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Jiang W, Dai L, Tan X, Zhou X, Xu Y. Screening of Gluconobacter oxydans in xylonic acid fermentation for tolerance of the inhibitors formed dilute acid pretreatment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:589-597. [PMID: 36670301 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02845-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pre-hydrolysate liquor, as an inevitable by-product, contains a large amount of xylose, and is therefore an inexpensive feedstock that can be upgraded to value-added chemical xylonic acid. However, inhibitors, simultaneously formed in lignocellulose pretreatment process, are regarded as the major obstacle for effectively bio-converting xylose in pre-hydrolysate into xylonic acid. In this study, Gluconobacter oxydans, with highly selective and efficient, was employed for xylonic acid production; the impacts of five typical toxic inhibitory compounds on xylonic acid productivity and the activity of the membrane-bound dehydrogenase were evaluated. The results revealed that the inhibitors showed different degrees of influence toward xylonic acid production, and the order of inhibitory effect for acidic inhibitors was formic acid > acetic acid > levulinic acid; the inhibitory effect of aldehyde inhibitors was furfural > 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural. This study provides an important basis of metabolic modification and detoxification process for enhancing inhibitor tolerance and xylonic acid productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Dai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tan
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 24100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
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New perspectives into Gluconobacter-catalysed biotransformations. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108127. [PMID: 36924811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Different from other aerobic microorganisms that oxidise carbon sources to water and carbon dioxide, Gluconobacter catalyses the incomplete oxidation of various substrates with regio- and stereoselectivity. This ability, as well as its capacity to release the resulting products into the reaction media, place Gluconobacter as a privileged member of a non-model microorganism class that may boost industrial biotechnology. Knowledge of new technologies applied to Gluconobacter has been piling up in recent years. Advancements in its genetic modification, application of immobilisation tools and careful designs of the transformations, have improved productivities and stabilities of Gluconobacter strains or enabled new bioconversions for the production of valuable marketable chemicals. In this work, the latest advancements applied to Gluconobacter-catalysed biotransformations are summarised with a special focus on recent available tools to improve them. From genetic and metabolic engineering to bioreactor design, the most recent works on the topic are analysed in depth to provide a comprehensive resource not only for scientists and technologists working on/with Gluconobacter, but for the general biotechnologist.
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Low pH Stress Enhances Gluconic Acid Accumulation with Enzymatic Hydrolysate as Feedstock Using Gluconobacter oxydans. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Gluconic acid has been increasingly in demand in recent years due to the wide applications in the food, healthcare and construction industries. Plant-derived biomass is rich in biopolymers that comprise glucose as the monomeric unit, which provide abundant feedstock for gluconic acid production. Gluconobacter oxydans can rapidly and incompletely oxidize glucose to gluconic acid and it is regarded as ideal industrial microorganism. Once glucose is depleted, the gluconic acid will be further bio-oxidized to 2-ketogluconic acid by Gluconobacter oxydans. The endpoint is difficult to be controlled, especially in an industrial fermentation process. In this study, it was found that the low pH environment (2.5~3.5) could limit the further metabolism of gluconic acid and that it resulted in a yield over 95%. Therefore, the low pH stress strategy for efficiently producing gluconic acid from biomass-derived glucose was put forward and investigated with enzymatic hydrolysate. As a result, 98.8 g/L gluconic acid with a yield of 96% could be obtained from concentrated corncob enzymatic hydrolysate that initially contained 100 g/L glucose with 1.4 g/L cells loading of Gluconobacter oxydans. In addition, the low pH stress strategy could effectively control end-point and decrease the risk of microbial contamination. Overall, this strategy provides a potential for industrial gluconic acid production from lignocellulosic materials.
