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Alhatem A, Wong T, Clark Lambert W. Revolutionizing diagnostic pathology: The emergence and impact of artificial intelligence-what doesn't kill you makes you stronger? Clin Dermatol 2024; 42:268-274. [PMID: 38181890 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2023.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the integration and impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnostic pathology, particularly dermatopathology, assessing its challenges and potential solutions for global health care enhancement. A comprehensive literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar, conducted on March 30, 2023, and using terms related to AI, pathology, and machine learning, yielded 44 relevant publications. These were analyzed under themes including the evolution of deep learning in pathology, AI's role in replacing pathologists, development challenges of diagnostic algorithms, clinical implementation hurdles, strategies for practical application in dermatopathology, and future prospects of AI in this field. The findings highlight AI's transformative potential in pathology, underscore the need for ongoing research, collaboration, and regulatory dialogue, and emphasize the importance of addressing the ethical and practical challenges in AI implementation for improved global health care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Alhatem
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Dermatology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Trish Wong
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Dermatology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - W Clark Lambert
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Dermatology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
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2
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van Diest PJ, Flach RN, van Dooijeweert C, Makineli S, Breimer GE, Stathonikos N, Pham P, Nguyen TQ, Veta M. Pros and cons of artificial intelligence implementation in diagnostic pathology. Histopathology 2024; 84:924-934. [PMID: 38433288 DOI: 10.1111/his.15153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The rapid introduction of digital pathology has greatly facilitated development of artificial intelligence (AI) models in pathology that have shown great promise in assisting morphological diagnostics and quantitation of therapeutic targets. We are now at a tipping point where companies have started to bring algorithms to the market, and questions arise whether the pathology community is ready to implement AI in routine workflow. However, concerns also arise about the use of AI in pathology. This article reviews the pros and cons of introducing AI in diagnostic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rachel N Flach
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Oncological Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Seher Makineli
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerben E Breimer
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nikolas Stathonikos
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Pham
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tri Q Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mitko Veta
- Department of Oncological Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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3
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Wei ML, Tada M, So A, Torres R. Artificial intelligence and skin cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1331895. [PMID: 38566925 PMCID: PMC10985205 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1331895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence is poised to rapidly reshape many fields, including that of skin cancer screening and diagnosis, both as a disruptive and assistive technology. Together with the collection and availability of large medical data sets, artificial intelligence will become a powerful tool that can be leveraged by physicians in their diagnoses and treatment plans for patients. This comprehensive review focuses on current progress toward AI applications for patients, primary care providers, dermatologists, and dermatopathologists, explores the diverse applications of image and molecular processing for skin cancer, and highlights AI's potential for patient self-screening and improving diagnostic accuracy for non-dermatologists. We additionally delve into the challenges and barriers to clinical implementation, paths forward for implementation and areas of active research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Wei
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mikio Tada
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alexandra So
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Rodrigo Torres
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Busch F, Hoffmann L, Truhn D, Palaian S, Alomar M, Shpati K, Makowski MR, Bressem KK, Adams LC. International pharmacy students' perceptions towards artificial intelligence in medicine-A multinational, multicentre cross-sectional study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 90:649-661. [PMID: 37728146 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To explore international undergraduate pharmacy students' views on integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into pharmacy education and practice. METHODS This cross-sectional institutional review board-approved multinational, multicentre study comprised an anonymous online survey of 14 multiple-choice items to assess pharmacy students' preferences for AI events in the pharmacy curriculum, the current state of AI education, and students' AI knowledge and attitudes towards using AI in the pharmacy profession, supplemented by 8 demographic queries. Subgroup analyses were performed considering sex, study year, tech-savviness, and prior AI knowledge and AI events in the curriculum using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Variances were reported for responses in Likert scale format. RESULTS The survey gathered 387 pharmacy student opinions across 16 faculties and 12 countries. Students showed predominantly positive