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Bakinowska E, Olejnik-Wojciechowska J, Kiełbowski K, Skoryk A, Pawlik A. Pathogenesis of Sarcopenia in Chronic Kidney Disease-The Role of Inflammation, Metabolic Dysregulation, Gut Dysbiosis, and microRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8474. [PMID: 39126043 PMCID: PMC11313360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder associated with a decline in kidney function. Consequently, patients with advanced stages of CKD require renal replacement therapies, such as dialysis and kidney transplantation. Various conditions lead to the development of CKD, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis, among others. The disease is associated with metabolic and hormonal dysregulation, including uraemia and hyperparathyroidism, as well as with low-grade systemic inflammation. Altered homeostasis increases the risk of developing severe comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases or sarcopenia, which increase mortality. Sarcopenia is defined as a progressive decline in muscle mass and function. However, the precise mechanisms that link CKD and the development of sarcopenia are poorly understood. Knowledge about these linking mechanisms might lead to the introduction of precise treatment strategies that could prevent muscle wasting. This review discusses inflammatory mediators, metabolic and hormonal dysregulation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and non-coding RNA alterations that could link CKD and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estera Bakinowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (J.O.-W.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Joanna Olejnik-Wojciechowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (J.O.-W.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
- Independent Laboratory of Community Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kajetan Kiełbowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (J.O.-W.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Anastasiia Skoryk
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (J.O.-W.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (J.O.-W.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
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Mačionienė E, Serapinas D, Miglinas M. Endobiogenic Biology of Function Indices in a Cohort of Kidney Transplant Recipients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1016. [PMID: 38929633 PMCID: PMC11205680 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60061016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Endobiogeny is a global systems approach to human biology based on the concept that the endocrine system manages the metabolism. Biology of function (BoF) indices are diagnostic tools in endobiogenic medicine that reflect the action of the endocrine system on the cells and the metabolic activity of an organism. Kidney transplant recipients are a very specific patient population due to their constant use of immunosuppressive agents such as steroids and anamnesis of chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to assess the tendencies of endobiogenic BoF indices in a kidney transplant recipient population and to determine the relationship between BoF index values and histology-proven kidney transplant rejection. Materials and Methods: A total of 117 kidney transplant recipients undergoing surveillance or indication allograft biopsy were included in this study. Endobiogenic BoF indices were calculated from complete blood count tests taken before the kidney biopsy. Histology samples were evaluated by an experienced pathologist according to the Banff classification system. Clinical and follow-up data were collected from an electronic patient medical record system. Results: Overall, <35% of the patients had BoF index values assumed to be normal, according to the general population data. Additionally, >50% of the patients had lower-than-normal adaptation, leucocyte mobilization, genital, and adjusted genital ratio indices, while the Cata-Ana, genito-thyroid ratio, adrenal gland, and cortisol indices were increased in >50% of the transplant recipients. The adaptation index was significantly higher in patients with biopsy-proven transplant rejection and demonstrated an AUC value of 0.649 (95%CI 0.540-0.759) for discriminating rejectors from patients without transplant rejection. Conclusions: Most of the kidney transplant recipients had abnormal BoF index values, reflecting increased corticotropic effects on their cells. The adaptation index distinguished patients with biopsy-proven transplant rejection from those without it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Mačionienė
- Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Danielius Serapinas
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Marius Miglinas
- Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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Trivedi A, Bose D, Saha P, Roy S, More M, Skupsky J, Klimas NG, Chatterjee S. Prolonged Antibiotic Use in a Preclinical Model of Gulf War Chronic Multisymptom-Illness Causes Renal Fibrosis-like Pathology via Increased micro-RNA 21-Induced PTEN Inhibition That Is Correlated with Low Host Lachnospiraceae Abundance. Cells 2023; 13:56. [PMID: 38201260 PMCID: PMC10777912 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gulf War (GW) veterans show gastrointestinal disturbances and gut dysbiosis. Prolonged antibiotic treatments commonly employed in veterans, especially the use of fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, have also been associated with dysbiosis. This study investigates the effect of prolonged antibiotic exposure on risks of adverse renal pathology and its association with gut bacterial species abundance in underlying GWI and aims to uncover the molecular mechanisms leading to possible renal dysfunction with aging. Using a GWI mouse model, administration of a prolonged antibiotic regimen involving neomycin and enrofloxacin treatment for 5 months showed an exacerbated renal inflammation with increased NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. Involvement of the high mobility group 1 (HMGB1)-mediated receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) activation triggered an inflammatory phenotype and increased transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) production. Mechanistically, TGF-β- induced microRNA-21 upregulation in the renal tissue leads to decreased phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression. The above event led to the activation of protein kinase-B (AKT) signaling, resulting in increased fibronectin production and fibrosis-like pathology. Importantly, the increased miR-21 was associated with low levels of Lachnospiraceae in the host gut which is also a key to heightened HMGB1-mediated inflammation. Overall, though correlative, the study highlights the complex interplay between GWI, host gut dysbiosis, prolonged antibiotics usage, and renal pathology via miR-21/PTEN/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Trivedi
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Dipro Bose
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Punnag Saha
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Subhajit Roy
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Madhura More
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (M.M.)
