1
|
Love AC, Tabb V, Youssef NH, Wilder SM, DuRant SE. Effect of dietary macronutrients and immune challenge on gut microbiota, physiology and feeding behaviour in zebra finches. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17428. [PMID: 38837812 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Macronutrients play a vital role in host immunity and can influence host-pathogen dynamics, potentially through dietary effects on gut microbiota. To increase our understanding of how dietary macronutrients affect physiology and gut microbiota and investigate whether feeding behaviour is influenced by an immune threat, we conducted two experiments. First, we determined whether zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) exhibit shifts in physiology and gut microbiota when fed diets differing in macronutrient ratios. We found the type and amount of diet consumed affected gut microbiota alpha diversity, where microbial richness and Shannon diversity increased with caloric intake in birds fed a high-fat diet and decreased with caloric intake in birds fed a high protein diet. Diet macronutrient content did not affect physiological metrics, but lower caloric intake was associated with higher complement activity. In our second experiment, we simulated an infection in birds using the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and quantified feeding behaviour in immune challenged and control individuals, as well as birds housed near either a control pair (no immune threat), or birds housed near a pair given an immune challenge with LPS (social cue of heightened infection risk). We also examined whether social cues of infection alter physiological responses relevant to responding to an immune threat, an effect that could be mediated through shifts in feeding behaviour. LPS induced a reduction in caloric intake driven by a decrease in protein, but not fat consumption. No evidence was found for socially induced shifts in feeding behaviour, physiology or gut microbiota. Our findings carry implications for host health, as sickness-induced anorexia and diet-induced shifts in the microbiome could shape host-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C Love
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Victoria Tabb
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Noha H Youssef
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Shawn M Wilder
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Sarah E DuRant
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Włodarczyk R, Drzewińska-Chańko J, Kamiński M, Meissner W, Rapczyński J, Janik-Superson K, Krawczyk D, Strapagiel D, Ożarowska A, Stępniewska K, Minias P. Stopover habitat selection drives variation in the gut microbiome composition and pathogen acquisition by migrating shorebirds. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiae040. [PMID: 38515294 PMCID: PMC11008731 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-distance host movements play a major regulatory role in shaping microbial communities of their digestive tract. Here, we studied gut microbiota composition during seasonal migration in five shorebird species (Charadrii) that use different migratory (stopover) habitats. Our analyses revealed significant interspecific variation in both composition and diversity of gut microbiome, but the effect of host identity was weak. A strong variation in gut microbiota was observed between coastal and inland (dam reservoir and river valley) stopover habitats within species. Comparisons between host age classes provided support for an increasing alpha diversity of gut microbiota during ontogeny and an age-related remodeling of microbiome composition. There was, however, no correlation between microbiome and diet composition across study species. Finally, we detected high prevalence of avian pathogens, which may cause zoonotic diseases in humans (e.g. Vibrio cholerae) and we identified stopover habitat as one of the major axes of variation in the bacterial pathogen exposure risk in shorebirds. Our study not only sheds new light on ecological processes that shape avian gut microbiota, but also has implications for our better understanding of host-pathogen interface and the role of birds in long-distance transmission of pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Włodarczyk
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation,, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Drzewińska-Chańko
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation,, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Kamiński
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation,, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Meissner
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan Rapczyński
- Forestry Student Scientific Association, Ornithological Section, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Janik-Superson
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Biobank Lab, Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Pomorska 139, 90-235 Łódź, Poland
| | - Dawid Krawczyk
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Dominik Strapagiel
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Biobank Lab, Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Pomorska 139, 90-235 Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ożarowska
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stępniewska
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Minias
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation,, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maraci Ö, Antonatou-Papaioannou A, Jünemann S, Schneeberger K, Schulze M, Scheffler I, Caspers BA. Bats, Bacteria, and Bat Smell V.2.0: Repeatable Sex-Specific Differences in Scent Organ Microbiota. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:55. [PMID: 38530469 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Reproducibility is a fundamental principle in science, ensuring reliable and valid findings. However, replication studies are scarce, particularly in ecology, due to the emphasis on novelty for publication. We explored the possibility of replicating original findings in the field of microbial and chemical ecology by conducting a conceptual replication of a previous study analysing the sex-specific differences in the microbial communities inhabiting the wing sacs, a scent organ with crucial functions in olfactory communication, of greater sac-winged bat (Saccopteryx bilineata). In the original study, the skin swabs from the antebrachial wing sacs of the males and wing sac rudiments of the females were analysed using culture-dependent methods to test sex-specific differences. The authors demonstrated that males have lower microbial richness and different microbial composition than females. We attempted to reproduce these findings using 16S rRNA sequencing, which offers improved accuracy in pinpointing microbial members than culture-dependent methods because of advanced statistical methods. Our study validated the original study's findings: Males had a lower microbial richness, and the community composition differed between the sexes. Furthermore, in the current study, males had an increased abundance of bacteria that might potentially be involved in odour production and degradation of malodorous substances and antimicrobial production. Our conceptual replication study corroborated that microbes can play a role in shaping their host's olfactory phenotype and consequently influence sexual selection. Furthermore, the current study emphasises the importance of replication efforts and hopefully encourages a culture that values replication studies in scientific practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Öncü Maraci
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33619, Bielefeld, Germany.
