastrodin increased the levels of presynaptic-SNAP, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic-PSD95 and reduced phospho-tau Ser396, APP and Aβ1-42 levels in N2a/APP cells. Gastrodin treatment reduced reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial fragmentation and DNA oxidation; restored mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ATP production. Upregulated phospho-GSK-3β and reduced phospho-ERK and phospho-JNK were involved in the protective effect of gastrodin. In conclusion, we demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of gastrodin in the N2a/APP cell line by ameliorating the impairment on synaptic and mitochondrial function, reducing tau phosphorylation, Aβ1-42 levels as well as reactive oxygen species generation. These results provide new mechanistic insights into the potential effect of gastrodin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaqian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhuyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaolan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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Xie PL, Zheng MY, Han R, Chen WX, Mao JH. Pharmacological mTOR inhibitors in ameliorating Alzheimer's disease: current review and perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1366061. [PMID: 38873415 PMCID: PMC11169825 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1366061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, pharmacological mammalian/mechanistic targets of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitors have been used during transplantation and tumor treatment. Emerging pre-clinical evidence from the last decade displayed the surprising effectiveness of mTOR inhibitors in ameliorating Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive function decline and memory loss. Research shows mTOR activation as an early event in AD development, and inhibiting mTOR may promote the resolution of many hallmarks of Alzheimer's. Aberrant protein aggregation, including amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and tau filaments, and cognitive defects, are reversed upon mTOR inhibition. A closer inspection of the evidence highlighted a temporal dependence and a hallmark-specific nature of such beneficial effects. Time of administration relative to disease progression, and a maintenance of a functional lysosomal system, could modulate its effectiveness. Moreover, mTOR inhibition also exerts distinct effects between neurons, glial cells, and endothelial cells. Different pharmacological properties of the inhibitors also produce different effects based on different blood-brain barrier (BBB) entry capacities and mTOR inhibition sites. This questions the effectiveness of mTOR inhibition as a viable AD intervention strategy. In this review, we first summarize the different mTOR inhibitors available and their characteristics. We then comprehensively update and discuss the pre-clinical results of mTOR inhibition to resolve many of the hallmarks of AD. Key pathologies discussed include Aβ deposition, tauopathies, aberrant neuroinflammation, and neurovascular system breakdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lun Xie
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ran Han
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Xin Chen
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Hua Mao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zheng W, Li K, Zhong M, Wu K, Zhou L, Huang J, Liu L, Chen Z. Mitophagy activation by rapamycin enhances mitochondrial function and cognition in 5×FAD mice. Behav Brain Res 2024; 463:114889. [PMID: 38301932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, characterized by severe mitochondrial dysfunction, which is an intracellular process that is significantly compromised in the early stages of AD. Mitophagy, the selective removal of damaged mitochondria, is a potential therapeutic strategy for AD. Rapamycin, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, augmented autophagy and mitigated cognitive impairment. Our study revealed that rapamycin enhances cognitive function by activating mitophagy, alleviating neuronal loss, and improving mitochondrial dysfunction in 5 ×FAD mice. Interestingly, the neuroprotective effect of rapamycin in AD were negated by treatment with 3-MA, a mitophagy inhibitor. Overall, our findings suggest that rapamycin ameliorates cognitive impairment in 5 ×FAD mice via mitophagy activation and its downstream PINK1-Parkin pathway, which aids in the clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ) and damaged mitochondria. This study reveals a novel mechanism involving mitophagy regulation underlying the therapeutic effect of rapamycin in AD. This study provides new insights and therapeutic targets for rapamycin in the treatment of AD. However, there are still some shortcomings in this topic; if we can further knock out the PINK1/Parkin gene in animals or use siRNA technology, we can further confirm the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Kualiang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Meihua Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Kejun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Lele Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Libin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Yang X, Liu S, Wang C, Fan H, Zou Q, Pu Y, Cai Z. Dietary salt promotes cognition impairment through GLP-1R/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7970. [PMID: 38575652 PMCID: PMC10995169 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary salt has been associated with cognitive impairment in mice, possibly related to damaged synapses and tau hyperphosphorylation. However, the mechanism underlying how dietary salt causes cognitive dysfunction remains unclear. In our study, either a high-salt (8%) or normal diet (0.5%) was used to feed C57BL/6 mice for three months, and N2a cells were cultured in normal medium, NaCl medium (80 mM), or NaCl (80 mM) + Liraglutide (200 nM) medium for 48 h. Cognitive function in mice was assessed using the Morris water maze and shuttle