| | | | - Nancy G. Klimas
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA;
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (M.M.)
- Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA;
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Yuan T, Xia Y, Li B, Yu W, Rao T, Ye Z, Yan X, Song B, Li L, Lin F, Cheng F. Gut microbiota in patients with kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:143. [PMID: 37208622 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence indicates that the gut microbiome (GMB) plays an essential role in kidney stone (KS) formation. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the composition of gut microbiota in kidney stone patients and healthy individuals, and further understand the role of gut microbiota in nephrolithiasis. RESULTS Six databases were searched to find taxonomy-based comparison studies on the GMB until September 2022. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 to estimate the overall relative abundance of gut microbiota in KS patients and healthy subjects. Eight studies were included with 356 nephrolithiasis patients and 347 healthy subjects. The meta-analysis suggested that KS patients had a higher abundance of Bacteroides (35.11% vs 21.25%, Z = 3.56, P = 0.0004) and Escherichia_Shigella (4.39% vs 1.78%, Z = 3.23, P = 0.001), and a lower abundance of Prevotella_9 (8.41% vs 10.65%, Z = 4.49, P < 0.00001). Qualitative analysis revealed that beta-diversity was different between the two groups (P < 0.05); Ten taxa (Bacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Flavobacterium, Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, Rhodobacter and Gordonia) helped the detection of kidney stones (P < 0.05); Genes or protein families of the GMB involved in oxalate degradation, glycan synthesis, and energy metabolism were altered in patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a characteristic gut microbiota dysbiosis in kidney stone patients. Individualized therapies like microbial supplementation, probiotic or synbiotic preparations and adjusted diet patterns based on individual gut microbial characteristics of patients may be more effective in preventing stone formation and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Yuan
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bojun Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zehua Ye
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinzhou Yan
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Baofeng Song
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangyou Lin
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Zhang X, Chen Q, Xu G. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection in dialysis patients and protective effect of COVID-19 vaccine. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:989-1000. [PMID: 37004547 PMCID: PMC10066982 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE COVID-19 infection poses a special challenge to patients with dialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations of dialysis patients with COVID-19 and the protective effect of the vaccine. METHODS We included 41 studies based on big data, mainly analyzing the clinical symptoms of dialysis patients with COVID-19, the proportion of severe patients before and after vaccination, and the humoral reaction of vaccine in the body. RESULTS 6.1% to 35.7% of dialysis patients with COVID-19 developed respiratory distress symptoms and needed to be admitted to an intensive care unit for mechanical ventilation. The incidence and mortality of COVID-19 in dialysis patients before vaccination were 5.5% and 1.1%, respectively, and decreased to 4.5% and 0.6% in breakthrough infected patients. There was no statistical difference in serum conversion rates between dialysis patients and healthy controls, but the neutralizing antibody titer in the control group was 1922 (IQR 533 to 3186) AU/mL, and the neutralizing antibody titer in dialysis