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Takishita Y, Subramanian S, Souleimanov A, Smith DL. Interactive effects of Pseudomonas entomophila strain 23S and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis on proteome and anti-Cmm compound production. J Proteomics 2023; 289:105006. [PMID: 37717723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas entomophila strain 23S is an effective biocontrol bacterium for tomato bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm); it produces an inhibitory compound affecting the growth of Cmm. In this study, the interactions between pure cultures of P. entomophila 23S and Cmm were investigated. First, the population dynamics of each bacterium during the interaction was determined using the selective media. Second, the amount of anti-Cmm compound produced by P. entomophila 23S in the presence of Cmm was quantified using HPLC. Lastly, a label-free shotgun proteomics study of P. entomophila 23S, Cmm, and a co-culture was conducted to understand the effects of the interaction of each bacterium at the proteomic level. Compared with the pure culture grown, the total number of proteins decreased in the interaction for both bacteria. P. entomophila 23S secreted stress-related proteins, such as chaperonins, peptidases, ABC-transporters and elongation factors. The bacterium also produced more proteins related with purine, pyrimidine, carbon and nitrogen metabolisms in the presence of Cmm. The population enumeration study revealed that the Cmm population declined dramatically during the interaction, while the population of P. entomophila 23S maintained. The quantification of anti-Cmm compound indicated that P. entomophila 23S produced significantly higher amount of anti-Cmm compound when it was cultured with Cmm. Overall, the study suggested that P. entomophila 23S, although is cidal to Cmm, was also negatively affected by the presence of Cmm, while trying to adapt to the stress condition, and that such an environment favored increased production of the anti-Cmm compound by P. entomophila 23S. SIGNIFICANCE: Pseudomonas entomophila strain 23S is an effective biocontrol bacterium for tomato bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm); it produces an inhibitory compound affecting the growth of Cmm. In this study, secreted proteome of pure cultures of P. entomophila 23S and Cmm, and also of a co-culture was first time identified. Furthermore, the study found that P. entomophila strain 23S produced significantly higher amount of anti-Cmm compound when the bacterium was grown together with Cmm. Co-culture enhancing anti-Cmm compound production by P. entomophila 23S is useful information, particularly from a commercial point of view of biocontrol application, and for scale-up of anti-Cmm compound production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Takishita
- Department of Plant Science, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Sowmyalakshmi Subramanian
- Department of Plant Science, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Alfred Souleimanov
- Department of Plant Science, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Donald L Smith
- Department of Plant Science, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Aizaz M, Lubna, Ahmad W, Khan I, Asaf S, Bilal S, Jan R, Asif S, Waqas M, Khan AL, Kim KM, AL-Harrasi A. Exploring the potential of halotolerant bacteria from coastal regions to mitigate salinity stress in wheat: physiological, molecular, and biochemical insights. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1224731. [PMID: 37810397 PMCID: PMC10556533 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1224731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress, a significant global abiotic stress, is caused by various factors such as irrigation with saline water, fertilizer overuse, and drought conditions, resulting in reduced agricultural production and sustainability. In this study, we investigated the use of halotolerant bacteria from coastal regions characterized by high salinity as a solution to address the major environmental challenge of salinity stress. To identify effective microbial strains, we isolated and characterized 81 halophilic bacteria from various sources, such as plants, rhizosphere, algae, lichen, sea sediments, and sea water. We screened these bacterial strains for their plant growth-promoting activities, such as indole acetic acid (IAA), phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production. Similarly, the evaluation of bacterial isolates through bioassay revealed that approximately 22% of the endophytic isolates and 14% of rhizospheric isolates exhibited a favorable influence on seed germination and seedling growth. Among the tested isolates, GREB3, GRRB3, and SPSB2 displayed a significant improvement in all growth parameters compared to the control. As a result, these three isolates were utilized to evaluate their efficacy in alleviating the negative impacts of salt stress (150 mM, 300 mM, and seawater (SW)) on the growth of wheat plants. The result showed that shoot length significantly increased in plants inoculated with bacterial isolates up to 15% (GREB3), 16% (GRRB3), and 24% (SPSB2), respectively, compared to the control. The SPSB2 strain was particularly effective in promoting plant growth and alleviating salt stress. All the isolates exhibited a more promotory effect on root length than shoot length. Under salt stress conditions, the GRRB3 strain significantly impacted root length, leading to a boost of up to 6%, 5%, and 3.8% at 150 mM, 300 mM, and seawater stress levels, respectively. The bacterial isolates also positively impacted the plant's secondary metabolites and antioxidant enzymes. The study also identified the WDREB2 gene as highly upregulated under salt stress, whereas DREB6 was downregulated. These findings demonstrate the potential of beneficial microbes as a sustainable approach to mitigate salinity stress in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aizaz
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lubna
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
| | - Ibrahim Khan
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Rahmatullah Jan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Saleem Asif
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Agriculture Extension, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed AL-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Tsalgatidou PC, Thomloudi EE, Delis C, Nifakos K, Zambounis A, Venieraki A, Katinakis P. Compatible Consortium of Endophytic Bacillus halotolerans Strains Cal.l.30 and Cal.f.4 Promotes Plant Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance against Botrytis cinerea. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:779. [PMID: 37372064 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating microbial-based alternatives to conventional fungicides and biofertilizers enables us to gain a deeper understanding of the biocontrol and plant growth-promoting activities. Two genetically distinct Bacillus halotolerans strains (Cal.l.30, Cal.f.4) were evaluated for the levels of their compatibility. They were applied individually or in combination under in vitro and greenhouse conditions, using seed bio-priming and soil drenching as inoculum delivery systems, for their plant growth-promoting effect. Our data indicate that application of Cal.l.30 and Cal.f.4 as single strains and as a mixture significantly enhanced growth parameters of Arabidopsis and tomato plants. We investigated whether seed and an additional soil treatment with these strains could induce the expression of defense-related genes in leaves of young tomato seedling plants. These treatments mediated a long lasting, bacterial-mediated, systemic-induced resistance as evidenced by the high levels of expression of RP3, ACO1 and ERF1 genes in the leaves of young tomato seedlings. Furthermore, we presented data showing that seed and soil treatment with B. halotolerans strains resulted in an effective inhibition of Botrytis cinerea attack and development on tomato leaves. Our findings highlighted the potential of B. halotolerans strains as they combine both direct antifungal activity against plant pathogens and the ability to prime plant innate immunity and enhance plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina C Tsalgatidou
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Eirini-Evangelia Thomloudi
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Delis
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Kallimachos Nifakos
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Antonios Zambounis