box test, while anxiety was evaluated by the open field test (OPT). Western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were utilized to assess the level of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and mTOR/p70S6K pathway. Electron microscope and western blotting were used to evaluate synapse function and tau phosphorylation. Our findings revealed that a high salt diet (HSD) reduced the level of synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95), resulting in significant synaptic damage. Additionally, hyperphosphorylation of tau at different sites was detected. The C57BL/6 mice showed significant impairment in learning and memory function compared to the control group, but HSD did not cause anxiety in the mice. In addition, the level of GLP-1R and autophagy flux decreased in the HSD group, while the level of mTOR/p70S6K was upregulated. Furthermore, liraglutide reversed the autophagy inhibition of N2a treated with NaCl. In summary, our study demonstrates that dietary salt inhibits the GLP-1R/mTOR/p70S6K pathway to inhibit autophagy and induces synaptic dysfunction and tau hyperphosphorylation, eventually impairing cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing university, No. 118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing No. 312, Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing university, No. 118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing No. 312, Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanling Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing university, No. 118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing No. 312, Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixia Fan
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing university, No. 118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing No. 312, Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zou
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing university, No. 118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing No. 312, Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingshuang Pu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing university, No. 118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing No. 312, Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyou Cai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing university, No. 118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing No. 312, Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, No. 312 Zhongshan First Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, People's Republic of China.
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Tang Z, Chen Z, Guo M, Peng Y, Xiao Y, Guan Z, Ni R, Qi X. NRF2 Deficiency Promotes Ferroptosis of Astrocytes Mediated by Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04023-9. [PMID: 38401046 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and neurotoxicity. Emerging evidence suggests a role of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), a major source of antioxidant response elements in AD. The molecular mechanism of oxidative stress and ferroptosis in astrocytes in AD is not yet fully understood. Here, we aimed to investigate the mechanism by which Nrf2 regulates the ferroptosis of astrocytes in AD. We found decreased expression of Nrf2 and upregulated expression of the ROS marker NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the frontal cortex from patients with AD and in the cortex of 3×Tg mice compared to wildtype mice. We demonstrated that Nrf2 deficiency led to ferroptosis-dependent oxidative stress-induced ROS with downregulated heme oxygenase-1 and glutathione peroxidase 4 and upregulated cystine glutamate expression. Moreover, Nrf2 deficiency increased lipid peroxidation, DNA oxidation, and mitochondrial fragmentation in mouse astrocytes (mAS, M1800-57). In conclusion, these results suggest that Nrf2 deficiency promotes ferroptosis of astrocytes involving oxidative stress in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Zhuyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yaqian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Zhizhong Guan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-Constructed By the Province and Ministry, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaolan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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Koyama H, Kamogashira T, Yamasoba T. Heavy Metal Exposure: Molecular Pathways, Clinical Implications, and Protective Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:76. [PMID: 38247500 PMCID: PMC10812460 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are often found in soil and can contaminate drinking water, posing a serious threat to human health. Molecular pathways and curation therapies for mitigating heavy metal toxicity have been studied for a long time. Recent studies on oxidative stress and aging have shown that the molecular foundation of cellular damage caused by heavy metals, namely, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial stress, share the same pathways as those involved in cellular senescence and aging. In recent aging studies, many types of heavy metal exposures have been used in both cellular and animal aging models. Chelation therapy is a traditional treatment for heavy metal toxicity. However, recently, various antioxidants have been found to be effective in treating heavy metal-induced damage, shifting the research focus to investigating the interplay between antioxidants and heavy metals. In this review, we introduce the molecular basis of heavy metal-induced cellular damage and its relationship with aging, summarize its clinical implications, and discuss antioxidants and other agents with protective effects against heavy metal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Koyama
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Teru Kamogashira
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