attitudes towards AI in medicine (58%, n = 225) and expressed a strong desire for more AI education (72%, n = 276). However, they reported limited general knowledge of AI (63%, n = 242) and felt inadequately prepared to use AI in their future careers (51%, n = 197). Male students showed more positive attitudes towards increasing efficiency through AI (P = .011), while tech-savvy and advanced-year students expressed heightened concerns about potential legal and ethical issues related to AI (P < .001/P = .025, respectively). Students who had AI courses as part of their studies reported better AI knowledge (P < .001) and felt more prepared to apply it professionally (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings underline the generally positive attitude of international pharmacy students towards AI application in medicine and highlight the necessity for a greater emphasis on AI education within pharmacy curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Busch
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Hoffmann
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Truhn
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Subish Palaian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muaed Alomar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kleva Shpati
- Department of Pharmacy, Albanian University, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Keno Kyrill Bressem
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Coşar Soğukkuyu DY, Ata O. Classification of melanonychia, Beau's lines, and nail clubbing based on nail images and transfer learning techniques. PeerJ Comput Sci 2023; 9:e1533. [PMID: 37705653 PMCID: PMC10495933 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Nail diseases are malformations that appear on the nail plate and are classified according to their own signs and symptoms that may be related to other medical conditions. Although most nail diseases have distinct symptoms, making a differential diagnosis of nail problems can be challenging for medical experts. Method One early diagnosis method for any dermatological disease is designing an image analysis system based on artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. This article implemented a novel model using a publicly available nail disease dataset to determine the occurrence of three common types of nail diseases. Two classification models based on transfer learning using visual geometry group (VGGNet) were utilized to detect and classify nail diseases from images. Result and Finding The experimental design results showed good accuracy: VGG16 had a score of 94% accuracy and VGG19 had a 93% accuracy rate. These findings suggest that computer-aided diagnostic systems based on transfer learning can be used to identify multiple-lesion nail diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oğuz Ata
- Department of Information Technology, Altinbas University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Cazzato G, Massaro A, Colagrande A, Trilli I, Ingravallo G, Casatta N, Lupo C, Ronchi A, Franco R, Maiorano E, Vacca A. Artificial Intelligence Applied to a First Screening of Naevoid Melanoma: A New Use of Fast Random Forest Algorithm in Dermatopathology. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:6066-6078. [PMID: 37504312 PMCID: PMC10378276 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is the "great mime" of dermatopathology, and it can present such rare variants that even the most experienced pathologist might miss or misdiagnose them. Naevoid melanoma (NM), which accounts for about 1% of all MM cases, is a constant challenge, and when it is not diagnosed in a timely manner, it can even lead to death. In recent years, artificial intelligence has revolutionised much of what has been achieved in the biomedical field, and what once seemed distant is now almost incorporated into the diagnostic therapeutic flow chart. In this paper, we present the results of a machine learning approach that applies a fast random forest (FRF) algorithm to a cohort of naevoid melanomas in an attempt to understand if and how this approach could be incorporated into the business process modelling and notation (BPMN) approach. The FRF algorithm provides an innovative approach to formulating a clinical protocol oriented toward reducing the risk of NM misdiagnosis. The work provides the methodology to integrate FRF into a mapped clinical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massaro
- LUM Enterprise srl, S.S. 100-Km.18, Parco il Baricentro, 70010 Bari, Italy
- Department of Management, Finance and Technology, LUM-Libera Università Mediterranea "Giuseppe Degennaro", S.S. 100-Km.18, Parco il Baricentro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Colagrande
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Irma Trilli
- Odontomatostologic Clinic, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nadia Casatta
- Innovation Department, Diapath S.p.A., Via Savoldini n.71, 24057 Martinengo, Italy
| | - Carmelo Lupo
- Innovation Department, Diapath S.p.A., Via Savoldini n.71, 24057 Martinengo, Italy
| | - Andrea Ronchi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental Health and Physic and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental Health and Physic and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Maiorano
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Centro Interdisciplinare Ricerca Telemedicina-CITEL, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