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization 'ELGO DIMITRA', 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Venieraki
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Katinakis
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
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Gómez-Godínez LJ, Aguirre-Noyola JL, Martínez-Romero E, Arteaga-Garibay RI, Ireta-Moreno J, Ruvalcaba-Gómez JM. A Look at Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1668. [PMID: 37111891 PMCID: PMC10145503 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria have been used to increase crop yields. For their application on crops, bacteria are provided in inoculant formulations that are continuously changing, with liquid- and solid-based products. Bacteria for inoculants are mainly selected from natural isolates. In nature, microorganisms that favor plants exhibit various strategies to succeed and prevail in the rhizosphere, such as biological nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and siderophore production. On the other hand, plants have strategies to maintain beneficial microorganisms, such as the exudation of chemoattractanst for specific microorganisms and signaling pathways that regulate plant-bacteria interactions. Transcriptomic approaches are helpful in attempting to elucidate plant-microorganism interactions. Here, we present a review of these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Jacqueline Gómez-Godínez
- Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Luis Aguirre-Noyola
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Esperanza Martínez-Romero
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ramón Ignacio Arteaga-Garibay
- Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Javier Ireta-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Regional Pacífico Centro, Centro Altos Jalisco, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Tepatitlán de Morelos 2470, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Martín Ruvalcaba-Gómez
- Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico
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Benchlih S, Esmaeel Q, Aberkani K, Tahiri A, Belabess Z, Lahlali R, Barka EA. Modes of Action of Biocontrol Agents and Elicitors for sustainable Protection against Bacterial Canker of Tomato. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030726. [PMID: 36985299 PMCID: PMC10054590 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato is one of the world’s most commonly grown and consumed vegetables. However, it can be attacked by the Gram-positive bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), which causes bacterial canker on tomato plants, resulting in significant financial losses in field production and greenhouses worldwide. The current management strategies rely principally on the application of various chemical pesticides and antibiotics, which represent a real danger to the environment and human safety. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have emerged as an attractive alternative to agrochemical crop protection methods. PGPR act through several mechanisms to support plant growth and performance, while also preventing pathogen infection. This review highlights the importance of bacterial canker disease and the pathogenicity of Cmm. We emphasize the application of PGPR as an ecological and cost-effective approach to the biocontrol of Cmm, specifying the complex modes of biocontrol agents (BCAs), and presenting their direct/indirect mechanisms of action that enable them to effectively protect tomato crops. Pseudomonas and Bacillus are considered to be the most interesting PGPR species for the biological control of Cmm worldwide. Improving plants’ innate defense mechanisms is one of the main biocontrol mechanisms of PGPR to manage bacterial canker and to limit its occurrence and gravity. Herein, we further discuss elicitors as a new management strategy to control Cmm, which are found to be highly effective in stimulating the plant immune system, decreasing disease severity, and minimizing pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Benchlih
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km 10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bio-Protection des Plantes-EA 4707-USC INRAE1488, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
- Faculté Poly-Disciplinaire de Nador, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Qassim Esmaeel
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bio-Protection des Plantes-EA 4707-USC INRAE1488, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Kamal Aberkani
- Faculté Poly-Disciplinaire de Nador, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Abdessalem Tahiri
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km 10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco
| | - Zineb Belabess
- Plant Protection Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Km 13, Route Haj Kaddour, BP.578, Meknes 50001, Morocco
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km 10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bio-Protection des Plantes-EA 4707-USC INRAE1488, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (E.A.B.)
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Nishioka T, Takai Y, Mishima T, Tanimoto H, Okada K, Misawa T, Kusakari S. Inactivation efficacy of low-pressure plasma treatment against seed-borne tomato pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis and effect of seed setting position and mesh sheet usage. JOURNAL OF MICROORGANISM CONTROL 2023; 28:123-128. [PMID: 37866894 DOI: 10.4265/jmc.28.3_123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Clavibacter michiganensis, a gram-positive actinomycete, is a major seed-borne tomato pathogen. We investigated the inactivation efficacy of low-pressure plasma treatment against C. michiganensis inoculated on tomato seeds by placing them on a mesh sheet above the bottom dielectric glass plate. The 2- and 5-minute plasma treatment reduced C. michiganensis populations on the tomato seeds by 0.8 and 1.8 log cfu/seed, respectively. The reduction rates were similar to those of C. michiganensis on shirona (cruciferous) seeds, which have different shapes and surface structures. In contrast, the inactivation of C. michiganensis cells using plasma was more difficult than that of X. campestris cells. Additionally, it was found that placing seeds on a mesh sheet laid on the dielectric glass plate was remarkably effective in inactivating the pathogens on tomato seeds. Since the tomato seeds were susceptible to damage from plasma treatment, methods to reduce its damage need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terumi Nishioka
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture
| | - Yuichiro Takai
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture
| | - Tomoko Mishima
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture
- Present address: Industrial Technology Center of Nagasaki
| | - Hideo Tanimoto
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture
| | - Kiyotsugu Okada
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture
| | | | - Shinichi Kusakari
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture
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Khanna K, Kohli SK, Sharma N, Kour J, Devi K, Bhardwaj T, Dhiman S, Singh AD, Sharma N, Sharma A, Ohri P, Bhardwaj R, Ahmad P, Alam P, Albalawi TH. Phytomicrobiome communications: Novel implications for stress resistance in plants. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:912701. [PMID: 36274695 PMCID: PMC9583171 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.912701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The agricultural sector is a foremost contributing factor in supplying food at the global scale. There are plethora of biotic as well as abiotic stressors that act as major constraints for the agricultural sector in terms of global food demand, quality, and security. Stresses affect rhizosphere and their communities, root growth, plant health, and productivity. They also alter numerous plant physiological and metabolic processes. Moreover, they impact transcriptomic and metabolomic changes, causing alteration in root exudates and affecting microbial communities. Since the evolution of hazardous pesticides and fertilizers, productivity has experienced elevation but at the cost of impeding soil fertility thereby causing environmental pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to develop sustainable and safe means for crop production. The emergence of various pieces of evidence depicting the alterations and abundance of microbes under stressed conditions proved to be beneficial and outstanding for maintaining plant legacy and stimulating their survival. Beneficial microbes offer a great potential for plant growth during stresses in an economical manner. Moreover, they promote plant growth with regulating phytohormones, nutrient acquisition, siderophore synthesis, and induce antioxidant system. Besides, acquired or induced systemic resistance also counteracts biotic stresses. The phytomicrobiome exploration is crucial to determine the growth-promoting traits, colonization, and protection of plants from adversities caused by stresses. Further, the intercommunications among rhizosphere through a direct/indirect manner facilitate growth and form complex network. The phytomicrobiome communications are essential for promoting sustainable agriculture where microbes act as ecological engineers for environment. In this review, we have reviewed our building knowledge about the role of microbes in plant defense and stress-mediated alterations within the phytomicrobiomes. We have depicted the defense biome concept that infers the design of phytomicrobiome communities and their fundamental knowledge about plant-microbe interactions for developing plant probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Nandni Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Jaspreet Kour
