1
|
Liu F, Ryu T, Ravasi T, Wang X, Wang G, Li Z. Niche-dependent sponge hologenome expression profiles and the host-microbes interplay: a case of the hawaiian demosponge Mycale Grandis. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2024; 19:22. [PMID: 38589941 PMCID: PMC11000336 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-024-00563-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most researches on sponge holobionts focus primarily on symbiotic microbes, yet data at the level of the sponge hologenome are still relatively scarce. Understanding of the sponge host and its microbial gene expression profiles and the host-microbes interplay in different niches represents a key aspect of sponge hologenome. Using the Hawaiian demosponge Mycale grandis in different niches as a model, i.e. on rocks, on the surface of coral Porites compressa, under alga Gracilaria salicornia, we compared the bacterial and fungal community structure, functional gene diversity, expression pattern and the host transcriptome by integrating open-format (deep sequencing) and closed-format (GeoChip microarray) high-throughput techniques. RESULTS Little inter-niche variation in bacterial and fungal phylogenetic diversity was detected for M. grandis in different niches, but a clear niche-dependent variability in the functional gene diversity and expression pattern of M. grandis host and its symbiotic microbiota was uncovered by GeoChip microarray and transcriptome analyses. Particularly, sponge host genes related to innate immunity and microbial recognition showed a strong correlation with the microbial symbionts' functional gene diversity and transcriptional richness in different niches. The cross-niche variability with respect to the symbiont functional gene diversity and the transcriptional richness of M. grandis holobiont putatively reflects the interplay of niche-specific selective pressure and the symbiont functional diversity. CONCLUSIONS Niche-dependent gene expression profiles of M. grandis hologenome and the host-microbes interplay were suggested though little inter-niche variation in bacterial and fungal diversity was detected, particularly the sponge innate immunity was found to be closely related to the symbiotic microbes. Altogether, these findings provide novel insights into the black box of one sponge holobiont in different niches at the hologenome level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Taewoo Ryu
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Guangyi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang B, Jia C, Li M, Wang K, Chen J, Zhao J. Multiomics integration for the function of bacterial outer membrane vesicles in the larval settlement of marine sponges. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1268813. [PMID: 38468855 PMCID: PMC10925772 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1268813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) contain a variety of chemical compounds and play significant roles in maintaining symbiotic relationships in a changing ocean, but little is known about their function, particularly in sponge larval development. During the growth of sponge Tedania sp., OMVs from Bacteroidetes species significantly promoted larval settlement, and Tenacibaculum mesophilum SP-7-OMVs were selected as a representative strain for further investigation. According to OMVs metabolomics, larval settlement might be connected to organic acids and derivatives. The multiomics analysis of the T. mesophilum genome, SP-7-OMVs metabolome, and larval transcriptome revealed 47 shared KEGG pathways. Among the number of candidate metabolites, arginine was chosen for its greater ability to increase the settlement rate and its role as the principal substrate for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis of sponge larvae. In summary, these results demonstrated that sponge-associated bacteria might utilize OMVs and their cargo to support host development and make up for host metabolic pathway deficiencies. This study enhances our fundamental knowledge of OMVs in interactions between metazoan hosts and microorganisms that are crucial in the coevolution of marine ecosystems and the complex marine environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xaimen, Fujian, China
| | - Chenzheng Jia
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xaimen, Fujian, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xaimen, Fujian, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xaimen, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xaimen, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xaimen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration (USER), Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schmittmann L, Rahn T, Busch K, Fraune S, Pita L, Hentschel U. Stability of a dominant sponge-symbiont in spite of antibiotic-induced microbiome disturbance. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:6392-6410. [PMID: 36250983 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine sponges are known for their complex and stable microbiomes. However, the lack of a gnotobiotic sponge-model and experimental methods to manipulate both the host and the microbial symbionts currently limit our mechanistic understanding of sponge-microbial symbioses. We have used the North Atlantic sponge species Halichondria panicea to evaluate the use of antibiotics to generate gnotobiotic sponges. We further asked whether the microbiome can be reestablished via recolonization with the natural microbiome. Experiments were performed in marine gnotobiotic facilities equipped with a custom-made, sterile, flow-through aquarium system. Bacterial abundance dynamics were monitored qualitatively and quantitatively by 16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and qPCR, respectively. Antibiotics induced dysbiosis by favouring an increase of opportunistic, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, resulting in more complex, but less specific bacteria-bacteria interactions than in untreated sponges. The abundance of the dominant symbiont, Candidatus Halichondribacter symbioticus, remained overall unchanged, reflecting its obligately symbiotic nature. Recolonization with the natural microbiome could not reverse antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. However, single bacterial taxa that were transferred, successfully recolonized the sponge and affected bacteria-bacteria interactions. By experimentally manipulating microbiome composition, we could show the stability of a sponge-symbiont clade despite microbiome dysbiosis. This study contributes to understanding both host-bacteria and bacteria-bacteria interactions in the sponge holobiont.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Schmittmann
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Ecology, RU Marine Symbioses, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tanja Rahn
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Ecology, RU Marine Symbioses, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kathrin Busch
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Ecology, RU Marine Symbioses, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fraune
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Zoology and Organismic Interactions, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucía Pita
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Ecology, RU Marine Symbioses, Kiel, Germany.,Institut de Ciències del Mar - CSIC, Marine Biology and Oceanography, Marine Biogeochemistry, Atmosphere and Climate, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ute Hentschel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Ecology, RU Marine Symbioses, Kiel, Germany.,Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Díez-Vives C, Koutsouveli V, Conejero M, Riesgo A. Global patterns in symbiont selection and transmission strategies in sponges. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1015592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sponges host dense and diverse communities of microbes (known as the microbiome) beneficial for the host nutrition and defense. Symbionts in turn receive shelter and metabolites from the sponge host, making their relationship beneficial for both partners. Given that sponge-microbes associations are fundamental for the survival of both, especially the sponge, such relationship is maintained through their life and even passed on to the future generations. In many organisms, the microbiome has profound effects on the development of the host, but the influence of the microbiome on the reproductive and developmental pathways of the sponges are less understood. In sponges, microbes are passed on to oocytes, sperm, embryos, and larvae (known as vertical transmission), using a variety of methods that include direct uptake from the mesohyl through phagocytosis by oocytes to indirect transmission to the oocyte by nurse cells. Such microbes can remain in the reproductive elements untouched, for transfer to offspring, or can be digested to make the yolky nutrient reserves of oocytes and larvae. When and how those decisions are made are fundamentally unanswered questions in sponge reproduction. Here we review the diversity of vertical transmission modes existent in the entire phylum Porifera through detailed imaging using electron microscopy, available metabarcoding data from reproductive elements, and macroevolutionary patterns associated to phylogenetic constraints. Additionally, we examine the fidelity of this vertical transmission and possible reasons for the observed variability in some developmental stages. Our current understanding in marine sponges, however, is that the adult microbial community is established by a combination of both vertical and horizontal (acquisition from the surrounding environment in each new generation) transmission processes, although the extent in which each mode shapes the adult microbiome still remains to be determined. We also assessed the fundamental role of filtration, the cellular structures for acquiring external microbes, and the role of the host immune system, that ultimately shapes the stable communities of prokaryotes observed in adult sponges.