patients significantly decreased to 367 (IQR 171 to 1650) AU/mL (P=0.046). CONCLUSIONS Dialysis is associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19, and generally has a poor seroconversion response to vaccines. It also confirms the protective effect of vaccines on high-risk populations such as dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Nanchang Medical College, No. 1689, Meiling Avenue, Wanli, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaosi Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Identifying Longitudinal CD4:CD8 Ratio Trajectories Indicative of Chronic Renal Disease Risk among People Living with HIV: An Application of Growth Mixture Models. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020385. [PMID: 36851599 PMCID: PMC9963117 DOI: 10.3390/v15020385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing among people living with HIV (PLWH). Routine monitoring of indicators such as CD4:CD8 ratio might improve the early detection of CKD. Our objective was to identify clinically relevant CD4:CD8 ratio trajectories indicative of CKD risk. Participants were ≥ 18 years old, initiated antiretroviral therapy between 2000 and 2016, and were followed for ≥6 months until 31 March 2017 or last contact date. Outcome was incidence of CKD. Growth mixture models (GMMs) and decay models were used to compare CD4:CD8 ratio trajectories. Following GMM, 4547 (93.5%) participants were classified in Class 1 with 5.4% developing CKD, and 316 (6.5%) participants were classified in Class 2 with 20.9% developing CKD. The final model suggested that participants in Class 2 had 8.72 times the incidence rate of developing CKD than those in Class 1. Exponential decay models indicated a significant CD4:CD8 ratio decline among Class 2 participants who developed CKD. Among those who developed CKD in Class 2, starting at 5.5 years of follow-up, the slope of their ratio trajectory curve changed significantly, and the rate of decline increased dramatically. Routine monitored CD4:CD8 ratios can be an effective strategy to identify early CKD risk among PLWH.
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Chi M, Tian Z, Ma K, Li Y, Wang L, Nasser MI, Liu C. The diseased kidney: aging and senescent immunology. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2022; 19:58. [PMCID: PMC9666969 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractImmunosenescence is the deterioration of the innate and adaptive immune systems associated with aging and is primarily characterized by a reduction in T cell production and accumulation of atypical subsets. Age-related immunological dysfunction leads to impaired immune protection and persistent low-grade chronic inflammation, resulting in a decreased vaccination response and increased vulnerability to infection, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disease in the elderly. As the elderly constitute a growing proportion of the population with renal disease, immunosenescence is a normal aging process that is prevalent among older people. In addition, immunosenescence seems to be more pronounced in patients with kidney diseases than in healthy controls, as shown by severe chronic inflammation, accumulation of immune cells with the senescent phenotype (CD28− T cells, CD14+CD16+ monocytes), and proinflammatory cytokine production. Immunosenescence inhibits immunological clearance and renal tissue regeneration, thereby increasing the risk of permanent renal damage, infection, and cardiovascular events in patients with kidney disease, lowering the prognosis, and even influencing the efficacy of renal replacement treatment. Biological drugs (senomorphics and senolytics) target the aging immune system and exert renoprotective effects. This review aims to emphasize the features of immunosenescence and its influence on kidney diseases and immunotherapy, highlighting the future directions of kidney disease treatment using senescence-focused techniques.
