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Oda W, Umemura K, Ito K, Kawamoto Y, Takahashi Y, Takakura Y. Development of potent unmethylated CpG DNA hydrogel by introducing i-motifs into long single-stranded DNA. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123438. [PMID: 37741558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) DNA is recognized by Toll-like receptor 9, expressed in the endosomes of immune cells, and induces the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. CpG DNA is, therefore, expected to be used as vaccine adjuvants, but there are many obstacles for its therapeutic application, such as poor cellular uptake and biostability. Long single-stranded DNA (lssDNA) synthesized by rolling circle amplification can be a useful delivery carrier for CpG DNA because of its cellular uptake efficiency, but the immunostimulatory effect is transient because it is easily degraded in endosomes. To improve its stability, we constructed lssDNA which forms hydrogel by i-motifs in an acidic environment mimicking endosome, and incorporated CpG DNA into lssDNA (i-CpG-lssDNA). We synthesized lssDNA containing the optimized i-motif sequence, and confirmed the formation of a DNA hydrogel in an acidic environment. The i-CpG-lssDNA elicited a potent proinflammatory cytokine production in murine macrophages, compared to CpG DNA-containing lssDNA without i-motifs. Consistently, its intradermal administration induced potent inflammatory cytokines at the regional lymph nodes. These results suggested that i-CpG-lssDNA could serve as a novel type of adjuvant for the induction of a potent immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakana Oda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Umemura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Ito
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawamoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Takahashi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Takakura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Chen X, Zhang P, Li P, Wang G, Li J, Wu Y, Cao Z, Zhou Y, Sun Y. CpG ODN 1668 as TLR9 agonist mediates humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) antibacterial immune responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108839. [PMID: 37207883 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cromileptes altivelis (humpback grouper) is the main farmed species in the southern coastal area of China owing to its important economic value. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) belongs to the toll-like receptor (TLR) family and functions as a pattern recognition receptor, recognising unmethylated oligodeoxynucleotides containing the CpG motif (CpG ODNs) in bacterial and viral genomes, thereby activating host immune response. In this study, the C. altivelis TLR9 (CaTLR9) ligand CpG ODN 1668 was screened and found to significantly enhance the antibacterial immunity of humpback grouper in vivo and head kidney lymphocytes (HKLs) in vitro. In addition, CpG ODN 1668 also promoted the cell proliferation and immune gene expression of HKLs and strengthened the phagocytosis activity of head kidney macrophages. However, when the CaTLR9 expression was knocked down in the humpback group, the expression levels of TLR9, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-8 were significantly reduced, and the antibacterial immune effects induced by CpG ODN 1668 were mostly abolished. Therefore, CpG ODN 1668 induced antibacterial immune responses in a CaTLR9-dependent pathway. These results enhance the knowledge of the antibacterial immunity of fish TLR signalling pathways and have important implications for exploring natural antibacterial molecules in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Pengshuo Li
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Guotao Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhenjie Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yongcan Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Chen X, Wu Y, Qiu Y, Li P, Cao Z, Zhou Y, Sun Y. CpG ODN 2102 promotes antibacterial immune responses and enhances vaccine-induced protection in golden pompano (Trachinotusovatus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 137:108783. [PMID: 37137380 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs and can be recognized by toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), activating the host's immune responses. In this study, ten different CpG ODNs were designed and synthesized to study the antibacterial immune responses of CpG ODNs in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Results showed that CpG ODN 2102 significantly improved the immunity of golden pompano against bacteria. Besides, CpG ODN 2102 promoted the proliferation of head kidney lymphocytes and activated the head kidney macrophages. When TLR9-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to interfere with TLR9 expression, the immune responses were decreased. Moreover, the expression levels of myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (Myd88), p65, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the TLR9-knockdown golden pompano kidney (GPK) cells were significantly reduced. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) promoter activity of the TLR9-knockdown GPK cells was also significantly reduced. In vivo, the antibacterial immune effects induced by CpG ODN 2102 in golden pompano were mostly abolished when TLR9 expression was knocked down. These results suggested that TLR9 was involved in the immune responses induced by CpG ODN 2102. CpG ODN 2102 also enhanced the protective effect of the Vibrio harveyi vaccine pCTssJ, where the survival rate of golden pompano was significantly improved by 20%. In addition, CpG ODN 2102 enhanced the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of TLR9, Myxovirus resistance (Mx), interferon γ (IFN-γ), TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, major histocompatibility complex class (MHC) Iα, MHC IIα, Immunoglobulin D (IgD), and IgM. Therefore, TLR9 was involved in the antibacterial immune responses induced by CpG ODN 2102 and CpG ODN 2102 possessed adjuvant immune effects. These results enlarged our knowledge of the antibacterial immunity of fish TLRs signaling pathway and had important implications for exploring natural antibacterial molecules in fish and developing new vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Chen
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yulin Qiu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Pengshuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhenjie Cao
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yongcan Zhou
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Yun Sun
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Zhang S, Ding J, Zhang Y, Liu S, Yang J, Yin T. Regulation and Function of Chemokines at the Maternal–Fetal Interface. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:826053. [PMID: 35938162 PMCID: PMC9354654 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.826053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful pregnancy requires the maternal immune system to tolerate the semi-allogeneic embryo. A good trophoblast function is also essential for successful embryo implantation and subsequent placental development. Chemokines are initially described in recruiting leukocytes. There are rich chemokines and chemokine receptor system at the maternal–fetal interface. Numerous studies have reported that they not only regulate trophoblast biological behaviors but also participate in the decidual immune response. At the same time, the chemokine system builds an important communication network between fetally derived trophoblast cells and maternally derived decidual cells. However, abnormal functions of chemokines or chemokine receptors are involved in a series of pregnancy complications. As growing evidence points to the roles of chemokines in pregnancy, there is a great need to summarize the available data on this topic. This review aimed to describe the recent research progress on the regulation and function of the main chemokines in pregnancy at the maternal–fetal interface. In addition, we also discussed the potential relationship between chemokines and pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University & Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinli Ding
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University & Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Su Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Su Liu, ; Jing Yang, ; Tailang Yin,
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University & Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Su Liu, ; Jing Yang, ; Tailang Yin,
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University & Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Su Liu, ; Jing Yang, ; Tailang Yin,
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Sui N, Zhang R, Jiang Y, Yu H, Xu G, Wang J, Zhu Y, Xie Z, Hu J, Jiang S. Long Noncoding RNA Expression Rofiles Elucidate the Potential Roles of lncRNA- XR_003496198 in Duck Hepatitis A Virus Type 1 Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:858537. [PMID: 35531338 PMCID: PMC9074814 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.858537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is a highly lethal virus that severely affects the duck industry worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert crucial roles in pathogen attacks. Here, we conducted deep transcriptome analysis to investigate the dynamic changes of host lncRNAs profiles in DHAV-1-infected duck embryo fibroblasts. We identified 16,589 lncRNAs in total and characterized their genomic features. Moreover, 772 and 616 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were screened at 12 and 24 h post-infection. Additionally, we predicted the DELs’ cis- and trans-target genes and constructed lncRNA-target genes regulatory networks. Functional annotation analyses indicated that the putative target genes of DELs participated in diverse vital biological processed, including immune responses, cellular metabolism, and autophagy. For example, we confirmed the dysregulation of pattern recognition receptors (TLR3, RIG-I, MDA5, LGP2, cGAS), signal transducers (STAT1), transcription factors (IRF7), immune response mediators (IL6, IL10, TRIM25, TRIM35, TRIM60, IFITM1, IFITM3, IFITM5), and autophagy-related genes (ULK1, ULK2, EIF4EBP2) using RT-qPCR. Finally, we confirmed that one DHAV-1 induced lncRNA-XR_003496198 is likely to inhibit DHAV-1 replication in DEFs. Our study comprehensively analyzed the lncRNA profiles upon DHAV-1 infection and screened the target genes involved in the innate immune response and autophagy signaling pathway, thereby revealing the essential roles of duck lncRNAs and broadening our understanding of host-virus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Sui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Honglei Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Guige Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Zhijing Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Jiaqing Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