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Kamini Devi
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Tamanna Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Shalini Dhiman
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Arun Dev Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Neerja Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H. Albalawi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Zhu L, Huang J, Lu X, Zhou C. Development of plant systemic resistance by beneficial rhizobacteria: Recognition, initiation, elicitation and regulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:952397. [PMID: 36017257 PMCID: PMC9396261 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.952397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A plant growing in nature is not an individual, but it holds an intricate community of plants and microbes with relatively stable partnerships. The microbial community has recently been demonstrated to be closely linked with plants since their earliest evolution, to help early land plants adapt to environmental threats. Mounting evidence has indicated that plants can release diverse kinds of signal molecules to attract beneficial bacteria for mediating the activities of their genetics and biochemistry. Several rhizobacterial strains can promote plant growth and enhance the ability of plants to withstand pathogenic attacks causing various diseases and loss in crop productivity. Beneficial rhizobacteria are generally called as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that induce systemic resistance (ISR) against pathogen infection. These ISR-eliciting microbes can mediate the morphological, physiological and molecular responses of plants. In the last decade, the mechanisms of microbial signals, plant receptors, and hormone signaling pathways involved in the process of PGPR-induced ISR in plants have been well investigated. In this review, plant recognition, microbial elicitors, and the related pathways during plant-microbe interactions are discussed, with highlights on the roles of root hair-specific syntaxins and small RNAs in the regulation of the PGPR-induced ISR in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiameng Huang
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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9
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An C, Ma S, Liu C, Ding H, Xue W. Burkholderia ambifaria XN08: A plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium with biocontrol potential against sharp eyespot in wheat. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:906724. [PMID: 35966702 PMCID: PMC9368319 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.906724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been considered promising biological agents to increase crop yields for years. However, the successful application of PGPB for biocontrol of sharp eyespot in wheat has been limited, partly by the lack of knowledge of the ecological/environmental factors affecting the colonization, prevalence, and activity of beneficial bacteria on the crop. In this study, an endophytic bacterium XN08 with antagonistic activity against Rhizoctonia cerealis (wheat sharp eyespot pathogenic fungus), isolated from healthy wheat plants, was identified as Burkholderia ambifaria according to the sequence analysis of 16S rRNA. The antibiotic synthesis gene amplification and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) analyses were used to characterize the secondary metabolites. The results showed that the known powerful antifungal compound named pyrrolnitrin was produced by the strain XN08. In addition, B. ambifaria XN08 also showed the capacity for phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), protease, and siderophore production in vitro. In the pot experiments, a derivate strain carrying the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was used to observe its colonization in wheat plants. The results showed that GFP-tagged B. ambifaria could colonize wheat tissues effectively. This significant colonization was accompanied by an enhancement of wheat plants' growth and an induction of immune resistance for wheat seedlings, which was revealed by the higher activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). As far as we know, this is the first report describing the colonization traits of B. ambifaria in wheat plants. In addition, our results indicated that B. ambifaria XN08 might serve as a new effective biocontrol agent against wheat sharp eyespot disease caused by R. cerealis.
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Mundim GDSM, Maciel GM, Mendes GDO. Aspergillus niger as a Biological Input for Improving Vegetable Seedling Production. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040674. [PMID: 35456725 PMCID: PMC9028576 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential of Aspergillus niger as an inoculant for growth promotion of vegetable seedlings. Seven vegetable species were evaluated in independent experiments carried out in 22 + 1 factorial schemes, with two doses of conidia (102 and 106 per plant) applied in two inoculation methods (seed treatment and in-furrow granular application), plus an uninoculated control. Experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. Growth parameters evaluated were shoot length, stem diameter, root volume, total root length, shoot and root fresh mass, shoot and root dry mass, and total dry mass. Regardless of the dose and inoculation method, seedlings inoculated with A. niger showed higher growth than uninoculated ones for all crops. The highest relative increase promoted by the fungus was observed for aboveground parts, increasing the production of shoot fresh mass of lettuce (61%), kale (40%), scarlet eggplant (101%), watermelon (38%), melon (16%), pepper (92%), and tomato (42%). Aspergillus niger inoculation also increased seedling root growth of lettuce, pepper, scarlet eggplant, watermelon, and tomato. This research shows that A. niger boosts the growth of all analyzed vegetables, appearing as a promising bio-input for vegetable seedling production.
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Alginate-Induced Disease Resistance in Plants. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040661. [PMID: 35215573 PMCID: PMC8875150 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are continuously exposed to a wide range of pathogens, including fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and viruses; therefore, survival under these conditions requires a sophisticated defense system. The activation of defense responses and related signals in plants is regulated mainly by the hormones salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene. Resistance to pathogen infection can be induced in plants by various biotic and abiotic agents. For many years, the use of abiotic plant resistance inducers has been considered in integrated disease management programs. Recently, natural inducer compounds, such as alginates, have become a focus of interest due to their environmentally friendly nature and their ability to stimulate plant defense mechanisms and enhance growth. Polysaccharides and the oligosaccharides derived from them are examples of eco-compatible compounds that can enhance plant growth while also inducing plant resistance against pathogens and triggering the expression of the salicylic acid-dependent defense pathway.