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Zhu Z, Huang R, Yao S, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Zhou X, Jiang K. An integrated process for co-producing fermentable sugars and xylonate from sugarcane bagasse based on xylonic acid assisted pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128464. [PMID: 36509308 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a renewable organic acid (xylonic acid), which can be prepared by the biooxidation of xylose, is used for pretreating sugarcane bagasse. The effects of reaction temperature and time on the release of fermentable xylose and glucose were investigated. On the basis of guaranteeing the good enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and minimizing the effects of inhibitors, the pretreatment with 1 % xylnoic acid at 190 °C for 30 min was selected after optimization. In this case, 70 % xylose was released, while enzymatic hydrolysis yield was also up to 86.5 %. Meanwhile, the pretreated hydrolysate liquor was proved that it could be used for producing xylonate by biooxidation of Gluconobacter oxydans. Finally, the sequential process of the xylonic acid pretreatment and saccharification also clear the path for recycling the lignin as value-added bioproducts. Overall, this study presents a green-like strategy for fully exploiting sugarcane bagasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Shuangquan Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yiruo Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qibo Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kankan Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Battling S, Engel T, Herweg E, Niehoff PJ, Pesch M, Scholand T, Schöpping M, Sonntag N, Büchs J. Highly efficient fermentation of 5-keto-D-fructose with Gluconobacter oxydans at different scales. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:255. [PMID: 36496372 PMCID: PMC9741787 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global market for sweeteners is increasing, and the food industry is constantly looking for new low-caloric sweeteners. The natural sweetener 5-keto-D-fructose is one such candidate. 5-Keto-D-fructose has a similar sweet taste quality as fructose. Developing a highly efficient 5-keto-D-fructose production process is key to being competitive with established sweeteners. Hence, the 5-keto-D-fructose production process was optimised regarding titre, yield, and productivity. RESULTS For production of 5-keto-D-fructose with G. oxydans 621H ΔhsdR pBBR1-p264-fdhSCL-ST an extended-batch fermentation was conducted. During fructose feeding, a decreasing respiratory activity occurred, despite sufficient carbon supply. Oxygen and second substrate limitation could be excluded as reasons for the decreasing respiration. It was demonstrated that a short period of oxygen limitation has no significant influence on 5-keto-D-fructose production, showing the robustness of this process. Increasing the medium concentration increased initial biomass formation. Applying a fructose feeding solution with a concentration of approx. 1200 g/L, a titre of 545 g/L 5-keto-D-fructose was reached. The yield was with 0.98 g5-keto-d-fructose/gfructose close to the theoretical maximum. A 1200 g/L fructose solution has a viscosity of 450 mPa∙s at a temperature of 55 °C. Hence, the solution itself and the whole peripheral feeding system need to be heated, to apply such a highly concentrated feeding solution. Thermal treatment of highly concentrated fructose solutions led to the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which inhibited the 5-keto-D-fructose production. Therefore, fructose solutions were only heated to about 100 °C for approx. 10 min. An alternative feeding strategy was investigated using solid fructose cubes, reaching the highest productivities above 10 g5-keto-d-fructose/L/h during feeding. Moreover, the scale-up of the 5-keto-D-fructose production to a 150 L pressurised fermenter was successfully demonstrated using liquid fructose solutions (745 g/L). CONCLUSION We optimised the 5-keto-D-fructose production process and successfully increased titre, yield and productivity. By using solid fructose, we presented a second feeding strategy, which can be of great interest for further scale-up experiments. A first scale-up of this process was performed, showing the possibility for an industrial production of 5-keto-D-fructose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Battling
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Engel
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elena Herweg
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul-Joachim Niehoff
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Pesch
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa Scholand
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marie Schöpping
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nina Sonntag
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XAVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Efficient aerobic fermentation of gluconic acid by high tension oxygen supply strategy with reusable Gluconobacter oxydans HG19 cells. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1849-1855. [PMID: 36149483 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02791-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Gluconic acid is a widely used food and beverage additive, but its production suffers from low efficiency and high cost. In this study, a preferable gluconic acid biosynthesis method without repeated seed culture was proposed and developed using the superior performance of Gluconobacter oxydans. A high oxygen atmosphere satisfying the demand of bio-oxidation increased the productivity of gluconic acid up to ~ 32 g/L/h and the accumulation up to ~ 420 g/L within 24 h of fed-batch fermentation. However, the productivity remarkably decreased when the gluconic acid content was over 350 g/L. Therefore, a continuous fermentation was designed, which in combination with 5 runs of fed-batch fermentation resulted in the final production of 1700 g gluconic acid from 1750 g glucose within 60 h in a 3 L bioreactor. The results suggest that the validity of this model and can enable cost-competitive gluconic acid production in the industry.
