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Zhang X, Pan CW, Du W, Zhou Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Xin Y, Lu W, Ma H. Establishing and Validating Refractive Error Reference Values for Myopia Prediction Among Children Aged 6-12 Years - Jiangsu Province, China, 2018-2023. China CDC Wkly 2024; 6:804-810. [PMID: 39157047 PMCID: PMC11325093 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
What is already known about this topic? Previously, it has been proved that a simplified model that uses refraction error value provides a robust and efficient means of predicting myopia for non-myopic students. Intervention targeting non-myopic children with alert refraction errors (or insufficient hyperopia reserve) holds significant importance in reducing the incidence rate of myopia. What is added by this report? This study, comprising two phases (surveillance and cohort studies), was aiming to pinpoint the precise refractive error value for the onset of myopia prediction among non-myopic children in Jiangsu Province. What are the implications for public health practice? First, when conducting myopia screenings using pupil dilation for non-myopic populations: the cycloplegic 50th percentile refractive error emerges as a more precise predictive indicator. Second, when conducting myopia screenings without pupil dilation: this study advocates for the incorporation of axial length (AL) and corneal curvature (CC) values as supplementary indicators in screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Du
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yonglin Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiliang Xin
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Lu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Xu Y, Han Y, Lv X, Li J, Zhai C, Zhang F. Associations of Near Work, Time Outdoors, and Sleep Duration With Myopic Regression 5 Years After SMILE and FS-LASIK: A Cross-sectional Study. J Refract Surg 2024; 40:e10-e19. [PMID: 38190564 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20231212-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association of near work, time outdoors, and sleep duration with myopic regression 5 years after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) . METHODS This cross-sectional study included patients who received SMILE or FS-LASIK at Beijing Tongren Hospital 5 years ago. The patients underwent ophthalmic examinations including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, subjective refraction, slit-lamp examination, keratometry, corneal topography, optical coherence tomography, and fundus examination from January 2020 to March 2023. Fluorescein break-up time was measured and the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was completed to exclude dry eye. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on near work exposure, physical activities, and sleep duration. RESULTS A total of 323 eyes were included in the analysis, with a 5-year incidence rate of myopic regression after SMILE or FSLASIK of 16.1%. After adjusted for all confounders, total near work more than 8 hours/day revealed a significant association with myopic regression (odds ratio: 2.461; 95% CI: 1.143 to 5.298, P = .021), particularly in younger adults, women, and patients with high myopia and FS-LASIK treatment. The significant association between sleep duration 8 hours/day or more and myopic regression was restricted to women and patients with FS-LASIK (near significant). However, no significant associations were observed between continuous near work or time outdoors and myopic regression. CONCLUSIONS Excessive near work exposure was associated with greater myopic regression 5 years after SMILE or FS-LASIK. It is crucial to maintain good visual behavior and care for preventing regression after SMILE or FS-LASIK, especially for younger patients and eyes with high myopia. [J Refract Surg. 2024;40(1):e10-e19.].
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Zhang X, Du W, Wang Y, Yang W, Wang X, Yang J. A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study on Visual Impairment and Depression Among Students - Jiangsu Province, China, 2017-2022. China CDC Wkly 2023; 5:1145-1149. [PMID: 38152635 PMCID: PMC10750165 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2023.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
What is already known about this topic? China exhibits a significantly high prevalence of myopia compared to other countries globally. Children with vision impairment have been found to engage less in physical activities, achieve lower academic performance, and have increased vulnerability to depression. What is added by this report? During a six-year observational study, a population-level correlation was identified between varying degrees of visual impairment and the presence of depressive symptoms among students. Specifically, individuals with a visual acuity below 4.0 had a significantly higher odds ratio of 1.90 (95% confidence interval: 1.53-2.37) compared to individuals with normal vision (visual acuity ≥5.0). What are the implications for public health practice? This study highlights the importance of holistic health interventions that address both visual and psychological aspects. Understanding common mechanisms and influential factors can guide the development of more impactful public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Du
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenyi Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Gurnani B, Kaur K, Rustagi IM. Is refractive enhancement a safer option for post laser in situ keratomileusis and small incision lenticule extraction regression - How far we have come? Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:2597-2598. [PMID: 37322689 PMCID: PMC10417950 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_450_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, External Diseases, Trauma, Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki-kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Cataract Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki-kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Živković ML, Lazić L, Zlatanovic M, Zlatanović N, Brzaković M, Jovanović M, Barišić S, Darabus DM. The Influence of Myopia on the Foveal Avascular Zone and Density of Blood Vessels of the Macula—An OCTA Study. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030452. [PMID: 36984453 PMCID: PMC10057575 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Myopia is the most common refractive eye anomaly with a prevalence that is constantly increasing. High myopia is associated with numerous complications that can lead to permanent vision loss. It is believed that the basis of these complications lies in changes in the microvasculature of the retina caused by an increase in the longitudinal axis of the eye. Materials and Methods: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to analyze differences in macular zone vascular and perfusion density and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters in myopic subjects. The following OCTA parameters were analyzed: the vessel and perfusion density of retinal blood vessels in the superficial plexus; the area, perimeter, and index of circularity of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ); and foveal and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness. Results: Subjects with low myopia did not show statistically significant differences compared to the control for any of the analyzed parameters. Groups with moderate and high myopia showed a significant decrease in vessel and perfusion density in the parafoveal and the entire 3 × 3 mm analyzed field. Foveal vessel and perfusion densities in the myopic groups were similar to those of the control regardless of the degree of myopia. The area and perimeter of the FAZ, as well as foveal and mean GCC thickness, did not differ significantly no matter the degree of myopia, while the index of circularity was lower in highly myopic subjects. The minimal thickness of the GCC was also lower in the high myopia group. Conclusions: High and moderate myopia led to a loss of blood vessels in the macular region. Perfusion and vascular densities were preserved in the foveal region and were not affected by different degrees of myopia. The FAZ was not significantly larger in myopic subjects, but its circularity was lower in subjects with high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja L.J. Živković
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Clinical Center Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 48, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-18-4570029; Fax: +381-18-4238770
| | - Lazar Lazić
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Marko Zlatanovic
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Clinical Center Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 48, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Nevena Zlatanović
- Community Health Center Niš in Niš, Vojvode Tankosića 15, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Mladen Brzaković
- Special Hospital for Ophthalmology “Clinic Maja”, Vizantijski Bulevar 8, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Mihailo Jovanović
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sava Barišić
- Eye Clinic, Clinical Center Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 1-9, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Diana-Maria Darabus
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Piata Eftimie Murgu, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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