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Pac CP, Munteanu M, Sánchez-González JM, Rocha-de-Lossada C, Mercea N, Ferrari F, Stanca HT, Cosnita DAR, Ionica M, Boruga O, Danielescu C, Blidisel A. Long-Term Impacts of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy on Ocular Surface Health and Tear Film Dynamics in Patients with Dry Eye Disease: Detailed Analysis and Observations Over a 1-Year Follow-Up Period. Ophthalmol Ther 2024:10.1007/s40123-024-01017-7. [PMID: 39150603 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-024-01017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the long-term effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy on patients with dry eye disease (DED) associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS A retrospective case series was performed with 110 participants undergoing IPL therapy. Assessments included the eye fitness test (EFT) to gauge subjective symptoms, along with objective measures using the Tearcheck® device (ESW Vision, Houdan, France) noninvasive first breakup time (NIFBUT), noninvasive average breakup time (NIABUT), central tear meniscus height (CTMH), thinnest tear meniscus height (TTMH), and ocular surface inflammatory risk evaluation (OSIE) assessed using the SCHWIND SIRIUS device (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions GmbH, Kleinostheim, Germany). RESULTS This study documented significant improvements in subjective and objective symptoms associated with DED and MGD. Subjective symptoms measured by the EFT showed an average increase of 9.74 points (range -10 to 28, standard deviation [SD] ± 7.54), indicating reduced symptoms. Objective measures of tear film stability, represented by NIABUT, increased by an average of 4.04 s (range -15.00 to 14.40, SD ± 4.91). Tear film stability evaluation (TFSE) scores decreased by 229.12 points on average (range -1775 to 528, SD ± 384.94), suggesting enhanced tear film stability. OSIE type 1 showed a reduction in inflammation, with a percentage decrease of 4.98% (range -45 to 5, SD ± 7.33). Additionally, OSIE capture time decreased by 3.25 s on average (range -27 to 22, SD ± 10.35), further indicating an improvement in ocular surface health. CONCLUSION IPL therapy was shown to be a promising, noninvasive approach for improving quality of life in patients with DED by effectively managing symptoms and stabilizing tear film. The findings support the use of IPL as a sustainable treatment modality for DED associated with MGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina-Patricia Pac
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihnea Munteanu
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
- Oftalmo Sensory-Tumor Research Center-ORL (EYE-ENT), Timisoara, Romania
| | - José-María Sánchez-González
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, University of Seville, Reina Mercedes Street, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qvision VITHAS Almeria Hospital, 04120, Almeria, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, VITHAS Malaga, 29016, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, 29009, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology Area, University of Seville, 41009, Seville, Spain
| | - Nadina Mercea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Municipal Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Francis Ferrari
- Clinique Espace Nouvelle Vision, 6 Rue de la Grande Chaumière, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Horia T Stanca
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Andrei Radu Cosnita
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Ionica
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Boruga
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ciprian Danielescu
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Grigore T Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115, Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Blidisel
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
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Ballesteros-Sánchez A, Sánchez-González JM, Tedesco GR, Rocha-De-Lossada C, Russo F, Spinelli A, Ingrande I, Borroni D. Efficacy and Safety of Quantum Molecular Resonance Electrotherapy in Patients with Aqueous-Deficient, Evaporative and Mixed-Type Dry Eye: A Randomized Interventional Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2024; 13:495-507. [PMID: 38113022 PMCID: PMC10787725 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00868-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Quantum Molecular Resonance (QMR) treatment in patients with severe dry eye disease (DED), as well as its effects on aqueous-deficient (ADDE), evaporative (EDE), and mixed (MDE) dry eye. METHODS In this prospective, interventional study, 81 patients were randomly allocated to received four treatment sessions of QMR at 1-week intervals (Rexon-Eye®, Resono Ophthalmic, Trieste, Italy) (QRM group) or tear substitute four times daily, containing 0.15% sodium hyaluronate and 3% trehalose (Thealoz Duo®, Thea Pharma, France) (SH-TH group). Outcome measures included ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear meniscus height (TMH), tear breakup time (TBUT), non-invasive breakup time (NIBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear film osmolarity (OSM), and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) grade, which were assessed at baseline and 1-month and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS The QMR group achieved better improvements than the SH-TH group in OSDI and SANDE questionnaires, NIBUT, LLT, and CFS. The mean differences between the groups were as follows: OSDI (- 12.4 ± 0.25 points, P = 0.01), SANDE (10.6 ± 1.7 points, P = 0.01), NIBUT (2 ± 0.25 s, P = 0.01), LLT (18.7 ± 0.7 nm, P = 0.01), and CFS (1.2 ± 0.1 points, P = 0.02). In subgroups analysis, QMR treatment demonstrated a beneficial role to improve DED symptoms and signs in ADDE, EDE, and MDE. CONCLUSION QMR is an effective and well-tolerated treatment that seems to improve DED symptoms and signs in patients with severe DED. However, further studies are needed to confirm this. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT06119386.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ballesteros-Sánchez
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, University of Seville, 41004, Seville, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Novovisión, 30008, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Carlos Rocha-De-Lossada
- Qvision, Ophthalmology Department, VITHAS Almeria Hospital, 04120, Almeria, Spain
- Ophthalmology Department, VITHAS Malaga, 29016, Malaga, Spain
- Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Hospital Civil Square, 29009, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology Area, University of Seville, 41009, Seville, Spain
| | - Fedele Russo
- Studio Oculistica Tedesco, 88024, Girifaldo, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Borroni
- Riga Stradins University, Riga, 1007, Latvia.
