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Ashique S, Faruk A, Ahmad FJ, Khan T, Mishra N. It Is All about Probiotics to Control Cervical Cancer. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:979-992. [PMID: 37880560 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common malignancy in female patients. "Human papillomavirus" (HPV) contamination is a leading cause of all forms of cervical cancer, accounting for an expected 570,000 reported incidents in 2018. Two HPV strains (16 and 18) are responsible for 70% of CC and pre-cancerous cervical abnormalities. CC is one of the foremost reasons for the malignancy death rate in India among women ranging from 30 to 69 years of age in India, responsible for 17% of all cancer deaths. Currently approved cervical cancer treatments are associated with adverse reactions that might harm the lives of women affected by this disease. Consequently, probiotics can play a vital role in the treatment of CC. It is reflected from various studies regarding the role of probiotics in the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of cancer. In this review article, we have discussed the rationale of probiotics for treatment of CC, the role of probiotics as effective adjuvants in anti-cancer therapy and the combined effect of the anti-cancer drug along with probiotics to minimize the side effects due to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Pandaveswar, West Bengal, 713346, India
| | - Abdul Faruk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Tasneem Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Neeraj Mishra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gwalior, 474005, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Liu J, Li B, Li L, Ming X, Xu ZP. Advances in Nanomaterials for Immunotherapeutic Improvement of Cancer Chemotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403024. [PMID: 38773882 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Immuno-stimulative effect of chemotherapy (ISECT) is recognized as a potential alternative to conventional immunotherapies, however, the clinical application is constrained by its inefficiency. Metronomic chemotherapy, though designed to overcome these limitations, offers inconsistent results, with effectiveness varying based on cancer types, stages, and patient-specific factors. In parallel, a wealth of preclinical nanomaterials holds considerable promise for ISECT improvement by modulating the cancer-immunity cycle. In the area of biomedical nanomaterials, current literature reviews mainly concentrate on a specific category of nanomaterials and nanotechnological perspectives, while two essential issues are still lacking, i.e., a comprehensive analysis addressing the causes for ISECT inefficiency and a thorough summary elaborating the nanomaterials for ISECT improvement. This review thus aims to fill these gaps and catalyze further development in this field. For the first time, this review comprehensively discusses the causes of ISECT inefficiency. It then meticulously categorizes six types of nanomaterials for improving ISECT. Subsequently, practical strategies are further proposed for addressing inefficient ISECT, along with a detailed discussion on exemplary nanomedicines. Finally, this review provides insights into the challenges and perspectives for improving chemo-immunotherapy by innovations in nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, 000000, China
- GoodMedX Tech Limited Company, Hong Kong SAR, 000000, China
| | - Bei Li
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Li Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Xin Ming
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, and Institute of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518107, China
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Thoda C, Touraki M. Probiotic-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1898. [PMID: 37630458 PMCID: PMC10456921 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease with increased morbidity and mortality rates globally. Despite advanced chemotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of CRC, low survival rates due to the regular occurrence of drug resistance and deleterious side effects render the need for alternative anticancer agents imperative. Accumulating evidence supports that gut microbiota imbalance precedes the establishment of carcinogenesis, subsequently contributing to cancer progression and response to anticancer therapy. Manipulation of the gut microbiota composition via the administration of probiotic-derived bioactive compounds has gradually attained the interest of scientific communities as a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC. These compounds encompass miscellaneous metabolic secreted products of probiotics, including bacteriocins, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate, exopolysaccharides (EPSs), biosurfactants, and bacterial peptides, with profound anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. This review provides a classification of postbiotic types and a comprehensive summary of the current state of research on their biological role against CRC. It also describes how their intricate interaction with the gut microbiota regulates the proper function of the intestinal barrier, thus eliminating gut dysbiosis and CRC development. Finally, it discusses the future perspectives in precision-medicine approaches as well as the challenges of their synthesis and optimization of administration in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Touraki
