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Wang J, Zhou X, Ju S, Cai R, Roopesh MS, Pan D, Du L. Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on the structural, functional and digestive properties of chickpea protein isolate. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113565. [PMID: 37986520 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea protein (CPI) is a promising dietary protein and potential substitute for soy protein in food product development due to its high protein content and low allergenicity. However, CPI possesses denser tertiary and quaternary structures and contains certain amount of anti-nutritional factors, both of which constrain its functional properties and digestibility. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJ) as a non-thermal method for enhancing the functional characteristics and digestibility of CPI. In this study, the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated by the APPJ treatment led to protein oxidation and increased carbonyl and di-tyrosine contents. At the same time, the secondary, tertiary and microstructural structures of CPI were changed. The solubility, water holding capacity, fat absorption capacity, emulsifying capacity and foaming capacity of CPI were significantly improved after 30 s APPJ treatment, and a higher storage modulus in rheology was observed. Additionally, it was observed that the in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of APPJ-treated CPI increased significantly from 44.85 ± 0.6 % to 50.2 ± 0.59 % following in vitro simulated gastric and intestinal digestion, marking a noteworthy improvement of 11.93 %. These findings indicate that APPJ processing can enhance the functional and digestive properties of CPI through structural modification and expand its potential applications within the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Shilong Ju
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Ruiyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - M S Roopesh
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Lihui Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
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2
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Liu Y, Sun Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Duan M, Wang H, Dai R, Liu Y, Li X, Jia F. Inactivation mechanisms of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on Bacillus cereus spores and its application on low-water activity foods. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112867. [PMID: 37254316 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus spore is one of the most easily contaminated bacterial spores in low-water activity foods such as black pepper. Atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) has emerged as an emerging and promising method for microbial inactivation in food processing. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of APPJ in inactivating spores under various treatment parameters and to examine the resulting alterations in spore structures and internal membrane properties. Meanwhile, the practical application of APPJ for spore inactivation in black pepper was also evaluated. The results indicated that air-APPJ had superior spore inactivation capability compared to N2 and O2-APPJ. After 20 min of APPJ treatment (50 L/min, 800 W, and 10 cm), the reduction in spore count (>2 log CFU/g) was significantly greater than that achieved by heat treatment (80℃). The damage of inner membranes was considered as the major reason of the dried spore inactivation by APPJ treatment. Moreover, it achieved a reduction in spore count of > 1 log CFU/g on inoculated black pepper without significantly affecting its color and flavor. Although the antioxidant activity of black pepper was slightly reduced, the overall quality of the product was not considerably affected by plasma treatment. This study concluded that APPJ is an effective technique for spore inactivation, offering promising potential for application in the decontamination of low-water activity foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingying Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yijie Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Miaolin Duan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruitong Dai
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xingmin Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Fei Jia
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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3
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Katsigiannis AS, Bayliss DL, Walsh JL. Cold plasma for the disinfection of industrial food‐contact surfaces: An overview of current status and opportunities. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1086-1124. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Danny L. Bayliss
- Processing & Production Research Department Campden BRI Gloucestershire UK
| | - James L. Walsh
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Electronics University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
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4
