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Fleige L, Fillatreau S, Claus M, Capellino S. Additional use of α-IgM antibodies potentiates CpG ODN2006-induced B cell activation by targeting mainly naïve and marginal zone-like B cells. Cell Immunol 2024; 403-404:104846. [PMID: 38996539 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
CpG ODN2006 is widely used as a potent B cell stimulant in vitro and in vivo. However, it shows a deficit in targeting naïve B cells in vitro. In this study, we investigated whether α-IgM can support ODN2006-induced effects on B cells to obtain enhanced activation with focus on different B cell subsets. Our results delineated robust B cell activation, shown by increased activation marker expression and cytokine secretion by each agent alone, and further augmented when used in combination. Interestingly, α-IgM targeted mainly naïve and marginal zone-like B cells, thus complementing the pronounced effects of ODN2006 on memory B cells and achieving optimal activation for all B cell subsets. Taken together, combining ODN2006 and α-IgM is beneficial for in vitro activation including all B cell subsets. Furthermore, our results suggest that α-IgM could enhance efficacy of ODN2006 in vivo with further need of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Fleige
- Department of Immunology, Research Group of Neuroimmunology, IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Ardeystraße 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Simon Fillatreau
- Department of Immunology, Infectiology and Haematology, Research Group of Immunity in health and disease, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Faculté de Médecine Necker, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris Cedex, France
| | - Maren Claus
- Department of Immunology, Research Group of Immunmodulation, IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Ardeystraße 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Silvia Capellino
- Department of Immunology, Research Group of Neuroimmunology, IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Ardeystraße 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
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2
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Wu WC, Shiu C, Tong TK, Leung SO, Hui CW. Suppression of NK Cell Activation by JAK3 Inhibition: Implication in the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:8924603. [PMID: 38106519 PMCID: PMC10723930 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8924603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell is an essential cytotoxic lymphocyte in our innate immunity. Activation of NK cells is of paramount importance in defending against pathogens, suppressing autoantibody production and regulating other immune cells. Common gamma chain (γc) cytokines, including IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21, are defined as essential regulators for NK cell homeostasis and development. However, it is inconclusive whether γc cytokine-driven NK cell activation plays a protective or pathogenic role in the development of autoimmunity. In this study, we investigate and correlate the differential effects of γc cytokines in NK cell expansion and activation. IL-2 and IL-15 are mainly responsible for NK cell activation, while IL-21 preferentially stimulates NK cell proliferation. Blockade of Janus tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway by either JAK inhibitors or antibodies targeting γc receptor subunits reverses the γc cytokine-induced NK cell activation, leading to suppression of its autoimmunity-like phenotype in vitro. These results underline the mechanisms of how γc cytokines trigger autoimmune phenotype in NK cells as a potential target to autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Chung Wu
- SinoMab BioScience Limited, Units 303 and 305 to 307, No. 15 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Carol Shiu
- SinoMab BioScience Limited, Units 303 and 305 to 307, No. 15 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Tak Keung Tong
- SinoMab BioScience Limited, Units 303 and 305 to 307, No. 15 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Shui On Leung
- SinoMab BioScience Limited, Units 303 and 305 to 307, No. 15 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chin Wai Hui
- SinoMab BioScience Limited, Units 303 and 305 to 307, No. 15 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong
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3
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Feng W, Beer JC, Hao Q, Ariyapala IS, Sahajan A, Komarov A, Cha K, Moua M, Qiu X, Xu X, Iyengar S, Yoshimura T, Nagaraj R, Wang L, Yu M, Engel K, Zhen L, Xue W, Lee CJ, Park CH, Peng C, Zhang K, Grzybowski A, Hahm J, Schmidt SV, Odainic A, Spitzer J, Buddika K, Kuo D, Fang L, Zhang B, Chen S, Latz E, Yin Y, Luo Y, Ma XJ. NULISA: a proteomic liquid biopsy platform with attomolar sensitivity and high multiplexing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7238. [PMID: 37945559 PMCID: PMC10636041 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42834-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood proteome holds great promise for precision medicine but poses substantial challenges due to the low abundance of most plasma proteins and the vast dynamic range of the plasma proteome. Here we address these challenges with NUcleic acid Linked Immuno-Sandwich Assay (NULISA™), which improves the sensitivity of traditional proximity ligation assays by ~10,000-fold to attomolar level, by suppressing assay background via a dual capture and release mechanism built into oligonucleotide-conjugated antibodies. Highly multiplexed quantification of both low- and high-abundance proteins spanning a wide dynamic range is achieved by attenuating signals from abundant targets with unconjugated antibodies and next-generation sequencing of barcoded reporter DNA. A 200-plex NULISA containing 124 cytokines and chemokines and other proteins demonstrates superior sensitivity to a proximity extension assay in detecting biologically important low-abundance biomarkers in patients with autoimmune diseases and COVID-19. Fully automated NULISA makes broad and in-depth proteomic analysis easily accessible for research and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | - Qinyu Hao
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Katie Cha
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Mason Moua
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | - Xiaomei Xu
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Li Wang
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Ming Yu
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Kate Engel
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Lucas Zhen
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Wen Xue
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Cheng Peng
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Susanne V Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandru Odainic
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jasper Spitzer
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Dwight Kuo
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Lei Fang
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | | | - Steve Chen
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yiyuan Yin
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Yuling Luo
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc, Fremont, CA, USA.