- Laboratory of General Biology, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Pourmollaei S, Farshbaf-Khalili A, Barzegari A, Bastani S, Babaie S, Fattahi A, Shahnazi M. Anticancer Effect of Enterococcus faecium, Isolated from Vaginal Fluid, on Ovarian Cancer Cells. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:205-13. [PMID: 37525437 PMCID: PMC10507285 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.3846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Given the association between cervicovaginal microbiota and OVC, we investigated the effect of Enterococcus faecium conditioned medium (CM) on OVC (Caov-4) cells. Methods CM was obtained from the bacterium E. faecium isolated from the vagina of healthy women. The Caov-4 cells were treated with varying concentrations of CM that comprised co-cultured bacteria with 0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 OD for 12, 24, and 48 h. The apoptosis and growth of cancer cells were evaluated by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, flow cytometry, and DNA laddering assay. Moreover, the expression of PTEN, BAX, BCL2, and AKT1 genes were analyzed using real-time PCR. Results The CM at a concentration of 0.5 OD from the cultured bacteria and incubation time of 48 h showed the highest negative effect on the viability of cancer cells. The CM treatment increased DNA fragmentation and also induced apoptosis in Caov-4 cells. Interestingly, CM could decrease the expression of proapoptotic genes were less, while antiapoptotic genes were more than fluorouracil in the presence of CM. Conclusion CM of human-derived E. faecium could have an anticancer effect on OVC cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This study demonstrated that E. faecium secretes anticancer substances into the CM, which could directly affect the viability and apoptosis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Pourmollaei
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
- Aging Research Institute, Physical Medicine, and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Bastani
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soraya Babaie
- Aging Research Institute, Physical Medicine, and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Womenʼs Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Shahnazi
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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5
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Pourmollaei S, Farshbaf-Khalili A, Barzegari A, Bastani S, Babaie S, Fattahi A, Shahnazi M. Anticancer Effect of Enterococcus faecium, Isolated from Vaginal Fluid, on Ovarian Cancer Cells. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:205-13. [PMID: 37525437 PMCID: PMC10507285 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.3846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Given the association between cervicovaginal microbiota and OVC, we investigated the effect of Enterococcus faecium conditioned medium (CM) on OVC (Caov-4) cells. Methods CM was obtained from the bacterium E. faecium isolated from the vagina of healthy women. The Caov-4 cells were treated with varying concentrations of CM that comprised co-cultured bacteria with 0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 OD for 12, 24, and 48 h. The apoptosis and growth of cancer cells were evaluated by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, flow cytometry, and DNA laddering assay. Moreover, the expression of PTEN, BAX, BCL2, and AKT1 genes were analyzed using real-time PCR. Results The CM at a concentration of 0.5 OD from the cultured bacteria and incubation time of 48 h showed the highest negative effect on the viability of cancer cells. The CM treatment increased DNA fragmentation and also induced apoptosis in Caov-4 cells. Interestingly, CM could decrease the expression of proapoptotic genes were less, while antiapoptotic genes were more than fluorouracil in the presence of CM. Conclusion CM of human-derived E. faecium could have an anticancer effect on OVC cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This study demonstrated that E. faecium secretes anticancer substances into the CM, which could directly affect the viability and apoptosis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Pourmollaei
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
- Aging Research Institute, Physical Medicine, and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Bastani
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soraya Babaie
- Aging Research Institute, Physical Medicine, and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Womenʼs Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Shahnazi
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Rashid M, Narang A, Thakur S, Jain SK, Kaur S. Therapeutic and prophylactic effects of oral administration of probiotic Enterococcus faecium Smr18 in Salmonella enterica-infected mice. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:23. [PMID: 37208771 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00548-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi causes chronic enteric fever known as typhoid. Prolonged treatment regimen used for the treatment of typhoid and indiscriminate use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant strains of S. enterica that has further increased the severity of the disease. Therefore, alternative therapeutic agents are urgently required. In this study, probiotic and enterocin-producing bacteria Enterococcus faecium Smr18 was compared for both its prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in S. enterica infection mouse model. E. faecium Smr18 possessed high tolerance to bile salts and simulated gastric juice, as treatment for 3 and 2 h resulted in 0.5 and 0.23 log10 reduction in the colony forming units, respectively. It exhibited 70% auto aggregation after 24 h of incubation and formed strong biofilms at both pH 5 and 7. Oral administration of E. faecium in BALB/c mice infected with S. enterica significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the mortality of the infected mice and prevented the weight loss in mice. Administration of E. faecium prior to infection inhibited the translocation of S. enterica to liver and spleen, whereas, its administration post-infection completely cleared the pathogen from the organs within 8 days. Further, in both pre- and post-E. faecium-treated infected groups, sera levels of liver enzymes were restored back to normal; whereas the levels of creatinine, urea and antioxidant enzymes were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced compared to the untreated-infected group. E. faecium Smr18 administration significantly increased the sera levels of nitrate by 1.63-fold and 3.22-fold in pre- and post-administration group, respectively. Sera levels of interferon-γ was highest (tenfold) in the untreated-infected group, whereas the levels of interleukin-10 was highest in the post-infection E. faecium-treated group thereby indicating the resolution of infection in the probiotic-treated group, plausibly due to the increased production of reactive nitrogen intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Rashid