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Liu X, Wang Z, Xiao J, Zhou X, Xu Y. Osmotic stress tolerance and transcriptome analysis of Gluconobacter oxydans to extra-high titers of glucose. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:977024. [PMID: 36033857 PMCID: PMC9412170 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.977024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans has been widely acknowledged as an ideal strain for industrial bio-oxidations with fantastic yield and productivity. Even 600 g/L xylose can be catalyzed efficiently in a sealed and compressed oxygen-supplying bioreactor. Therefore, the present study seeks to explore the osmotic stress tolerance against extra-high titer of representative lignocellulosic sugars like glucose. Gluconobacter oxydans can well adapted and fermented with initial 600 g/L glucose, exhibiting the highest bio-tolerance in prokaryotic strains and the comparability to the eukaryotic strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1,432 differentially expressed genes corresponding to osmotic pressure are detected through transcriptome analysis, involving several genes related to the probable compatible solutes (trehalose and arginine). Gluconobacter oxydans obtains more energy by enhancing the substrate-level phosphorylation, resulting in the increased glucose consumption rate after fermentation adaption phase. This study will provide insights into further investigation of biological tolerance and response to extra-high titers of glucose of G. oxydans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Xu,
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Mao X, Zhang B, Zhao C, Lin J, Wei D. Overexpression of mGDH in Gluconobacter oxydans to improve D-xylonic acid production from corn stover hydrolysate. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:35. [PMID: 35264166 PMCID: PMC8905809 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background d-Xylonic acid is a versatile platform chemical with broad potential applications as a water reducer and disperser for cement and as a precursor for 1,4-butanediol and 1,2,4-tributantriol. Microbial production of d-xylonic acid with bacteria such as Gluconobacter oxydans from inexpensive lignocellulosic feedstock is generally regarded as one of the most promising and cost-effective methods for industrial production. However, high substrate concentrations and hydrolysate inhibitors reduce xylonic acid productivity. Results The d-xylonic acid productivity of G. oxydans DSM2003 was improved by overexpressing the mGDH gene, which encodes membrane-bound glucose dehydrogenase. Using the mutated plasmids based on pBBR1MCS-5 in our previous work, the recombinant strain G. oxydans/pBBR-R3510-mGDH was obtained with a significant improvement in d-xylonic acid production and a strengthened tolerance to hydrolysate inhibitors. The fed-batch biotransformation of d-xylose by this recombinant strain reached a high titer (588.7 g/L), yield (99.4%), and volumetric productivity (8.66 g/L/h). Moreover, up to 246.4 g/L d-xylonic acid was produced directly from corn stover hydrolysate without detoxification at a yield of 98.9% and volumetric productivity of 11.2 g/L/h. In addition, G. oxydans/pBBR-R3510-mGDH exhibited a strong tolerance to typical inhibitors, i.e., formic acid, furfural, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Conclusion Through overexpressing mgdh in G. oxydans, we obtained the recombinant strain G. oxydans/pBBR-R3510-mGDH, and it was capable of efficiently producing xylonic acid from corn stover hydrolysate under high inhibitor concentrations. The high d-xylonic acid productivity of G. oxydans/pBBR-R3510-mGDH made it an attractive choice for biotechnological production. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01763-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxiu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
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Dai L, Jiang W, Jia R, Zhou X, Xu Y. Directional enhancement of 2-keto-gluconic acid production from enzymatic hydrolysate by acetic acid-mediated bio-oxidation with Gluconobacter oxydans. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126811. [PMID: 35131459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An acetic acid-mediated bio-oxidation strategy with Gluconobacter oxydans was developed to produce valuable 2-ketogluconic acid from lignocellulosic biomass. Metabolically, glucose is firstly oxidized to gluconic acid and further oxidized to 2-keto-gluconic acid by Gluconobacter oxydans. As a specific inhibitor for microbial fermentation generated from pretreatment, acetic acid was validated to have a down-regulated effect on bio-oxidizing glucose to gluconic acid. Nevertheless, it significantly facilitated 2-keto-gluconic acid accumulation and improved gluconate dehydrogenase activity. In the presence of 5.0 g/L acetic acid, the yield of 2-keto-gluconic acid increased from 38.0% to 80.5% using pure glucose as feedstock with 1.5 g/L cell loading. Meanwhile, 44.6 g/L 2-keto-gluconic acid with a yield of 83.5% was also achieved from the enzymatic hydrolysate. 2-keto-gluconic acid production, found in this study, laid a theoretical foundation for the industrial production of 2-keto-gluconic acid by Gluconobacter oxydans using lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Dai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Runqian Jia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