Collapse
|
5
|
Vad J, Duran Suja L, Summers S, Henry TB, Roberts JM. Marine Sponges in a Snowstorm – Extreme Sensitivity of a Sponge Holobiont to Marine Oil Snow and Chemically Dispersed Oil Pollution. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:909853. [PMID: 35910618 PMCID: PMC9335075 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.909853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Holobionts formed by a host organism and associated symbionts are key biological units in marine ecosystems where they are responsible for fundamental ecosystem services. Therefore, understanding anthropogenic impacts on holobionts is essential. Sponges (Phylum Porifera) are ideal holobiont models. They host a complex microbial community and provide ecosystem services including nutrient cycling. At bathyal depths, sponges can accumulate forming dense sponge ground habitats supporting biodiverse associated communities. However, the impacts of spilled oil and dispersants on sponge grounds cannot be understood without considering exposures mediated through sponge filtration of marine snow particles. To examine this, we exposed the model sponge Halichondria panicea to oil, dispersant and “marine oil snow” contaminated seawater and elucidate the complex molecular response of the holobiont through metatranscriptomics. While the host response included detoxification and immune response pathways, the bacterial symbiotic response differed and was at least partially the result of a change in the host environment rather than a direct response to hydrocarbon exposure. As the sponge host reduced its pumping activity and internal tissue oxygen levels declined, the symbionts changed their metabolism from aerobic to anaerobic pathways possibly via quorum sensing. Furthermore, we found evidence of hydrocarbon degradation by sponge symbionts, but sponge mortality (even when exposed to low concentrations of hydrocarbons) implied this may not provide the holobiont with sufficient resilience against contaminants. Given the continued proposed expansion of hydrocarbon production into deep continental shelf and slope settings where sponge grounds form significant habitats it is important that dispersant use is minimised and that environmental impact assessments carefully consider the vulnerability of sponge holobionts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Vad
- Changing Oceans Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Johanne Vad,
| | - Laura Duran Suja
- Changing Oceans Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Summers
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Theodore B. Henry
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, United Kingdom
| | - J. Murray Roberts
- Changing Oceans Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Silva SG, Paula P, da Silva JP, Mil-Homens D, Teixeira MC, Fialho AM, Costa R, Keller-Costa T. Insights into the Antimicrobial Activities and Metabolomes of Aquimarina ( Flavobacteriaceae, Bacteroidetes) Species from the Rare Marine Biosphere. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:423. [PMID: 35877716 PMCID: PMC9323603 DOI: 10.3390/md20070423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel natural products, the polyketide cuniculene and the peptide antibiotic aquimarin, were recently discovered from the marine bacterial genus Aquimarina. However, the diversity of the secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (SM-BGCs) in Aquimarina genomes indicates a far greater biosynthetic potential. In this study, nine representative Aquimarina strains were tested for antimicrobial activity against diverse human-pathogenic and marine microorganisms and subjected to metabolomic and genomic profiling. We found an inhibitory activity of most Aquimarina strains against Candida glabrata and marine Vibrio and Alphaproteobacteria species. Aquimarina sp. Aq135 and Aquimarina muelleri crude extracts showed particularly promising antimicrobial activities, amongst others against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The metabolomic and functional genomic profiles of Aquimarina spp. followed similar patterns and were shaped by phylogeny. SM-BGC and metabolomics networks suggest the presence of novel polyketides and peptides, including cyclic depsipeptide-related compounds. Moreover, exploration of the ‘Sponge Microbiome Project’ dataset revealed that Aquimarina spp. possess low-abundance distributions worldwide across multiple marine biotopes. Our study emphasizes the relevance of this member of the microbial rare biosphere as a promising source of novel natural products. We predict that future metabologenomics studies of Aquimarina species will expand the spectrum of known secondary metabolites and bioactivities from marine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Godinho Silva
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (P.P.); (D.M.-H.); (M.C.T.); (A.M.F.)
- Bioengeneering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Paula
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (P.P.); (D.M.-H.); (M.C.T.); (A.M.F.)
- Bioengeneering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Paulo da Silva
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Dalila Mil-Homens
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (P.P.); (D.M.-H.); (M.C.T.); (A.M.F.)
- Bioengeneering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Cacho Teixeira
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (P.P.); (D.M.-H.); (M.C.T.); (A.M.F.)
- Bioengeneering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Arsénio Mendes Fialho
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (P.P.); (D.M.-H.); (M.C.T.); (A.M.F.)
- Bioengeneering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Costa
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (P.P.); (D.M.-H.); (M.C.T.); (A.M.F.)
- Bioengeneering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Tina Keller-Costa
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (P.P.); (D.M.-H.); (M.C.T.); (A.M.F.)
- Bioengeneering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Amelia TSM, Suaberon FAC, Vad J, Fahmi ADM, Saludes JP, Bhubalan K. Recent Advances of Marine Sponge-Associated Microorganisms as a Source of Commercially Viable Natural Products. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:492-512. [PMID: 35567600 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many industrially significant compounds have been derived from natural products in the environment. Research efforts so far have contributed to the discovery of beneficial natural products that have improved the quality of life on Earth. As one of the sources of natural products, marine sponges have been progressively recognised as microbial hotspots with reports of the sponges harbouring diverse microbial assemblages, genetic material, and metabolites with multiple industrial applications. Therefore, this paper aims at reviewing the recent literature (primarily published between 2016 and 2022) on the types and functions of natural products synthesised by sponge-associated microorganisms, thereby helping to bridge the gap between research and industrial applications. The metabolites that have been derived from sponge-associated microorganisms, mostly bacteria, fungi, and algae, have shown application prospects especially in medicine, cosmeceutical, environmental protection, and manufacturing industries. Sponge bacteria-derived natural products with medical properties harboured anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral functions. Efforts in re-identifying the origin of known and future sponge-sourced natural products would further clarify the roles and significance of microbes within marine sponges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tan Suet May Amelia
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Ferr Angelus C Suaberon
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery & Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, 5000, Iloilo City, Philippines
| | - Johanne Vad
- Changing Oceans Research Group, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Afiq Durrani Mohd Fahmi
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Eco-Innovation Research Interest Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jonel P Saludes
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery & Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, 5000, Iloilo City, Philippines
- Department of Chemistry, University of San Agustin, 5000, Iloilo City, Philippines
- Department of Science and Technology, Balik Scientist Program, Philippine Council for Health Research & Development (PCHRD), Bicutan, 1631, Taguig, Philippines
| | - Kesaven Bhubalan
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
- Eco-Innovation Research Interest Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Carrier TJ, Maldonado M, Schmittmann L, Pita L, Bosch TCG, Hentschel U. Symbiont transmission in marine sponges: reproduction, development, and metamorphosis. BMC Biol 2022; 20:100. [PMID: 35524305 PMCID: PMC9077847 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) form symbioses with diverse microbial communities that can be transmitted between generations through their developmental stages. Here, we integrate embryology and microbiology to review how symbiotic microorganisms are transmitted in this early-diverging lineage. We describe that vertical transmission is widespread but not universal, that microbes are vertically transmitted during a select developmental window, and that properties of the developmental microbiome depends on whether a species is a high or low microbial abundance sponge. Reproduction, development, and symbiosis are thus deeply rooted, but why these partnerships form remains the central and elusive tenet of these developmental symbioses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Carrier
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany.
- Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Manuel Maldonado
- Department of Marine Ecology, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Girona, Spain
| | | | - Lucía Pita
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ute Hentschel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
- Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Happel L, Rondon R, Font A, González-Aravena M, Cárdenas CA. Stability of the Microbiome of the Sponge Mycale ( Oxymycale) acerata in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:827863. [PMID: 35444618 PMCID: PMC9014287 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.827863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The sponge microbiome, especially in Low Microbial Abundance (LMA) species, is expected to be influenced by the local environment; however, contrasting results exist with evidence showing that host specificity is also important, hence suggesting that the microbiome is influenced by host-specific and environmental factors. Despite sponges being important members of Southern Ocean benthic communities, their relationships with the microbial communities they host remain poorly studied. Here, we studied the spatial and temporal patterns of the microbiota associated with the ecologically important LMA sponge M. acerata at sites along ∼400 km of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) to assess patterns in the core and variable microbial components of the symbiont communities of this sponge species. The analyses of 31 samples revealed that the microbiome of M. acerata is composed of 35 prokaryotic phyla (3 Archaea, 31 Bacteria, and one unaffiliated), being mainly dominated by Proteobacteria with Gammaproteobacteria as the most dominant class. The core community was composed of six prokaryotic OTUs, with gammaproteobacterial OTU (EC94 Family), showing a mean abundance over 65% of the total abundance. Despite some differences in rare OTUs, the core community did not show clear patterns in diversity and abundance associated with specific sites/environmental conditions, confirming a low variability in community structure of this species along the WAP. The analysis at small scale (Doumer Island, Palmer Archipelago) showed no differences in space and time in the microbiome M. acerata collected at sites around the island, sampled in three consecutive years (2016-2018). Our results highlight the existence of a low spatial and temporal variability in the microbiome of M. acerata, supporting previous suggestions based on limited studies on this and other Antarctic sponges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Happel
- IMBRSea International Masters Program, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Rodolfo Rondon
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Alejandro Font
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | | | - César A. Cárdenas
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Taylor JA, Díez-Vives C, Nielsen S, Wemheuer B, Thomas T. Communality in microbial stress response and differential metabolic interactions revealed by time-series analysis of sponge symbionts. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2299-2314. [PMID: 35229422 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The diversity and function of sponge-associated symbionts is now increasingly understood, however, we lack an understanding on how they dynamically behave to ensure holobiont stability in the face of environmental variation. Here we performed a metatransciptomics analysis of three microbial symbionts of the sponge Cymbastela concentrica in situ over 14 months and through differential gene expression and correlation analysis to environmental variables uncovered differences that speak to their metabolic activities and level of symbiotic and environmental interactions. The nitrite-oxidising Ca. Porinitrospira cymbastela maintained a seemingly stable metabolism, with the few differentially expressed genes related only to stress responses. The heterotrophic Ca. Porivivens multivorans displayed differential use of holobiont-derived compounds and respiration modes, while the ammonium-oxidising archaeon Ca. Nitrosopumilus cymbastelus differentially expressed genes related to phosphate metabolism and symbiosis effectors. One striking similarity between the symbionts was their similar variation in expression of stress-related genes. Our timeseries study showed that the microbial community of C. concentrica undertakes dynamic gene expression adjustments in response to the surroundings, tuned to deal with general stress and metabolic interactions between holobiont members. The success of these dynamic adjustments likely underpins the stability of the sponge holobiont and may provide resilience against environmental change. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Taylor
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cristina Díez-Vives
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shaun Nielsen
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bernd Wemheuer
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li M, Wang K, Jia C, Liu T, Yang S, Ou H, Zhao J. Bacteroidetes bacteria, important players in the marine sponge larval development process. iScience 2021; 24:102662. [PMID: 34169238 PMCID: PMC8209267 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteroidetes bacteria are frequently found in association with sponges, but their roles in host development are poorly understood. In this study, thirteen bacterial species (12 genera) isolated from the sponge Tedania sp. revealed a common ability to significantly promote sponge larval settlement at rates 30.00-53.33% higher than controls (p < 0.05). Three effective strategies were adapted: (i) two strains formed biofilms enhancing the settlement rate to 56.67-63.33% within three days. (ii) Five strains secreted hydrosoluble molecules improving larval settlement, reaching 59.17%. (iii) Six species produced extracellular vesicles (EVs) that significantly improved settlement by up to 86.67% (p < 0.05). The EV fluorescence demonstrated that they migrated inside the sponge larvae from the planktonic to metamorphosis stage. Generally, marine sponges specifically enrich Bacteroidetes bacteria because of the important player in host development, establishing the basis for reciprocal adaptive co-evolution between the microbial community and animals, even including higher organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Li
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chenzheng Jia
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tan Liu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Huilong Ou
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration (USER), Xiamen University, Xiangan District, Zhoulongquan Building, Xiamen 361005, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schmittmann L, Franzenburg S, Pita L. Individuality in the Immune Repertoire and Induced Response of the Sponge Halichondria panicea. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689051. [PMID: 34220847 PMCID: PMC8242945 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The animal immune system mediates host-microbe interactions from the host perspective. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and the downstream signaling cascades they induce are a central part of animal innate immunity. These molecular immune mechanisms are still not fully understood, particularly in terms of baseline immunity vs induced specific responses regulated upon microbial signals. Early-divergent phyla like sponges (Porifera) can help to identify the evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of immune signaling. We characterized both the expressed immune gene repertoire and the induced response to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in Halichondria panicea, a promising model for sponge symbioses. We exposed sponges under controlled experimental conditions to bacterial LPS and performed RNA-seq on samples taken 1h and 6h after exposure. H. panicea possesses a diverse array of putative PRRs. While part of those PRRs was constitutively expressed in all analyzed sponges, the majority was expressed individual-specific and regardless of LPS treatment or timepoint. The induced immune response by LPS involved differential regulation of genes related to signaling and recognition, more specifically GTPases and post-translational regulation mechanisms like ubiquitination and phosphorylation. We have discovered individuality in both the immune receptor repertoire and the response to LPS, which may translate into holobiont fitness and susceptibility to stress. The three different layers of immune gene control observed in this study, - namely constitutive expression, individual-specific expression, and induced genes -, draw a complex picture of the innate immune gene regulation in H. panicea. Most likely this reflects synergistic interactions among the different components of immunity in their role to control and respond to a stable microbiome, seawater bacteria, and potential pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Schmittmann
- Research Unit Marine Symbioses, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sören Franzenburg
