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Remm SE, Halcomb E, Peters K, Hatcher D, Frost SA. Self-efficacy, resilience and healthy ageing among older people who have an acute hospital admission: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Open 2023; 10:7168-7177. [PMID: 37605462 PMCID: PMC10563429 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the associations between self-efficacy, resilience and healthy ageing among older people who have an acute hospital admission. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS Survey and medical record data were collected from older people on discharge from hospital. The survey measured self-efficacy with the 6-item General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE-6), resilience with the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and healthy ageing with the Selfie Ageing Index (SAI). Medical record data included potential confounders: co-morbidities, frailty items, previous falls and previous admission in the last 28 days. Multi-linear regression and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used to examine the independent associations between self-efficacy, resilience and healthy ageing. RESULTS Responses were received from 143 older people (mean age 79). After adjusting for potential confounders, co-morbidities (ß = -0.08, p = 0.001) remained negatively associated with healthy ageing, while self-efficacy (ß = 0.03, p = 0.005) and resilience (ß = 0.05, p < 0.001) remained positively associated with healthy ageing (R2 = 0.243). Positive correlations were found between self-efficacy (ρ = 0.33, p < 0.01), resilience (ρ = 0.38, p < 0.001) and healthy ageing. Positive correlations were also found between self-efficacy and resilience (ρ = 0.38, p < 0.01). Those with lower self-efficacy and resilience were more likely to report reduced activities of daily living, mobility, physical activity and mood. CONCLUSION Findings indicate that while the number of co-morbidities have negative consequences for healthy ageing among older people who are hospitalised, the promotion of self-efficacy and resilience can potentially contribute to healthy ageing within the physical and psychological domains. IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE Nurses can promote self-efficacy, which can potentially increase resilience and help to improve self-management of chronic conditions, functional ability in daily activities, mobility and physical activity and reduce both anxiety and depressive symptoms. PATIENT CONTRIBUTION Participant feedback throughout the data collection process assisted in the evaluation of study methods and data interpretation. This included processes such as assessing selected tools and clarifying the meanings of healthy ageing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Remm
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Elizabeth Halcomb
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of NursingUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Kath Peters
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Deborah Hatcher
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Steven A. Frost
- School of NursingUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
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Miķelsone M, Reine I, Tomsone S, Guðmundsson H, Ivanovs A, Guðmundsson HS. Construction of healthy aging index from two different datasets. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1231779. [PMID: 37744491 PMCID: PMC10513080 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1231779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aging population presents both unique challenges and opportunities for societies around the world. To develop an effective healthy aging strategy, a tool for assessing aging process is needed. Numerous attempts to quantify the aging process have been made. However, there is still a challenge in developing and choosing a good enough score that is easy to apply, has a construct of variables that are available in most nationwide surveys for comparable results, and at the same time reflects the aging process of older individuals. The purpose of this study is to present our approach to construct a comparable Healthy Aging Index (HAI). Materials and methods In Latvia, data from Wave 8 of the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), involving 420 respondents, were used. For comparative analysis, data from a HL20 study on the health and wellbeing of the older adults in Iceland, which included 1,033 respondents, were used. Results For Latvia, 13 items were selected, and for Iceland, nine items were selected. We constructed the HAI with four similar subscales for both countries-"Autonomy," "Health," "Wellbeing," and "Activities," and an additional subscale "Cognitive" for Latvia. We found matching items in all four subscales. For the Autonomy subscale, they were related to difficulties with everyday and daily tasks. In the Health subscale, the only matching item was self-rated physical health. One item related to loneliness was found for the Wellbeing subscale and one item related to social participation for the Activities subscale. Discussion In our study, we found evidence for the successful construction of a HAI in two different datasets. The strength of our construct lies in the use of data from one of the largest social science panel studies in Europe (SHARE). As we were able to apply the construct to the Icelandic study, we believe that items presented in our approach are available in other population-based studies as well, and, therefore, can be easily replicated by others. By examining the existing SHARE data, HAI could be used to analyze long-term changes and could provide a foundation for comparing and monitoring the evolution of aging over time as well as comparing the aging process across societies. This is required for the authorities to conduct further analyses, proposals, and action plans in support of healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ieva Reine
- Statistics Unit, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Signe Tomsone
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Helgi Guðmundsson