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Jang H, Kim ST, Sang MK. Suppressive Effect of Bioactive Extracts of Bacillus sp. H8-1 and Bacillus sp. K203 on Tomato Wilt Caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020403. [PMID: 35208859 PMCID: PMC8880269 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomatoes are cultivated worldwide, and are economically important. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) is a pathogen that causes canker and wilting in tomatoes, resulting in serious damage to tomato plants. We aimed to control Cmm proliferation using substances produced by useful microorganisms. The water extracts of strains H8-1 and K203 inhibited wilting caused by Cmm and slowed the pathogenic colonization in tomato plants. The relative expressions of celA, celB, pat1, and pelA of Cmm treated with the bacterial water extracts were reduced by 0.41-, 0.01-, 0.15-, and 0.14-fold for H8-1, respectively, and 0.45-, 0.02-, 0.13-, and 0.13-fold for K203, respectively, compared to controls at 72 h after treatments. In tomato plants inoculated with Cmm, when water extracts of H8-1 and K203 were treated, relative expression of ACO encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase was suppressed by 0.26- and 0.23-fold, respectively, while PR1a was increased by 1.94- and 2.94-fold, respectively; PI2 expression was increased by 3.27-fold in water extract of H8-1-treated plants. As antioxidant enzymes of plants inoculated with Cmm, peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase levels were increased in K203-water-extract-treated plants, and catalase was increased in the case of the H8-1 water extract at 10 days after inoculation. In terms of soil enzyme activity, each water extract tended to increase urease activity and microbial diversity; in addition, K203 water extract increased plant growth. Thus, H8-1 and K203 water extracts can be used as potential biocontrol agents against Cmm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwajin Jang
- Division of Agricultural Microbiology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.J.); (S.T.K.)
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Sang Tae Kim
- Division of Agricultural Microbiology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.J.); (S.T.K.)
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Mee Kyung Sang
- Division of Agricultural Microbiology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.J.); (S.T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-238-3055; Fax: +82-63-238-3834
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Abebe AM, Oh CS, Kim HT, Choi G, Seo E, Yeam I, Lee JM. QTL-Seq Analysis for Identification of Resistance Loci to Bacterial Canker in Tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:809959. [PMID: 35154207 PMCID: PMC8826648 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.809959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis (Cm) is one of the most economically important vascular diseases causing unilateral leaf wilting, stem canker, a bird's-eye lesion on fruit, and whole plant wilting in tomato. There is no commercially available cultivar with bacterial canker resistance, and genomics-assisted breeding can accelerate the development of cultivars with enhanced resistance. Solanum lycopersicum "Hawaii 7998" was found to show bacterial canker resistance. A Quantitative trait loci (QTL)-seq was performed to identify the resistance loci using 909 F2 individuals derived from a cross between S. lycopersicum "E6203" (susceptible) and "Hawaii 7998," and a genomic region (37.24-41.15 Mb) associated with bacterial canker resistance on chromosome 6 (Rcm6) was found. To dissect the Rcm6 region, 12 markers were developed and several markers were associated with the resistance phenotypes. Among the markers, the Rcm6-9 genotype completely matched with the phenotype in the 47 cultivars. To further validate the Rcm6 as a resistance locus and the Rcm6-9 efficiency, subsequent analysis using F2 and F3 progenies was conducted. The progeny individuals with homozygous resistance allele at the Rcm6-9 showed significantly lower disease severity than those possessing homozygous susceptibility alleles. Genomes of five susceptible and two resistant cultivars were analyzed and previously known R-genes were selected to find candidate genes for Rcm6. Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat, receptor-like kinase, and receptor-like protein were identified to have putative functional mutations and show differential expression upon the Cm infection. The DNA markers and candidate genes will facilitate marker-assisted breeding and provide genetic insight of bacterial canker resistance in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alebel Mekuriaw Abebe
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chang-Sik Oh
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hyoung Tae Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Giwon Choi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eunyoung Seo
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Inhwa Yeam
- Department of Horticulture and Breeding, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - Je Min Lee
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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El-Saadony MT, Saad AM, Soliman SM, Salem HM, Ahmed AI, Mahmood M, El-Tahan AM, Ebrahim AAM, Abd El-Mageed TA, Negm SH, Selim S, Babalghith AO, Elrys AS, El-Tarabily KA, AbuQamar SF. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms as biocontrol agents of plant diseases: Mechanisms, challenges and future perspectives. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:923880. [PMID: 36275556 PMCID: PMC9583655 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.923880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant diseases and pests are risk factors that threaten global food security. Excessive chemical pesticide applications are commonly used to reduce the effects of plant diseases caused by bacterial and fungal pathogens. A major concern, as we strive toward more sustainable agriculture, is to increase crop yields for the increasing population. Microbial biological control agents (MBCAs) have proved their efficacy to be a green strategy to manage plant diseases, stimulate plant growth and performance, and increase yield. Besides their role in growth enhancement, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria/fungi (PGPR/PGPF) could suppress plant diseases by producing inhibitory chemicals and inducing immune responses in plants against phytopathogens. As biofertilizers and biopesticides, PGPR and PGPF are considered as feasible, attractive economic approach for sustainable agriculture; thus, resulting in a "win-win" situation. Several PGPR and PGPF strains have been identified as effective BCAs under environmentally controlled conditions. In general, any MBCA must overcome certain challenges before it can be registered or widely utilized to control diseases/pests. Successful MBCAs offer a practical solution to improve greenhouse crop performance with reduced fertilizer inputs and chemical pesticide applications. This current review aims to fill the gap in the current knowledge of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM), provide attention about the scientific basis for policy development, and recommend further research related to the applications of PGPM used for commercial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Soliman M. Soliman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alshaymaa I. Ahmed
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohsin Mahmood
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Amira M. El-Tahan
- Plant Production Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Alia A. M. Ebrahim
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Genomics, School, of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Taia A. Abd El-Mageed
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa H. Negm
- Department of Home Economic, Specific Education Faculty, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad O. Babalghith
- Medical Genetics Department, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. Elrys
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Khaled A. El-Tarabily,
| | - Synan F. AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Synan F. AbuQamar,
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Xu W, Xu L, Deng X, Goodwin PH, Xia M, Zhang J, Wang Q, Sun R, Pan Y, Wu C, Yang L. Biological Control of Take-All and Growth Promotion in Wheat by Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10. Pathogens 2021; 10:903. [PMID: 34358053 PMCID: PMC8308743 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is a worldwide staple food crop, and take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici can lead to a tremendous decrease in wheat yield and quality. In this study, strain YB-10 was isolated from wheat rhizospheric soil and identified as Pseudomonas chlororaphis by morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 had extracellular protease and cellulase activities and strongly inhibited the mycelium growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in dual cultures. Up to 87% efficacy of Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 in controlling the take-all of seedlings was observed in pot experiments when wheat seed was coated with the bacterium. Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 was also positive for indole acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production, and coating wheat seed with the bacterium significantly promoted the growth of seedlings at 107 and 108 CFU/mL. Furthermore, treatment with Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 increased activities of the wheat defense-related enzymes POD, SOD, CAT, PAL and PPO in seedlings, indicating induced resistance against pathogens. Overall, Pseudomonas chlororaphis YB-10 is a promising new seed-coating agent to both promote wheat growth and suppress take-all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (W.X.); (X.D.); (M.X.); (J.Z.); (R.S.); (Y.P.); (C.W.)