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King H, Williams B, Treanor D, Randell R. How, for whom, and in what contexts will artificial intelligence be adopted in pathology? A realist interview study. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2022; 30:529-538. [PMID: 36565465 PMCID: PMC9933065 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocac254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing interest in using artificial intelligence (AI) in pathology to improve accuracy and efficiency. Studies of clinicians' perceptions of AI have found only moderate acceptability, suggesting further research is needed regarding integration into clinical practice. This study aimed to explore stakeholders' theories concerning how and in what contexts AI is likely to become integrated into pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature review provided tentative theories that were revised through a realist interview study with 20 pathologists and 5 pathology trainees. Questions sought to elicit whether, and in what ways, the tentative theories fitted with interviewees' perceptions and experiences. Analysis focused on identifying the contextual factors that may support or constrain uptake of AI in pathology. RESULTS Interviews highlighted the importance of trust in AI, with interviewees emphasizing evaluation and the opportunity for pathologists to become familiar with AI as means for establishing trust. Interviewees expressed a desire to be involved in design and implementation of AI tools, to ensure such tools address pressing needs, but needs vary by subspecialty. Workflow integration is desired but whether AI tools should work automatically will vary according to the task and the context. CONCLUSIONS It must not be assumed that AI tools that provide benefit in one subspecialty will provide benefit in others. Pathologists should be involved in the decision to introduce AI, with opportunity to assess strengths and weaknesses. Further research is needed concerning the evidence required to satisfy pathologists regarding the benefits of AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry King
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Bethany Williams
- Department of Pathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Darren Treanor
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK,Department of Pathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK,Department of Clinical Pathology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Randell
- Corresponding Author: Rebecca Randell, PhD, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK;
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Jartarkar SR, Cockerell CJ, Patil A, Kassir M, Babaei M, Weidenthaler‐Barth B, Grabbe S, Goldust M. Artificial intelligence in Dermatopathology. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 22:1163-1167. [PMID: 36548174 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ever evolving research in medical field has reached an exciting stage with advent of newer technologies. With the introduction of digital microscopy, pathology has transitioned to become more digitally oriented speciality. The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in dermatopathology is to aid the diagnosis, and it requires dermatopathologists' guidance for efficient functioning of artificial intelligence. METHOD Comprehensive literature search was performed using electronic online databases "PubMed" and "Google Scholar." Articles published in English language were considered for the review. RESULTS Convolutional neural network, a type of deep neural network, is considered as an ideal tool in image recognition, processing, classification, and segmentation. Implementation of AI in tumor pathology is involved in the diagnosis, grading, staging, and prognostic prediction as well as in identification of genetic or pathological features. In this review, we attempt to discuss the use of AI in dermatopathology, the attitude of patients and clinicians, its challenges, limitation, and potential opportunities in future implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishira R. Jartarkar
- Department of Dermatology Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre University‐RGUHS Bengaluru India
| | - Clay J. Cockerell
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
| | - Anant Patil
- Department of Pharmacology Dr. DY Patil Medical College Navi Mumbai India
| | | | - Mahsa Babaei
- School of Medicine Stanford University California USA
| | - Beate Weidenthaler‐Barth
- Department of Dermatology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany
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Li Z, Koban KC, Schenck TL, Giunta RE, Li Q, Sun Y. Artificial Intelligence in Dermatology Image Analysis: Current Developments and Future Trends. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226826. [PMID: 36431301 PMCID: PMC9693628 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thanks to the rapid development of computer-based systems and deep-learning-based algorithms, artificial intelligence (AI) has long been integrated into the healthcare field. AI is also particularly helpful in image recognition, surgical assistance and basic research. Due to the unique nature of dermatology, AI-aided dermatological diagnosis based on image recognition has become a modern focus and future trend. Key scientific concepts of review: The use of 3D imaging systems allows clinicians to screen and label skin pigmented lesions and distributed disorders, which can provide an objective assessment and image documentation of lesion sites. Dermatoscopes combined with intelligent software help the dermatologist to easily correlate each close-up image with the corresponding marked lesion in the 3D body map. In addition, AI in the field of prosthetics can assist in the rehabilitation of patients and help to restore limb function after amputation in patients with skin tumors. THE AIM OF THE STUDY For the benefit of patients, dermatologists have an obligation to explore the opportunities, risks and limitations of AI applications. This study focuses on the application of emerging AI in dermatology to aid clinical diagnosis and treatment, analyzes the current state of the field and summarizes its future trends and prospects so as to help dermatologists realize the impact of new technological innovations on traditional practices so that they can embrace and use AI-based medical approaches more quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouxiao Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200023, China
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thilo Ludwig Schenck
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Riccardo Enzo Giunta
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200023, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yangbai Sun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200023, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (Y.S.)
