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Saadaoui W, Tarchoun N, Msetra I, Pavli O, Falleh H, Ayed C, Amami R, Ksouri R, Petropoulos SA. Effects of drought stress induced by D-Mannitol on the germination and early seedling growth traits, physiological parameters and phytochemicals content of Tunisian squash ( Cucurbita maximaDuch.) landraces. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1215394. [PMID: 37600166 PMCID: PMC10432687 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1215394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Drought stress is one of the most devastating environmental stressors, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Considering the major constraints that drought stress poses to crop production and the consequent yield losses in food crops, breeding for climate-resilient crops is an efficient means to mitigate stress conditions. Materials and methods This study aimed at evaluating the response of four squash (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne) landraces to drought stress at germination and at plant stage. Drought stress was induced by different concentrations of D-mannitol (-0.24, -0.47 and -0.73 MPa). The tested parameters at germination stage included germination percentage, seedling vigor index, seed water absorbance and seedling growth potential. At the plant stage, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoids content, chlorophyll fluorescence, evapotranspiration, photosynthesis activity and several biomarkers, namely malondialdehyde, proline, total phenols content, total flavonoids content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were evaluated in both roots and leaves. Results and discussion Our results indicate a magnitude of drought stress effects reflected via repression of germination and seedling growth as well as adjustments in physiological functions at later growth stages, in a genotype depended manner. Among landraces, "751" and "746" showed better performance, as evidenced by higher seed germination and seedling growth potential even at high stress levels (-0.47 and - 0.73 MPa), whereas "747" was the most sensitive landrace to drought stress at both tested stages. In conclusion, our findings highlight the importance of squash landraces selection for the identification of elite genotypes with increased tolerance to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Saadaoui
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Neji Tarchoun
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Insaf Msetra
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ourania Pavli
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Hanen Falleh
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chadha Ayed
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Roua Amami
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Ksouri
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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Ranaivo HN, Lam DT, Ueda Y, Tanaka JP, Takanashi H, Ramanankaja L, Razafimbelo T, Wissuwa M. Corrigendum: QTL mapping for early root and shoot vigor of upland rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under P deficient field conditions in Japan and Madagascar. Front Plant Sci 2023; 13:1123825. [PMID: 36733605 PMCID: PMC9887996 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1123825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1017419.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Harisoa Nicole Ranaivo
- Rice Research Department, National Center for Applied Research on Rural Development (FOFIFA), Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Dinh Thi Lam
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural Science for Southern Vietnam (IAS), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yoshiaki Ueda
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Juan Pariasca Tanaka
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hideki Takanashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tantely Razafimbelo
- Laboratory of Radioisotopes, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Matthias Wissuwa
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
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Mourad AMI, Morgounov A, Baenziger PS, Esmail SM. Genetic Variation in Common Bunt Resistance in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat. Plants (Basel) 2022; 12:2. [PMID: 36616131 PMCID: PMC9824752 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Common bunt (caused by Tilletia caries and T. Foetida) is a major wheat disease. It occurs frequently in the USA and Turkey and damages grain yield and quality. Seed treatment with fungicides is an effective method to control this disease. However, using fungicides in organic and low-income fields is forbidden, and planting resistant cultivars are preferred. Due to the highly effective use of fungicides, little effort has been put into breeding resistant genotypes. In addition, the genetic diversity for this trait is low in modern wheat germplasm. Synthetic wheat genotypes were reported as an effective source to increase the diversity in wheat germplasm. Therefore, a set of 25 synthetics that are resistant to the Turkish common bunt race were evaluated against the Nebraska common bunt race. Four genotypes were found to be very resistant to Nebraska's common bunt race. Using differential lines, four isolines carrying genes, Bt10, Bt11, Bt12, and Btp, were found to provide resistance against both Turkish and Nebraska common bunt races. Genotypes carrying any or all of these four genes could be used as a source of resistance in both countries. No correlation was found between common bunt resistance and some agronomic traits, which suggests that common bunt resistance is an independent trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M. I. Mourad
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Asyut 71526, Egypt
| | - Alexey Morgounov
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 Emek, 06511 Ankara, Turkey
| | - P. Stephen Baenziger
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Plant Science Hall, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Samar M. Esmail
- Wheat Disease Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