- Research Group Genetics&Bioinformatics/Systems Immunology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lucía Pita
- Research Unit Marine Symbioses, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Moreno-Pino M, Ugalde JA, Valdés JH, Rodríguez-Marconi S, Parada-Pozo G, Trefault N. Bacteria Isolated From the Antarctic Sponge Iophon sp. Reveals Mechanisms of Symbiosis in Sporosarcina, Cellulophaga, and Nesterenkonia. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:660779. [PMID: 34177840 PMCID: PMC8222686 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.660779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antarctic sponges harbor a diverse range of microorganisms that perform unique metabolic functions for nutrient cycles. Understanding how microorganisms establish functional sponge-microbe interactions in the Antarctic marine ecosystem provides clues about the success of these ancient animals in this realm. Here, we use a culture-dependent approach and genome sequencing to investigate the molecular determinants that promote a dual lifestyle in three bacterial genera Sporosarcina, Cellulophaga, and Nesterenkonia. Phylogenomic analyses showed that four sponge-associated isolates represent putative novel bacterial species within the Sporosarcina and Nesterenkonia genera and that the fifth bacterial isolate corresponds to Cellulophaga algicola. We inferred that isolated sponge-associated bacteria inhabit similarly marine sponges and also seawater. Comparative genomics revealed that these sponge-associated bacteria are enriched in symbiotic lifestyle-related genes. Specific adaptations related to the cold Antarctic environment are features of the bacterial strains isolated here. Furthermore, we showed evidence that the vitamin B5 synthesis-related gene, panE from Nesterenkonia E16_7 and E16_10, was laterally transferred within Actinobacteria members. Together, these findings indicate that the genomes of sponge-associated strains differ from other related genomes based on mechanisms that may contribute to the life in association with sponges and the extreme conditions of the Antarctic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Moreno-Pino
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan A. Ugalde
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge H. Valdés
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susana Rodríguez-Marconi
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Génesis Parada-Pozo
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Trefault
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Figueiredo C, Caetano M, Mil-Homens M, Tojeira I, Xavier JR, Rosa R, Raimundo J. Rare earth and trace elements in deep-sea sponges of the North Atlantic. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 166:112217. [PMID: 33735703 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The available data on trace elements (TE) of deep-sea organisms is scarce and nonexistent for rare earth elements (REE). Hence, this study characterizes REE and TE in five porifera genera (Jaspis, Geodia, Hamacantha, Leiodermatium, Poliopogon) collected in deep-sea areas (between 481 and 2656 m) of the North Atlantic. Aluminium was the most common TE while lead was the less abundant. These sponges showed an increased accumulation of TE compared with other probably influenced by volcanic activity. Poliopogon amadou sampled at the deepest location presented the highest concentration of all REE. All studied species exhibited a Light REE enrichment in comparison to Heavy REE and showed a negative Ce anomaly with a less conspicuous Eu depletion. Besides the establishment of a baseline for future comparisons, this study provides the first record of REE in a sessile deep-sea marine invertebrate group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Figueiredo
- Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal; Division of Oceanography and Marine Environment, IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Caetano
- Division of Oceanography and Marine Environment, IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research of the University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Mário Mil-Homens
- Division of Oceanography and Marine Environment, IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Inês Tojeira
- Task Group for the Extension of the Continental Shelf (EMEPC), R. Costa Pinto 165, 2770-047 Paço de Arcos, Portugal
| | - Joana R Xavier
- Task Group for the Extension of the Continental Shelf (EMEPC), R. Costa Pinto 165, 2770-047 Paço de Arcos, Portugal; University of Bergen, Department of Biological Sciences and KG Jebsen Centre for Deep-Sea Research, 5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rui Rosa
- Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- Division of Oceanography and Marine Environment, IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research of the University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Baum L, Nguyen MTHD, Jia Y, Biazik J, Thomas T. Characterization of a novel roseophage and the morphological and transcriptional response of the sponge symbiont Ruegeria AU67 to infection. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:2532-2549. [PMID: 33754443 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sponges have recently been recognized to contain complex communities of bacteriophages; however, little is known about how they interact with their bacterial hosts. Here, we isolated a novel phage, called Ruegeria phage Tedan, and characterized its impact on the bacterial sponge symbiont Ruegeria AU67 on a morphological and molecular level. Phage Tedan was structurally, genomically and phylogenetically characterized to be affiliated with the genus Xiamenvirus of the family Siphoviridae. Through microscopic observations and transcriptomic analysis, we show that phage Tedan upon infection induces a process leading to metabolic and morphological changes in its host. These changes would render Ruegeria AU67 better adapted to inhabit the sponge holobiont due to an improved utilization of ecologically relevant energy and carbon sources as well as a potential impediment of phagocytosis by the sponge through cellular enlargement. An increased survival or better growth of the bacterium in the sponge environment will likely benefit the phage reproduction. Our results point towards the possibility that phages from host-associated environments require, and have thus evolved, different strategies to interact with their host when compared to those phages from free-living or planktonic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Baum
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mary T H D Nguyen
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Yunke Jia
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Joanna Biazik
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hall C, Camilli S, Dwaah H, Kornegay B, Lacy C, Hill MS, Hill AL. Freshwater sponge hosts and their green algae symbionts: a tractable model to understand intracellular symbiosis. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10654. [PMID: 33614268 PMCID: PMC7882143 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In many freshwater habitats, green algae form intracellular symbioses with a variety of heterotrophic host taxa including several species of freshwater sponge. These sponges perform important ecological roles in their habitats, and the poriferan:green algae partnerships offers unique opportunities to study the evolutionary origins and ecological persistence of endosymbioses. We examined the association between Ephydatia muelleri and its chlorophyte partner to identify features of host cellular and genetic responses to the presence of intracellular algal partners. Chlorella-like green algal symbionts were isolated from field-collected adult E. muelleri tissue harboring algae. The sponge-derived algae were successfully cultured and subsequently used to reinfect aposymbiotic E. muelleri tissue. We used confocal microscopy to follow the fate of the sponge-derived algae after inoculating algae-free E. muelleri grown from gemmules to show temporal patterns of symbiont location within host tissue. We also infected aposymbiotic E. muelleri with sponge-derived algae, and performed RNASeq to study differential expression patterns in the host relative to symbiotic states. We compare and contrast our findings with work in other systems (e.g., endosymbiotic Hydra) to explore possible conserved evolutionary pathways that may lead to stable mutualistic endosymbioses. Our work demonstrates that freshwater sponges offer many tractable qualities to study features of intracellular occupancy and thus meet criteria desired for a model system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Hall
- Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, United States of America.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sara Camilli
- Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, United States of America.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - Henry Dwaah
- Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Kornegay
- Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Christie Lacy
- Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Malcolm S Hill
- Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, United States of America.,Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, United States of America
| | - April L Hill
- Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, United States of America.,Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Baedke J, Fábregas‐Tejeda A, Nieves Delgado A. The holobiont concept before Margulis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2020; 334:149-155. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Baedke
- Department of Philosophy IRuhr University BochumBochum Germany
- Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary ResearchFriedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJena Germany
| | - Alejandro Fábregas‐Tejeda
- Department of Philosophy IRuhr University BochumBochum Germany
- Institute of BiologyNational Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Circuito Exterior Ciudad Universitaria S/N Mexico City Mexico
| | - Abigail Nieves Delgado
- Department of Philosophy IRuhr University BochumBochum Germany
- Centre for Anthropological Knowledge in Scientific and Technological Cultures (CAST)Ruhr University BochumBochum Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Williams LM, Inge MM, Mansfield KM, Rasmussen A, Afghani J, Agrba M, Albert C, Andersson C, Babaei M, Babaei M, Bagdasaryants A, Bonilla A, Browne A, Carpenter S, Chen T, Christie B, Cyr A, Dam K, Dulock N, Erdene G, Esau L, Esonwune S, Hanchate A, Huang X, Jennings T, Kasabwala A, Kehoe L, Kobayashi R, Lee M, LeVan A, Liu Y, Murphy E, Nambiar A, Olive M, Patel D, Pavesi F, Petty CA, Samofalova Y, Sanchez S, Stejskal C, Tang Y, Yapo A, Cleary JP, Yunes SA, Siggers T, Gilmore TD. Transcription factor NF-κB in a basal metazoan, the sponge, has conserved and unique sequences, activities, and regulation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:103559. [PMID: 31751628 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we characterize transcription factor NF-κB from the demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica (Aq). Aq-NF-κB is most similar to NF-κB p100/p105 among vertebrate proteins, with an N-terminal DNA-binding domain, a C-terminal Ankyrin (ANK) repeat domain, and a DNA binding-site profile akin to human NF-κB proteins. Like mammalian NF-κB p100, C-terminal truncation allows nuclear translocation of Aq-NF-κB and increases its transcriptional activation activity. Expression of IκB kinases (IKKs) induces proteasome-dependent C-terminal processing of Aq-NF-κB in human cells, and processing requires C-terminal serines in Aq-NF-κB. Unlike NF-κB p100, C-terminal sequences of Aq-NF-κB do not inhibit its DNA-binding activity. Tissue of a black encrusting demosponge contains NF-κB site DNA-binding activity, as well as nuclear and processed NF-κB. Treatment of sponge tissue with LPS increases both DNA-binding activity and processing of NF-κB. A. queenslandica transcriptomes contain homologs to upstream NF-κB pathway components. This is first functional characterization of NF-κB in sponge, the most basal multicellular animal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah M Williams
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Melissa M Inge
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | | | - Anna Rasmussen
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jamie Afghani
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mikhail Agrba
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Colleen Albert
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Cecilia Andersson
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Milad Babaei
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mohammad Babaei
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Abigail Bagdasaryants
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Arianna Bonilla
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Amanda Browne
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sheldon Carpenter
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Tiffany Chen
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Blake Christie
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Andrew Cyr
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Katie Dam
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Nicholas Dulock
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Galbadrakh Erdene
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lindsie Esau
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Stephanie Esonwune
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Anvita Hanchate
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xinli Huang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Timothy Jennings
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Aarti Kasabwala
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Leanne Kehoe
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ryan Kobayashi
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Migi Lee
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Andre LeVan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yuekun Liu
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Emily Murphy
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Avanti Nambiar
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Meagan Olive
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Devansh Patel
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Flaminio Pavesi
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Christopher A Petty
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yelena Samofalova
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Selma Sanchez
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Camilla Stejskal
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yinian Tang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Alia Yapo
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - John P Cleary
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sarah A Yunes
- Molecular Biology Laboratory (BB522), Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Trevor Siggers
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Thomas D Gilmore
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Moreno-Pino M, Cristi A, Gillooly JF, Trefault N. Characterizing the microbiomes of Antarctic sponges: a functional metagenomic approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:645. [PMID: 31959785 PMCID: PMC6971038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Relatively little is known about the role of sponge microbiomes in the Antarctic marine environment, where sponges may dominate the benthic landscape. Specifically, we understand little about how taxonomic and functional diversity contributes to the symbiotic lifestyle and aids in nutrient cycling. Here we use functional metagenomics to investigate the community composition and metabolic potential of microbiomes from two abundant Antarctic sponges, Leucetta antarctica and Myxilla sp. Genomic and taxonomic analyses show that both sponges harbor a distinct microbial community with high fungal abundance, which differs from the surrounding seawater. Functional analyses reveal both sponge-associated microbial communities are enriched in functions related to the symbiotic lifestyle (e.g., CRISPR system, Eukaryotic-like proteins, and transposases), and in functions important for nutrient cycling. Both sponge microbiomes possessed genes necessary to perform processes important to nitrogen cycling (i.e., ammonia oxidation, nitrite oxidation, and denitrification), and carbon fixation. The latter indicates that Antarctic sponge microorganisms prefer light-independent pathways for CO2 fixation mediated by chemoautotrophic microorganisms. Together, these results show how the unique metabolic potential of two Antarctic sponge microbiomes help these sponge holobionts survive in these inhospitable environments, and contribute to major nutrient cycles of these ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Moreno-Pino
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, 8580745, Chile
| | - Antonia Cristi
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, 8580745, Chile
| | - James F Gillooly
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Nicole Trefault