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Chen M, Zhang B, Cai Z, Seery S, Gonzalez MJ, Ali NM, Ren R, Qiao Y, Xue P, Jiang Y. Acceptance of clinical artificial intelligence among physicians and medical students: A systematic review with cross-sectional survey. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:990604. [PMID: 36117979 PMCID: PMC9472134 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.990604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Artificial intelligence (AI) needs to be accepted and understood by physicians and medical students, but few have systematically assessed their attitudes. We investigated clinical AI acceptance among physicians and medical students around the world to provide implementation guidance. Materials and methods We conducted a two-stage study, involving a foundational systematic review of physician and medical student acceptance of clinical AI. This enabled us to design a suitable web-based questionnaire which was then distributed among practitioners and trainees around the world. Results Sixty studies were included in this systematic review, and 758 respondents from 39 countries completed the online questionnaire. Five (62.50%) of eight studies reported 65% or higher awareness regarding the application of clinical AI. Although, only 10–30% had actually used AI and 26 (74.28%) of 35 studies suggested there was a lack of AI knowledge. Our questionnaire uncovered 38% awareness rate and 20% utility rate of clinical AI, although 53% lacked basic knowledge of clinical AI. Forty-five studies mentioned attitudes toward clinical AI, and over 60% from 38 (84.44%) studies were positive about AI, although they were also concerned about the potential for unpredictable, incorrect results. Seventy-seven percent were optimistic about the prospect of clinical AI. The support rate for the statement that AI could replace physicians ranged from 6 to 78% across 40 studies which mentioned this topic. Five studies recommended that efforts should be made to increase collaboration. Our questionnaire showed 68% disagreed that AI would become a surrogate physician, but believed it should assist in clinical decision-making. Participants with different identities, experience and from different countries hold similar but subtly different attitudes. Conclusion Most physicians and medical students appear aware of the increasing application of clinical AI, but lack practical experience and related knowledge. Overall, participants have positive but reserved attitudes about AI. In spite of the mixed opinions around clinical AI becoming a surrogate physician, there was a consensus that collaborations between the two should be strengthened. Further education should be conducted to alleviate anxieties associated with change and adopting new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ziting Cai
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Samuel Seery
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nasra M. Ali
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ran Ren
- Global Health Research Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Youlin Qiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Youlin Qiao,
| | - Peng Xue
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Peng Xue,
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Yu Jiang,
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11
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Dawson H. Digital pathology – Rising to the challenge. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:888896. [PMID: 35935788 PMCID: PMC9354827 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.888896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital pathology has gone through considerable technical advances during the past few years and certain aspects of digital diagnostics have been widely and swiftly adopted in many centers, catalyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, analysis of requirements, careful planning, and structured implementation should to be considered in order to reap the full benefits of a digital workflow. The aim of this review is to provide a practical, concise and hands-on summary of issues relevant to implementing and developing digital diagnostics in the pathology laboratory. These include important initial considerations, possible approaches to overcome common challenges, potential diagnostic pitfalls, validation and regulatory issues and an introduction to the emerging field of image analysis in routine.
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12
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Flach RN, Fransen NL, Sonnen AFP, Nguyen TQ, Breimer GE, Veta M, Stathonikos N, van Dooijeweert C, van Diest PJ. Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Practice as a Next Step after Going Digital: The UMC Utrecht Perspective. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051042. [PMID: 35626198 PMCID: PMC9140005 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Building on a growing number of pathology labs having a full digital infrastructure for pathology diagnostics, there is a growing interest in implementing artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for diagnostic purposes. This article provides an overview of the current status of the digital pathology infrastructure at the University Medical Center Utrecht and our roadmap for implementing AI algorithms in the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N. Flach
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
| | - Nina L. Fransen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
| | - Andreas F. P. Sonnen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
| | - Tri Q. Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
| | - Gerben E. Breimer
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
| | - Mitko Veta
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolas Stathonikos
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
| | - Carmen van Dooijeweert
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