- Joint Institute for Individualisation in a Changing Environment (JICE), University of Münster and Bielefeld University, Münster, Germany.
| | - Anna Antonatou-Papaioannou
- Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Institute of Biology-Zoology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Köning-Luise-Str. 1-3, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jünemann
- Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-5, Research Center Jülich, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karin Schneeberger
- Animal Ecology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael Schulze
- Animal Ecology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ingo Scheffler
- Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Barbara A Caspers
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33619, Bielefeld, Germany
- Joint Institute for Individualisation in a Changing Environment (JICE), University of Münster and Bielefeld University, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Solomon G, Love AC, Vaziri GJ, Harvey J, Verrett T, Chernicky K, Simons S, Albert L, Chaves JA, Knutie SA. Effect of urbanization and parasitism on the gut microbiota of Darwin's finch nestlings. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:6059-6069. [PMID: 37837269 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Host-associated microbiota can be affected by factors related to environmental change, such as urbanization and invasive species. For example, urban areas often affect food availability for animals, which can change their gut microbiota. Invasive parasites can also influence microbiota through competition or indirectly through a change in the host immune response. These interacting factors can have complex effects on host fitness, but few studies have disentangled the relationship between urbanization and parasitism on an organism's gut microbiota. To address this gap in knowledge, we investigated the effects of urbanization and parasitism by the invasive avian vampire fly (Philornis downsi) on the gut microbiota of nestling small ground finches (Geospiza fuliginosa) on San Cristóbal Island, Galápagos. We conducted a factorial study in which we experimentally manipulated parasite presence in an urban and nonurban area. Faeces were then collected from nestlings to characterize the gut microbiota (i.e. bacterial diversity and community composition). Although we did not find an interactive effect of urbanization and parasitism on the microbiota, we did find main effects of each variable. We found that urban nestlings had lower bacterial diversity and different relative abundances of taxa compared to nonurban nestlings, which could be mediated by introduction of the microbiota of the food items or changes in host physiology. Additionally, parasitized nestlings had lower bacterial richness than nonparasitized nestlings, which could be mediated by a change in the immune system. Overall, this study advances our understanding of the complex effects of anthropogenic stressors on the gut microbiota of birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Solomon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Ashley C Love
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Grace J Vaziri
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Johanna Harvey
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Taylor Verrett
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Kiley Chernicky
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Shelby Simons
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Lauren Albert
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Jaime A Chaves
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Galapagos Science Center, Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, Galapagos, Ecuador
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Sarah A Knutie
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Long Z, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhang X, Su H. Host genetic background rather than diet-induced gut microbiota shifts of sympatric black-necked crane, common crane and bar-headed goose. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1270716. [PMID: 37933251 PMCID: PMC10625752 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1270716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gut microbiota of wild birds are affected by many factors, and host genetic background and diet are considered to be two important factors affecting their structure and function. Methods In order to clarify how these two factors influence the gut microbiota, this study selected the sympatric and closely related and similar-sized Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) and Common Crane (Grus grus), as well as the distantly related and significantly different-sized Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus). The fecal samples identified using sanger sequencing as the above three bird species were subjected to high-throughput sequencing of rbcL gene and 16S rRNA gene to identify the feeding types phytophagous food and gut microbiota. Results The results showed significant differences in food diversity between black-necked cranes and Common Cranes, but no significant differences in gut microbiota, Potatoes accounted for approximately 50% of their diets. Bar-headed Geese mainly feed on medicinal plants such as Angelica sinensis, Alternanthera philoxeroides, and Ranunculus repens. Black-necked cranes and Common Cranes, which have a high-starch diet, have a similar degree of enrichment in metabolism and synthesis functions, which is significantly different from Bar-headed Geese with a high-fiber diet. The differences in metabolic pathways among the three bird species are driven by food. The feeding of medicinal plants promotes the health of Bar-headed Geese, indicating that food influences the