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Khan MAH, Baset Mia MA, Quddus MA, Sarker KK, Rahman M, Skalicky M, Brestic M, Gaber A, Alsuhaibani AM, Hossain A. Salinity-Induced Physiological Changes in Pea ( Pisum sativum L.): Germination Rate, Biomass Accumulation, Relative Water Content, Seedling Vigor and Salt Tolerance Index. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3493. [PMID: 36559602 PMCID: PMC9781378 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Salinity affects and limits the yield potential of pulse crops. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the salinity-induced physiological response of field peas by estimating the germination rate (%), accumulation of biomass, relative water content, and seedling vigor and salt tolerance index. The treatments included four salinity levels (NaCl) (i.e., 0 (control), 8, 12, and 16 dS m-1, respectively) and eight field pea genotypes (i.e., BD4175, BD4182, BD4225, BD6944, BD4176, BD4193, BD4493, and BD4496). All treatments were arranged in a factorial completely randomized design and repeated four times. Results indicated that the percentage and rate of germination, percentage reduction of fresh and dry weight, relative water content, seedling vigor index, and salt tolerant index of all genotypes of field peas were influenced significantly by the different levels of salinity. The radicle and plumule of all field pea genotypes were damaged by applying 12 and 16 dS m-1 salt stress. However, among these eight pea genotypes, two genotypes, namely BD4175 and BD4225, performed better under the 8 dS m-1 level of salinity and these two genotypes may be recommended for cultivation in field conditions of saline coastal areas of Bangladesh, and can also be used in future breeding programs for the development of salt-tolerant pea cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ayub Hossain Khan
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Baset Mia
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Quddus
- Soil and Water Management Section, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Khokan Kumer Sarker
- Soil and Water Management Section, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Mohibur Rahman
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani
- Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
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Ranaivo HN, Lam DT, Ueda Y, Pariasca Tanaka J, Takanashi H, Ramanankaja L, Razafimbelo T, Wissuwa M. QTL mapping for early root and shoot vigor of upland rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under P deficient field conditions in Japan and Madagascar. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1017419. [PMID: 36352889 PMCID: PMC9637880 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1017419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Upland rice production is limited by the low phosphorus (P) availability of many highly weathered tropical soils and P deficiency is likely to become increasingly limiting in future drier climates because P mobility decreases sharply with soil moisture. Good seedling root development will be crucial to cope with the combined effects of low P and water availability. Upland rice genebank accession DJ123 was used as a donor for P efficiency and root vigor traits in a cross with inefficient local variety Nerica4 and a set of backcross lines were used to characterize the seedling stage response of upland rice to low P availability and to identify associated QTL in field trials in Japan and Madagascar. Ten QTL were detected for crown root number, root, shoot and total dry weight per plant in a highly P deficient field in Japan using the BC1F3 generation. Of these, qPef9 on chromosome 9 affected multiple traits, increasing root number, root weight and total biomass, whereas a neighboring QTL on chromosome 9 (qPef9-2) increased shoot biomass. Field trials with derived BC1F5 lines in a low-P field in Madagascar confirmed a highly influential region on chromosome 9. However, qPef9-2 appeared more influential than qPef9, as the shoot and root biomass contrast between lines carrying DJ123 or Nerica4 alleles at qPef9-2 was +23.8% and +13.5% compared to +19.2% and +14.4% at qPef9. This advantage increased further during the growing season, leading to 46% higher shoot biomass at the late vegetative stage. Results suggest an introgression between 8.0 and 12.9 Mb on chromosome 9 from P efficient donor DJ123 can improve plant performance under P-limited conditions. The QTL identified here have practical relevance because they were confirmed in the target genetic background of the local variety Nerica4 and can therefore be applied directly to improve its performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harisoa Nicole Ranaivo
- Rice Research Department, National Center for Applied Research on Rural Development (FOFIFA), Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Dinh Thi Lam
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural Science for Southern Vietnam (IAS), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yoshiaki Ueda
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Juan Pariasca Tanaka
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hideki Takanashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tantely Razafimbelo
- Laboratory of Radioisotopes, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Matthias Wissuwa
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
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Mundim GDSM, Maciel GM, Mendes GDO. Aspergillus niger as a Biological Input for Improving Vegetable Seedling Production. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040674. [PMID: 35456725 PMCID: PMC9028576 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential of Aspergillus niger as an inoculant for growth promotion of vegetable seedlings. Seven vegetable species were evaluated in independent experiments carried out in 22 + 1 factorial schemes, with two doses of conidia (102 and 106 per plant) applied in two inoculation methods (seed treatment and in-furrow granular application), plus an uninoculated control. Experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. Growth parameters evaluated were shoot length, stem diameter, root volume, total root length, shoot and root fresh mass, shoot and root dry mass, and total dry mass. Regardless of the dose and inoculation method, seedlings inoculated with A. niger showed higher growth than uninoculated ones for all crops. The highest relative increase promoted by the fungus was observed for aboveground parts, increasing the production of shoot fresh mass of lettuce (61%), kale (40%), scarlet eggplant (101%), watermelon (38%), melon (16%), pepper (92%), and tomato (42%). Aspergillus niger inoculation also increased seedling root growth of lettuce, pepper, scarlet eggplant, watermelon, and tomato. This research shows that A. niger boosts the growth of all analyzed vegetables, appearing as a promising bio-input for vegetable seedling production.