- Centro Oculistico Borroni, Gallarate, Italy.
- Eyemetagenomics Ltd., 71-75, Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London, WC2H 9JQ, UK.
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Borroni D, Mazzotta C, Rocha-de-Lossada C, Sánchez-González JM, Ballesteros-Sanchez A, García-Lorente M, Zamorano-Martín F, Spinelli A, Schiano-Lomoriello D, Tedesco GR. Dry Eye Para-Inflammation Treatment: Evaluation of a Novel Tear Substitute Containing Hyaluronic Acid and Low-Dose Hydrocortisone. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3277. [PMID: 38137498 PMCID: PMC10740799 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to check the efficacy and safety of a novel tear substitute containing hyaluronic acid and low-dose hydrocortisone in the treatment of moderate dry eye disease. Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 38 patients with moderate dry eye disease were divided into two treatment groups: Group 1 received one drop of 0.2% sodium hyaluronate and 0.001% hydrocortisone four times daily for 3 months, while Group 2 received 0.15% sodium hyaluronate and 3% trehalose at the same dosage. OSDI and SANDE questionnaires, Non-Invasive Break-Up time (NIBUT), Tear Meniscus Height (TMH), meibography, Lipid Layer Thickness (LLT), Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT), Corneal Staining Score (CFS), and Intraocular Pressure (IOP) were evaluated at baseline and after 1, 2, and 3 months of treatment. Results: During the treatment period, Group 1 showed statistically significant improvement in OSDI score (p = 0.002), SANDE score (p = 0.01), NIBUT (p < 0.0001), LLT (p < 0.0001), TBUT (p = 0.01), and CFS (p = 0.02). In Group 2, significant improvement was observed only in the TBUT score (p < 0.05). Comparison of the two groups showed that NIBUT and LLT were significantly different at the end of treatment (p = 0.001 for both comparisons), with more favorable results for sodium hyaluronate and hydrocortisone than for sodium hyaluronate and trehalose. No significant variations in intraocular pressure were observed in either group during the treatment period (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The study confirms that a 3-months treatment with hyaluronic acid 0.2% in combination with low-dose hydrocortisone 0.001% improves the signs and symptoms of moderate DED and that a low-dosage 0.001% hydrocortisone can be helpful in preventing the progression to chronic stages of DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Borroni
- Centro Oculistico Borroni, Gallarate, 21013 Varese, Italy
- Eyemetagenomics Ltd., 71–75, Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9JQ, UK
| | - Cosimo Mazzotta
- Siena Crosslinking Center, 53035 Siena, Italy;
- Departmental Ophthalmology Unit, USL Toscana Sud Est l, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Postgraduate Ophthalmology School, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada
- Ophthalmology Department, QVision, Vithas Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario Málaga, 29016 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-L.); (F.Z.-M.)
| | - José-María Sánchez-González
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.-M.S.-G.); (A.B.-S.)
| | - Antonio Ballesteros-Sanchez
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.-M.S.-G.); (A.B.-S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Novovision, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - María García-Lorente
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario Málaga, 29016 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-L.); (F.Z.-M.)
| | - Francisco Zamorano-Martín
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario Málaga, 29016 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-L.); (F.Z.-M.)
