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Ai G, Si J, Cheng Y, Meng R, Wu Z, Xu R, Wang X, Zhai Y, Peng H, Li Y, Dou D, Jing M. The oomycete-specific BAG subfamily maintains protein homeostasis and promotes pathogenicity in an atypical HSP70-independent manner. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113391. [PMID: 37930886 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is vital for organisms and requires chaperones like the conserved Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) co-chaperones that bind to the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) through their C-terminal BAG domain (BD). Here, we show an unconventional BAG subfamily exclusively found in oomycetes. Oomycete BAGs feature an atypical N-terminal BD with a short and oomycete-specific α1 helix (α1'), plus a C-terminal small heat shock protein (sHSP) domain. In oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae, both BD-α1' and sHSP domains are required for P. sojae BAG (PsBAG) function in cyst germination, pathogenicity, and unfolded protein response assisting in 26S proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded proteins. PsBAGs form homo- and heterodimers through their unique BD-α1' to function properly, with no recruitment of HSP70s to form the common BAG-HSP70 complex found in other eukaryotes. Our study highlights an oomycete-exclusive protein homeostasis mechanism mediated by atypical BAGs, which provides a potential target for oomycete disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Ai
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jierui Si
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rui Meng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zishan Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruofei Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ying Zhai
- USDA-ARS, Crop Diseases, Pests and Genetics Research Unit, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
| | - Hao Peng
- USDA-ARS, Crop Diseases, Pests and Genetics Research Unit, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
| | - Yurong Li
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA 50131, USA
| | - Daolong Dou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zhao F, Liu L, Du J, Zhao X, Song Y, Zhou H, Qiao Y. BAG6-A from Fragaria viridis pollen modulates gametophyte development in diploid strawberry. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 330:111667. [PMID: 36858208 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Male and female gametophyte development processes are essential steps in the life cycles of all land plants. Here, we characterized a gene, FviBAG6-A, screened from the Fragaria viridis (2 n = 2x=14) pollen cDNA library and physically interacted with S-RNase. Ubiquitinated of Sa-RNase might be determined by the interaction of FviBAG6-A in the ubiquitin-proteasome system during fertilization. We found that overexpression of FviBAG6-A in Arabidopsis caused shorter silique length, and decreased silique number. Moreover, overexpression of FviBAG6-A in Fragaria vesca (2 n = 2x=14) led to a greatly reduced seed number, with nearly 80% of the seeds aborted. Analyses of paraffin sections and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content revealed that the majority of severe pollen defects were likely due to the early degradation of the tapetum and middle layer as a result of ROS accumulation and abnormal development of the uninucleate megaspore mother. Moreover, the FviBAG6-A interact with the E3 ligase SIZ1 and contribute to the SUMOylation of FviBAG6-A , which may be induced by the high level of ROS content, further promoting gametophyte abortion in strawberry transgenic lines. This study characterized the FviBAG6-A and reveals its novel function in gametophyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Zhao
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, Henan, China
| | - Lifeng Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, Henan, China
| | - Jianke Du
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, Henan, China
| | - Yanhong Song
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, Henan, China
| | - Houcheng Zhou
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, Henan, China.