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Ali MH, Sobze JM, Pham TH, Nadeem M, Liu C, Galagedara L, Cheema M, Thomas R. Carbon Nanotubes Improved the Germination and Vigor of Plant Species from Peatland Ecosystem Via Remodeling the Membrane Lipidome. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10091852. [PMID: 32947854 PMCID: PMC7557389 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Application of the nanopriming technique to alleviate seed dormancy has shown promising results in various agricultural crop species. However, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding its potential use in native peatland boreal forest species to alleviate seed dormancy and improve their propagation or vigor for forest reclamation activities. Herein, we demonstrate the use of nanopriming with carbon nanotubes (CNT) to alleviate seed dormancy, improved seed germination, and seedling vigor in two boreal peatland species. Bog birch (Betula pumila L.) and Labrador tea (Rhododendron groenlandicum L.) seeds with embryo or seed coat dormancy were nanoprimed with either 20 or 40 µg/mL CNT, cold stratified at 2–4 °C for 15 days, and allowed to germinate at room temperature. The emerged seedlings’ lipidome was assessed to decipher the role of lipid metabolism in alleviating seed dormancy. We observed significant (p < 0.05) improvement in seedling germination and seedling vigor in seeds primed with multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized with carboxylic acids. Phosphatidylcholine (PC 18:1/18:3), phosphatidylglycerol (PG 16:1/18:3), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC 18:3) molecular species (C18:3 enriched) were observed to be highly correlated with the increased seed germination percentages and the enhanced seedling vigor. Mechanistically, it appears that carbon nanoprimed seeds following stratification are effective in mediating seed dormancy by remodeling the seed membrane lipids (C18:3 enriched PC, PG, and LPC) in both peatland boreal forest species. The study results demonstrate that nanopriming may provide a solution to resolve seed dormancy issues by enhancing seed germination, propagation, and seedling vigor in non-resource boreal forest species ideally suited for forest reclamation following anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Hossen Ali
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Jean-Marie Sobze
- Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, Boreal Research Institute, 8102-99 Avenue, Peace River, AB T8S 1R2, Canada;
| | - Thu Huong Pham
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Lakshman Galagedara
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Mumtaz Cheema
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Raymond Thomas
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (R.T.)
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Ali MH, Sobze JM, Pham TH, Nadeem M, Liu C, Galagedara L, Cheema M, Thomas R. Carbon Nanoparticles Functionalized with Carboxylic Acid Improved the Germination and Seedling Vigor in Upland Boreal Forest Species. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10010176. [PMID: 31968542 PMCID: PMC7023356 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanopriming has been shown to significantly improve seed germination and seedling vigor in several agricultural crops. However, this approach has not been applied to native upland boreal forest species with complex seed dormancy to improve propagation. Herein, we demonstrate the effectiveness of carbon nanoparticles functionalized with carboxylic acids in resolving seed dormancy and improved the propagation of two native upland boreal forest species. Seed priming with carbon nanoparticles functionalized with carboxylic acids followed by stratification were observed to be the most effective in improving germination to 90% in green alder (Alnus viridis L.) compared to 60% in the control. Conversely, a combination of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), especially multiwall carbon nanoparticles functionalized with carboxylic acid (MWCNT–COOH), cold stratification, mechanical scarification and hormonal priming (gibberellic acid) was effective for buffaloberry seeds (Shepherdia canadensis L.). Both concentrations (20 µg and 40 µg) of MWCNT–COOH had a higher percent germination (90%) compared to all other treatments. Furthermore, we observed the improvement in germination, seedling vigor and resolution of both embryo and seed coat dormancy in upland boreal forest species appears to be associated with the remodeling of C18:3 enriched fatty acids in the following seed membrane lipid molecular species: PC18:1/18:3, PG16:1/18:3, PE18:3/18:2, and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG18:3/18:3). These findings suggest that nanopriming may be a useful approach to resolve seed dormancy issues and improve the seed germination in non-resource upland boreal forest species ideally suited for forest reclamation following resource mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Hossen Ali
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Jean-Marie Sobze
- Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, 8102-99 Avenue, Peace River, AL T8S 1R2, Canada;
| | - Thu Huong Pham
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Lakshman Galagedara
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Mumtaz Cheema
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Raymond Thomas
- School of Science and the Environment/Boreal Ecosystem Research Facility, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G5, Canada; (M.H.A.); (T.H.P.); (C.L.); (L.G.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (R.T.)