- Shandong GreenBlue Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Taian, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqing Hu, ; Shijin Jiang,
| | - Shijin Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqing Hu, ; Shijin Jiang,
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Hu J, Li W, Huang B, Zhao Q, Fan X. The Profiles of Long Non-coding RNA and mRNA Transcriptome Reveals the Genes and Pathway Potentially Involved in Pasteurella multocida Infection of New Zealand Rabbits. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:591273. [PMID: 34026883 PMCID: PMC8131872 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.591273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) causes severe epidemic diseases in rabbits and is responsible for the pronounced economic losses in the livestock industry. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to exert vital functions in regulating the host immune responses to bacterial attacks. However, little is known about how lncRNAs participate in the rabbit's immune response against P. multocida infection in the lungs. LncRNA and mRNA expression profiles were analyzed by transcriptomics and bioinformatics during P. multocida infection. A total of 336 lncRNAs and 7,014 mRNAs were differentially regulated at 1 day and 3 days post infection (dpi). Nearly 80% of the differentially expressed lncRNAs exhibited an increased expression at 3 dpi suggesting that the P. multocida genes are responsible for regulation. Moreover, GO and KEGG enriched analysis indicated that the immune-related pathways including pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), cytokines, and chemokines were significantly enriched at 3 dpi. These results indicate that the dysregulated immune-related genes may play crucial roles in defending against P. multocida attacks. Overall, these results advance our cognition of the role of lncRNAs and mRNAs in modulating the rabbit's innate immune response against P. multocida attacks, which will offer a valuable clue for further studies into exploring P. multocida-related diseases in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Bing Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Disease Diagnose and Immune, Institute of Poultry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qiaoya Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Disease Diagnose and Immune, Institute of Poultry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinzhong Fan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Qin M, Chen W, Li Z, Wang L, Ma L, Geng J, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zeng Y. Role of IFNLR1 gene in PRRSV infection of PAM cells. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e39. [PMID: 34056880 PMCID: PMC8170216 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interferon lambda receptor 1 (IFNLR1) is a type II cytokine receptor that clings to interleukins IL-28A, IL29B, and IL-29 referred to as type III IFNs (IFN-λs). IFN-λs act through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway to exert antiviral effects related to preventing and curing an infection. Although the immune function of IFN-λs in virus invasion has been described, the molecular mechanism of IFNLR1 in that process is unclear. Objectives The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of IFNLR1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Methods The effects of IFNLR1 on the proliferation of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) during PRRSV infection were investigated using interference and overexpression methods. Results In this study, the expressions of the IFNLR1 gene in the liver, large intestine, small intestine, kidney, and lung tissues of Dapulian pigs were significantly higher than those in Landrace pigs. It was determined that porcine IFNLR1 overexpression suppresses PRRSV replication. The qRT-PCR results revealed that overexpression of IFNLR1 upregulated antiviral and IFN-stimulated genes. IFNLR1 overexpression inhibits the proliferation of PAMs and upregulation of p-STAT1. By contrast, knockdown of IFNLR1 expression promotes PAMs proliferation. The G0/G1 phase proportion in IFNLR1-overexpressing cells increased, and the opposite change was observed in IFNLR1-underexpressing cells. After inhibition of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, the G2/M phase proportion in the IFNLR1-overexpressing cells showed a significant increasing trend. In conclusion, overexpression of IFNLR1 induces activation of the JAK/STAT pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of PAMs infected with PRRSV. Conclusion Expression of the IFNLR1 gene has an important regulatory role in PRRSV-infected PAMs, indicating it has potential as a molecular target in developing a new strategy for the treatment of PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Lixue Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Lixia Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Jinhong Geng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Yongqing Zeng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an City, Shandong Province 271018, China.