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Anmol Narang
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Shubham Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Subheet Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sukhraj Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
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7
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Kang AN, Mun D, Ryu S, Jae Lee J, Oh S, Kyu Kim M, Song M, Oh S, Kim Y. Culturomic-, metagenomic-, and transcriptomic-based characterization of commensal lactic acid bacteria isolated from domestic dogs using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for aging. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:skac323. [PMID: 36194530 PMCID: PMC9733531 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In tandem with the fast expansion of the pet-economy industry, the present aging research has been noticing the function of probiotics in extending the healthy lifetime of domestic animals. In this study, we aimed to understand the bacterial compositions of canine feces and isolating lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as commensal LAB as novel potential probiotics for the use of antiaging using Caenorhabditis elegans surrogate animal model. Under an anaerobic, culturomic, and metagenomic analysis, a total of 305 commensal LAB were isolated from diverse domestic dogs, and four strains, Lactobacillus amylolyticus, L. salivarius, Enterococcus hirae, and E. faecium, made prominence as commensal LAB by enhancing C. elegans life span and restored neuronal degeneration induced by aging by upregulating skn-1, ser-7, and odr-3, 7, 10. Importantly, whole transcriptome results and integrative network analysis revealed extensive mRNA encoding protein domains and functional pathways of naturally aging C. elegans were examined and we built the gene informatics basis. Taken together, our findings proposed that a specific gene network corresponding to the pathways differentially expressed during the aging and selected commensal LAB as potential probiotic strains could be provided beneficial effects in the aging of domestic animals by modulating the dynamics of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Na Kang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Daye Mun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sangdon Ryu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeong Jae Lee
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Sejong Oh
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Min Kyu Kim
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Budu O, Banciu C, Pinzaru I, Sarău C, Lighezan D, Șoica C, Dehelean C, Drăghici G, Dolghi A, Prodea A, Mioc M. A Combination of Two Probiotics, Lactobacillus sporogenes and Clostridium butyricum, Inhibits Colon Cancer Development: An In Vitro Study. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091692. [PMID: 36144294 PMCID: PMC9506018 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide and, even though several advances have been made in terms of specific treatment, the late-stage detection and the associated side effects of the conventional drugs sustain the search for better treatment alternatives. Probiotics are live microorganisms that have been proven to possess numerous health benefits for human hosts, including anticancer effects. In the present study, the in vitro effect of the association of two probiotic strains (PBT), Lactobacillus sporogenes and Clostridium butyricum, were tested against colon (HT-29 and HCT 116), lung (A549), and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines, alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5FU). Moreover, the underlying mechanism of PBT and PBT-5FU against the HT-29 cell line was evaluated using the Hoechst 33342 staining, revealing characteristic apoptotic modifications, such as chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and membrane blebbing. Furthermore, the increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax, Bid, Bad, and Bak proteins and the inhibition of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL proteins were recorded. Collectively, these findings suggest that the two strains of probiotic bacteria, alone or in association with 5FU, induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells and may serve as a potential anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Budu
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Christian Banciu
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (C.S.); Tel.: +40-256-494-604
| | - Cristian Sarău
- Department of Medical Semiology I, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (C.S.); Tel.: +40-256-494-604
| | - Daniel Lighezan
- Department of Medical Semiology I, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Codruța Șoica
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - George Drăghici
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alina Dolghi
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Prodea
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