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Protection, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
| | - Xiaoxu Deng
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (W.X.); (X.D.); (M.X.); (J.Z.); (R.S.); (Y.P.); (C.W.)
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Protection, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Paul H. Goodwin
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada;
| | - Mingcong Xia
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (W.X.); (X.D.); (M.X.); (J.Z.); (R.S.); (Y.P.); (C.W.)
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Protection, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (W.X.); (X.D.); (M.X.); (J.Z.); (R.S.); (Y.P.); (C.W.)
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Protection, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Runhong Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (W.X.); (X.D.); (M.X.); (J.Z.); (R.S.); (Y.P.); (C.W.)
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Protection, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yamei Pan
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (W.X.); (X.D.); (M.X.); (J.Z.); (R.S.); (Y.P.); (C.W.)
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Protection, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (W.X.); (X.D.); (M.X.); (J.Z.); (R.S.); (Y.P.); (C.W.)
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Protection, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (W.X.); (X.D.); (M.X.); (J.Z.); (R.S.); (Y.P.); (C.W.)
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Protection, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Shah A, Nazari M, Antar M, Msimbira LA, Naamala J, Lyu D, Rabileh M, Zajonc J, Smith DL. PGPR in Agriculture: A Sustainable Approach to Increasing Climate Change Resilience. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.667546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing environmental concerns are potentially narrowing global yield capacity of agricultural systems. Climate change is the most significant problem the world is currently facing. To meet global food demand, food production must be doubled by 2050; over exploitation of arable lands using unsustainable techniques might resolve food demand issues, but they have negative environmental effects. Current crop production systems are a major reason for changing global climate through diminishing biodiversity, physical and chemical soil degradation, and water pollution. The over application of fertilizers and pesticides contribute to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and toxic soil depositions. At this crucial time, there is a pressing need to transition to more sustainable crop production practices, ones that concentrate more on promoting sustainable mechanisms, which enable crops to grow well in resource limited and environmentally challenging environments, and also develop crops with greater resource use efficiency that have optimum sustainable yields across a wider array of environmental conditions. The phytomicrobiome is considered as one of the best strategies; a better alternative for sustainable agriculture, and a viable solution to meet the twin challenges of global food security and environmental stability. Use of the phytomicrobiome, due to its sustainable and environmentally friendly mechanisms of plant growth promotion, is becoming more widespread in the agricultural industry. Therefore, in this review, we emphasize the contribution of beneficial phytomicrobiome members, particularly plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as a strategy to sustainable improvement of plant growth and production in the face of climate change. Also, the roles of soil dwelling microbes in stress amelioration, nutrient supply (nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization), and phytohormone production along with the factors that could potentially affect their efficiency have been discussed extensively. Lastly, limitations to expansion and use of biobased techniques, for instance, the perspective of crop producers, indigenous microbial competition and regulatory approval are discussed. This review largely focusses on the importance and need of sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches such as biobased/PGPR-based techniques in our agricultural systems, especially in the context of current climate change conditions, which are almost certain to worsen in near future.
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Pseudomonas entomophila 23S Produces a Novel Antagonistic Compound against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, a Pathogen of Tomato Bacterial Canker. Appl Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol1010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biopesticides, which consist of antagonistic microorganisms, or the bioactive compounds they produce offer attractive alternatives to synthetic agrochemicals as a means of reducing plant diseases in crop production systems. In our previous study, a strain of Pseudomonas entomophila 23S was reported to have a strong antagonistic activity toward Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), a pathogen of tomato bacterial canker disease, which causes serious damage to the tomato production industry. This study focused on purification and characterization of the anti-Cmm compound(s) produced by P. entomophila 23S. The cell-free supernatant was first subjected to butanol extraction, fractioned by solid-phase extraction (SPE), and purified by high-performance liquid-chromatography (HPLC). The semi-preparative purified compounds retained anti-Cmm activity. These compounds were then characterized by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Two anti-Cmm compounds, C15H16N2O and C16H18N2O, were isolated by this procedure. From the LC/MS spectra, the compounds were predicted to have an isoquinoline ring, the presence of which was confirmed by NMR. The compounds differed with respect to the presence of a methyl group in a side chain. In addition, P. entomophila 23S grown in different culture media produced the greatest amounts of these anti-Cmm compounds when in Nutrient Broth (NB), where bacterial growth was the slowest. NB composition is more favorable in stimulating P. entomophila 23S to produce higher amounts of these anti-Cmm compounds.