| | - Yushan Qiao
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang H, Yang X, Wei S. Analysis of Aspergillus versicolor exudate composition. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:1241-1253. [PMID: 35972830 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus versicolor, a widely distributed fungus, is associated with pollution and carcinogenic hazards. This study aimed to examine the functions of the A. versicolor exudate and laid a scientific foundation for improving our understanding, utilization, and control of A. versicolor. The A. versicolor exudate proteome, ion content, and amino acid components were determined using label-free quantitation, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. In total, 502 proteins were identified in the A. versicolor exudate. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and cluster of orthologous group analyses were used to annotate the functional classification and pathways of the aligned proteins. Proteins identified in the exudate were mainly enriched in carbohydrate metabolic process, translation, oxidoreductase activity, oxidoreductase activity, hydrolase activity, cell wall-related processes, catalytic activity, and unknown functions. The exudate comprised Na, K, Ca, Fe, and Mg cations. Among the 17 types of amino acids detected in the exudate, 7 were essential and 10 were nonessential. The exudate may be involved in the vital processes of A. versicolor. Additionally, the exudate may play an important role in the growth, development, reproduction, homeostasis, nutrient supply for regrowth, and virulence of A. versicolor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Songhong Wei
- Department of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Arif M, Li Z, Luo Q, Li L, Shen Y, Men S. The BAG2 and BAG6 Genes Are Involved in Multiple Abiotic Stress Tolerances in Arabidopsis Thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115856. [PMID: 34072612 PMCID: PMC8198428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The BAG proteins are a family of multi-functional co-chaperones. In plants, BAG proteins were found to play roles both in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. However, the function of Arabidopsis BAG2 remains largely unknown, whereas BAG6 is required for plants’ defense to pathogens, although it remains unknown whether BAG6 is involved in plants’ tolerance to abiotic stresses. Here, we show that both BAG2 and BAG6 are expressed in various tissues and are upregulated by salt, mannitol, and heat treatments and by stress-related hormones including ABA, ethylene, and SA. Germination of bag2, bag6 and bag2 bag6 seeds is less sensitive to ABA compared to the wild type (WT), whereas BAG2 and BAG6 overexpression lines are hypersensitive to ABA. bag2, bag6, and bag2 bag6 plants show higher survival rates than WT in drought treatment but display lower survival rates in heat-stress treatment. Consistently, these mutants showed differential expression of several stress- and ABA-related genes such as RD29A, RD29B, NCED3 and ABI4 compared to the WT. Furthermore, these mutants exhibit lower levels of ROS after drought and ABA treatment but higher ROS accumulation after heat treatment than the WT. These results suggest that BAG2 and BAG6 are negatively involved in drought stress but play a positive role in heat stress in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Zitong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Qiong Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Luhua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Yuequan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China;
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuzhen Men
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (M.A.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang H, Li Y, Dickman MB, Wang Z. Cytoprotective Co-chaperone BcBAG1 Is a Component for Fungal Development, Virulence, and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) of Botrytis cinerea. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:685. [PMID: 31024482 PMCID: PMC6467101 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bcl-2 associated athanogene (BAG) family is an evolutionarily conserved group of co-chaperones that confers stress protection against a variety of cellular insults extending from yeasts, plants to humans. Little is known, however, regarding the biological role of BAG proteins in phytopathogenic fungi. Here, we identified the unique BAG gene (BcBAG1) from the necrotrophic fungal pathogen, Botrytis cinerea. BcBAG1 is the homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana AtBAG4, and ectopic expression of BcBAG1 in atbag4 knock-out mutants restores salt tolerance. BcBAG1 deletion mutants (ΔBcbag1) exhibited decreased conidiation, enhanced melanin accumulation and lost the ability to develop sclerotia. Also, BcBAG1 disruption blocked fungal conidial germination and successful penetration, leading to a reduced virulence in host plants. BcBAG1 contains BAG (BD) domain at C-terminus and ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain at N-terminus. Complementation assays indicated that BD can largely restored pathogenicity of ΔBcbag1. Abiotic stress assays showed ΔBcbag1 was more sensitive than the wild-type strain to NaCl, calcofluor white, SDS, tunicamycin, dithiothreitol (DTT), heat and cold stress, suggesting BcBAG1 plays a cytoprotective role during salt stress, cell wall stress, and ER stress. BcBAG1 negatively regulated the expression of BcBIP1, BcIRE1 and the splicing of BcHAC1 mRNA, which are core regulators of unfolded protein response (UPR) during ER stress. Moreover, BcBAG1 interacted with HSP70-type chaperones, BcBIP1 and BcSKS2. In summary, this work demonstrates that BcBAG1 is pleiotropic and not only essential for fungal development, hyphal melanization, and virulence, but also required for response to multiple abiotic stresses and UPR pathway of B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Zhang
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Yurong Li
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Martin B Dickman
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
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