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Pilot-scale generation of plasma processed air and its influence on microbial count, microbial diversity, and selected quality parameters of dried herbs. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Andryukov BG, Karpenko AA, Lyapun IN. Learning from Nature: Bacterial Spores as a Target for Current Technologies in Medicine (Review). Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2021; 12:105-122. [PMID: 34795986 PMCID: PMC8596247 DOI: 10.17691/stm2020.12.3.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The capability of some representatives of Clostridium spp. and Bacillus spp. genera to form spores in extreme external conditions long ago became a subject of medico-biological investigations. Bacterial spores represent dormant cellular forms of gram-positive bacteria possessing a high potential of stability and the capability to endure extreme conditions of their habitat. Owing to these properties, bacterial spores are recognized as the most stable systems on the planet, and spore-forming microorganisms became widely spread in various ecosystems. Spore-forming bacteria have been attracted increased interest for years due to their epidemiological danger. Bacterial spores may be in the quiescent state for dozens or hundreds of years but after they appear in the favorable conditions of a human or animal organism, they turn into vegetative forms causing an infectious process. The greatest threat among the pathogenic spore-forming bacteria is posed by the causative agents of anthrax (B. anthracis), food toxicoinfection (B. cereus), pseudomembranous colitis (C. difficile), botulism (C. botulinum), gas gangrene (C. perfringens). For the effective prevention of severe infectious diseases first of all it is necessary to study the molecular structure of bacterial spores and the biochemical mechanisms of sporulation and to develop innovative methods of detection and disinfection of dormant cells. There is another side of the problem: the necessity to investigate exo- and endospores from the standpoint of obtaining similar artificially synthesized models in order to use them in the latest medical technologies for the development of thermostable vaccines, delivery of biologically active substances to the tissues and intracellular structures. In recent years, bacterial spores have become an interesting object for the exploration from the point of view of a new paradigm of unicellular microbiology in order to study microbial heterogeneity by means of the modern analytical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Andryukov
- Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology; G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 1 Selskaya St., Vladivostok, 690087, Russia; Professor, Department of Fundamental Sciences; Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Village Ayaks, Island Russkiy, Vladivostok, 690922, Russia
| | - A A Karpenko
- Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Cell Biophysics; A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo St., Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - I N Lyapun
- Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 1 Selskaya St., Vladivostok, 690087, Russia
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6
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Tut G, Magan N, Brain P, Xu X. Molecular Assay Development to Monitor the Kinetics of Viable Populations of Two Biocontrol Agents, Bacillus subtilis QST 713 and Gliocladium catenulatum J1446, in the Phyllosphere of Lettuce Leaves. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030224. [PMID: 33804029 PMCID: PMC8001495 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary There is a need to be able to track the viable populations of biocontrol agents when applied on the foliar surfaces of plants. We have developed a molecular-based method for the quantification of viable cells of two commercial biocontrol agents—a bacterium (Bacillus subtilis) and a fungus (Gliocladium catenulatum). The method has been tested on the leaf surfaces of lettuce plants to examine the changes in viable population over 10–12 days for the first time. Abstract Optimising the use of biocontrol agents (BCAs) requires the temporal tracking of viable populations in the crop phyllosphere to ensure that effective control can be achieved. No sensitive systems for quantifying viable populations of commercially available BCAs, such as Bacillus subtilis and Gliocladium catenulatum, in the phyllosphere of crop plants are available. The objective of this study was to develop a method to quantify viable populations of these two BCAs in the crop phyllosphere. A molecular tool based on propidium monoazide (PMA) (PMAxx™-qPCR) capable of quantifying viable populations of these two BCAs was developed. Samples were treated with PMAxx™ (12.5–100 μM), followed by 15 min incubation, exposure to a 800 W halogen light for 30 min, DNA extraction, and quantification using qPCR. This provided a platform for using the PMAxx™-qPCR technique for both BCAs to differentiate viable from dead cells. The maximum number of dead cells blocked, based on the DNA, was 3.44 log10 for B. subtilis and 5.75 log10 for G. catenulatum. Validation studies showed that this allowed accurate quantification of viable cells. This method provided effective quantification of the temporal changes in viable populations of the BCAs in commercial formulations on lettuce leaves in polytunnel and glasshouse production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkan Tut
- NIAB East Malling Research, West Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK; (G.T.); (P.B.); (X.X.)
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Naresh Magan
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Philip Brain
- NIAB East Malling Research, West Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK; (G.T.); (P.B.); (X.X.)
| | - Xiangming Xu
- NIAB East Malling Research, West Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK; (G.T.); (P.B.); (X.X.)