functional pathways of gut microbiota. Spearman analysis showed that there were few gut microbiota related to food, but almost all metabolic pathways were related to food. Conclusion The host genetic background is the dominant factor determining the composition of the microbiota. Monitoring the changes in gut microbiota and feeding types of wild birds through bird feces is of great reference value for the conservation of other endangered species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeying Wang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Area of Southwestern of China, School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Research Center for Biodiversity and Natural Conservation, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Caohai Observation and Research Station for Wet Ecosystem, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Bijie, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhengmin Long
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Area of Southwestern of China, School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Area of Southwestern of China, School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xianyu Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Area of Southwestern of China, School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Research Center for Biodiversity and Natural Conservation, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Haijun Su
- Research Center for Biodiversity and Natural Conservation, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Caohai Observation and Research Station for Wet Ecosystem, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Bijie, Guizhou, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hattab J, Marruchella G, Sibra A, Tiscar PG, Todisco G. Canaries' Microbiota: The Gut Bacterial Communities along One Female Reproductive Cycle. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2289. [PMID: 37764133 PMCID: PMC10537324 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigations of bacterial communities are on the rise both in human and veterinary medicine. Their role in health maintenance and pathogenic mechanisms is in the limelight of infectious, metabolic, and cancer research. Among the most considered, gut bacterial communities take the cake. Their part in animals was assessed mainly to improve animal production, public health, and pet management. In this regard, canaries deserve attention, being a popular pet and source of economic income for bird-keepers, for whom breeding represents a pivotal point. Thus, the present work aimed to follow gut bacterial communities' evolution along on whole reproductive cycle of 12 healthy female canaries. Feces were collected during parental care, molting, and resting phase, and submitted for 16S rRNA sequencing. Data were analyzed and a substantial presence of Lactobacillus aviarius along all the phases, and a relevant shift of microbiota during molting and rest due to an abrupt decrease of the Vermiphilaceae family were detected. Although the meaning of such change is not clear, future research may highlight unforeseen scenarios. Moreover, Lactobacillus aviarius may be deemed for normal bacteria flora restoration in debilitated birds, perhaps improving their health and productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Hattab
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18 Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Marruchella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18 Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (G.M.)
| | - Alessandra Sibra
- APHA—Animal & Plant Health Agency, Building 1, Sevington Inland Border Facility, Ashford TN25 6GE, UK;
| | - Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP18 Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (G.M.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fan C, Xue H, Xu J, Wang S, Wu M, Chen L, Xu L. Host-Specific Differences in Gut Microbiota Between Cricetulus barabensis and Phodopus sungorus. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:149. [PMID: 36971869 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays an important role in the health of the host and is usually associated with the physiological processes of animals. Both host-specific factors and environmental factors are involved in the shaping of the gut microbial community, and it is necessary to identify the host-dominated differences in gut microbiota among animal species to better explain how they affect the choice of life history strategies in hosts. Here, striped hamsters Cricetulus barabensis and Djungarian hamsters Phodopus sungorus were housed under the same controlled conditions, and fecal samples were collected to compare gut microbiota. A higher Shannon index was observed in striped hamsters than in Djungarian hamsters. Linear discriminant analysis of effect size showed enrichment of the family Lachnospiraceae and genera Muribaculum and Oscillibacter in striped hamsters, with the enrichment of family Erysipelotrichaceae and genus Turicibacter in Djungarian hamsters. Among the top 10 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), eight showed significantly different relative abundance between the two hamster species. The positive correlations and average degree in the co-occurrence network of striped hamsters were less than those of Djungarian hamsters, showing different complexity of synergistic effects among the gut bacteria. The gut microbial community of striped hamsters had a higher R2 value than that of Djungarian hamsters when fitted with a neutral community model. These differences have a degree of consistency with the variation in the lifestyles of the two hamster species. The study provides insights into the understanding of gut microbiota and its connections with rodent hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China.