| | - Paul J. van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (R.N.F.); (N.L.F.); (A.F.P.S.); (T.Q.N.); (G.E.B.); (M.V.); (N.S.); (C.v.D.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Drogt J, Milota M, Vos S, Bredenoord A, Jongsma K. Integrating artificial intelligence in pathology: a qualitative interview study of users' experiences and expectations. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:1540-1550. [PMID: 35927490 PMCID: PMC9596368 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in the development of artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked enthusiasm for its potential use in pathology. As pathology labs are currently starting to shift their focus towards AI implementation, a better understanding how AI tools can be optimally aligned with the medical and social context of pathology daily practice is urgently needed. Strikingly, studies often fail to mention the ways in which AI tools should be integrated in the decision-making processes of pathologists, nor do they address how this can be achieved in an ethically sound way. Moreover, the perspectives of pathologists and other professionals within pathology concerning the integration of AI within pathology remains an underreported topic. This article aims to fill this gap in the literature and presents the first in-depth interview study in which professionals' perspectives on the possibilities, conditions and prerequisites of AI integration in pathology are explicated. The results of this study have led to the formulation of three concrete recommendations to support AI integration, namely: (1) foster a pragmatic attitude toward AI development, (2) provide task-sensitive information and training to health care professionals working in pathology departments and (3) take time to reflect upon users' changing roles and responsibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jojanneke Drogt
- Department of Medical Humanities, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Megan Milota
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Medical Humanities, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shoko Vos
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annelien Bredenoord
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Medical Humanities, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Jongsma
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Medical Humanities, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Pangti R, Gupta S, Gupta P, Dixit A, Sati HC, Gupta S. Acceptability of artificial intelligence among Indian dermatologists. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2021; 88:232-234. [DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_210_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, MM Institute, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Praanjal Gupta
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Ambika Dixit
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Deen Dayal Upadhaya College, New Delhi, India
| | - Hem Chandra Sati
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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15
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Tran AQ, Nguyen LH, Nguyen HSA, Nguyen CT, Vu LG, Zhang M, Vu TMT, Nguyen SH, Tran BX, Latkin CA, Ho RCM, Ho CSH. Determinants of Intention to Use Artificial Intelligence-Based Diagnosis Support System Among Prospective Physicians. Front Public Health 2021; 9:755644. [PMID: 34900904 PMCID: PMC8661093 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.755644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to develop a theoretical model to explore the behavioral intentions of medical students to adopt an AI-based Diagnosis Support System. Methods: This online cross-sectional survey used the unified theory of user acceptance of technology (UTAUT) to examine the intentions to use an AI-based Diagnosis Support System in 211 undergraduate medical students in Vietnam. Partial least squares (PLS) structural equational modeling was employed to assess the relationship between latent constructs. Results: Effort expectancy (β = 0.201, p < 0.05) and social influence (β = 0.574, p < 0.05) were positively associated with initial trust, while no association was found between performance expectancy and initial trust (p > 0.05). Only social influence (β = 0.527, p < 0.05) was positively related to the behavioral intention. Conclusions: This study highlights positive behavioral intentions in using an AI-based diagnosis support system among prospective Vietnamese physicians, as well as the effect of social influence on this choice. The development of AI-based competent curricula should be considered when reforming medical education in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Quynh Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Long Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Cuong Tat Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Linh Gia Vu
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Melvyn Zhang
- National Addictions Management Service (NAMS), Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Son Hoang Nguyen
- Center of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Roger C M Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus S H Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Polesie S, Gillstedt M, Ahlgren G, Ceder H, Dahlén Gyllencreutz J, Fougelberg J, Johansson Backman E, Pakka J, Zaar O, Paoli J. Discrimination Between Invasive and In Situ Melanomas Using Clinical Close-Up Images and a De Novo Convolutional Neural Network. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:723914. [PMID: 34595193 PMCID: PMC8476836 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.723914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Melanomas are often easy to recognize clinically but determining whether a melanoma is in situ (MIS) or invasive is often more challenging even with the aid of dermoscopy. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made significant and rapid advances within dermatology image analysis. The aims of this investigation were to create a de novo CNN for differentiating between MIS and invasive melanomas based on clinical close-up images and to compare its performance on a test set to seven dermatologists. Methods: A retrospective study including clinical images of MIS and invasive melanomas obtained from our department during a five-year time period (2016–2020) was conducted. Overall, 1,551 images [819 MIS (52.8%) and 732 invasive melanomas (47.2%)] were available. The images were randomized into three groups: training set (n = 1,051), validation set (n = 200), and test set (n = 300). A de novo CNN model with seven convolutional layers and a single dense layer was developed. Results: The area under the curve was 0.72 for the CNN (95% CI 0.66–0.78) and 0.81 for dermatologists (95% CI 0.76–0.86) (P < 0.001). The CNN correctly classified 208 out of 300 lesions (69.3%) whereas the corresponding number for dermatologists was 216 (72.0%). When comparing the CNN performance to each individual reader, three dermatologists significantly outperformed the CNN. Conclusions: For this classification problem, the CNN was outperformed by the dermatologist. However, since the algorithm was only trained and validated on 1,251 images, future refinement and development could make it useful for dermatologists in a real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Polesie