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Cai J, Xie D, Kong F, Zhai Z, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Sun T. Effect and Mechanism of Rapamycin on Cognitive Deficits in Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:53-84. [PMID: 38640155 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, remains long-term and challenging to diagnose. Furthermore, there is currently no medication to completely cure AD patients. Rapamycin has been clinically demonstrated to postpone the aging process in mice and improve learning and memory abilities in animal models of AD. Therefore, rapamycin has the potential to be significant in the discovery and development of drugs for AD patients. Objective The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of rapamycin on animal models of AD by examining behavioral indicators and pathological features. Methods Six databases were searched and 4,277 articles were retrieved. In conclusion, 13 studies were included according to predefined criteria. Three authors independently judged the selected literature and methodological quality. Use of subgroup analyses to explore potential mechanistic effects of rapamycin interventions: animal models of AD, specific types of transgenic animal models, dosage, and periodicity of administration. Results The results of Morris Water Maze (MWM) behavioral test showed that escape latency was shortened by 15.60 seconds with rapamycin therapy, indicating that learning ability was enhanced in AD mice; and the number of traversed platforms was increased by 1.53 times, indicating that the improved memory ability significantly corrected the memory deficits. CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin therapy reduced age-related plaque deposition by decreasing AβPP production and down-regulating β-secretase and γ-secretase activities, furthermore increased amyloid-β clearance by promoting autophagy, as well as reduced tau hyperphosphorylation by up-regulating insulin-degrading enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanjing Kong
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhai
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhishan Zhu
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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8
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Cho H, Choi BY, Shin YH, Suh SW, Park SB. Neuroinflammation-Modulating Agent SB1617 Enhances LC3-Associated Phagocytosis to Mitigate Tau Pathology. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4139-4152. [PMID: 38014902 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau protein aggregation and propagation in neurons and surrounding microglia are well-known risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, emerging therapeutic strategies that target neuroinflammatory activity in microglia have the potential to prevent tauopathy. Here, we explored the microglia-mediated neuroprotective function of SB1617 against tau aggregation. Our study revealed that SB1617-inactivated pathogenic M1-like microglia, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines via translational regulation, and induced microglial polarization toward the M2 phenotype and phagocytic function. Furthermore, we observed that extracellular pathogenic tau aggregates were eliminated via LC3-associated phagocytosis. The in vivo efficacy of SB1617 was confirmed in mice with traumatic brain injury in which SB1617 exerted neuroprotective effects by reducing pathogenic tau levels through microglia-mediated anti-inflammatory activity. Our results indicated that SB1617-mediated microglial surveillance with LC3-associated phagocytosis is a critical molecular mechanism in the regulation of tau proteostasis. This study provides new insights into tauopathies and directions for developing novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Cho
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Bo Young Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Department of Physical Education, College of Natural Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Young-Hee Shin
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Korea
| | - Sang Won Suh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Seung Bum Park
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Liu G, Yang C, Wang X, Chen X, Wang Y, Le W. Oxygen metabolism abnormality and Alzheimer's disease: An update. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102955. [PMID: 37956598 PMCID: PMC10665957 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen metabolism abnormality plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) via several mechanisms, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hypoxia condition usually results from living in a high-altitude habitat, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and chronic obstructive sleep apnea. Chronic hypoxia has been identified as a significant risk factor for AD, showing an aggravation of various pathological components of AD, such as amyloid β-protein (Aβ) metabolism, tau phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. It is known that hypoxia and excessive hyperoxia can both result in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction can increase Aβ and tau phosphorylation, and Aβ and tau proteins can lead to redox imbalance, thus forming a vicious cycle and exacerbating AD pathology. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a non-invasive intervention known for its capacity to significantly enhance cerebral oxygenation levels, which can significantly attenuate Aβ aggregation, tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. However, further investigation is imperative to determine the optimal oxygen pressure, duration of exposure, and frequency of HBOT sessions. In this review, we explore the prospects of oxygen metabolism in AD, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms in AD. Current research aimed at attenuating abnormalities in oxygen metabolism holds promise for providing novel therapeutic approaches for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Liu
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Cui Yang
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yanjiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China.