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Abadi B, Ilaghi M, Shahsavani Y, Faramarzpour M, Oghazian MB, Rahimi HR. Antibiotics with Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Potential Against Covid-19: A Review. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2023; 18:51-63. [PMID: 34994339 DOI: 10.2174/2772432817666220106162013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In Covid-19 cases, elderly patients in long-term care facilities, children younger than five years with moderate symptoms, and patients admitted to ICU or with comorbidities are at a high risk of coinfection, as suggested by the evidence. Thus, in these patients, antibiotic therapy based on empirical evidence is necessary. Finding appropriate antimicrobial agents, especially with antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, is a promising approach to target the virus and its complications, hyper-inflammation, and microorganisms resulting in co-infection. Moreover, indiscriminate use of antibiotics can be accompanied by Clostridioides difficile colitis, the emergence of resistant microorganisms, and adverse drug reactions, particularly kidney damage and QT prolongation. Therefore, rational administration of efficient antibiotics is an important issue. The main objective of the present review is to provide a summary of antibiotics with possible antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and anti-immunomodulatory effects to guide scientists for further research. Besides, the findings can help health professionals in the rational prescription of antibiotics in Covid-19 patients with a high risk of co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafshe Abadi
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehran Ilaghi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Yasamin Shahsavani
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahsa Faramarzpour
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Oghazian
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamid-Reza Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Mohamed SA, Byomy M, El Sayed EESM, Hussein MO, Abdulrehim MM, Elmahdy AG. Branch Retinal Vein Occlusions as a Serious Complication of Covid 19 Infection. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) has an incidence of 0.5–1.2%. COVID-19 is associated with both venous and arterial thromboembolisms due to excessive inflammation, hypoxia, immobilization, and diffuse intravascular coagulation.
AIM: The present study aims to describe our experience with BRVO in Egyptian COVID-19 patients.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The present retrospective study included 17 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-proven COVID-19 patients with BRVO. Data obtained from the studied patients included detailed history taking. In addition, patients were diagnosed with BRVO based on a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation, including logMAR Best-corrected visual acuity assessment, slit-lamp bio-microscopy, fundoscopy, fundus fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography macular assessment.
RESULTS: The present study included 17 PCR-proven COVID-19 patients with BRVO. They comprised 9 males (52.9%) and 8 females (47.1%) with an age of 52.8 ± 13.3 years. Fundus examination revealed BRVO as superior temporal in 9 patients (52.9%), inferior temporal in 5 patients (29.4%), superior nasal in 2 patients (11.8%), and inferior nasal in 1 patient (5.9%). The reported retinal thickness was 355.7 ± 41.7 μm. In addition, fundus fluorescein angiography identified ischemic changes in 2 patients (11.8%).
CONCLUSION: BRVO is a rare severe complication of COVID-19 infection. In patients with proven or suspected infection with a diminution of vision, there should be high suspicion of BRVO and prompt full-scale ophthalmological examination to exclude the condition.
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Xia X, Cheng A, Wang M, Ou X, Sun D, Mao S, Huang J, Yang Q, Wu Y, Chen S, Zhang S, Zhu D, Jia R, Liu M, Zhao XX, Gao Q, Tian B. Functions of Viroporins in the Viral Life Cycle and Their Regulation of Host Cell Responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:890549. [PMID: 35720341 PMCID: PMC9202500 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.890549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viroporins are virally encoded transmembrane proteins that are essential for viral pathogenicity and can participate in various stages of the viral life cycle, thereby promoting viral proliferation. Viroporins have multifaceted effects on host cell biological functions, including altering cell membrane permeability, triggering inflammasome formation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, and evading immune responses, thereby ensuring that the virus completes its life cycle. Viroporins are also virulence factors, and their complete or partial deletion often reduces virion release and reduces viral pathogenicity, highlighting the important role of these proteins in the viral life cycle. Thus, viroporins represent a common drug-protein target for inhibiting drugs and the development of antiviral therapies. This article reviews current studies on the functions of viroporins in the viral life cycle and their regulation of host cell responses, with the aim of improving the understanding of this growing family of viral proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Xia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Di Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