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Xu L, Guo L, You H, Zhang O, Xiang X. Novel haplotype combinations reveal enhanced seedling vigor traits in rice that can accurately predict dry biomass accumulation in seedlings. Breed Sci 2019; 69:651-657. [PMID: 31988629 PMCID: PMC6977453 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.19087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Seedling vigor is of vital importance for the initial plant establishment of direct-seeded rice. Here, 166 recombinant inbred lines were employed to assess eight seedling vigor traits over the first 25 days of germination. Significant correlations were found between most traits, and statistical analysis has revealed, for the first time, a linear relationship that uses seedling height and fresh weight to accurately predict the accumulation of dry biomass. Further, a subset of 20 lines, spanning the phenotypic range of the larger population, were genotyped by using 16 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers known to be associated with seedling vigor traits. Markers RM317 and RM348 linked with significantly different phenotypes, including seedling height and fresh weight. One combination, haplotype II-1 (RM317 (I/II) and RM348 (1/2)), consistently produced superior values for seedling height, root length, and leaf length. The new prediction tool for seedling dry weight, namely the haplotype of RM317 and RM348, will have a wide range of applications in breeding strategies by using marker-assisted selection to produce elite lines that optimize genetic composition contributing to seedling vigor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Southwest University of Science and Technology,
59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010,
China
| | - Leizhou Guo
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Southwest University of Science and Technology,
59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010,
China
| | - Hui You
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Southwest University of Science and Technology,
59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010,
China
| | - Ouling Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Southwest University of Science and Technology,
59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010,
China
| | - Xunchao Xiang
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Southwest University of Science and Technology,
59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010,
China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province,
Mianyang,
China
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Raviv B, Godwin J, Granot G, Grafi G. The Dead Can Nurture: Novel Insights into the Function of Dead Organs Enclosing Embryos. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2455. [PMID: 30126259 PMCID: PMC6121506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have evolved a variety of dispersal units whereby the embryo is enclosed by various dead protective layers derived from maternal organs of the reproductive system including seed coats (integuments), pericarps (ovary wall, e.g., indehiscent dry fruits) as well as floral bracts (e.g., glumes) in grasses. Commonly, dead organs enclosing embryos (DOEEs) are assumed to provide a physical shield for embryo protection and means for dispersal in the ecosystem. In this review article, we highlight recent studies showing that DOEEs of various species across families also have the capability for long-term storage of various substances including active proteins (hydrolases and ROS detoxifying enzymes), nutrients and metabolites that have the potential to support the embryo during storage in the soil and assist in germination and seedling establishment. We discuss a possible role for DOEEs as natural coatings capable of "engineering" the seed microenvironment for the benefit of the embryo, the seedling and the growing plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buzi Raviv
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel.
| | - James Godwin
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel.
| | - Gila Granot
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel.
| | - Gideon Grafi
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel.