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Liu R, Yang J, Li Y, Xie J, Wang J. Heme oxygenase-1: The roles of both good and evil in neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurochem 2023; 167:347-361. [PMID: 37746863 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is the only way for cells to decompose heme. It can cleave heme to produce carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron (Fe2+ ), and biliverdin (BV). BV is reduced to bilirubin (BR) by biliverdin reductase(BVR). In previous studies, HO-1 was considered to have protective effects because of its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, and antiproliferation functions. However, emerging experimental studies have found that the metabolites derived from HO-1 can cause increase iin intracellular oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, iron death, and autophagy. Because of its particularity, it is very meaningful to understand its exact mechanism. In this review, we summarized the protective and toxic effects of HO-1, its potential mechanism, its role in neurodegenerative diseases and related drug research. This knowledge may be beneficial to the development of new therapies for neurodegenerative diseases and is crucial to the development of new therapeutic strategies and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahua Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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11
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Yang Y, Zhang X, Li D, Fang R, Wang Z, Yun D, Wang M, Wang J, Dong H, Fei Z, Li Q, Liu Z, Shen C, Fei J, Yu M, Behnisch T, Huang F. NRSF regulates age-dependently cognitive ability and its conditional knockout in APP/PS1 mice moderately alters AD-like pathology. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2558-2575. [PMID: 36229920 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NRSF/REST (neuron-restrictive silencer element, also known as repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor), plays a key role in neuronal homeostasis as a transcriptional repressor of neuronal genes. NRSF/REST relates to cognitive preservation and longevity of humans, but its specific functions in age-dependent and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related memory deficits remain unclear. Here, we show that conditional NRSF/REST knockout either in the dorsal telencephalon or specially in neurons induced an age-dependently diminished retrieval performance in spatial or fear conditioning memory tasks and altered hippocampal synaptic transmission and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. The NRSF/REST deficient mice were also characterized by an increase of activated glial cells, complement C3 protein and the transcription factor C/EBPβ in the cortex and hippocampus. Reduction of NRSF/REST by conditional depletion upregulated the activation of astrocytes in APP/PS1 mice, and increased the C3-positive glial cells, but did not alter the Aβ loads and memory retrieval performances of 6- and 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice. Simultaneously, overexpression of NRSF/REST improved cognitive abilities of aged wild type, but not in AD mice. These findings demonstrated that NRSF/REST is essential for the preservation of memory performance and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity during aging and takes potential roles in the onset of age-related memory impairments. However, while altering the glial activation, NRSF/REST deficiency does not interfere with the Aβ deposits and the electrophysiological and cognitive AD-like pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Yang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dongxue Li
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Rong Fang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zishan Wang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Di Yun
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongtian Dong
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhaoliang Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhaolin Liu
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chenye Shen
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Fei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, INC., Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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12
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Zhu B, Yang C, Liu D, Zhi Q, Hua ZC. Zinc depletion induces JNK/p38 phosphorylation and suppresses Akt/mTOR expression in acute promyelocytic NB4 cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127264. [PMID: 37473591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid leukemia is associated with reduced serum zinc and increased intracellular zinc. Our previous studies found that zinc depletion by TPEN induced apoptosis with PML-RARα oncoprotein degradation in acute promyelocytic NB4 cells. The effect of zinc homeostasis on intracellular signaling pathways in myeloid leukemia cells remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study examined how zinc homeostasis affected MAPK and Akt/mTOR pathways in NB4 cells. METHODS We used western blotting to detect the activation of p38 MAPK, JNK, ERK1/2, and Akt/mTOR pathways in NB4 cells stimulated with the zinc chelator TPEN. Whether the effects of TPEN on these pathways could be reversed by zinc or the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was further explored by western blotting. We used Zinpyr-1 staining to assess the role of SNP on labile zinc levels in NB4 cells treated with TPEN. In additional, we evaluated expressional correlations between the zinc-binding protein Metallothionein-2A (MT2A) and genes related to MAPKs and Akt/mTOR pathways in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) based on the TCGA database. RESULTS Zinc depletion by TPEN activated p38 and JNK phosphorylation in NB4 cells, whereas ERK1/2 phosphorylation was increased first and then decreased. The protein expression levels of Akt and mTOR were downregulated by TPEN. The nitric oxide donor SNP promotes zinc release in NB4 cells under zinc depletion conditions. We further found that the effects of zinc depletion on MAPK and Akt/mTOR pathways in NB4 cells can be reversed by exogenous zinc supplementation or treatment with the nitric oxide donor SNP. By bioinformatics analyses based on the TCGA database, we demonstrated that MT2A expression was negatively correlated with the expression of JNK, and was positively correlated with the expression of ERK1 and Akt in AML. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that zinc plays a critical role in leukemia cells and help understanding how zinc depletion induces apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Chunhao Yang
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Dekang Liu
- School of Medicine, and Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qi Zhi
- School of Medicine, and Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zi-Chun Hua
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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13
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Feng C, Liu Y, Zhang BY, Zhang H, Shan FY, Li TQ, Zhao ZN, Wang XX, Zhang XY. Rapamycin Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Prevents LPS-Induced Alveolar Bone Loss by Oxidative Stress Suppression. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20739-20754. [PMID: 37323396 PMCID: PMC10268267 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a progressive inflammatory skeletal disease characterized by periodontal tissue destruction, alveolar bone resorption, and tooth loss. Chronic inflammatory response and excessive osteoclastogenesis play essential roles in periodontitis progression. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis that contributes to periodontitis remains unclear. As a specific inhibitor of the mTOR (mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin) signaling pathway and the most common autophagy activator, rapamycin plays a vital role in regulating various cellular processes. The present study investigated the effects of rapamycin on osteoclast (OC) formation in vitro and its effects on the rat periodontitis model. The results showed that rapamycin inhibited OC formation in a dose-dependent manner by up-regulating the Nrf2/GCLC signaling pathway, thus suppressing the intracellular redox status, as measured by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and MitoSOX. In addition, rather than simply increasing the autophagosome formation, rapamycin increased the autophagy flux during OC formation. Importantly, the anti-oxidative effect of rapamycin was regulated by an increase in autophagy flux, which could be attenuated by blocking autophagy with bafilomycin A1. In line with the in vitro results, rapamycin treatment attenuated alveolar bone resorption in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontitis in a dose-dependent manner, as assessed by micro-computed tomography, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Besides, high-dose rapamycin treatment could reduce the serum levels of proinflammatory factors and oxidative stress in periodontitis rats. In conclusion, this study expanded our understanding of rapamycin's role in OC formation and protection from inflammatory bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Feng
- School
and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin
Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Tianjin
Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
- Lanzhou
University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bao-Yi Zhang
- Tianjin
Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School
and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin
Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Fa-Yu Shan
- School
and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin
Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Tian-Qi Li
- School
and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin
Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zhi-Ning Zhao
- School
and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xin-Xing Wang
- Tianjin
Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhang
- School
and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical
University, Tianjin 300070, China
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14
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Sharma A, Feng L, Muresanu DF, Tian ZR, Lafuente JV, Buzoianu AD, Nozari A, Bryukhovetskiy I, Manzhulo I, Wiklund L, Sharma HS. Nanowired Delivery of Cerebrolysin Together with Antibodies to Amyloid Beta Peptide, Phosphorylated Tau, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Induces Superior Neuroprotection in Alzheimer's Disease Brain Pathology Exacerbated by Sleep Deprivation. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 32:3-53. [PMID: 37480458 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32997-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation induces amyloid beta peptide and phosphorylated tau deposits in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid together with altered serotonin metabolism. Thus, it is likely that sleep deprivation is one of the predisposing factors in precipitating Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain pathology. Our previous studies indicate significant brain pathology following sleep deprivation or AD. Keeping these views in consideration in this review, nanodelivery of monoclonal antibodies to amyloid beta peptide (AβP), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in sleep deprivation-induced AD is discussed based on our own investigations. Our results suggest that nanowired delivery of monoclonal antibodies to AβP with p-tau and TNF-α induces superior neuroprotection in AD caused by sleep deprivation, not reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lianyuan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Dafin F Muresanu