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Han J, Hua X, Zhou X, Xu B, Wang H, Huang G, Xu Y. A cost-practical cell-recycling process for xylonic acid bioproduction from acidic lignocellulosic hydrolysate with whole-cell catalysis of Gluconobacter oxydans. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125157. [PMID: 33878501 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Xylonic acid (XA), as a bio-based platform chemical, is of considerable interest for xylose bioconversion. The whole-cell catalysis of Gluconobacter oxydans presents a promising application potential, while the hard works of cell culture still severely hinder XA business from the crude toxics-containing lignocellulosic hydrolysate. Hence, the bacterial cells should be recycled to reduce commercial production cost. The implementation of diatomite detoxification not only absorbs most of the degraded inhibitors in hydrolysate, but also confines the sugar contents loss with 10% and allows the bacterial cells to maintain 90% bioconversion performance during cell-recycling operation. Additionally, a scale-up of XA bioproduction was achieved in a sealed oxygen supply fermenter. Finally, 210 g XA was produced from 1000 g corncob originated hydrolysate within 24 h of whole-cell catalysis. Diatomite treatment provides an efficient and cost-practical approach for the commercial bioproduction of biochemicals like XA from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Han
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Hua
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- ECO Zhuoxin Energy-saving Technology (Shanghai) Company Limited, Shanghai 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- ECO Zhuoxin Energy-saving Technology (Shanghai) Company Limited, Shanghai 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohong Huang
- Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Materials & Structural Engineering Department, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
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Pateraki C, Skliros D, Flemetakis E, Koutinas A. Succinic acid production from pulp and paper industry waste: A transcriptomic approach. J Biotechnol 2020; 325:250-260. [PMID: 33069778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The fermentative production of biobased chemicals and polymers using crude lignocellulose hydrolysates is challenging due to the presence of various inhibitory compounds and multiple sugars. This study evaluates the metabolic response of Actinobacillus succinogenes for the production of succinic acid using spent sulphite liquor (SSL) as feedstock derived from industrial acidic sulphite pulping of Eucalyptus globulus hardwood. A transcriptomic approach led to significant insights on gene regulation of the major metabolic pathways (glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, TCA cycle, pyruvate metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation) in batch cultures carried out on SSL and compared with glucose and xylose. Significantly overexpressed genes in SSL compared to glucose and xylose were fructose biphosphate aldolase (> 1.18-fold change) in the catabolism, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (> 1.59-fold change) and malate dehydrogenase (> 1.49-fold change) in the TCA cycle, citrate lyase (> 1.7-fold change), dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (> 0.88-fold change), pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 (> 1.63-fold change) and pyruvate formate lyase (> 0.61-fold change), involved in acetyl-CoA pathways. Finally, C4 tricarboxylic transporters were overexpressed (DCU (> 1.61-fold change) and 0079 (> 4.19-fold change). SSL was responsible for the upregulation of genes involved in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, while xylose showed similar results with SSL in the oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthi Pateraki
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Skliros
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolis Koutinas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
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Enhancement of Gluconobacter oxydans Resistance to Lignocellulosic-Derived Inhibitors in Xylonic Acid Production by Overexpressing Thioredoxin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:1072-1083. [PMID: 31960365 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient utilization of lignocellulose is an economically relevant practice for improving the financial prospects of biorefineries. Lignocellulose contains significant levels of xylose that can be converted into valuable xylonic acid. However, some inhibitors of bioconversion processes are produced after pretreatment. Xylonic acid production in bacteria, such as Gluconobacter oxydans, is hindered by poor bacterial tolerance to contaminants. Therefore, in order to enhance bacterial resistance to inhibitors, a recombinant strain of G. oxydans was created by the introduction of the thioredoxin gene. Thioredoxin is a key protein responsible for maintaining cellular redox potential and is critical to the conversion of xylose to xylonate. Overexpression of thioredoxin was confirmed at the enzymatic level, while the recombinant strain showed increased catalytic activity when inhibitors, such as formic acid or p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (PHBA), were added to the synthetic xylose medium (17% and 7% improvement in xylonic acid yield, respectively). To probe the molecular mechanism behind the recombinant strain response to inhibitors, the expression levels of various genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR, which revealed five differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upon exposure to formic acid or PHBA.