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, 8580745, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang L, Ding L, Li X, Wang N, Cui W, Wang X, Naman CB, Lazaro JEH, Yan X, He S. New Dihydroisocoumarin Root Growth Inhibitors From the Sponge-Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp. NBUF87. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2846. [PMID: 31921029 PMCID: PMC6914834 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Six new dihydroisocoumarins, aspergimarins A-F (1-6), were discovered together with five known analogs (7-11) from a monoculture of the sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. NBUF87. The structures of these compounds were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic methods, and absolute configurations were assigned after X-ray crystallography, use of the modified Mosher's method, and comparison of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data with literature values for previously reported analogs. Compounds 1-11 were evaluated in a variety of bioassays, and at 100 μM, both 1 and 5 showed significant inhibitory effects on the lateral root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 (Col-0). Moreover, at 100 μM, 5 also possessed notable inhibition against the primary root growth of Col-0. Meanwhile, 1-11 were all found to be inactive in vitro against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (IC50 > 100 μM), four different types of human-derived cancer cell lines (IC50 > 50 μM), as well as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (MIC > 50 μg/mL), and Plasmodium falciparum W2 (EC50 > 100 μg/mL), in phenotypic tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Huang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lijian Ding
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - C. Benjamin Naman
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - J. Enrico H. Lazaro
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon, Philippines
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Knobloch S, Jóhannsson R, Marteinsson VÞ. Genome analysis of sponge symbiont 'Candidatus Halichondribacter symbioticus' shows genomic adaptation to a host-dependent lifestyle. Environ Microbiol 2019; 22:483-498. [PMID: 31747724 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The marine sponge Halichondria panicea inhabits coastal areas around the globe and is a widely studied sponge species in terms of its biology, yet the ecological functions of its dominant bacterial symbiont 'Candidatus Halichondribacter symbioticus' remain unknown. Here, we present the draft genome of 'Ca. H. symbioticus' HS1 (2.8 Mbp, ca. 87.6% genome coverage) recovered from the sponge metagenome of H. panicea in order to study functions and symbiotic interactions at the genome level. Functional genome comparison of HS1 against closely related free-living seawater bacteria revealed a reduction of genes associated with carbohydrate transport and transcription regulation, pointing towards a limited carbohydrate metabolism, and static transcriptional dynamics reminiscent of other bacterial symbionts. In addition, HS1 was enriched in sponge symbiont specific gene families related to host-symbiont interactions and defence. Similarity in the functional gene repertoire between HS1 and a phylogenetically more distant symbiont in the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba, based on COG category distribution, suggest a convergent evolution of symbiont specific traits and general metabolic features. This warrants further investigation into convergent genomic evolution of symbionts across different sponge species and habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Knobloch
- Microbiology Group, Department of Research and Innovation, Matís ohf, 113, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Ragnar Jóhannsson
- Marine and Freshwater Research Institute, Hafrannsóknastofnun, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Viggó Þór Marteinsson
- Microbiology Group, Department of Research and Innovation, Matís ohf, 113, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Griffiths SM, Antwis RE, Lenzi L, Lucaci A, Behringer DC, Butler MJ, Preziosi RF. Host genetics and geography influence microbiome composition in the sponge Ircinia campana. J Anim Ecol 2019; 88:1684-1695. [PMID: 31325164 PMCID: PMC6899969 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Marine sponges are hosts to large, diverse communities of microorganisms. These microbiomes are distinct among sponge species and from seawater bacterial communities, indicating a key role of host identity in shaping its resident microbial community. However, the factors governing intraspecific microbiome variability are underexplored and may shed light on the evolutionary and ecological relationships between host and microbiome. Here, we examined the influence of genetic variation and geographic location on the composition of the Ircinia campana microbiome. We developed new microsatellite markers to genotype I. campana from two locations in the Florida Keys, USA, and characterized their microbiomes using V4 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. We show that microbial community composition and diversity is influenced by host genotype, with more genetically similar sponges hosting more similar microbial communities. We also found that although I. campana was not genetically differentiated between sites, microbiome composition differed by location. Our results demonstrate that both host genetics and geography influence the composition of the sponge microbiome. Host genotypic influence on microbiome composition may be due to stable vertical transmission of the microbial community from parent to offspring, making microbiomes more similar by descent. Alternatively, sponge genotypic variation may reflect variation in functional traits that influence the acquisition of environmental microbes. This study reveals drivers of microbiome variation within and among locations, and shows the importance of intraspecific variability in mediating eco-evolutionary dynamics of host-associated microbiomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Griffiths
- Ecology and Environment Research CentreManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Rachael E. Antwis
- School of Environment and Life SciencesUniversity of SalfordSalfordUK
| | - Luca Lenzi
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Anita Lucaci
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Donald C. Behringer
- Fisheries and Aquatic SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Emerging Pathogens InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Mark J. Butler
- Department of Biological SciencesOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVAUSA
| | - Richard F. Preziosi
- Ecology and Environment Research CentreManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jahn MT, Arkhipova K, Markert SM, Stigloher C, Lachnit T, Pita L, Kupczok A, Ribes M, Stengel ST, Rosenstiel P, Dutilh BE, Hentschel U. A Phage Protein Aids Bacterial Symbionts in Eukaryote Immune Evasion. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 26:542-550.e5. [PMID: 31561965 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phages are increasingly recognized as important members of host-associated microbiomes, with a vast genomic diversity. The new frontier is to understand how phages may affect higher order processes, such as in the context of host-microbe interactions. Here, we use marine sponges as a model to investigate the interplay between phages, bacterial symbionts, and eukaryotic hosts. Using viral metagenomics, we find that sponges, although massively filtering seawater, harbor species-specific and even individually unique viral signatures that are taxonomically distinct from other environments. We further discover a symbiont phage-encoded ankyrin-domain-containing protein, which is widely spread in phages of many host-associated contexts including human. We confirm in macrophage infection assays that the ankyrin protein (ANKp) modulates the eukaryotic host immune response against bacteria. We predict that the role of ANKp in nature is to facilitate coexistence in the tripartite interplay between phages, symbionts, and sponges and possibly many other host-microbe associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin T Jahn
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Marine Symbioses, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ksenia Arkhipova
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastian M Markert
- Imaging Core Facility, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Stigloher
- Imaging Core Facility, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tim Lachnit
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lucia Pita
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Marine Symbioses, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anne Kupczok
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marta Ribes
- Institut de Ciències del Mar-CSIC, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephanie T Stengel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Bas E Dutilh
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ute Hentschel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Marine Symbioses, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Belikov S, Belkova N, Butina T, Chernogor L, Martynova-Van Kley A, Nalian A, Rorex C, Khanaev I, Maikova O, Feranchuk S. Diversity and shifts of the bacterial community associated with Baikal sponge mass mortalities. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213926. [PMID: 30921366 PMCID: PMC6438488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The disease of freshwater sponges was first discovered in 2011, when pink samples were found in the Central Basin of Lake Baikal. Subsequently, the visible signs of the disease have changed, and now sponges appear with various symptoms of damage to the body, such as discoloration, tissue necrosis, the formation of brown patches and dirty-purple biofilms on some branches. These signs of the disease are accompanied by the mass death of sponges. We identified differences in microbiomes by sequencing 16S rRNA genes and found changes in the consortium of microorganisms of freshwater Baikal sponges. We found that the observed imbalance in the studied microbial communities of diseased sponges is caused by several different conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that increase their negative effect by acting together and in concert, which leads to the death of photosynthetic microalgae and sponges. Sponges are an important component of coastal communities, and the massive loss of sponges can obviously affect the structure of benthic communities and the purity of water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Belikov