- Department Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- "RoNeuro" Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Department Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Anca D Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ala Nozari
- Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Igor Bryukhovetskiy
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Igor Manzhulo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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15
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FDA-Approved Kinase Inhibitors in Preclinical and Clinical Trials for Neurological Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121546. [PMID: 36558997 PMCID: PMC9784968 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers and neurological disorders are two major types of diseases. We previously developed a new concept termed "Aberrant Cell Cycle Diseases" (ACCD), revealing that these two diseases share a common mechanism of aberrant cell cycle re-entry. The aberrant cell cycle re-entry is manifested as kinase/oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inactivation, which are hallmarks of both tumor growth in cancers and neuronal death in neurological disorders. Therefore, some cancer therapies (e.g., kinase inhibition, tumor suppressor elevation) can be leveraged for neurological treatments. The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) has so far approved 74 kinase inhibitors, with numerous other kinase inhibitors in clinical trials, mostly for the treatment of cancers. In contrast, there are dire unmet needs of FDA-approved drugs for neurological treatments, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), ischemic stroke (IS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and others. In this review, we list these 74 FDA-approved kinase-targeted drugs and identify those that have been reported in preclinical and/or clinical trials for neurological disorders, with a purpose of discussing the feasibility and applicability of leveraging these cancer drugs (FDA-approved kinase inhibitors) for neurological treatments.
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16
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Role of Nrf2 in aging, Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101756. [PMID: 36243357 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Factor-Erythroid Factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcription factor that regulates the expression of large number of genes in healthy and disease states. Nrf2 is made up of 605 amino acids and contains 7 conserved regions known as Nrf2-ECH homology domains. Nrf2 regulates the expression of several key components of oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, autophagy and mitochondrial function in all organs of the human body, in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Mounting evidence also suggests that altered expression of Nrf2 is largely involved in aging, neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's diseases, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Stroke, Multiple sclerosis and others. The purpose of this article is to detail the essential role of Nrf2 in oxidative stress, antioxidative defense, detoxification, inflammatory responses, transcription factors, proteasomal and autophagic/mitophagic degradation, and metabolism in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This article also highlights the Nrf2 structural and functional activities in healthy and disease states, and also discusses the current status of Nrf2 research and therapeutic strategies to treat aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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17
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The Mechanism of TNF- α-Mediated Accumulation of Phosphorylated Tau Protein and Its Modulation by Propofol in Primary Mouse Hippocampal Neurons: Role of Mitophagy, NLRP3, and p62/Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8661200. [PMID: 35993019 PMCID: PMC9391138 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8661200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation-induced phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) deposition in central nervous system contributes to neurodegenerative disorders. Propofol possesses neuroprotective properties. We investigated its impacts on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated p-Tau deposition in neurons. Methods Mouse hippocampal neurons were exposed to propofol followed by TNF-α. Cell viability, p-Tau, mitophagy, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), antioxidant enzymes, and p62/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway were investigated. Results TNF-α promoted p-Tau accumulation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. TNF-α (20 ng/mL, 4 h) inhibited mitophagy while increased ROS accumulation and NLRP3 activation. It also induced glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) while inhibited protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) phosphorylation. All these effects were attenuated by 25 μM propofol. In addition, TNF-α-induced p-Tau accumulation was attenuated by ROS scavenger, NLRP3 inhibitor, GSK3β inhibitor, or PP2A activator. Besides, compared with control neurons, 100 μM propofol decreased p-Tau accumulation. It also decreased ROS and NLRP3 activation, modulated GSK3β/PP2A phosphorylation, leaving mitophagy unchanged. Further, 100 μM propofol induced p62 expression, reduced Keap1 expression, triggered the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and upregulated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, which was abolished by p62 knockdown, Keap1 overexpression, or Nrf2 inhibitor. Consistently, the inhibitory effect of 100 μM propofol on ROS and p-Tau accumulation was mitigated by p62 knockdown, Keap1 overexpression, or Nrf2 inhibitor. Conclusions In hippocampal neurons, TNF-α inhibited mitophagy, caused oxidative stress and NLRP3 activation, leading to GSK3β/PP2A-dependent Tau phosphorylation. Propofol may reduce p-Tau accumulation by reversing mitophagy and oxidative stress-related events. Besides, propofol may reduce p-Tau accumulation by modulating SOD and HO-1 expression through p62/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