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7
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Umair M, Jabbar S, Ayub Z, Muhammad Aadil R, Abid M, Zhang J, Liqing Z. Recent Advances in Plasma Technology: Influence of Atmospheric Cold Plasma on Spore Inactivation. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1888972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Saqib Jabbar
- Food Science Research Institute (FSRI), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zubaria Ayub
- Institute of Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Institute of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Jianhao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Liqing
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
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8
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Cold plasma processing of powdered Spirulina algae for spore inactivation and preservation of bioactive compounds. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Ahmadnia M, Sadeghi M, Abbaszadeh R, Ghomi Marzdashti HR. Decontamination of whole strawberry via dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma and effects on quality attributes. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ahmadnia
- Department of Biosystems Engineering College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | - Morteza Sadeghi
- Department of Biosystems Engineering College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | - Rouzbeh Abbaszadeh
- Agricultural Research Institute Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ghomi Marzdashti
- Department of Plasma Engineering Laser and Plasma Research Institute (LAPRI)Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran
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10
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Pina-Perez M, Martinet D, Palacios-Gorba C, Ellert C, Beyrer M. Low-energy short-term cold atmospheric plasma: Controlling the inactivation efficacy of bacterial spores in powders. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Reineke K, Mathys A. Endospore Inactivation by Emerging Technologies: A Review of Target Structures and Inactivation Mechanisms. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2020; 11:255-274. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in preservation technologies allow for the delivery of food with nutritional value and superior taste. Of special interest are low-acid, shelf-stable foods in which the complete control or inactivation of bacterial endospores is the crucial step to ensure consumer safety. Relevant preservation methods can be classified into physicochemical or physical hurdles, and the latter can be subclassified into thermal and nonthermal processes. The underlying inactivation mechanisms for each of these physicochemical or physical processes impact different morphological or molecular structures essential for spore germination and integrity in the dormant state. This review provides an overview of distinct endospore defense mechanisms that affect emerging physical hurdles as well as which technologies address these mechanisms. The physical spore-inactivation technologies considered include thermal, dynamic, and isostatic high pressure and electromagnetic technologies, such as pulsed electric fields, UV light, cold atmospheric pressure plasma, and high- or low-energy electron beam.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Mathys
- Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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12
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Kramer B, Hasse D, Guist S, Schmitt-John T, Muranyi P. Inactivation of bacterial endospores on surfaces by plasma processed air. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:920-933. [PMID: 31758752 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In case of biological hazards and pandemics, personal protective equipment of rescue forces is currently manually decontaminated with harmful disinfectants, primarily peracetic acid. To overcome current drawbacks regarding supply, handling and disposal of chemicals, the use of plasma processed air (PPA) represents a promising alternative for surface decontamination on site. In this study, the sporicidal efficiency of a portable plasma system, designed for field applications, was evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS The developed plasma device is based on a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and operated with ambient air as process gas. PPA from the plasma nozzle was flushed into a treatment chamber (volume: 300 l) and bacterial endospores (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus atrophaeus) dried on different surfaces were treated under variable conditions. Reductions in spores by more than 4 log10 were found within 3 min of PPA exposure. However, the presence of endospores in agglomerates or in an organic matrix as well as the complexity of the respective surface microstructure negatively affected the inactivation efficiency. When endospores were embedded in a dried protein matrix, mechanical wiping with swabs during exposure to PPA increased the inactivation effect significantly. Gaseous ozone alone did not provide a sporicidal effect. Significant spore inactivation was only obtained when water vapour was injected into the PPA stream. CONCLUSION The results show that endospores dried on surfaces can be reduced by several orders of magnitude within few minutes in a treatment chamber which is flushed with PPA from of a DBD plasma nozzle. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Plasma processed air generated on site by DBD plasma nozzles could be a suitable alternative for the disinfection of various surfaces in closed rooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kramer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Freising, Germany
| | - D Hasse
- Plasmatreat GmbH, Steinhagen, Germany
| | - S Guist
- Plasmatreat GmbH, Steinhagen, Germany
| | | | - P Muranyi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Freising, Germany
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13
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Chen YQ, Cheng JH, Sun DW. Chemical, physical and physiological quality attributes of fruit and vegetables induced by cold plasma treatment: Mechanisms and application advances. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2676-2690. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1654429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hu Cheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou, China
- Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Agriculture and Food Science Centre, Dublin 4, Ireland
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14
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Huang Y, Ye XP, Doona CJ, Feeherry FE, Radosevich M, Wang S. An investigation of inactivation mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores in non-thermal plasma of ambient air. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:368-378. [PMID: 29888388 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To utilize the potential of non-thermal plasma technologies for food safety control and sanitation, the inactivation mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores by non-thermal plasma of ambient air (NTP-AA) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with chemometric analysis and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, aiming to probe both the morphological and biochemical changes occurring in spores during the kinetic inactivation process. RESULTS Kinetic analysis indicates that there is no intrinsic D-value (i.e. time required to inactivate 90% of the spores) in spore inactivation by NTP-AA because we observed non-linear (biphasic) inactivation kinetics and, in addition, the inactivation rate depended on the initial spore concentration and how the spores were exposed to the reactive species in the NTP-AA. The presence of suitable amount of water in the NTP-AA field accelerates spore inactivation. CONCLUSION Progressive erosion of spore surface by NTP-AA with ensuing or concomitant biochemical damage, which includes the alteration of structural proteins, internal lipids and the loss of dipicolinic acid content from the spore core, represent the main mechanisms of inactivation, and there is evidence that reactive NTP-AA species could penetrate the cortex and reach the core of spores to cause damage. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Huang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Xiaofei P Ye
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Mark Radosevich
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Siqun Wang
- Center for Renewable Carbon, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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15
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Cold atmospheric pressure plasma and low energy electron beam as alternative nonthermal decontamination technologies for dry food surfaces: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Lopes RP, Mota MJ, Gomes AM, Delgadillo I, Saraiva JA. Application of High Pressure with Homogenization, Temperature, Carbon Dioxide, and Cold Plasma for the Inactivation of Bacterial Spores: A Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:532-555. [PMID: 33350128 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Formation of highly resistant spores is a concern for the safety of low-acid foods as they are a perfect vehicle for food spoilage and/or human infection. For spore inactivation, the strategy usually applied in the food industry is the intensification of traditional preservation methods to sterilization levels, which is often accompanied by decreases of nutritional and sensory properties. In order to overcome these unwanted side effects in food products, novel and emerging sterilization technologies are being developed, such as pressure-assisted thermal sterilization, high-pressure carbon dioxide, high-pressure homogenization, and cold plasma. In this review, the application of these emergent technologies is discussed, in order to understand the effects on bacterial spores and their inactivation and thus ensure food safety of low-acid foods. In general, the application of these novel technologies for inactivating spores is showing promising results. However, it is important to note that each technique has specific features that can be more suitable for a particular type of product. Thus, the most appropriate sterilization method for each product (and target microorganisms) should be assessed and carefully selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita P Lopes
- QOPNA, Chemistry Dept., Univ. of Aveiro, Campus Univ. de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria J Mota
- QOPNA, Chemistry Dept., Univ. of Aveiro, Campus Univ. de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana M Gomes
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Univ. Católica Portuguesa, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ivonne Delgadillo
- QOPNA, Chemistry Dept., Univ. of Aveiro, Campus Univ. de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge A Saraiva
- QOPNA, Chemistry Dept., Univ. of Aveiro, Campus Univ. de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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17
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Innovative non-thermal plasma disinfection process inside sealed bags: Assessment of bactericidal and sporicidal effectiveness in regard to current sterilization norms. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180183. [PMID: 28662202 PMCID: PMC5491144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we developed a device capable to generate a non-thermal plasma discharge inside a sealed bag. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the oxygen, nitrogen and argon plasma sterilization on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis spores according to the NF EN 556 Norm. Moreover the bag integrity which is a critical key to maintain the sterile state of items after the end of the process was verified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometry (XPS) analyses. After plasma treatments, the bacterial counting showed a 6 log reduction of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in 45 min and 120 min respectively whatever the gas used and a 4 log reduction of B. subtilis spores in 120 min with only oxygen plasma. These results were confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations showing altered bacteria or spores and numerous debris. Taking into account the studied microorganisms, the oxygen plasma treatment showed the highest efficiency. FTIR and XPS analyses showed that this treatment induced no significant modification of the bags. To conclude this non-thermal plasma sterilization technique could be an opportunity to sterilize heat and chemical-sensitive medical devices and to preserve their sterile state after the end of the process.