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Dorobisz K, Dorobisz T, Janczak D, Zatoński T. Doxycycline in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Therapy. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2021; 17:1023-1026. [PMID: 34584416 PMCID: PMC8464303 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s314923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory syndrome, associated with coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the most important medical and epidemic problem of today. The biggest challenge is to find an effective treatment and to reduce the need for hospitalisation. In the article, the patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treated with doxycycline with significant improvement have been discussed. Doxycycline is a known antibiotic, but also an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drug, so it seems to be ideal for the treatment of COVID-19. Doxycycline, as an easily available and low-cost medication, should be considered as a COVID-19 therapy in all patients in the first days of the symptoms of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Due to its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and antiviral effects, it seems to be an ideal drug for patients with mild, moderate and severe disease. A large multicentre study is needed to evaluate the effects of this medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Dorobisz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Dorobisz
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Janczak
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zatoński
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Ayipo YO, Yahaya SN, Alananzeh WA, Babamale HF, Mordi MN. Pathomechanisms, therapeutic targets and potent inhibitors of some beta-coronaviruses from bench-to-bedside. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021; 93:104944. [PMID: 34052418 PMCID: PMC8159710 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of their primitive strains, the complexity surrounding their pathogenesis, constant genetic mutation and translation are contributing factors to the scarcity of a successful vaccine for coronaviruses till moment. Although, the recent announcement of vaccine breakthrough for COVID-19 renews the hope, however, there remains a major challenge of accessibility to urgently match the rapid global therapeutic demand for curtailing the pandemic, thereby creating an impetus for further search. The reassessment of results from a stream of experiments is of enormous importance in identifying bona fide lead-like candidates to fulfil this quest. This review comprehensively highlights the common pathomechanisms and pharmacological targets of HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, and potent therapeutic potentials from basic and clinical experimental investigations. The implicated targets for the prevention and treatment include the viral proteases (Mpro, PLpro, 3CLpro), viral structural proteins (S- and N-proteins), non-structural proteins (nsp 3, 8, 10, 14, 16), accessory protein (ns12.9), viroporins (3a, E, 8a), enzymes (RdRp, TMPRSS2, ADP-ribosyltransferase, MTase, 2'-O-MTase, TATase, furin, cathepsin, deamidated human triosephosphate isomerase), kinases (MAPK, ERK, PI3K, mTOR, AKT, Abl2), interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) and the human host receptor, ACE2. Notably among the 109 overviewed inhibitors include quercetin, eriodictyol, baicalin, luteolin, melatonin, resveratrol and berberine from natural products, GC373, NP164 and HR2P-M2 from peptides, 5F9, m336 and MERS-GD27 from specific human antibodies, imatinib, remdesivir, ivermectin, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, nafamostat, interferon-β and HCQ from repurposing libraries, some iron chelators and traditional medicines. This review represents a model for further translational studies for effective anti-CoV therapeutic designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia,Department of Chemistry, Kwara State University, P. M. B. 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Sani Najib Yahaya
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Waleed A. Alananzeh
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Nizam Mordi
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia,Corresponding author
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Cao Y, Yang R, Lee I, Zhang W, Sun J, Wang W, Meng X. Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 E Protein: Sequence, Structure, Viroporin, and Inhibitors. Protein Sci 2021; 30:1114-1130. [PMID: 33813796 PMCID: PMC8138525 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 epidemic is one of the most influential epidemics in history. Understanding the impact of coronaviruses (CoVs) on host cells is very important for disease treatment. The SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein is a small structural protein involved in many aspects of the viral life cycle. The E protein promotes the packaging and reproduction of the virus, and deletion of this protein weakens or even abolishes the virulence. This review aims to establish new knowledge by combining recent advances in the study of the SARS-CoV-2 E protein and by comparing it with the SARS-CoV E protein. The E protein amino acid sequence, structure, self-assembly characteristics, viroporin mechanisms and inhibitors are summarized and analyzed herein. Although the mechanisms of the SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV E proteins are similar in many respects, specific studies on the SARS-CoV-2 E protein, for both monomers and oligomers, are still lacking. A comprehensive understanding of this protein should prompt further studies on the design and characterization of effective targeted therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Cao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinPeople's Republic of China