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18
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Jiao X, Takishita Y, Zhou G, Smith DL. Plant Associated Rhizobacteria for Biocontrol and Plant Growth Enhancement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:634796. [PMID: 33815442 PMCID: PMC8009966 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.634796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crop disease remains a major problem to global food production. Excess use of pesticides through chemical disease control measures is a serious problem for sustainable agriculture as we struggle for higher crop productivity. The use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a proven environment friendly way of controlling plant disease and increasing crop yield. PGPR suppress diseases by directly synthesizing pathogen-antagonizing compounds, as well as by triggering plant immune responses. It is possible to identify and develop PGPR that both suppress plant disease and more directly stimulate plant growth, bringing dual benefit. A number of PGPR have been registered for commercial use under greenhouse and field conditions and a large number of strains have been identified and proved as effective biocontrol agents (BCAs) under environmentally controlled conditions. However, there are still a number of challenges before registration, large-scale application, and adoption of PGPR for the pest and disease management. Successful BCAs provide strong theoretical and practical support for application of PGPR in greenhouse production, which ensures the feasibility and efficacy of PGPR for commercial horticulture production. This could be pave the way for widespread use of BCAs in agriculture, including under field conditions, to assist with both disease management and climate change conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Jiao
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yoko Takishita
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Donald L. Smith
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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A Novel Isolate of Bacillus cereus Promotes Growth in Tomato and Inhibits Clavibacter michiganensis Infection under Greenhouse Conditions. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030506. [PMID: 33803105 PMCID: PMC8001772 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The need to produce food in a sustainable way to counteract the effects of excessive use of agrochemicals opens the door to the generation of new technologies that are not based on fossil fuels and are less toxic to ecosystems. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) could represent an alternative to chemical biofertilizers and pesticides offering protection for biotic and abiotic stresses. In this work, a bacterial isolate from roots of castor bean (Ricinus communis) was identified and named as Bacillus cereus strain “Amazcala” (B.c-A). This isolate displayed the ability to solubilize inorganic phosphate and produce gibberellic acid (GA3). Moreover, this bacterium provided significant increases in height, stem width, dry weight, and total chlorophyll content in tomato plants. Interestingly, B.c-A also significantly decreased the severity of bacterial canker disease on tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis (Cmm) in preventive disease assays under greenhouse conditions. Based on our results, B.c-A can be considered as PGPB and a useful tool in Cmm disease control on tomato plant under greenhouse conditions.
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Zhou C, Zhu J, Qian N, Guo J, Yan C. Bacillus subtilis SL18r Induces Tomato Resistance Against Botrytis cinerea, Involving Activation of Long Non-coding RNA, MSTRG18363, to Decoy miR1918. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:634819. [PMID: 33613592 PMCID: PMC7887324 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.634819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence has indicated that beneficial rhizobacteria can suppress foliar pathogen invasion via elicitation of induced systemic resistance (ISR). However, it remains elusive whether long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the mediation of the rhizobacteria-primed ISR processes in plants. Herein, we demonstrated the ability of the rhizobacterial strain Bacillus subtilis SL18r to trigger ISR in tomato plants against the foliar pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) between the non-inoculated and SL18r-inoculated plants. Among these DELs, four variants of MSTRG18363 possessed conserved binding sites for miR1918, which negatively regulates immune systems in tomato plants. The expression of MSTRG18363 in tomato leaves was significantly induced by SL18r inoculation. The transcription of MSTRG18363 was negatively correlated with the expression of miR1918, but displayed a positive correlation with the transcription of the RING-H2 finger gene SlATL20 (a target gene of miR1918). Moreover, MSTRG18363-overexpressing plants exhibited the enhanced disease resistance, reduction of miR1918 transcripts, and marked increases of SlATL20 expression. However, the SL18r-induced disease resistance was largely impaired in the MSTRG18363-silenced plants. VIGS-mediated SlATL20 silencing also greatly weakened the SL18r-induced disease resistance. Collectively, our results suggested that induction of MSTRG18363 expression in tomato plants by SL18r was conducive to promoting the decoy of miR1918 and regulating the expression of SlATL20, thereby provoking the ISR responses against foliar pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
| | - Nana Qian
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiansheng Guo
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congsheng Yan
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
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Nan J, Zhang S, Jiang L. Antibacterial Potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GJ1 against Citrus Huanglongbing. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020261. [PMID: 33572917 PMCID: PMC7910844 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Citrus huanglongbing (HLB) is a destructive disease caused by Candidatus Liberibacter species and is a serious global concern for the citrus industry. To date, there is no established strategy for control of this disease. Previously, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GJ1 was screened as the biocontrol agent against HLB. In this study, two-year-old citrus infected by Ca. L. asiaticus were treated with B. amyloliquefaciens GJ1 solution via root irrigation. In these plants, after seven irrigation treatments, the results indicated that the photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll content, resistance-associated enzyme content and the expression of defense-related genes were significantly higher than for the plants treated with the same volume water. The content of starch and soluble sugar were significantly lower, compared to the control treatment. The parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) results revealed that treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens GJ1 solution, the expression levels of 3 proteins with photosynthetic function were upregulated in citrus leaves. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in citrus leaves treated with B. amyloliquefaciens GJ1 flag22 was significantly higher than untreated plants and induced the defense-related gene expression in citrus. Finally, surfactin was identified from the fermentation broth of B. amyloliquefaciens GJ1 by high-performance liquid chromatography. These results indicate that B. amyloliquefaciens GJ1 may improve the immunity of citrus by increasing the photosynthesis and enhancing the expression of the resistance-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nan
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Shaoran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Knowledge of the agricultural soil microbiota, of the microbial consortia that comprise it, and the promotion of agricultural practices that maintain and encourage them, is a promising way to improve soil quality for sustainable agriculture and to provide food security. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of beneficial soil microorganisms on crop yields and quality, the use of microbial consortia in agriculture remains low. Microbial consortia have more properties than an individual microbial inoculum, due to the synergy of the microorganisms that populate them. This review describes the main characteristics, ecosystem functions, crop benefits, and biotechnological applications of microbial consortia composed of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and Actinobacteria, to promote the restoration of agricultural soils and, consequently, the quality and health of agricultural crops. The aim is to provide knowledge that will contribute to the development of sustainable and sufficiently productive agriculture, which will adapt in a good way to the pace of the growing human population and to climate change.
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23
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Relevance of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms and Their Derived Compounds, in the Face of Climate Change. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10081179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Climate change has already affected food security in many parts of the world, and this situation will worsen if nothing is done to combat it. Unfortunately, agriculture is a meaningful driver of climate change, through greenhouse gas emissions from nitrogen-based fertilizer, methane from animals and animal manure, as well as deforestation to obtain more land for agriculture. Therefore, the global agricultural sector should minimize greenhouse gas emissions in order to slow climate change. The objective of this review is to point out the various ways plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPM) can be used to enhance crop production amidst climate change challenges, and effects of climate change on more conventional challenges, such as: weeds, pests, pathogens, salinity, drought, etc. Current knowledge regarding microbial inoculant technology is discussed. Pros and cons of single inoculants, microbial consortia and microbial compounds are discussed. A range of microbes and microbe derived compounds that have been reported to enhance plant growth amidst a range of biotic and abiotic stresses, and microbe-based products that are already on the market as agroinputs, are a focus. This review will provide the reader with a clearer understanding of current trends in microbial inoculants and how they can be used to enhance crop production amidst climate change challenges.