- Social Science Research Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Behr LC, Simm A, Kluttig A, Grosskopf Großkopf A. 60 years of healthy aging: On definitions, biomarkers, scores and challenges. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101934. [PMID: 37059401 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE As the proportion of aging people in our population increases steadily, global strategies accompanied by extensive research are necessary to tackle society and health service challenges. The World Health Organization recently published an action plan: "Decade of healthy aging 2020-2030", which calls for concerted collaboration to prevent poverty of older people to provide quality education, job opportunities, and an age-inclusive infrastructure. However, scientists worldwide still struggle to find definitions and appropriate measurements of aging per se and healthy aging in particular. This literature review aims to compile concepts of healthy aging and provide a condensed overview of the challenges in defining and measuring it, along with suggestions for further research. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted three independent systematic literature searches covering the main scopes addressed in this review: (1) concepts and definitions of healthy aging, (2) outcomes and measures in (healthy) aging studies and (3) scores and indices of healthy aging. For each scope, the retrieved literature body was screened and subsequently synthesized. RESULTS We provide a historical overview of the concepts of healthy aging over the past 60 years. Furthermore, we identifiy current difficulties in identifying healthy agers, including dichotomous measurements, illness-centered views, study populations & designs. Secondly, markers and measures of healthy aging are discussed, including points to consider, like plausibility, consistency, and robustness. Finally, we present healthy aging scores as measurements, which combine multiple aspects to avoid a dichotomous categorization and display the bio-psycho-social concept of healthy aging. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION When deducting research, scientists need to consider the diverse challenges in defining and measuring healthy aging. Considering that, we recommend scores that combine multiple aspects of healthy aging, such as the Healthy Ageing Index or the ATHLOS score, among others. Further efforts are to be made on a harmonized definition of healthy aging and validated measuring instruments that are modular, easy to apply and provide comparable results in different studies and cohorts to enhance the generalization of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Charlotte Behr
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, University Medicine Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany; Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, University Medicine Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Grosskopf Großkopf
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, University Medicine Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Remm SE, Peters K, Halcomb E, Hatcher D, Frost SA. Healthy ageing status and risk of readmission among acutely hospitalised older people. Collegian 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Keeratisiroj O, Kitreerawutiwong N, Mekrungrongwong S. Development of Self-Active Aging Index (S-AAI) among rural elderly in lower northern Thailand classified by age and gender. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2676. [PMID: 36792795 PMCID: PMC9932059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a Self-Active Aging Index (S-AAI) for the rural community of Thailand using the World Health Organization (WHO) framework, and score it according to age and gender. Overall, 1,098 elderly people were randomly selected. The self-reported questionnaires were categorized into three segments: health, participation, and security according to the WHO framework. An exploratory factor analysis was used to determine appropriate components. The S-AAI comprised 28 indicators and 9 factors: (1) mental/subjective health; (2) physical health; (3) health behavior and chronic disease; (4) vision and hearing; (5) oral health; (6) social participation; (7) stability in life; (8) financial stability; and (9) secure living. The overall S-AAI for all components was 0.65, with the index inversely proportional to age, but with no gender differences. The S-AAI is potentially Thailand's first multi-dimensional interactive aging assessment tool with a unique cultural context for rural areas. Although this tool is valid, it requires reliability testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orawan Keeratisiroj
- Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Nithra Kitreerawutiwong
- grid.412029.c0000 0000 9211 2704Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000 Thailand
| | - Sunsanee Mekrungrongwong
- grid.412029.c0000 0000 9211 2704Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000 Thailand
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Costa A, Henriques J, Alarcão V, Henriques A, Madeira T, Virgolino A, Sousa J, Feteira-Santos R, Arriaga M, Rocha J, Nogueira P. Active aging awareness and well-being among older adults in Portugal. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1149731. [PMID: 37124788 PMCID: PMC10130580 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1149731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to assess the active aging awareness of older adults in mainland Portugal and their levels of overall well-being and to identify social and health-related factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 613 older adults, aged 65 or older, who participated in the PROKnos - Knowing Social Prescribing needs of the elderly study in Portugal. The questionnaire consisted of the Active Ageing Awareness Questionnaire and the World Health Organization - Five Well-Being Index, as well as sociodemographic, economic, and health status questions. Correlation coefficients, t-tests for independent samples, and one-way ANOVA were used to explore potential associations between variables. Results The active aging awareness levels were significantly higher for women (p = 0.031), and those who were younger (p = 0.011), more educated (p < 0.001), had a better financial situation (p < 0.001), and had better health (p < 0.001). The same pattern was found for well-being, except in relation to gender, as men had higher levels (p = 0.016). These variables were found to be correlated. Discussion Even though active aging is an important strategy to implement, it is indispensable to consider the perceptions and conditions that need to be in place before that. This study reveals that several social and health-related factors are associated with well-being and active aging awareness, as well as the differences between groups that exist in mainland Portugal in relation to that. This emphasizes how vital it is to address social inequalities in active aging efforts, which are not necessarily uncovered when only considering actual active aging measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Costa
- Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), Nursing School of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
- Católica Research Centre for Psychological-Family and Social Wellbeing (CRC-W), Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Andreia Costa,
| | - Joana Henriques
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, ENSP, Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, CISP, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Violeta Alarcão
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES-Iscte), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (Iscte), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adriana Henriques
- Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), Nursing School of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Madeira
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Virgolino
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Sousa
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Feteira-Santos
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Arriaga
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
- Católica Research Centre for Psychological-Family and Social Wellbeing (CRC-W), Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Rocha
- Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território da Universidade de Lisboa (IGOT-ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Nogueira
- Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), Nursing School of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas – TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, ENSP, Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, CISP, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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da Silva Sousa NF, de Azevedo Barros MB. Level of active aging: Influence of environmental, social and health-related factors. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 90:104094. [PMID: 32485497 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze social, environmental and health-related inequalities in the level of active aging among older adults who participated in the Health Survey conducted in the city of Campinas, Brazil. METHODS The level of active aging was estimated based on a ranking of engagement in activities using factor analysis. More active older adults (situated in the highest tertile of the ranking) were compared with the others through the prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95 % confidence intervals (CI) estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS The study population thus consisted of 986 older adults. The majority of the respondents were female (57.6 %), in the 60-69 years age group (56.7 %), had less than 8 years of schooling (65.3 %) and had a per capita family income of 1-3 minimum salaries (55.3 %). Access to public spaces for the practice of physical activity near the home (PR = 1.44; 95 % CI, 1.07-1.94) and higher level of education (PR = 2.14; 95 % CI, 1.60-2.86), income (PR = 1.73; 95 % CI, 1.25-2.40), physical health (PR = 1.44; 95 % CI, 1.13-1.82) and mental health (PR = 1.62; 95 % CI, 1.05-2.49) were more prevalent among older adults with a high level of active aging. DISCUSSION The findings demonstrate that the level of involvement in activities does not solely depend on personal choices. Social, economic, environmental, physical and mental contexts all exert a strong influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neuciani Ferreira da Silva Sousa
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Campinas, SP 13084-971, Brazil.
| | - Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Campinas, SP 13084-971, Brazil.
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Individual healthy aging indices, measurements and scores. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:1719-1725. [PMID: 31463926 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01327-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The positive gerontological approach to aging has resulted in successive terminologies to describe the process of aging, including successful aging, active aging, healthy aging, or healthy and active aging, amongst others. Each definition proposed by geriatricians, psychologists, sociologists or public health specialists has been based on specific aspects of aging that are most important to the authors' discipline, explaining the current difficulty in determining which is the best set of criteria to determine "good aging". Two successive analyses of the measurements used in longitudinal studies from 1989 to 2018 testify to this heterogeneity in the types of questions proposed to evaluate the quality of the individual aging process. To confront this complexity, new and integrated indices have successively been proposed to quantify and qualify the survival period of aging individuals. The present paper aims to describe and compare the value of the "healthy aging index", the "modified healthy aging index", the "healthy aging score" and the "selfie aging test". Attempts to date to identify the best individual measurement of "aging well" have been interesting, and certainly show promise, but their limitations to specific populations call for more concerted effort from the scientific community to obtain worldwide validation. Another option would be to identify the best self-assessment questionnaire and include it in a mobile device, enabling longer term personal follow-up of aging functions. There is a clear lack of data of this type at present, and an urgent need to obtain such information, to enable early and targeted interventions.
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