- National Supercomputer Center in TianjinTEDA‐Tianjin Economic‐Technological Development AreaTianjinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Infection and ImmunityTianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated HospitalTianjinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Imshik Lee
- College of PhysicsNankai UniversityTianjinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jiana Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- National Supercomputer Center in TianjinTEDA‐Tianjin Economic‐Technological Development AreaTianjinPeople's Republic of China
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10
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Yacouba A, Olowo-Okere A, Yunusa I. Repurposing of antibiotics for clinical management of COVID-19: a narrative review. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2021; 20:37. [PMID: 34020659 PMCID: PMC8139224 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug repurposing otherwise known as drug repositioning or drug re-profiling is a time-tested approach in drug discovery through which new medical uses are being established for already known drugs. Antibiotics are among the pharmacological agents being investigated for potential anti-SARS-COV-2 activities. The antibiotics are used either to resolve bacterial infections co-existing with COVID-19 infections or exploitation of their potential antiviral activities. Herein, we aimed to review the various antibiotics that have been repositioned for the management of COVID-19. Methods This literature review was conducted from a methodical search on PubMed and Web of Science regarding antibiotics used in patients with COVID-19 up to July 5, 2020. Results Macrolide and specifically azithromycin is the most common antibiotic used in the clinical management of COVID-19. The other antibiotics used in COVID-19 includes teicoplanin, clarithromycin, doxycycline, tetracyclines, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and cefuroxime. In patients with COVID-19, antibiotics are used for their immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. The precise antiviral mechanism of most of these antibiotics has not been determined. Moreover, the use of some of these antibiotics against SARS-CoV-2 infection remains highly controversial and not widely accepted. Conclusion The heavy use of antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic would likely worsen antibiotic resistance crisis. Consequently, antibiotic stewardship should be strengthened in order to prevent the impacts of COVID-19 on the antibiotic resistance crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdourahamane Yacouba
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Abdou Moumouni, P.M.B. 10896, Niamey, Niger.
| | - Ahmed Olowo-Okere
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Ismaeel Yunusa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, USA
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11
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Rethinavel HS, Ravichandran S, Radhakrishnan RK, Kandasamy M. COVID-19 and Parkinson's disease: Defects in neurogenesis as the potential cause of olfactory system impairments and anosmia. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 115:101965. [PMID: 33989761 PMCID: PMC8111887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Anosmia, a neuropathogenic condition of loss of smell, has been recognized as a key pathogenic hallmark of the current pandemic SARS-CoV-2 infection responsible for COVID-19. While the anosmia resulting from olfactory bulb (OB) pathology is the prominent clinical characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD), SARS-CoV-2 infection has been predicted as a potential risk factor for developing Parkinsonism-related symptoms in a significant portion of COVID-19 patients and survivors. SARS-CoV-2 infection appears to alter the dopamine system and induce the loss of dopaminergic neurons that have been known to be the cause of PD. However, the underlying biological basis of anosmia and the potential link between COVID-19 and PD remains obscure. Ample experimental studies in rodents suggest that the occurrence of neural stem cell (NSC) mediated neurogenesis in the olfactory epithelium (OE) and OB is important for olfaction. Though the occurrence of neurogenesis in the human forebrain has been a subject of debate, considerable experimental evidence strongly supports the incidence of neurogenesis in the human OB in adulthood. To note, various viral infections and neuropathogenic conditions including PD with olfactory dysfunctions have been characterized by impaired neurogenesis in OB and OE. Therefore, this article describes and examines the recent reports on SARS-CoV-2 mediated OB dysfunctions and defects in the dopaminergic system responsible for PD. Further, the article emphasizes that COVID-19 and PD associated anosmia could result from the regenerative failure in the replenishment of the dopaminergic neurons in OB and olfactory sensory neurons in OE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Sri Rethinavel
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowbarnika Ravichandran
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Risna Kanjirassery Radhakrishnan
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahesh Kandasamy
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India; Faculty Recharge Programme, University Grants Commission (UGC-FRP), New Delhi, 110002, India.