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Fan D, Subramanian S, Smith DL. Plant endophytes promote growth and alleviate salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12740. [PMID: 32728116 PMCID: PMC7391687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a functionally diverse group of microbes having immense potential as biostimulants and stress alleviators. Their exploitation in agro-ecosystems as an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative to traditional chemical inputs may positively affect agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. The present study describes selected rhizobacteria, from a range of origins, having plant growth promoting potential under controlled conditions. A total of 98 isolates (ectophytic or endophytic) from various crop and uncultivated plants were screened, out of which four endophytes (n, L, K and Y) from Phalaris arundinacea, Solanum dulcamara, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, and Glycine max, respectively, were selected in vitro for their vegetative growth stimulating effects on Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 seedlings with regard to leaf surface area and shoot fresh weight. A 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of the strains indicated that these isolates belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Mucilaginibacter and Rhizobium. Strains were then further tested for their effects on abiotic stress alleviation under both Petri-plate and pot conditions. Results from Petri-dish assay indicated strains L, K and Y alleviated salt stress in Arabidopsis seedlings, while strains K and Y conferred increases in fresh weight and leaf area under osmotic stress. Results from subsequent in vivo trials indicated all the isolates, especially strains L, K and Y, distinctly increased A. thaliana growth under both normal and high salinity conditions, as compared to control plants. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase), proline content and total antioxidative capacity also differed in the inoculated A. thaliana plants. Furthermore, a study on spatial distribution of the four strains, using either conventional Petri-plate counts or GFP-tagged bacteria, indicated that all four strains were able to colonize the endosphere of A. thaliana root tissue. Thus, the study revealed that the four selected rhizobacteria are good candidates to be explored as plant growth stimulators, which also possess salt stress mitigating property, partially by regulating osmolytes and antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the study is the first report of Scorzoneroides autumnalis (fall dandelion) and Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet) associated endophytes with PGP effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Fan
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Sowmyalakshmi Subramanian
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Donald L Smith
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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25
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Fan D, Subramanian S, Smith DL. Plant endophytes promote growth and alleviate salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Sci Rep 2020. [PMID: 32728116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69713-] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a functionally diverse group of microbes having immense potential as biostimulants and stress alleviators. Their exploitation in agro-ecosystems as an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative to traditional chemical inputs may positively affect agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. The present study describes selected rhizobacteria, from a range of origins, having plant growth promoting potential under controlled conditions. A total of 98 isolates (ectophytic or endophytic) from various crop and uncultivated plants were screened, out of which four endophytes (n, L, K and Y) from Phalaris arundinacea, Solanum dulcamara, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, and Glycine max, respectively, were selected in vitro for their vegetative growth stimulating effects on Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 seedlings with regard to leaf surface area and shoot fresh weight. A 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of the strains indicated that these isolates belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Mucilaginibacter and Rhizobium. Strains were then further tested for their effects on abiotic stress alleviation under both Petri-plate and pot conditions. Results from Petri-dish assay indicated strains L, K and Y alleviated salt stress in Arabidopsis seedlings, while strains K and Y conferred increases in fresh weight and leaf area under osmotic stress. Results from subsequent in vivo trials indicated all the isolates, especially strains L, K and Y, distinctly increased A. thaliana growth under both normal and high salinity conditions, as compared to control plants. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase), proline content and total antioxidative capacity also differed in the inoculated A. thaliana plants. Furthermore, a study on spatial distribution of the four strains, using either conventional Petri-plate counts or GFP-tagged bacteria, indicated that all four strains were able to colonize the endosphere of A. thaliana root tissue. Thus, the study revealed that the four selected rhizobacteria are good candidates to be explored as plant growth stimulators, which also possess salt stress mitigating property, partially by regulating osmolytes and antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the study is the first report of Scorzoneroides autumnalis (fall dandelion) and Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet) associated endophytes with PGP effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Fan
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Sowmyalakshmi Subramanian
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Donald L Smith
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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26
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Bukhat S, Imran A, Javaid S, Shahid M, Majeed A, Naqqash T. Communication of plants with microbial world: Exploring the regulatory networks for PGPR mediated defense signaling. Microbiol Res 2020; 238:126486. [PMID: 32464574 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural manipulation of potentially beneficial rhizosphere microbes is increasing rapidly due to their multi-functional plant-protective and growth related benefits. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are mostly non-pathogenic microbes which exert direct benefits on plants while there are rhizosphere bacteria which indirectly help plant by ameliorating the biotic and/or abiotic stress or induction of defense response in plant. Regulation of these direct or indirect effect takes place via highly specialized communication system induced at multiple levels of interaction i.e., inter-species, intra-species, and inter-kingdom. Studies have provided insights into the functioning of signaling molecules involved in communication and induction of defense responses. Activation of host immune responses upon bacterial infection or rhizobacteria perception requires comprehensive and precise gene expression reprogramming and communication between hosts and microbes. Majority of studies have focused on signaling of host pattern recognition receptors (PRR) and nod-like receptor (NLR) and microbial effector proteins under mining the role of other components such as mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), microRNA, histone deacytylases. The later ones are important regulators of gene expression reprogramming in plant immune responses, pathogen virulence and communications in plant-microbe interactions. During the past decade, inoculation of PGPR has emerged as potential strategy to induce biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants; hence, it is imperative to expose the basis of these interactions. This review discusses microbes and plants derived signaling molecules for their communication, regulatory and signaling networks of PGPR and their different products that are involved in inducing resistance and tolerance in plants against environmental stresses and the effect of defense signaling on root microbiome. We expect that it will lead to the development and exploitation of beneficial microbes as source of crop biofertilizers in climate changing scenario enabling more sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien Bukhat
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800 Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Asma Imran
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Shaista Javaid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore Main Campus, Defense road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Afshan Majeed
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, The University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
| | - Tahir Naqqash
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800 Multan, Pakistan.