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18
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Khodakarami A, Adibfar S, Karpisheh V, Abolhasani S, Jalali P, Mohammadi H, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The molecular biology and therapeutic potential of Nrf2 in leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:241. [PMID: 35906617 PMCID: PMC9336077 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor has contradictory roles in cancer, which can act as a tumor suppressor or a proto-oncogene in different cell conditions (depending on the cell type and the conditions of the cell environment). Nrf2 pathway regulates several cellular processes, including signaling, energy metabolism, autophagy, inflammation, redox homeostasis, and antioxidant regulation. As a result, it plays a crucial role in cell survival. Conversely, Nrf2 protects cancerous cells from apoptosis and increases proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. It promotes resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies, so we want to elucidate the role of Nrf2 in cancer and the positive point of its targeting. Also, in the past few years, many studies have shown that Nrf2 protects cancer cells, especially leukemic cells, from the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. The present paper summarizes these studies to scrutinize whether targeting Nrf2 combined with chemotherapy would be a therapeutic approach for leukemia treatment. Also, we discussed how Nrf2 and NF-κB work together to control the cellular redox pathway. The role of these two factors in inflammation (antagonistic) and leukemia (synergistic) is also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Khodakarami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Adibfar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shiva Abolhasani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pooya Jalali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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19
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Zinc in Cognitive Impairment and Aging. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12071000. [PMID: 35883555 PMCID: PMC9312494 DOI: 10.3390/biom12071000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc, an essential micronutrient for life, was first discovered in 1869 and later found to be indispensable for the normal development of plants and for the normal growth of rats and birds. Zinc plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes in normal mammalian brain development, especially in the development of the central nervous system. Zinc deficiency can lead to neurodegenerative diseases, mental abnormalities, sleep disorders, tumors, vascular diseases, and other pathological conditions, which can cause cognitive impairment and premature aging. This study aimed to review the important effects of zinc and zinc-associated proteins in cognitive impairment and aging, to reveal its molecular mechanism, and to highlight potential interventions for zinc-associated aging and cognitive impairments.
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20
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Wang Y, Fung NSK, Lam WC, Lo ACY. mTOR Signalling Pathway: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Ocular Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071304. [PMID: 35883796 PMCID: PMC9311918 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the research of the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway demonstrated that mTOR is a robust therapeutic target for ocular degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma. Although the exact mechanisms of individual ocular degenerative diseases are unclear, they share several common pathological processes, increased and prolonged oxidative stress in particular, which leads to functional and morphological impairment in photoreceptors, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). mTOR not only modulates oxidative stress but is also affected by reactive oxygen species (ROS) activation. It is essential to understand the complicated relationship between the mTOR pathway and oxidative stress before its application in the treatment of retinal degeneration. Indeed, the substantial role of mTOR-mediated autophagy in the pathogenies of ocular degenerative diseases should be noted. In reviewing the latest studies, this article summarised the application of rapamycin, an mTOR signalling pathway inhibitor, in different retinal disease models, providing insight into the mechanism of rapamycin in the treatment of retinal neurodegeneration under oxidative stress. Besides basic research, this review also summarised and updated the results of the latest clinical trials of rapamycin in ocular neurodegenerative diseases. In combining the current basic and clinical research results, we provided a more complete picture of mTOR as a potential therapeutic target for ocular neurodegenerative diseases.
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