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Grenda A, Grenda T, Domaradzki P, Kwiatek K. Enterococci-Involvement in Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment: A Mini-Review. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060687. [PMID: 35745541 PMCID: PMC9227201 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus spp. are Gram-positive, heterogeneous lactic acid bacteria inhabiting various environments. Several species of Enterococci are considered to be able to stimulate the immune system and play an important role in intestinal homeostasis. Some Enterococci can be used as probiotics. Some strains of E. faecium are components of pharmaceutical products used to treat diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, it has been proved that they are responsible for food contamination, and are sometimes undesirable from the point of view of food technology. Additionally, the virulence and multi-drug resistance of Enterococci potentially pose a risk of an epidemic, especially in hospital environments. Moreover, there are indications of their negative role in colon tumorigenesis; however, some nterococci are proved to support immunotherapy in cancer treatment. In general, it can be concluded that this group of microorganisms, despite its nature, has properties that can be used to support cancer treatment—both aggressive chemotherapy and cutting-edge therapy targeting immune checkpoints (IC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grenda
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-724-42-93
| | - Tomasz Grenda
- Department of Hygiene of Animal Feeding Stuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland; (T.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Piotr Domaradzki
- Department of Commodity Science and Animal Raw Materials Processing, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kwiatek
- Department of Hygiene of Animal Feeding Stuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland; (T.G.); (K.K.)
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Daba GM, El-Dien AN, Saleh SA, Elkhateeb WA, Awad G, Nomiyama T, Yamashiro K, Zendo T. Evaluation of Enterococcus strains newly isolated from Egyptian sources for bacteriocin production and probiotic potential. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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de Castro Santos Melo C, da Silva Freire A, Galdeano MA, da Costa CF, de Oliveira Gonçalves APD, Dias FS, Menezes DR. Probiotic potential of Enterococcus hirae in goat milk and its survival in canine gastrointestinal conditions simulated in vitro. Res Vet Sci 2021; 138:188-195. [PMID: 34171542 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In canine nutrition, the use of goat nutraceutical dairy products is an innovative proposal. Therefore, the objective of this study was to prepare fermented goat milk with probiotic potential in dogs in an in vitro model. A total of 40 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species were grown, of which 30 were CAP isolates originally from goat milk and 10 were CAN isolates originally from fecal material of newborn dogs. The isolates were selected based on resistance to the simulated canine gastrointestinal condition and acidifying ability. After this preliminary screening, the analyses were performed regarding β-galactosidase and exopolysaccharide formation, diacetyl production, adhesion proteins Mub and mapa, hydrophobicity, DPPH assay, virulence and antibiotic resistance. With these evaluations, four LAB isolates were identified using sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. These were identified as Enterococcus hirae and were used to produce fermented goat milk. For statistical analysis, the data were analyzed using the Scott-Knott test and also submitted to analysis of variance and the Tukey test (P < 0.05). In the evaluation of goat milk fermented with E. hirae and control, over the 36-day storage period there was a reduction in pH and an increase in acidity, and higher levels of LAB were observed in goat milk fermented with E. hirae. Therefore, both these E. hirae isolates and the fermented goat milk produced showed satisfactory results in vitro, demonstrating probiotic efficiency and food safety for dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina de Castro Santos Melo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences in Semiarid, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), CEP: 56.300-990 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Fraga da Costa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences in Semiarid, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), CEP: 56.300-990 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Francesca Silva Dias
- Department of Veterinary Sciences in Semiarid, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), CEP: 56.300-990 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Medicine, UNIVASF, CEP: 56.300-990 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ribeiro Menezes
- Department of Veterinary Sciences in Semiarid, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), CEP: 56.300-990 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Medicine, UNIVASF, CEP: 56.300-990 Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
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12
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Abstract
Enterococci, being the common part of indigenous human microbiota and present in numerous fermented food products and probiotics, are often positioned as health-threatening bacterial pathogens. This makes medical community, especially part of it which is not involved in microbiology research, in an uncertainty regarding the legitimacy of using enterococcal probiotics in medical practice or even consuming them in foods such as cheese or salami. However, the difference between the clinical strains and strains used as probiotics is more than significant. The present paper tries to shed light on enterococci based on the contemporary knowledge of molecular microbiology.