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27
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Rosa PAL, Mortinho ES, Jalal A, Galindo FS, Buzetti S, Fernandes GC, Barco Neto M, Pavinato PS, Teixeira Filho MCM. Inoculation With Growth-Promoting Bacteria Associated With the Reduction of Phosphate Fertilization in Sugarcane. FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2020.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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28
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Lyu D, Backer R, Subramanian S, Smith DL. Phytomicrobiome Coordination Signals Hold Potential for Climate Change-Resilient Agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:634. [PMID: 32523595 PMCID: PMC7261841 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A plant growing under natural conditions is always associated with a substantial, diverse, and well-orchestrated community of microbes-the phytomicrobiome. The phytomicrobiome genome is larger and more fluid than that of the plant. The microbes of the phytomicrobiome assist the plant in nutrient uptake, pathogen control, stress management, and overall growth and development. At least some of this is facilitated by the production of signal compounds, both plant-to-microbe and microbe back to the plant. This is best characterized in the legume nitrogen fixing and mycorrhizal symbioses. More recently lipo-chitooligosaccharide (LCO) and thuricin 17, two microbe-to-plant signals, have been shown to regulate stress responses in a wide range of plant species. While thuricin 17 production is constitutive, LCO signals are only produced in response to a signal from the plant. We discuss how some signal compounds will only be discovered when root-associated microbes are exposed to appropriate plant-to-microbe signals (positive regulation), and this might only happen under specific conditions, such as abiotic stress, while others may only be produced in the absence of a particular plant-to-microbe signal molecule (negative regulation). Some phytomicrobiome members only elicit effects in a specific crop species (specialists), while other phytomicrobiome members elicit effects in a wide range of crop species (generalists). We propose that some specialists could exhibit generalist activity when exposed to signals from the correct plant species. The use of microbe-to-plant signals can enhance crop stress tolerance and could result in more climate change resilient agricultural systems.
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29
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Lyu D, Backer R, Robinson WG, Smith DL. Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria for Cannabis Production: Yield, Cannabinoid Profile and Disease Resistance. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1761. [PMID: 31456755 PMCID: PMC6698789 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Legal Cannabis production is now experiencing growing consumer demand due to changing legislation around the world. However, because of heavy restrictions on cannabis cultivation over the past century, little scientific research has been conducted on this crop, in particular around use of members of the phytomicrobiome to improve crop yields. Recent developments in the field of plant science have demonstrated that application of microbes, isolated from the rhizosphere, have enormous potential to improve yields, in particular under stressful growing conditions. This perspective carefully examines the potential for plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to improve marijuana and hemp yield and quality. It then explores the potential use of PGPR for biological control of plant pathogens, which is particularly interesting given the stringent regulation of pesticide residues on this crop. As an industry-relevant example, biocontrol of powdery mildew, a common and deleterious pathogen affecting cannabis production, is assessed. Finally, two PGPR in genera frequently associated with higher plants (Pseudomonas and Bacillus) were selected as case studies for the potential effects on growth promotion and disease biocontrol in commercial cannabis production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Lyu
- Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rachel Backer
- Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Donald L. Smith
- Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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30
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Mohammad HB, Lee SE, Kim MS. Refining a Pathogen's Genome to Know the Enemy Better for the Winning Battles. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1900005. [PMID: 30884182 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Clavibacter michiganensis, subsp. michiganens is a gram positive bacterial pathogen infecting tomato, resulting in the great losses of yield and quality worldwide. Despite its great impact on economics, we do not fully understand the virulence factors from its genome probably due to imperfect genome annotation. Peritore-Galve et al. utilized proteogenomic approach to identify 26 novel protein-coding regions, to extend 59 annotated open reading frames and to confirm protein expression for ≈70% of predicted gene models of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. New findings by the proteogenomics technique were further confirmed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. To win battles with pathogens, it is advantageous to know about our enemies accurately which can be achieved by mass spectrometry-based identifications of novel protein-coding regions in genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sik Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
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31
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Backer R, Rokem JS, Ilangumaran G, Lamont J, Praslickova D, Ricci E, Subramanian S, Smith DL. Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria: Context, Mechanisms of Action, and Roadmap to Commercialization of Biostimulants for Sustainable Agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1473. [PMID: 30405652 PMCID: PMC6206271 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 559] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Microbes of the phytomicrobiome are associated with every plant tissue and, in combination with the plant form the holobiont. Plants regulate the composition and activity of their associated bacterial community carefully. These microbes provide a wide range of services and benefits to the plant; in return, the plant provides the microbial community with reduced carbon and other metabolites. Soils are generally a moist environment, rich in reduced carbon which supports extensive soil microbial communities. The rhizomicrobiome is of great importance to agriculture owing to the rich diversity of root exudates and plant cell debris that attract diverse and unique patterns of microbial colonization. Microbes of the rhizomicrobiome play key roles in nutrient acquisition and assimilation, improved soil texture, secreting, and modulating extracellular molecules such as hormones, secondary metabolites, antibiotics, and various signal compounds, all leading to enhancement of plant growth. The microbes and compounds they secrete constitute valuable biostimulants and play pivotal roles in modulating plant stress responses. Research has demonstrated that inoculating plants with plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) or treating plants with microbe-to-plant signal compounds can be an effective strategy to stimulate crop growth. Furthermore, these strategies can improve crop tolerance for the abiotic stresses (e.g., drought, heat, and salinity) likely to become more frequent as climate change conditions continue to develop. This discovery has resulted in multifunctional PGPR-based formulations for commercial agriculture, to minimize the use of synthetic fertilizers and agrochemicals. This review is an update about the role of PGPR in agriculture, from their collection to commercialization as low-cost commercial agricultural inputs. First, we introduce the concept and role of the phytomicrobiome and the agricultural context underlying food security in the 21st century. Next, mechanisms of plant growth promotion by PGPR are discussed, including signal exchange between plant roots and PGPR and how these relationships modulate plant abiotic stress responses via induced systemic resistance. On the application side, strategies are discussed to improve rhizosphere colonization by PGPR inoculants. The final sections of the paper describe the applications of PGPR in 21st century agriculture and the roadmap to commercialization of a PGPR-based technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Backer
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J. Stefan Rokem
- School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - John Lamont
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dana Praslickova
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emily Ricci
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Donald L. Smith
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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