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Use of Raman Spectroscopy and Phase-Contrast Microscopy To Characterize Cold Atmospheric Plasma Inactivation of Individual Bacterial Spores. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:5775-84. [PMID: 27422840 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01669-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Raman spectroscopy and phase-contrast microscopy were used to examine calcium dipicolinate (CaDPA) levels and rates of nutrient and nonnutrient germination of multiple individual Bacillus subtilis spores treated with cold atmospheric plasma (CAP). Major results for this work include the following: (i) >5 logs of spores deposited on glass surfaces were inactivated by CAP treatment for 3 min, while deposited spores placed inside an impermeable plastic bag were inactivated only ∼2 logs in 30 min; (ii) >80% of the spores treated for 1 to 3 min with CAP were nonculturable and retained CaDPA in their core, while >95% of spores treated with CAP for 5 to 10 min lost all CaDPA; (iii) Raman measurements of individual CAP-treated spores without CaDPA showed differences from spores that germinated with l-valine in terms of nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins; and (iv) 1 to 2 min of CAP treatment killed 99% of spores, but these spores still germinated with nutrients or exogenous CaDPA, albeit more slowly and to a lesser extent than untreated spores, while spores CAP treated for >3 min that retained CaDPA did not germinate via nutrients or CaDPA. However, even after 1 to 3 min of CAP treatment, spores germinated normally with dodecylamine. These results suggest that exposure to the present CAP configuration severely damages a spore's inner membrane and key germination proteins, such that the treated spores either lose CaDPA or can neither initiate nor complete germination with nutrients or CaDPA. Analysis of the various CAP components indicated that UV photons contributed minimally to spore inactivation, while charged particles and reactive oxygen species contributed significantly. IMPORTANCE Much research has shown that cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising tool for the inactivation of spores in the medical and food industries. However, knowledge about the effects of plasma treatment on spore properties is limited, especially at the single-cell level. In this study, Raman spectroscopy and phase-contrast microscopy were used to analyze CaDPA levels and kinetics of nutrient- and non-nutrient-germinant-induced germination of multiple individual spores of Bacillus subtilis that were treated by a planar CAP device. The roles of different plasma species involved in spore inactivation were also investigated. The knowledge obtained in this study will aid in understanding the mechanism(s) of spore inactivation by CAP and potentially facilitate the development of more effective and efficient plasma sterilization techniques in various applications.
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Tabuchi Y, Uchiyama H, Zhao QL, Yunoki T, Andocs G, Nojima N, Takeda K, Ishikawa K, Hori M, Kondo T. Effects of nitrogen on the apoptosis of and changes in gene expression in human lymphoma U937 cells exposed to argon-based cold atmospheric pressure plasma. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1706-14. [PMID: 27121589 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) is known as a source of biologically active agents, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). In the present study, we examined the effects of nitrogen (N2) on the apoptosis of and changes in gene expression in human lymphoma U937 cells exposed to argon (Ar)-CAP. Enormous amounts of hydroxyl (·OH) radicals in aqueous solution were produced using Ar‑CAP generated using a 20 kHz low frequency at 18 kV with a flow rate of 2 l/min. The increase in the levels of ·OH radicals was significantly attenuated by the addition of N2 to Ar gas. On the other hand, the level of total nitrate/nitrite in the supernatant was significantly elevated in the Ar + N2-CAP‑exposed U937 cells. When the cells were exposed to Ar‑CAP, a significant increase in apoptosis was observed, whereas apoptosis was markedly decreased in the cells exposed to Ar + N2-CAP. Microarray and pathway analyses revealed that a newly identified gene network containing a number of heat shock proteins (HSPs), anti-apoptotic genes, was mainly associated with the biological function of the prevention of apoptosis. Quantitative PCR revealed that the expression levels of HSPs were significantly elevated in the cells exposed to Ar + N2-CAP than those exposed to Ar‑CAP. These results indicate that N2 gas in Ar‑CAP modifies the ratio of ROS to RNS, and suppresses the apoptosis induced by Ar‑CAP. The modulation of gaseous conditions in CAP may thus prove to be useful for future clinical applications, such as for switching from a sterilizing mode to cytocidal effect for cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | | | - Qing-Li Zhao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yunoki
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Gabor Andocs
- Tateyama Machine Co., Ltd., Toyama 930-1305, Japan
| | | | - Keigo Takeda
- Plasma Nanotechnology Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishikawa
- Plasma Nanotechnology Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masaru Hori
- Plasma Nanotechnology Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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