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Global Transcriptome and Correlation Analysis Reveal Cultivar-Specific Molecular Signatures Associated with Fruit Development and Fatty Acid Determination in Camellia oleifera Abel. Int J Genomics 2020; 2020:6162802. [PMID: 32953873 PMCID: PMC7481963 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6162802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oil-tea Camellia is a very important edible oil plant widely distributed in southern China. Tea oil extracted from the oil-tea Camellia seeds is beneficial to health and is considered as a health edible oil. We attempt to identify genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis in an oil-tea Camellia seed kernel, generated a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of the seed kernel at different developmental stages, and explore optimal picking time of fruit. Material and Methods. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometer was used to detect the content of various fatty acids in samples. Transcriptome analysis was performed to detect gene dynamics and corresponding functions. Results Multiple phenotypic data were counted in detail, including the oil content, oleic acid content, linoleic acid content, linolenic acid content, fruit weight, fruit height, fruit diameter, single seed weight, seed length, and seed width in different developmental stages, which indicate that a majority of indicators increased with the development of oil-tea Camellia. The transcriptomics was conducted to perform a comprehensive and system-level view on dynamic gene expression networks for different developmental stages. Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) analysis of XL106 (the 6 time points) and XL210 (8 time points) was performed to screen related fatty acid (FA) gene set, from which 1041 candidate genes related to FA were selected in XL106 and 202 related genes were screened in XL210 based on GO and KEGG enrichment. Then, candidate genes and trait dataset were combined to conduct correlation analysis, and 10 genes were found to be strongly connected with several key traits. Conclusions The multiple phenotypic data revealed the dynamic law of changes during the picking stage. Transcriptomic analysis identified a large number of potential key regulatory factors that can control the oil content of dried kernels, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, fresh seed rate, and kernel-to-seed ratio, thereby providing a new insight into the molecular networks underlying the picking stage of oil-tea Camellia, which provides a theoretical basis for the optimal fruit picking point.
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Lu J, Zhu M, Cao H, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Li X, Hu J, Yang G, Shi X. Impact of Fermented Corn-Soybean Meal on Gene Expression of Immunity in the Blood, Level of Secretory Immunoglobulin A, and Mucosa-Associated Bacterial Community in the Intestine of Grower-Finisher Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:246. [PMID: 32656248 PMCID: PMC7325983 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of a fermented corn–soybean meal [fermented feed (FF)] on the gene expression of immunity in the blood, the level of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), and mucosa-associated bacterial community in the duodenum and colon of grower-finisher pigs. In this study, crossbred barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) were randomly assigned to either an unfermented corn–soybean diet (Ctrl) (n = 6) or an FF diet (n = 6), and then the following were examined: the expression of immunity using real-time reverse transcription polymerase-chain reaction in the blood, sIgA using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and changes in the bacterial community using Illumina Hiseq sequencing in the mucosa of the duodenum and colon. Compared with control pigs fed with a standard diet, the results showed that FF caused upregulation of the mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), TLR4, TLR6, and TLR8 in the blood (P < 0.05). Moreover, sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in duodenal mucosa samples indicated that the FF diet had a lower proportion of Tenericutes (P < 0.05) in the duodenal mucosa-associated microbiota, and FF significantly increased the percentage of Rikenellaceae and Christensenellaceae but decreased the abundance of Lachnospiraceae (P < 0.05) in the colonic mucosa-associated microbiota. The ELISA results showed that FF significantly increased the concentration of sIgA in the colonic mucosa (P < 0.05). More importantly, our correlation analysis indicated that the gene expression of immunity in the blood and the concentration of sIgA was associated with colonic mucosa-associated microbiota. Our data provide new knowledge into the adaptation response of the intestine to fermented feeding in monogastric animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mengqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Haigang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhaolu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin'e Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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10
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Ni L, Song C, Wu X, Zhao X, Wang X, Li B, Gan Y. RNA-seq transcriptome profiling of porcine lung from two pig breeds in response to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7900. [PMID: 31656701 PMCID: PMC6812673 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) is the main pathogen causing respiratory disease in the swine industry. Mhp infection rates differ across pig breeds, with Chinese native pig breeds that exhibit high fecundity (e.g., Jiangquhai, Meishan, Erhualian) more sensitive than Duroc, Landrace, and other imported pig breeds. However, the genetic basis of the immune response to Mhp infection in different pig breeds is largely unknown. Aims The aims of this study were to determine the relative Mhp susceptibility of the Chinese native Jiangquhai breed compared to the Duroc breed, and identify molecular mechanisms of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using an RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) approach. Methods Jiangquhai and Duroc pigs were artificially infected with the same