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He A, Sarwar A, Thole LML, Siegle J, Sattler A, Ashraf MI, Proß V, Stahl C, Dornieden T, Bergmann Y, Ritschl PV, Ebner S, Hublitz KW, Stamatiades EG, Bülow RD, Boor P, Kotsch K. Renal inflamm-aging provokes intra-graft inflammation following experimental kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:2529-2547. [PMID: 35851547 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.17154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Donor age is a major risk factor for allograft outcome in kidney transplantation. The underlying cellular mechanisms and the recipient's immune response within an aged allograft have yet not been analyzed. A comprehensive immunophenotyping of naïve and transplanted young versus aged kidneys revealed that naïve aged murine kidneys harbor significantly higher frequencies of effector/memory T cells, whereas regulatory T cells were reduced. Aged kidney-derived CD8+ T cells produced more IFNγ than their young counterparts. Senescent renal CD8+ T and NK cells upregulated the cytotoxicity receptor NKG2D and the enrichment of memory-like CD49a+ CXCR6+ NK cells was documented in aged naïve kidneys. In the C57BL/6 to BALB/c kidney transplantation model, recipient-derived T cells infiltrating an aged graft produced significantly more IFNγ, granzyme B and perforin on day 7 post-transplantation, indicating an enhanced inflammatory, cytotoxic response towards the graft. Pre-treatment of aged kidney donors with the senolytic drug ABT-263 changed the recipient-derived effector molecule profile to significantly reduced levels of IFNγ and IL-10 compared to controls. Graft function after ABT-263 pre-treatment was significantly improved 28 days post kidney transplantation. In conclusion, renal senescence also occurs at the immunological level (inflamm-aging) and aged organs provoke an altered recipient-dominated immune response in the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- An He
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Attia Sarwar
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda Marie Laura Thole
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Siegle
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Sattler
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz Ashraf
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanessa Proß
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Stahl
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Theresa Dornieden
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yasmin Bergmann
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Viktor Ritschl
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Ebner
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karolin Wiebke Hublitz
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Efstathios Gregorios Stamatiades
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roman David Bülow
- Institute of Pathology & Department of Nephrology, University Clinic of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology & Department of Nephrology, University Clinic of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katja Kotsch
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
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Babel N, Hugo C, Westhoff TH. Vaccination in patients with kidney failure: lessons from COVID-19. Nat Rev Nephrol 2022; 18:708-723. [PMID: 35999285 PMCID: PMC9397175 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-022-00617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infection is the second leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Adequate humoral (antibody) and cellular (T cell-driven) immunity are required to minimize pathogen entry and promote pathogen clearance to enable infection control. Vaccination can generate cellular and humoral immunity against specific pathogens and is used to prevent many life-threatening infectious diseases. However, vaccination efficacy is diminished in patients with CKD. Premature ageing of the immune system and chronic systemic low-grade inflammation are the main causes of immune alteration in these patients. In the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 can have considerable detrimental effects in patients with CKD, especially in those with kidney failure. COVID-19 prevention through successful vaccination is therefore paramount in this vulnerable population. Although patients receiving dialysis have seroconversion rates comparable to those of patients with normal kidney function, most kidney transplant recipients could not generate humoral immunity after two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Importantly, some patients who were not able to produce antibodies still had a detectable vaccine-specific T cell response, which might be sufficient to prevent severe COVID-19. Correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 have not been established for patients with kidney failure, but they are urgently needed to enable personalized vaccination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Babel
- Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany.
- Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT) and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Hugo
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Universitätsklinikum, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Timm H Westhoff
- Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
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10
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Therapeutic Potential of Photobiomodulation for Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148043. [PMID: 35887386 PMCID: PMC9320354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global public health problem. The implementation of evidence-based clinical practices only defers the development of kidney failure. Death, transplantation, or dialysis are the consequences of kidney failure, resulting in a significant burden on the health system. Hence, innovative therapeutic strategies are urgently needed due to the limitations of current interventions. Photobiomodulation (PBM), a form of non-thermal light therapy, effectively mitigates mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, all of which are inherent in CKD. Preliminary studies suggest the benefits of PBM in multiple diseases, including CKD. Hence, this review will provide a concise summary of the underlying action mechanisms of PBM and its potential therapeutic effects on CKD. Based on the findings, PBM may represent a novel, non-invasive and non-pharmacological therapy for CKD, although more studies are necessary before PBM can be widely recommended.