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Zhang A, Liu C, Chen G, Hong K, Gao Y, Tian P, Peng Y, Zhang B, Ruan B, Jiang H, Guo L, Qian Q, Gao Z. Genetic analysis for rice seedling vigor and fine mapping of a major QTL qSSL1b for seedling shoot length. Breed Sci 2017; 67:307-315. [PMID: 28744184 PMCID: PMC5515316 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.16195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Seedling vigor is an important agricultural trait as direct-seeded rice technology becomes widely applied. In order to investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying seedling vigor in rice, seeds of 132 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from 93-11 and PA64s, harvested from Lingshui and Hangzhou were cultivated in the nutrient solution, and four indices for seedling vigor were measured including seedling shoot length (SSL), seedling root length (SRL), seedling wet weight (SWW) and seedling dry weight (SDW). Significant correlations were observed among the indices, and also between 1000-seed weight (TSW) and SWW or SDW. Combined with a high-resolution genetic map generated from sequencing of the RILs, 65 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected on all chromosomes with interval of 1.93 Mb on average. Among 57 QTLs for seedling vigor, 28 were detected from seeds harvested in both sites and 33 were first identified. With BC3F2 derived from 93-11 and a CSSL harboring segments from PA64s in 93-11 background, a major QTL for SSL, qSSL1b was fine mapped within 80.5 kb between two InDel markers. Our study provides a platform for further cloning of the QTL and dissecting the molecular basis for seedling vigor at early seedling stage in rice.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study focuses on finding compounds that are safe to humans and environment, such as propionic and acetic acids that may provide an alternative control of seed-borne pathogens and decrease seed deterioration during storage. The objectives of this study were to reduce sunflower seed deterioration and improve the viability of sunflower seed using environmentally safe organic acids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Propionic and acetic acids were applied on sunflower seed at different concentrations under laboratory conditions during different storage periods. After 6 months storage period, the viability of sunflower seed as well as morphological and physiological characteristics of seedlings were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Laboratory experiment was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design and randomized complete block design for greenhouse experiment. RESULTS Propionic and acetic acids at different concentrations showed inhibitory effects on the presence of different fungal genera in all storage periods. Propionic acid was most effective followed by acetic acid. Increasing storage periods from 0-6 months significantly decreased germination percentage, germination energy, seedling characters, survived healthy seedlings and seed oil and protein percentages but dead and rotted seeds, as well as rotted seedlings were increased. Treating sunflower seeds with propionic acid (100%) improved germination criteria, seedling characters and seed chemical characters as well as survival seedlings and minimized the dead seeds, rotted seeds and rotted seedlings as compared with the control under all storage periods. Under greenhouse conditions, the maximum growth parameter and physiological characters (chlorophylls a, b, carotenoids and total phenols) were recorded from seed treated with 100% propionic acid after 6 months of storage. CONCLUSION It may be concluded that propionic and acetic acids vapors can have considerable fungicidal activity against sunflower pathogens and improve seed viability. Therefore, it is recommended using 100% propionic acid to reduce deterioration and seed-borne pathogens of sunflower under storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aml E A El-Saidy
- Department of Seed Technology Research, Field Crop Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - K M Abd El-Hai
- Department of Leguminous and Forage Crop Diseases, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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Basnet RK, Duwal A, Tiwari DN, Xiao D, Monakhos S, Bucher J, Visser RGF, Groot SPC, Bonnema G, Maliepaard C. Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Seed Germination and Seedling Vigor in Brassica rapa Reveals QTL Hotspots and Epistatic Interactions. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:1032. [PMID: 26648948 PMCID: PMC4664704 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The genetic basis of seed germination and seedling vigor is largely unknown in Brassica species. We performed a study to evaluate the genetic basis of these important traits in a B. rapa doubled haploid population from a cross of a yellow-seeded oil-type yellow sarson and a black-seeded vegetable-type pak choi. We identified 26 QTL regions across all 10 linkage groups for traits related to seed weight, seed germination and seedling vigor under non-stress and salt stress conditions illustrating the polygenic nature of these traits. QTLs for multiple traits co-localized and we identified eight hotspots for quantitative trait loci (QTL) of seed weight, seed germination, and root and shoot lengths. A QTL hotspot for seed germination on A02 mapped at the B. rapa Flowering Locus C (BrFLC2). Another hotspot on A05 with salt stress specific QTLs co-located with the B. rapa Fatty acid desaturase 2 (BrFAD2) locus. Epistatic interactions were observed between QTL hotspots for seed germination on A02 and A10 and with a salt tolerance QTL on A05. These results contribute to the understanding of the genetics of seed quality and seeding vigor in B. rapa and can offer tools for Brassica breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram K. Basnet
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
- Centre for BioSystems GenomicsWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Anita Duwal
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Dev N. Tiwari
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Dong Xiao
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Sokrat Monakhos
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
- Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyMoscow, Russia
| | - Johan Bucher
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Richard G. F. Visser
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
- Centre for BioSystems GenomicsWageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Guusje Bonnema
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
- Centre for BioSystems GenomicsWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Chris Maliepaard
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Chris Maliepaard
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