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Gillstedt
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gustav Ahlgren
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hannah Ceder
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Dahlén Gyllencreutz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia Fougelberg
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Johansson Backman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenna Pakka
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oscar Zaar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Paoli
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Cazzato G, Colagrande A, Cimmino A, Arezzo F, Loizzi V, Caporusso C, Marangio M, Foti C, Romita P, Lospalluti L, Mazzotta F, Cicco S, Cormio G, Lettini T, Resta L, Vacca A, Ingravallo G. Artificial Intelligence in Dermatopathology: New Insights and Perspectives. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021; 8:418-425. [PMID: 34563035 PMCID: PMC8482082 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology8030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing enthusiasm has been observed towards artificial intelligence and machine learning, involving different areas of medicine. Among these, although still in the embryonic stage, the dermatopathological field has also been partially involved, with the attempt to develop and train algorithms that could assist the pathologist in the differential diagnosis of complex melanocytic lesions. In this article, we face this new challenge of the modern era, carry out a review of the literature regarding the state of the art and try to determine promising future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (T.L.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (G.I.)
| | - Anna Colagrande
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (T.L.); (L.R.)
| | - Antonietta Cimmino
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (T.L.); (L.R.)
| | - Francesca Arezzo
- Section of Ginecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.A.); (V.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Vera Loizzi
- Section of Ginecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.A.); (V.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Concetta Caporusso
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (T.L.); (L.R.)
| | - Marco Marangio
- Section of Informatics, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.F.); (P.R.); (L.L.)
| | - Paolo Romita
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.F.); (P.R.); (L.L.)
| | - Lucia Lospalluti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.F.); (P.R.); (L.L.)
| | - Francesco Mazzotta
- Pediatric Dermatology and Surgery Outpatients Department, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Barletta-Andria-Trani, 76123 Andria, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Cicco
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (S.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Section of Ginecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.A.); (V.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Teresa Lettini
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (T.L.); (L.R.)
| | - Leonardo Resta
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (T.L.); (L.R.)
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (S.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (T.L.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (G.I.)
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18
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Bao Y, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Chang J, Lu D, Fu Y. Artificial Intelligence-Aided Recognition of Pathological Characteristics and Subtype Classification of Superficial Perivascular Dermatitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:696305. [PMID: 34336900 PMCID: PMC8322609 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.696305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Superficial perivascular dermatitis, an important type of inflammatory dermatosis, comprises various skin diseases, which are difficult to distinguish by clinical manifestations and need pathological imaging observation. Coupled with its complex pathological characteristics, the subtype classification depends to a great extent on dermatopathologists. There is an urgent need to develop an efficient approach to recognize the pathological characteristics and classify the subtypes of superficial perivascular dermatitis. Methods: 3,954 pathological images (4 × and 10 ×) of three subtypes—psoriasiform, spongiotic and interface—of superficial perivascular dermatitis were captured from 327 cases diagnosed both clinically and pathologically. The control group comprised 1,337 pathological images of 85 normal skin tissue slides taken from the edge of benign epidermal cysts. First, senior dermatologists and dermatopathologists followed the structure–pattern analysis method to label the pathological characteristics that significantly contribute to classifying different subtypes on 4 × and 10 × images. A cascaded deep learning algorithm framework was then proposed to establish pixel-level pathological characteristics' masks and classify the subtypes by supervised learning. Results: 13 different pathological characteristics were recognized, and the accuracy of subtype classification was 85.24%. In contrast, the accuracy of the subtype classification model without recognition was 71.35%. Conclusion: Our cascaded deep learning model used small samples to deliver efficient recognition of pathological characteristics and subtype classification simultaneously. Moreover, the proposed method could be applied to both microscopic images and digital scanned images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiu Bao
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Bodhi Lab., Beijing BeYes Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Qiuli Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmin Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Di Lu
- Bodhi Lab., Beijing BeYes Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
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