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health issue and has ultimately progressed to an end-stage renal disease that requires life-long dialysis or renal transplantation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of these pathological development and progression remains to be fully understood. The human gut microbiota is made up of approximately 100 trillion microbial cells including anaerobic and aerobic species. In recent years, more and more evidence has indicated a clear association between dysbiosis of gut microbiota and CKD including immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, diabetic kidney disease, membranous nephropathy, chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease. The current review describes gut microbial dysbiosis and metabolites in patients with CKD thus helping to understand human disease. Treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and natural products can attenuate CKD through improving dysbiosis of gut microbiota, indicating a novel intervention strategy in patients with CKD. This review also discusses therapeutic options, such as prebiotics, probiotics and natural products, for targeting dysbiosis of gut microbiota in patients to provide more specific concept-driven therapy strategy for CKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yong Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, China
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Bian J, Liebert A, Bicknell B, Chen XM, Huang C, Pollock CA. Faecal Microbiota Transplantation and Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122528. [PMID: 35745257 PMCID: PMC9228952 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has attracted increasing attention as an intervention in many clinical conditions, including autoimmune, enteroendocrine, gastroenterological, and neurological diseases. For years, FMT has been an effective second-line treatment for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) with beneficial outcomes. FMT is also promising in improving bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis (UC). Pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that this microbiota-based intervention may influence the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) via modifying a dysregulated gut–kidney axis. Despite the high morbidity and mortality due to CKD, there are limited options for treatment until end-stage kidney disease occurs, which results in death, dialysis, or kidney transplantation. This imposes a significant financial and health burden on the individual, their families and careers, and the health system. Recent studies have suggested that strategies to reverse gut dysbiosis using FMT are a promising therapy in CKD. This review summarises the preclinical and clinical evidence and postulates the potential therapeutic effect of FMT in the management of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Bian
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (J.B.); (X.-M.C.)
| | - Ann Liebert
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Brian Bicknell
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Deacon, ACT 2600, Australia;
| | - Xin-Ming Chen
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (J.B.); (X.-M.C.)
| | - Chunling Huang
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (J.B.); (X.-M.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (C.A.P.); Tel.: +61-2-9926-4784 (C.H.); +61-2-9926-4652 (C.A.P.)
| | - Carol A. Pollock
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (J.B.); (X.-M.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (C.A.P.); Tel.: +61-2-9926-4784 (C.H.); +61-2-9926-4652 (C.A.P.)
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Panchal SK, John OD, Mathai ML, Brown L. Anthocyanins in Chronic Diseases: The Power of Purple. Nutrients 2022; 14:2161. [PMID: 35631301 PMCID: PMC9142943 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are mainly purple-coloured phenolic compounds of plant origin that as secondary metabolites are important in plant survival. Understanding their health benefits in humans requires sourcing these unstable compounds in sufficient quantities at a reasonable cost, which has led to improved methods of extraction. Dark-coloured fruits, cereals and vegetables are current sources of these compounds. The range of potential sustainable sources is much larger and includes non-commercialised native plants from around the world and agri-waste containing anthocyanins. In the last 5 years, there have been significant advances in developing the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins in chronic human diseases. Anthocyanins exert their beneficial effects through improvements in gut microbiota, oxidative stress and inflammation, and modulation of neuropeptides such as insulin-like growth factor-1. Their health benefits in humans include reduced cognitive decline; protection of organs such as the liver, as well as the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys; improvements in bone health and obesity; and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarises some of the sources of anthocyanins and their mechanisms and benefits in the treatment of chronic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K. Panchal
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia;
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Oliver D. John
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; or
| | - Michael L. Mathai
- Institute of Health and Sport, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia;
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lindsay Brown
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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Scuderi G, Troiani E, Minnella AM. Gut Microbiome in Retina Health: The Crucial Role of the Gut-Retina Axis. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:726792. [PMID: 35095780 PMCID: PMC8795667 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.726792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The term microbiome means not only a complex ecosystem of microbial species that colonize our body but also their genome and the surrounding environment in which they live. Recent studies support the existence of a gut-retina axis involved in the pathogenesis of several chronic progressive ocular diseases, including age-related macular disorders. This review aims to underline the importance of the gut microbiome in relation to ocular health. After briefly introducing the characteristics of the gut microbiome in terms of composition and functions, the role of gut microbiome dysbiosis, in the development or progression of retinal diseases, is highlighted, focusing on the relationship between gut microbiome composition and retinal health based on the recently investigated gut-retina axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Scuderi
- Ophthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, St. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gianluca Scuderi,
| | - Emidio Troiani
- Cardiology Unit, State Hospital, Institute for Social Security, Cailungo, San Marino
| | - Angelo Maria Minnella
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Pandey M, Gupta A. A systematic review of the automatic kidney segmentation methods in abdominal images. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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