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12
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Al-kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Alqarni M, Cruz-Martins N, El-Saber Batiha G. Pleiotropic Effects of Tetracyclines in the Management of COVID-19: Emerging Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:642822. [PMID: 33967777 PMCID: PMC8103613 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.642822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Approximately 15% of severe cases require an intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation due to development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Tetracyclines (TCs) are a group of bacteriostatic antibiotics, like tetracycline, minocycline, and doxycycline, effective against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria as well as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Based on available evidences, TCs may be effective against coronaviruses and thus useful to treat COVID-19. Thus, this review aims to provide a brief overview on the uses of TCs for COVID-19 management. SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses depend mainly on the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) for their proliferation, cell adhesion, and infiltration. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of TCs are linked to different pathways. Briefly, TCs inhibit mitochondrial cytochrome c and caspase pathway with improvement of lymphopenia in early COVID-19. Specifically, minocycline is effective in reducing COVID-19-related complications, through attenuation of cytokine storm as apparent by reduction of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Different clinical trials recommend the replacement of azithromycin by minocycline in the management of COVID-19 patients at high risk due to two main reasons: 1) minocycline does not prolong the QT interval and even inhibits ischemia-induced arrhythmia; 2) minocycline displays synergistic effect with chloroquine against SARS-CoV-2. Taken together, the data presented here show that TCs, mainly doxycycline or minocycline, may be potential partners in COVID-19 management, derived pneumonia, and related complications, such as acute lung injury (ALI) and ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al-kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, BaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, BaghdadIraq
| | - Mohammed Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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13
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Gironi LC, Damiani G, Zavattaro E, Pacifico A, Santus P, Pigatto PDM, Cremona O, Savoia P. Tetracyclines in COVID-19 patients quarantined at home: Literature evidence supporting real-world data from a multicenter observational study targeting inflammatory and infectious dermatoses. Dermatol Ther 2020; 34:e14694. [PMID: 33354849 PMCID: PMC7883087 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tetracyclines (TetraC) are widely used in dermatology for both inflammatory and infectious dermatoses; recently both in vivo and in vitro studies started to suggest also a potential antiviral effect. During COVID‐19 outbreak, several dermatological patients contracted SARS‐CoV‐2 experiencing only mild symptoms, but no protocol were approved. A multicenter prospective observational study that enrolled COVID‐19 patients visited with teledermatology and undergoing TetraC was performed. About 38 adult outpatients (M/F: 20/18, age 42.6 years [21‐67]) were enrolled. During the TetraC treatment, symptoms resolved in all patients within 10 days. Remarkably, ageusia and anosmia disappeared in the first week of TetraC treatment. TetraC seem a promising drug to treat COVID‐19 outpatients with mild symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Damiani
- Clinical Dermatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Pierachille Santus
- Pneumology Unit, ASST - Luigi Sacco University Hospital - University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Daniele Maria Pigatto
- Clinical Dermatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Savoia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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Narendrakumar L, Joseph I, Thomas S. Potential effectiveness and adverse implications of repurposing doxycycline in COVID-19 treatment. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 19:1001-1008. [PMID: 33322952 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1865803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 infection with no known-specific drugs or vaccines has impacted mankind and has become beyond precedence. Currently, re-purposing of existing drugs is the only therapeutic option for managing COVID-19 symptoms and associated co-infections to reduce mortality. Antimicrobials as varied as antiparasitic, antiviral, and antibiotics are under various stages of evaluation.Areas covered: Recently, doxycycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic that has also reported antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties was widely investigated in clinical trials, either alone or in combination with other drugs, and repurposed for COVID-19 treatment. In the review, the potential therapeutic applications of doxycycline in COVID-19 treatment and its potential adverse implications with respect to antimicrobial resistance bestowed by repurposing the antibiotic have been expounded.Expert opinion: 'Fighting disease with already existing antibiotics' and 'antimicrobial resistance progression' are like two arms of a balance that has to be carefully equilibrated. Any imbalance by the inappropriate or indiscriminate use of the repurposed drugs would cause a disastrous increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Hence, cautious parallel assessment of potential long-term consequences of AMR is of great importance to mankind as its impacts would prevail even after the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmi Narendrakumar
- Cholera and Biofilm Research Laboratory, Pathogen Biology Group, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Iype Joseph
- Cholera and Biofilm Research Laboratory, Pathogen Biology Group, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Sabu Thomas
- Cholera and Biofilm Research Laboratory, Pathogen Biology Group, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Montinari M, Atzori L, Valdevit S, Rongioletti F. Erythema annulare centrifugum with anosmia and ageusia in a SARS‐CoV‐2 exposed patient successfully treated with doxycycline. Int J Dermatol 2020; 60:384-386. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Atzori
- Unit of Dermatology Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | | | - Franco Rongioletti
- Unit of Dermatology Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
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16
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Marinova E, Dabov D, Zdravkov Y. Ophthalmic complaints in face-mask wearing: prevalence, treatment, and prevention with a potential protective effect against SARS-CoV-2. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1838323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Marinova
- Department of Ophthalmology, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitar Dabov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yani Zdravkov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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