- Laboratory of Analytical Bioorganic Chemistry, Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Natalia Belkova
- Laboratory of Analytical Bioorganic Chemistry, Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana Butina
- Laboratory of Analytical Bioorganic Chemistry, Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Lubov Chernogor
- Laboratory of Analytical Bioorganic Chemistry, Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | | | - Armen Nalian
- Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, Texas, United States of America
| | - Colin Rorex
- Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, Texas, United States of America
| | - Igor Khanaev
- Laboratory of Analytical Bioorganic Chemistry, Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Olga Maikova
- Laboratory of Analytical Bioorganic Chemistry, Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Feranchuk
- Laboratory of Analytical Bioorganic Chemistry, Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
- Department of Informatics, National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Amend A, Burgaud G, Cunliffe M, Edgcomb VP, Ettinger CL, Gutiérrez MH, Heitman J, Hom EFY, Ianiri G, Jones AC, Kagami M, Picard KT, Quandt CA, Raghukumar S, Riquelme M, Stajich J, Vargas-Muñiz J, Walker AK, Yarden O, Gladfelter AS. Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems. mBio 2019; 10:e01189-18. [PMID: 30837337 PMCID: PMC6401481 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01189-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial fungi play critical roles in nutrient cycling and food webs and can shape macroorganism communities as parasites and mutualists. Although estimates for the number of fungal species on the planet range from 1.5 to over 5 million, likely fewer than 10% of fungi have been identified so far. To date, a relatively small percentage of described species are associated with marine environments, with ∼1,100 species retrieved exclusively from the marine environment. Nevertheless, fungi have been found in nearly every marine habitat explored, from the surface of the ocean to kilometers below ocean sediments. Fungi are hypothesized to contribute to phytoplankton population cycles and the biological carbon pump and are active in the chemistry of marine sediments. Many fungi have been identified as commensals or pathogens of marine animals (e.g., corals and sponges), plants, and algae. Despite their varied roles, remarkably little is known about the diversity of this major branch of eukaryotic life in marine ecosystems or their ecological functions. This perspective emerges from a Marine Fungi Workshop held in May 2018 at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA. We present the state of knowledge as well as the multitude of open questions regarding the diversity and function of fungi in the marine biosphere and geochemical cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Amend
- Department of Botany, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Gaetan Burgaud
- Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Michael Cunliffe
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Virginia P Edgcomb
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - M H Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Oceanografía, Centro de Investigación Oceanográfica COPAS Sur-Austral, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Joseph Heitman
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erik F Y Hom
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Giuseppe Ianiri
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Adam C Jones
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Maiko Kagami
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kathryn T Picard
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Alisha Quandt
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Mertixell Riquelme
- Department of Microbiology, Centro de Investigación Científica y Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Jason Stajich
- Department of Microbiology & Plant Pathology and Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - José Vargas-Muñiz
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allison K Walker
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Oded Yarden
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amy S Gladfelter
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pita L, Hoeppner MP, Ribes M, Hentschel U. Differential expression of immune receptors in two marine sponges upon exposure to microbial-associated molecular patterns. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16081. [PMID: 30382170 PMCID: PMC6208332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system helps animals to navigate the microbial world. The response to microbes relies on the specific recognition of microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by immune receptors. Sponges (phylum Porifera), as early-diverging animals, provide insights into conserved mechanisms for animal-microbe crosstalk. However, experimental data is limited. We adopted an experimental approach followed by RNA-Seq and differential gene expression analysis in order to characterise the sponge immune response. Two Mediterranean species, Aplysina aerophoba and Dysidea avara, were exposed to a “cocktail” of MAMPs (lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan) or to sterile artificial seawater (control) and sampled 1 h, 3 h, and 5 h post-treatment for RNA-Seq. The response involved, first and foremost, a higher number of differentially-expressed genes in A. aerophoba than D. avara. Secondly, while both species constitutively express a diverse repertoire of immune receptors, they differed in their expression profiles upon MAMP challenge. The response in D. avara was mediated by increased expression of two NLR genes, whereas the response in A. aerophoba involved SRCR and GPCR genes. From the set of annotated genes we infer that both species activated apoptosis in response to MAMPs while in A. aerophoba phagocytosis was additionally stimulated. Our study assessed for the first time the transcriptomic responses of sponges to MAMPs and revealed conserved and species-specific features of poriferan immunity as well as genes potentially relevant to animal-microbe interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Pita
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Marc P Hoeppner
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marta Ribes
- Institute of Marine Science, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ute Hentschel
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Establishment of Transgenesis in the Demosponge Suberites domuncula. Genetics 2018; 210:435-443. [PMID: 30143594 PMCID: PMC6216596 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.118.301121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sponges (Porifera) represent one of the most basally branching animal clades with key relevance for evolutionary studies, stem cell biology, and development. Despite a long history of sponges as experimental model systems, however, functional molecular studies are still very difficult to perform in these animals. Here, we report the establishment of transgenic technology as a basic and versatile experimental tool for sponge research. We demonstrate that slice explants of the demosponge Suberites domuncula regenerate functional sponge tissue and can be cultured for extended periods of time, providing easy experimental access under controlled conditions. We further show that an engineered expression construct driving the enhanced green fluorescence protein (egfp) gene under control of the Suberites domuncula β-actin locus can be transfected into such tissue cultures, and that faithfully spliced transcripts are produced from such transfected DNA. Finally, by combining fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) with quantitative PCR, we validate that transfected cells can be specifically reisolated from tissue based on their fluorescence. Although the number of detected enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing cells is still limited, our approach represents the first successful introduction and expression of exogenous DNA in a sponge. These results represent a significant advance for the use of transgenic technology in a cornerstone phylum, for instance for the use in lineage tracing experiments.