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13
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Sharma P, Kaur S, Chadha BS, Kaur R, Kaur M, Kaur S. Anticancer and antimicrobial potential of enterocin 12a from Enterococcus faecium. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:39. [PMID: 33541292 PMCID: PMC7860584 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increase in the number of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria in neutropenic cancer patients has prompted the search for novel therapeutic agents having dual anticancer and antimicrobial properties. Bacteriocins are cationic proteins of prokaryotic origin that have emerged as one of the most promising alternative antimicrobial agents with applications as food preservatives and therapeutic agents. Apart from their antimicrobial activities, bacteriocins are also being explored for their anticancer potential. RESULTS In this study, a broad-spectrum, cell membrane-permeabilizing enterocin with a molecular weight of 65 kDa was purified and characterized from the culture supernatant of vaginal Enterococcus faecium 12a. Enterocin 12a inhibited multidrug-resistant strains of various Gram-negative pathogens such as Salmonella enterica, Shigella flexneri, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli and Gram-positive, Listeria monocytogenes, but had no activities against different strains of gut lactobacilli. The mass spectrometric analysis showed that the enterocin 12a shared partial homology with 4Fe-4S domain-containing redox protein of E. faecalis R712. Further, enterocin 12a selectively inhibited the proliferation of various human cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner but not that of normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Enterocin 12a-treated cancer cells showed apoptosis-like morphological changes. CONCLUSION Enterocin 12a is a novel bacteriocin that has anticancer properties against human cell lines and negligible activity towards non-malignant cells. Therefore, it should be further evaluated for its anticancer potential in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Sumanpreet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | | | - Raminderjit Kaur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhraj Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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14
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Grenda A, Krawczyk P. Cancer trigger or remedy: two faces of the human microbiome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1395-1405. [PMID: 33492450 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Currently, increasing attention cancer treatment has focused on molecularly targeted therapies and more recently on immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints. However, even such advanced treatment may be ineffective. The reasons for this are sought, inter alia, in the human microbiome. In our intestines, there are bacteria that are beneficial to us, but pathogenic microorganisms may also be present. Microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) is now perceived as one of the gateways to cancer. However, it is feasible to use bacteria and their metabolites to restore the natural, beneficial microbiome during oncological treatment. Akkermansia mucinifila, Enterococcus hirae, or Faecalibacterium prausnitzii are bacteria that exhibit this beneficial potential. Greater benefits of therapy can be observed in cancer patients enriched in these bacterial species and treated with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies. In this review, we present issues related to the role of bacteria in carcinogenesis and their therapeutic potential "supporting" modern anti-cancer therapies.Key Points• Bacteria can be directly or indirectly a cancer trigger.• Bacterial metabolites regulate the pathways associated with carcinogenesis.• Intestinal bacteria activate the immune system to fight cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grenda
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Paweł Krawczyk
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
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15
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Rahimi AM, Nabavizadeh F, Ashabi G, Halimi S, Rahimpour M, Vahedian J, Panahi M. Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus Supplementation Improved Capecitabine Protective Effect against Gastric Cancer Growth in Male BALB/c Mice. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2089-2099. [PMID: 33955797 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1832237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The gastric cancer (GC) is biologically and genetically heterogeneous with a poorly understood carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Herein, we studied the effects of probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus) on subcutaneous implantation of xenograft GC. Moreover, the effect of probiotics (L. rhamnosus) was compared with the capecitabine drug as known used drug against GC. Human GC tissue was obtained from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and grafted into mice armpit. Probiotic (L. rhamnosus) was given to animals by gavage 2 weeks prior to GC and 4 weeks after GC induction. Also, capecitabine was orally added through feeding tube at the last week of treatment procedure. All grafted animals received cyclosporine a day before the surgery and during the study period to prevent graft rejection. Capecitabine-probiotic complex reduced the size of the axillary implanted GC when compared with control group. Furthermore, combination of capecitabine and probiotic increased apoptotic and necrotic responses in the grafted tumor, blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet counts) in comparison with capecitabine. Probiotic (L. rhamnosus) administration effectively improved the therapeutic index and outcomes, and also, improved the therapeutic effects of the capecitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mustafa Rahimi