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Yan J, Xu J, Cao M, Li Z, Xu C, Wang X, Yang C, Xu P, Gao C, Ma C. Engineering of glycerol utilization in Gluconobacter oxydans 621H for biocatalyst preparation in a low-cost way. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:158. [PMID: 30296949 PMCID: PMC6174558 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-1001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whole cells of Gluconobacter oxydans are widely used in various biocatalytic processes. Sorbitol at high concentrations is commonly used in complex media to prepare biocatalysts. Exploiting an alternative process for preparation of biocatalysts with low cost substrates is of importance for industrial applications. Results G. oxydans 621H was confirmed to have the ability to grow in mineral salts medium with glycerol, an inevitable waste generated from industry of biofuels, as the sole carbon source. Based on the glycerol utilization mechanism elucidated in this study, the major polyol dehydrogenase (GOX0854) and the membrane-bound alcohol dehydrogenase (GOX1068) can competitively utilize glycerol but play no obvious roles in the biocatalyst preparation. Thus, the genes related to these two enzymes were deleted. Whole cells of G. oxydans ∆GOX1068∆GOX0854 can be prepared from glycerol with a 2.4-fold higher biomass yield than that of G. oxydans 621H. Using whole cells of G. oxydans ∆GOX1068∆GOX0854 as the biocatalyst, 61.6 g L−1 xylonate was produced from 58.4 g L−1 xylose at a yield of 1.05 g g−1. Conclusion This process is an example of efficient preparation of whole cells of G. oxydans with reduced cost. Besides xylonate production from xylose, other biocatalytic processes might also be developed using whole cells of metabolic engineered G. oxydans prepared from glycerol. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-1001-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.,Dong Ying Oceanic and Fishery Bureau, 206 Yellow River Road, Dongying, 257091, People's Republic of China
| | - Menghao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengpeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang H, Zhu R, Liu H, Bao C, Liu J, Eltahir A, Langford PR, Sun D, Liu Z, Sun C, Gu J, Han W, Feng X, Lei L. Transcriptomic analysis of porcine PBMCs in response to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae reveals the dynamic changes of differentially expressed genes related to immuno-inflammatory responses. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 111:2371-2384. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zhou X, Zhou X, Huang L, Cao R, Xu Y. Efficient coproduction of gluconic acid and xylonic acid from lignocellulosic hydrolysate by Zn(II)-selective inhibition on whole-cell catalysis by Gluconobacter oxydans. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:855-859. [PMID: 28724257 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With Zn(II)-selective inhibition on the whole-cell catalysis of Gluconobacter oxydans NL71, gluconic acid and xylonic acid were coproduced efficiently from the hydrolysate of corn stover. Further metabolism of gluconic acid to the by-product 2-ketogluconic acid was prevented by addition of 10g/L ZnCl2. Remarkably, yields of 93.91% of gluconic acid and 93.36% of xylonic acid were obtained with the supplement of ZnCl2 in the synthetic medium, without by-product production. After optimization of the concentrations of ZnCl2 and inocula of the strain, maximum amounts of gluconic acid and xylonic acid were coproduced at titers of 63.01g/L and 33.81g/L, with an overall utilization of 100% of the sugars in the enzymatic hydrolysate of corn stover. The results showed execution of our objective to prove this novel bioconversion method for simultaneously producing gluconic acid and xylonic acid, which would benefit subsequent studies on the comprehensive utilization of lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Rou Cao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
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