Collapse
|
28
|
Chaib De Mares M, Jiménez DJ, Palladino G, Gutleben J, Lebrun LA, Muller EEL, Wilmes P, Sipkema D, van Elsas JD. Expressed protein profile of a Tectomicrobium and other microbial symbionts in the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba as evidenced by metaproteomics. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11795. [PMID: 30087358 PMCID: PMC6081418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aplysina aerophoba is an emerging model marine sponge, with a well-characterized microbial community in terms of diversity and structure. However, little is known about the expressed functional capabilities of its associated microbes. Here, we present the first metaproteomics-based study of the microbiome of A. aerophoba. We found that transport and degradation of halogenated and chloroaromatic compounds are common active processes in the sponge microbiomes. Our data further reveal that the highest number of proteins were affiliated to a sponge-associated Tectomicrobium, presumably from the family Entotheonellaceae, as well as to the well-known symbiont "Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarium", suggesting a high metabolic activity of these two microorganisms in situ. Evidence for nitric oxide (NO) conversion to nitrous oxide was consistently observed for Tectomicrobia across replicates, by production of the NorQ protein. Moreover, we found a potential energy-yielding pathway through CO oxidation by putative Chloroflexi bacteria. Finally, we observed expression of enzymes that may be involved in the transformation of chitin, glycoproteins, glycolipids and glucans into smaller molecules, consistent with glycosyl hydrolases predicted from analyses of the genomes of Poribacteria sponge symbionts. Thus, this study provides crucial links between expressed proteins and specific members of the A. aerophoba microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Chaib De Mares
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Diego Javier Jiménez
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Giorgia Palladino
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Gutleben
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura A Lebrun
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Emilie E L Muller
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Microbiology, Genomics and the Environment, UMR 7156 UNISTRA - CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paul Wilmes
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Detmer Sipkema
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Dirk van Elsas
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Díez-Vives C, Esteves AIS, Costa R, Nielsen S, Thomas T. Detecting signatures of a sponge-associated lifestyle in bacterial genomes. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 10:433-443. [PMID: 29707906 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sponges interact with diverse and rich communities of bacteria that are phylogenetically often distinct from their free-living counterparts. Recent genomics and metagenomic studies have indicated that bacterial sponge symbionts also have distinct functional features from free-living bacteria; however, it is unclear, if such genome-derived functional signatures are common and present in different symbiont taxa. We therefore compared here a large set of genomes from cultured (Pseudovibrio, Ruegeria and Aquimarina) and yet-uncultivated (Synechococcus) bacteria found in either sponge-associated or free-living sources. Our analysis revealed only very few genera-specific functions that could be correlated with a sponge-associated lifestyle. Using different sets of sponge-associated and free-living bacteria for each genus, we could however show that the functions identified as 'sponge-associated' are dependent on the reference comparison being made. Using simulation approaches, we show how this influences the robustness of identifying functional signatures and how evolutionary divergence and genomic adaptation can be distinguished. Our results highlight the future need for robust comparative analyses to define genomic signatures of symbiotic lifestyles, whether it is for symbionts of sponges or other host organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Díez-Vives
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ana I S Esteves
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Costa
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (IBB), IST, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Shaun Nielsen
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Melo Clavijo J, Donath A, Serôdio J, Christa G. Polymorphic adaptations in metazoans to establish and maintain photosymbioses. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:2006-2020. [PMID: 29808579 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutualistic symbioses are common throughout the animal kingdom. Rather unusual is a form of symbiosis, photosymbiosis, where animals are symbiotic with photoautotrophic organisms. Photosymbiosis is found among sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, molluscs, ascidians and even some amphibians. Generally the animal host harbours a phototrophic partner, usually a cyanobacteria or a unicellular alga. An exception to this rule is found in some sea slugs, which only retain the chloroplasts of the algal food source and maintain them photosynthetically active in their own cytosol - a phenomenon called 'functional kleptoplasty'. Research has focused largely on the biodiversity of photosymbiotic species across a range of taxa. However, many questions with regard to the evolution of the ability to establish and maintain a photosymbiosis are still unanswered. To date, attempts to understand genome adaptations which could potentially lead to the evolution of photosymbioses have only been performed in cnidarians. This knowledge gap for other systems is mainly due to a lack of genetic information, both for non-symbiotic and symbiotic species. Considering non-photosymbiotic species is, however, important to understand the factors that make symbiotic species so unique. Herein we provide an overview of the diversity of photosymbioses across the animal kingdom and discuss potential scenarios for the evolution of this association in different lineages. We stress that the evolution of photosymbiosis is probably based on genome adaptations, which (i) lead to recognition of the symbiont to establish the symbiosis, and (ii) are needed to maintain the symbiosis. We hope to stimulate research involving sequencing the genomes of various key taxa to increase the genomic resources needed to understand the most fundamental question: how have animals evolved the ability to establish and maintain a photosymbiosis?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Melo Clavijo
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research (zmb), Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, Bonn, 53113, Germany
| | - Alexander Donath
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research (zmb), Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, Bonn, 53113, Germany
| | - João Serôdio
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-192, Portugal
| | - Gregor Christa
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research (zmb), Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, Bonn, 53113, Germany.,Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-192, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Metaorganisms in extreme environments: do microbes play a role in organismal adaptation? ZOOLOGY 2018; 127:1-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
32
|
Pita L, Rix L, Slaby BM, Franke A, Hentschel U. The sponge holobiont in a changing ocean: from microbes to ecosystems. MICROBIOME 2018; 6:46. [PMID: 29523192 PMCID: PMC5845141 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The recognition that all macroorganisms live in symbiotic association with microbial communities has opened up a new field in biology. Animals, plants, and algae are now considered holobionts, complex ecosystems consisting of the host, the microbiota, and the interactions among them. Accordingly, ecological concepts can be applied to understand the host-derived and microbial processes that govern the dynamics of the interactive networks within the holobiont. In marine systems, holobionts are further integrated into larger and more complex communities and ecosystems, a concept referred to as "nested ecosystems." In this review, we discuss the concept of holobionts as dynamic ecosystems that interact at multiple scales and respond to environmental change. We focus on the symbiosis of sponges with their microbial communities-a symbiosis that has resulted in one of the most diverse and complex holobionts in the marine environment. In recent years, the field of sponge microbiology has remarkably advanced in terms of curated databases, standardized protocols, and information on the functions of the microbiota. Like a Russian doll, these microbial processes are translated into sponge holobiont functions that impact the surrounding ecosystem. For example, the sponge-associated microbial metabolisms, fueled by the high filtering capacity of the sponge host, substantially affect the biogeochemical cycling of key nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous. Since sponge holobionts are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic stressors that jeopardize the stability of the holobiont ecosystem, we discuss the link between environmental perturbations, dysbiosis, and sponge diseases. Experimental studies suggest that the microbial community composition is tightly linked to holobiont health, but whether dysbiosis is a cause or a consequence of holobiont collapse remains unresolved. Moreover, the potential role of the microbiome in mediating the capacity for holobionts to acclimate and adapt to environmental change is unknown. Future studies should aim to identify the mechanisms underlying holobiont dynamics at multiple scales, from the microbiome to the ecosystem, and develop management strategies to preserve the key functions provided by the sponge holobiont in our present and future oceans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Pita
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - L. Rix
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - B. M. Slaby
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - A. Franke
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - U. Hentschel
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
BluePharmTrain: Biology and Biotechnology of Marine Sponges. GRAND CHALLENGES IN MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69075-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
34
|
Dal Grande F, Rolshausen G, Divakar PK, Crespo A, Otte J, Schleuning M, Schmitt I. Environment and host identity structure communities of green algal symbionts in lichens. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:277-289. [PMID: 28892165 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of how biotic interactions shape species' distributions is central to predicting host-symbiont responses under climate change. Switches to locally adapted algae have been proposed to be an adaptive strategy of lichen-forming fungi to cope with environmental change. However, it is unclear how lichen photobionts respond to environmental gradients, and whether they play a role in determining the fungal host's upper and lower elevational limits. Deep-coverage Illumina DNA metabarcoding was used to track changes in the community composition of Trebouxia algae associated with two phylogenetically closely related, but ecologically divergent fungal hosts along a steep altitudinal gradient in the Mediterranean region. We detected the presence of multiple Trebouxia species in the majority of thalli. Both altitude and host genetic identity were strong predictors of photobiont community assembly in these two species. The predominantly clonally dispersing fungus showed stronger altitudinal structuring of photobiont communities than the sexually reproducing host. Elevation ranges of the host were not limited by the lack of compatible photobionts. Our study sheds light on the processes guiding the formation and distribution of specific fungal-algal combinations in the lichen symbiosis. The effect of environmental filtering acting on both symbiotic partners appears to shape the distribution of lichens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Dal Grande
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
| | - Gregor Rolshausen
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
| | - Pradeep K Divakar
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Ana Crespo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Jürgen Otte
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
| | - Matthias Schleuning
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
| | - Imke Schmitt
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
- Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|