- Department of Physiology, Medical school, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
- Department of Physiology, Medical school, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Electrophysiology Research Center, Neurosciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, Medical school, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Electrophysiology Research Center, Neurosciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Halimi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Rahimpour
- Department of Physiology, Medical school, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Vahedian
- Department of Surgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Panahi
- Department of Pathology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Sharma P, Rashid M, Kaur S. Novel enterocin E20c purified from Enterococcus hirae 20c synergised with ß-lactams and ciprofloxacin against Salmonella enterica. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:98. [PMID: 32366243 PMCID: PMC7197179 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing rate of antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative bacterial pathogens has created an urgent need to discover novel therapeutic agents to combat infectious diseases. Use of bacteriocins as therapeutic agents has immense potential due to their high potency and mode of action different from that of conventional antibiotics. Results In this study, a novel bacteriocin E20c of molecular weight 6.5 kDa was purified and characterized from the probiotic strain of Enterococcus hirae. E20c had bactericidal activities against several multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy studies showed that it killed the Salmonella enterica cells by forming ion-permeable channels in the cell membrane leading to enhanced cell membrane permeability. Further, checkerboard titrations showed that E20c had synergistic interaction with antibiotics such as ampicillin, penicillin, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin against a ciprofloxacin- and penicillin-resistant strain of S. enterica. Conclusion Thus, this study shows the broad spectrum antimicrobial activity of novel enterocin E20c against various MDR pathogens. Further, it highlights the importance of bacteriocins in lowering the minimum inhibitory concentrations of conventional antibiotics when used in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Muzamil Rashid
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhraj Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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17
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Pourmollaei S, Barzegari A, Farshbaf-Khalili A, Nouri M, Fattahi A, Shahnazi M, Dittrich R. Anticancer effect of bacteria on cervical cancer: Molecular aspects and therapeutic implications. Life Sci 2020; 246:117413. [PMID: 32035929 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths among women in less developed countries. It has been indicated that changes in vaginal microbiome play an important role in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. However, studies have shown that probiotics play an effective role in fighting cancer by affecting pathogenic bacteria, inducing cancer cells apoptosis, and other anticancer activities. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is reviewing the anticancer effect of cervicovaginal bacteria and their potential for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Pourmollaei
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
| | - Mahnaz Shahnazi
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ralf Dittrich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
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Maghsood F, Johari B, Rohani M, Madanchi H, Saltanatpour Z, Kadivar M. Anti-proliferative and Anti-metastatic Potential of High Molecular Weight Secretory Molecules from Probiotic Lactobacillus Reuteri Cell-Free Supernatant Against Human Colon Cancer Stem-Like Cells (HT29-ShE). Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Walker R, Otto-Pille C, Gupta S, Schillaci M, Roessner U. Current perspectives and applications in plant probiotics. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ma20024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As agriculture and food security face unprecedented challenges, emerging agricultural innovations and existing practices require ongoing examination in the context of sustainability. In this review, we focus on the use of probiotic microorganisms for improved plant production. As plants are enormously diverse, emphasis is placed on the fundamental sites of plant-microbe interactions regarding benefits and challenges encountered when altering the microbiome of these locations. The soil, the external plant epidermis, and internal plant tissue are considered in discussion regarding the type of plant probiotic application. Plant probiotics range from broader soil beneficial microorganisms (such as Trichoderma spp.) through to specialised epiphytes and endophytes (such as root nodule bacteria). As each site of interaction affects plant growth differently, potential outcomes from the introduction of these exogenous microorganisms are discussed with regard to plant productivity. Finally, recommendations regarding regulation and future use of plant probiotics are points of consideration throughout this review.