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4
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Feng W, Beer J, Hao Q, Ariyapala IS, Sahajan A, Komarov A, Cha K, Moua M, Qiu X, Xu X, Iyengar S, Yoshimura T, Nagaraj R, Wang L, Yu M, Engel K, Zhen L, Xue W, Lee CJ, Park CH, Peng C, Zhang K, Grzybowski A, Hahm J, Schmidt SV, Odainic A, Spitzer J, Buddika K, Kuo D, Fang L, Zhang B, Chen S, Latz E, Yin Y, Luo Y, Ma XJ. NULISA: a novel proteomic liquid biopsy platform with attomolar sensitivity and high multiplexing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.09.536130. [PMID: 37090549 PMCID: PMC10120728 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.09.536130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The blood proteome holds great promise for precision medicine but poses substantial challenges due to the low abundance of most plasma proteins and the vast dynamic range across the proteome. We report a novel proteomic technology - NUcleic acid Linked Immuno-Sandwich Assay (NULISA™) - that incorporates a dual capture and release mechanism to suppress the assay background and improves the sensitivity of the proximity ligation assay by over 10,000-fold to the attomolar level. It utilizes pairs of antibodies conjugated to DNA oligonucleotides that enable immunocomplex purification and generate reporter DNA containing target- and sample-specific barcodes for a next-generation sequencing-based, highly multiplexed readout. A 200-plex NULISA targeting 124 cytokines and chemokines and 80 other immune response-related proteins demonstrated superior sensitivity for detecting low-abundance proteins and high concordance with other immunoassays. The ultrahigh sensitivity allowed the detection of previously difficult-to-detect, but biologically important, low-abundance biomarkers in patients with autoimmune diseases and COVID-19. Fully automated NULISA addresses longstanding challenges in proteomic analysis of liquid biopsies and makes broad and in-depth proteomic analysis accessible to the general research community and future diagnostic applications.
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Elshari ZS, Nepesov S, Tahrali I, Kiykim A, Camcioglu Y, Deniz G, Kucuksezer UC. Comparison of mitogen-induced proliferation in child and adult healthy groups by flow cytometry revealed similarities. Immunol Res 2023; 71:51-59. [PMID: 36261686 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The proliferation of antigen-specific lymphocyte clones, the initial step in acquired immunity, is vital for effector functions. Proliferation tests both in immunology research and diagnosis are gaining attendance gradually, while the use of adult healthy individuals as controls of pediatric patients is a question. This study aimed to investigate and compare mitogen-stimulated proliferation responses of total lymphocytes and T- and B-lymphocyte subsets in adult and children healthy donors. Nineteen children and 20 adult healthy donors were enrolled in this study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) purified from peripheral blood samples of the donors, by Ficoll gradient centrifugation, were stained with CFSE and were cultured in a 37 ℃ CO2 incubator for 120 h with the absence or existence of polyclonal activators: PHA and CD-Mix. After cell culture, PBMCs were stained with monoclonal antibodies against CD4 and CD19, and proliferation percentages of CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells, together with total lymphocytes were determined by flow cytometry. This study revealed similarities between children and adult age groups, concerning mitogenic stimulation of the lymphocytes. The only difference was a significantly high proliferation of pediatric CD4+ T cells in response to PHA. CD4+ T cell responses against PHA were inversely correlated with altering age. When pediatric individuals were distributed into age groups of 0-2 years, 3-5 years, and 6-18 years, PHA responses of CD4+ cells were found to be diminished with advancing age. These findings propose the possibility of enrollment of adult healthy individuals as controls for pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakya Shoub Elshari
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Vakif Gureba St. 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakif Gureba St. 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Nepesov
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Medical Park Goztepe Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tahrali
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakif Gureba St. 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yildiz Camcioglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gunnur Deniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakif Gureba St. 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Can Kucuksezer
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakif Gureba St. 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
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ROS-Induced DNA-Damage and Autophagy in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Usnea barbata Oil Extract-An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314836. [PMID: 36499160 PMCID: PMC9738295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with aging, cancers, and numerous metabolic and chronic disorders, and phenolic compounds are well known for their health-promoting role due to their free-radical scavenging activity. These phytochemicals could also exhibit pro-oxidant effects. Due to its bioactive phenolic secondary metabolites, Usnea barbata (L.) Weber ex. F.H. Wigg (U. barbata) displays anticancer and antioxidant activities and has been used as a phytomedicine for thousands of years. The present work aims to analyze the properties of U. barbata extract in canola oil (UBO). The UBO cytotoxicity on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) CLS-354 cell line and blood cell cultures was explored through complex flow cytometry analyses regarding apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the enzymatic activity of caspase 3/7, cell cycle, nuclear shrinkage (NS), autophagy (A), and synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). All these studies were concomitantly performed on canola oil (CNO) to evidence the interaction of lichen metabolites with the constituents of this green solvent used for extraction. The obtained data evidenced that UBO inhibited CLS-354 oral cancer cell proliferation through ROS generation (316.67 × 104), determining higher levels of nuclear shrinkage (40.12%), cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 (92.51%; G0 is the differentiation phase, while during G1 phase occurs preparation for cell division), DNA fragmentation (2.97%), and autophagy (62.98%) than in blood cells. At a substantially higher ROS level in blood cells (5250.00 × 104), the processes that lead to cell death-NS (30.05%), cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 (86.30%), DNA fragmentation (0.72%), and autophagy (39.37%)-are considerably lower than in CLS-354 oral cancer cells. Our work reveals the ROS-mediated anticancer potential of UBO through DNA damage and autophagy. Moreover, the present study suggests that UBO pharmacological potential could result from the synergism between lichen secondary metabolites and canola oil phytoconstituents.
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