Mhp dose. The entire experiment lasted 28 days. Daily weight gain, Mhp-specific antibody levels, and lung lesion scores were measured to evaluate the Mhp infection susceptibility of different breeds. Experimental pigs were slaughtered on the 28th day. Lung tissues were collected for total RNA extraction. RNA-seq was performed to identify DEGs, which were enriched by gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia annotation of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. DEGs were validated with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results Infection with the same Mhp dose produced a more serious condition in Jiangquhai pigs than in Duroc pigs. Jiangquhai pigs showed poorer growth, higher Mhp antibody levels, and more serious lung lesions compared with Duroc pigs. RNA-seq identified 2,250 and 3,526 DEGs in lung tissue from Jiangquhai and Duroc pigs, respectively. The two breeds shared 1,669 DEGs, which were involved in immune-relevant pathways including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and chemokine signaling pathway. Compared to Jiangquhai pigs, more chemokines, interferon response factors, and interleukins were specifically activated in Duroc pigs; CXCL10, CCL4, IL6 and IFNG genes were significantly up-regulated, which may help Duroc pigs enhance immune response and reduce Mhp susceptibility. Conclusion This study demonstrated differential immune-related DEGs in lung tissue from the two breeds, and revealed an important role of genetics in the immune response to Mhp infection. The biological functions of these important DEGs should be further confirmed and maybe applied as molecular markers that improve pig health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Ni
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyi Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinsheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuting Zhao
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bichun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Gan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Lu H, Liu G, Wang Y, Jiang Y. The complete mitochondrial genome of Dapulian pig ( Sus scrofa) and a phylogenetic study. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2018; 3:265-266. [PMID: 33490502 PMCID: PMC7800307 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1443036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The two types of mitochondrial genomes of Dapulian pig has been sequenced and annotated completely. The entire genome is 16,610 bp in length with an A + T content of 60.6% (GenBank accession No. MG009445, MG009446). This mitochondrial genome consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA subunits and 22 transfer RNAs, and 1 D-loop control regions. A phylogenetic tree with the near-complete mitochondrial genome sequences of two types of Dapulian pigs together with 17 other Chinese pig breeds was constructed. The results can be subsequently used to provide information for pig phylogenetic and insights into the evolution of genomes. The mitochondrial genome would play an important role in population genetics and phylogenetic analysis of Sus scrofa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Lu
- Department of Genetics, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Gen Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yanchao Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Department of Genetics, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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12
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Ye MH, Bao H, Meng Y, Guan LL, Stothard P, Plastow G. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of porcine peripheral blood reveals differentially expressed genes from the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway related to health status. Genome 2017; 60:1021-1028. [PMID: 28763624 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2017-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While some research has looked into the host genetic response in pigs challenged with specific viruses or bacteria, few studies have explored the expression changes of transcripts in the peripheral blood of sick pigs that may be infected with multiple pathogens on farms. In this study, the architecture of the peripheral blood transcriptome of 64 Duroc sired commercial pigs, including 18 healthy animals at entry to a growing facility (set as a control) and 23 pairs of samples from healthy and sick pen mates, was generated using RNA-Seq technology. In total, 246 differentially expressed genes were identified to be specific to the sick animals. Functional enrichment analysis for those genes revealed that the over-represented gene ontology terms for the biological processes category were exclusively immune activity related. The cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway was significantly enriched. Nine functional genes from this pathway encoding members (as well as their receptors) of the interleukins, chemokines, tumor necrosis factors, colony stimulating factors, activins, and interferons exhibited significant transcriptional alteration in sick animals. Our results suggest a subset of novel marker genes that may be useful candidate genes in the evaluation and prediction of health status in pigs under commercial production conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Ye
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 1400 College Plaza, 8215 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada.,b College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - H Bao
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 1400 College Plaza, 8215 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Y Meng
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 1400 College Plaza, 8215 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - L L Guan
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 1400 College Plaza, 8215 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - P Stothard
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 1400 College Plaza, 8215 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - G Plastow
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 1400 College Plaza, 8215 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada
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