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20
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Yu X, Ruan Y, Huang X, Dou L, Lan M, Cui J, Chen B, Gong H, Wang Q, Yan M, Sun S, Qiu Q, Zhang X, Man Y, Tang W, Li J, Shen T. Dexrazoxane ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting both apoptosis and necroptosis in cardiomyocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 523:140-146. [PMID: 31837803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin, as a first line chemotherapeutic agent, its usage is limited owing to cardiotoxicity. Necroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death, and recent investigations indicated that necroptosis is vitally involved in serious cardiac pathological conditions. Dexrazoxane is the only cardiac protective drug approved by FDA for anthracycline. We aimed to explore whether and how dexrazoxane regulates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte necroptosis. First, doxorubicin could cause heart failure and reduce cardiomyocyte viability by promoting cell apoptosis and necroptosis in vivo and in vitro. Second, necroptosis plays an important role in doxorubicin induced cardiomyocyte injury, which could be inhibited by Nec-1. Third, dexrazoxane increased cell viability and protect heart function by decreasing both cardiomyocyte apoptosis and necroptosis after doxorubicin treatment. Forth, dexrazoxane attenuated doxorubicin-induced inflammation and necroptosis by the inhibition of p38MAPK/NF-κB pathways. These results indicated that dexrazoxane ameliorates cardiotoxicity and protects heart function by attenuating both apoptosis and necroptosis in doxorubicin induced cardiomyocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Yu
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China; The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yang Ruan
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lin Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ming Lan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ju Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Beidong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huan Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Que Wang
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China; The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mingjing Yan
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China; The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shenghui Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Quan Qiu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiyue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yong Man
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Weiqing Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jian Li
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China; The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China; The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, 100730, China.
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21
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Patz S, Witzel K, Scherwinski AC, Ruppel S. Culture Dependent and Independent Analysis of Potential Probiotic Bacterial Genera and Species Present in the Phyllosphere of Raw Eaten Produce. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153661. [PMID: 31357436 PMCID: PMC6696213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant phyllosphere is colonized by a complex ecosystem of microorganisms. Leaves of raw eaten vegetables and herbs are habitats for bacteria important not only to the host plant, but also to human health when ingested via meals. The aim of the current study was to determine the presence of putative probiotic bacteria in the phyllosphere of raw eaten produce. Quantification of bifidobacteria showed that leaves of Lepidium sativum L., Cichorium endivia L., and Thymus vulgaris L. harbor between 103 and 106 DNA copies per gram fresh weight. Total cultivable bacteria in the phyllosphere of those three plant species ranged from 105 to 108 CFU per gram fresh weight. Specific enrichment of probiotic lactic acid bacteria from C. endivia, T. vulgaris,Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Petroselinum crispum L. led to the isolation of 155 bacterial strains, which were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus, Enterococcus faecium, and Bacillus species, based on their intact protein pattern. A comprehensive community analysis of the L. sativum leaves by PhyloChip hybridization revealed the presence of genera Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus. Our results demonstrate that the phyllosphere of raw eaten produce has to be considered as a substantial source of probiotic bacteria and point to the development of vegetables and herbs with added probiotic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Patz
- Algorithms in Bioinformatics, ZBIT Center for Bioinformatics, University of Tübingen, Sand 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Katja Witzel
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany.
| | - Ann-Christin Scherwinski
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Silke Ruppel
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany.
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22
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Singhal N, Maurya AK, Mohanty S, Kumar M, Virdi JS. Evaluation of Bile Salt Hydrolases, Cholesterol-Lowering Capabilities, and Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus faecium Isolated From Rhizosphere. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1567. [PMID: 31379762 PMCID: PMC6646458 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, hypo-cholesterolemic effect, and probiotic properties have been reported for Enterococcus strains isolated from animal and human gut and fermented foods but not for strains isolated from environmental niches, like aquatic and terrestrial plants, soil, and water. The present study is the first report on isolation of Enterococcus faecium from rhizospheric soils that harbor the bsh gene, remove cholesterol in vitro, and possess essential and desirable probiotic attributes. Fifteen samples were collected from different sites located in northern, southern, and central regions of India, of which five yielded pure colonies that were named LR2, LR3, ER5, LR13, and VB1. These were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as E. faecium and evaluated for BSH activity, cholesterol-lowering potential in vitro, and probiotic properties. Our results indicated that all the strains were capable of surviving the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and did not harbor any of the virulence genes. Though all strains showed the presence of bsh and potential for cholesterol removal, E. faecium strain LR13 showed a remarkable cholesterol removal capability and vancomycin susceptibility and possessed most of the desirable and essential attributes of a probiotic. Hence, it seems to be a fairly promising probiotic candidate that needs to be further evaluated in in vivo studies, especially for its hypo-cholesterolemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelja Singhal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shilpa Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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