| | - Huiliang Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Jinhui Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Laixiang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Valiei A, Aminian-Dehkordi J, Mofrad MRK. Gut-on-a-chip models for dissecting the gut microbiology and physiology. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:011502. [PMID: 36875738 PMCID: PMC9977465 DOI: 10.1063/5.0126541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic technologies have been extensively investigated in recent years for developing organ-on-a-chip-devices as robust in vitro models aiming to recapitulate organ 3D topography and its physicochemical cues. Among these attempts, an important research front has focused on simulating the physiology of the gut, an organ with a distinct cellular composition featuring a plethora of microbial and human cells that mutually mediate critical body functions. This research has led to innovative approaches to model fluid flow, mechanical forces, and oxygen gradients, which are all important developmental cues of the gut physiological system. A myriad of studies has demonstrated that gut-on-a-chip models reinforce a prolonged coculture of microbiota and human cells with genotypic and phenotypic responses that closely mimic the in vivo data. Accordingly, the excellent organ mimicry offered by gut-on-a-chips has fueled numerous investigations on the clinical and industrial applications of these devices in recent years. In this review, we outline various gut-on-a-chip designs, particularly focusing on different configurations used to coculture the microbiome and various human intestinal cells. We then elaborate on different approaches that have been adopted to model key physiochemical stimuli and explore how these models have been beneficial to understanding gut pathophysiology and testing therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Valiei
- Molecular Cell Biomechanics Laboratory, Departments of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Javad Aminian-Dehkordi
- Molecular Cell Biomechanics Laboratory, Departments of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Maraci Ö, Antonatou-Papaioannou A, Jünemann S, Engel K, Castillo-Gutiérrez O, Busche T, Kalinowski J, Caspers BA. Timing matters: age-dependent impacts of the social environment and host selection on the avian gut microbiota. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:202. [PMID: 36434663 PMCID: PMC9700942 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of the gut microbiota in early life is a critical process that influences the development and fitness of vertebrates. However, the relative influence of transmission from the early social environment and host selection throughout host ontogeny remains understudied, particularly in avian species. We conducted conspecific and heterospecific cross-fostering experiments in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) and Bengalese finches (Lonchura striata domestica) under controlled conditions and repeatedly sampled the faecal microbiota of these birds over the first 3 months of life. We thus documented the development of the gut microbiota and characterised the relative impacts of the early social environment and host selection due to species-specific characteristics and individual genetic backgrounds across ontogeny by using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. RESULTS The taxonomic composition and community structure of the gut microbiota changed across ontogenetic stages; juvenile zebra finches exhibited higher alpha diversity than adults at the post-breeding stage. Furthermore, in early development, the microbial communities of juveniles raised by conspecific and heterospecific foster parents resembled those of their foster family, emphasising the importance of the social environment. In later stages, the social environment continued to influence the gut microbiota, but host selection increased in importance. CONCLUSIONS We provided a baseline description of the developmental succession of gut microbiota in zebra finches and Bengalese finches, which is a necessary first step for understanding the impact of the early gut microbiota on host fitness. Furthermore, for the first time in avian species, we showed that the relative strengths of the two forces that shape the establishment and maintenance of the gut microbiota (i.e. host selection and dispersal from the social environment) change during development, with host selection increasing in importance. This finding should be considered when experimentally manipulating the early-life gut microbiota. Our findings also provide new insights into the mechanisms of host selection. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Öncü Maraci
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Anna Antonatou-Papaioannou
- Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Institute of Biology-Zoology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jünemann
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences, Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Kathrin Engel
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Omar Castillo-Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tobias Busche
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara A Caspers
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lu Z, Li S, Wang M, Wang C, Meng D, Liu J. Comparative Analysis of the Gut Microbiota of Three Sympatric Terrestrial Wild Bird Species Overwintering in Farmland Habitats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:905668. [PMID: 35928156 PMCID: PMC9343720 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.905668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota of wild birds are affected by complex factors, and cross-species transmission may pose challenges for the host to maintain stable gut symbionts. Farmland habitats are environments strongly manipulated by humans, and the environmental characteristics within a large area are highly consistent. These features provide the ideal natural conditions for conducting cross-species comparative studies on gut microbiota among wild birds. This study aimed to investigate and compare the gut microbiota of three common farmland-dependent bird species, Great Bustard (Otis tarda dybowskii), Common Crane (Grus grus), and Common Coot (Fulica atra), in a homogeneous habitat during the wintering period. The results indicated that under the combined action of similar influencing factors, the gut microbiota of different host species did not undergo adaptive convergence, maintained relatively independent structures, and exhibited host-driven signals. In addition, we also detected various pathogenic genera that may cause outbreaks of periodic infections among sympatric migratory birds. We conclude that phylosymbiosis may occur between some wild birds and their gut microbiota. Usage of non-invasive methods to monitor the changes in the gut microbiota of wild bird fecal samples has important implications for the conservation of endangered species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Lu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Min Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Can Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Derong Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jingze Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Jingze Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Maraci Ö, Corsini M, Antonatou-Papaioannou A, Jünemann S, Sudyka J, Di Lecce I, Caspers BA, Szulkin M. Changes to the gut microbiota of a wild juvenile passerine in a multidimensional urban mosaic. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6872. [PMID: 35477720 PMCID: PMC9046431 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Urbanisation is a major anthropogenic perturbation presenting novel ecological and evolutionary challenges to wild populations. Symbiotic microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tracts (gut) of vertebrates have mutual connections with host physiology and respond quickly to environmental alterations. However, the impact of anthropogenic changes and urbanisation on the gut microbiota remains poorly understood, especially in early development. To address this knowledge gap, we characterised the gut microbiota of juvenile great tits (Parus major) reared in artificial nestboxes and in natural cavities in an urban mosaic, employing two distinct frameworks characterising the urban space. Microbial diversity was influenced by cavity type. Alpha diversity was affected by the amount of impervious surface surrounding the breeding location, and positively correlated with tree cover density. Community composition differed between urban and rural sites: these alterations covaried with sound pollution and distance to the city centre. Overall, the microbial communities reflect and are possibly influenced by the heterogeneous environmental modifications that are typical of the urban space. Strikingly, the choice of framework and environmental variables characterising the urban space can influence the outcomes of such ecological studies. Our results open new perspectives to investigate the impact of microbial symbionts on the adaptive capacity of their hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Öncü Maraci
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33619, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Michela Corsini
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha Street 2C, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Antonatou-Papaioannou
- Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Institute of Biology-Zoology, Freie Universität Berlin, Köning-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jünemann
- Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Sequenz 1, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Joanna Sudyka
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha Street 2C, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irene Di Lecce
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha Street 2C, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara A Caspers
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33619, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marta Szulkin
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha Street 2C, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He C, Lei J, Yao Y, Qu X, Chen J, Xie K, Wang X, Yi Q, Xiao B, Guo S, Zou X. Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal Modulates Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota in Xuefeng Black-Bone Chickens. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:706424. [PMID: 34603233 PMCID: PMC8482533 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.706424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HILM) to the feed could contribute to particular antimicrobial and intestinal health in animal husbandry. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of HILM on intestinal morphology and microbial diversity in different intestinal segments of Xuefeng black-bone chickens. All of 432 birds (45 weeks old) were randomly assigned to four equal groups with six replicates and 18 hens in each replicate: (A) basal diet, (B) basal diet with 1% HILM, (C) basal diet with 3% HILM, and (D) basal diet with 5% HILM. The results showed that, compared with the basal diet group, the HILM supplement significantly increased the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) and Chao index in cecum (p < 0.05). Diet with 1% HILM significantly increased the villus height (VH) of the duodenum (p < 0.05) and cecum microbial diversity as represented by the Simpson index (p < 0.05). In particular, 1% HILM displayed a markedly increase in the genus unclassified Bacteroidales (cecum, p < 0.05). A basal diet with 3% HILM markedly increased the beneficial genus Romboutsia (jejunum, p < 0.05). Also, principal component analysis (PCA) cluster analysis showed that 3% of HILM was more individual than other groups (p < 0.05). However, 5% HILM decreased the VH and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH/CD) of the jejunum and increased beneficial bacteria such as Staphylococcus (p < 0.05), which was regarded as pathogenetic genera. In conclusion, we found that HILM improved intestinal morphology and increased microbiological diversity and species abundance. Together, dietary supplementation of 1 or 3% HILM might benefit the intestinal morphology and intestinal microbiota of Xuefeng black-bone chicken. However, the addition of 5% HILM could decrease VH and the ratio of VH/CD of the jejunum and increased pathogenetic genera. HILM was an excellent protein substitute for Xuefeng black-bone chickens, which could meet the nutritional requirements under the condition of less feed. These results provide information for HILM meal as an alternative source of soybean meal in Xuefeng black-bone chickens’ feed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changqing He
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaxing Lei
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaling Yao
- Huaihua Animal Husbandry and Fishery Affairs Center, Huaihua, China
| | - Xiangyong Qu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jifa Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Kailai Xie
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingju Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Yi
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Hunan Yunfeifeng Agricultural Co., Ltd., Huaihua, China
| | - Songchang Guo
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Perinatal exposure to antibiotics reduces affiliative behavior after post-weaning in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Behav Processes 2021; 192:104491. [PMID: 34478805 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Social behavior is influenced by a host of factors, including the immune system; for example, song quality in male starlings predicts immunocompetence suggesting the development of the immune system is interconnected with aspects social development (Duffy and Ball, 2002). Treating birds with antibiotics during the perinatal period may alter this development, and thereby, social behaviors beyond song. We asked if antibiotic exposure during the perinatal period effected parenting and offspring social behavior (e.g. aggressive and affiliative behaviors) in zebra finches? We treated the drinking water of zebra finch parents and hatchlings from post-hatch day 5-14 with azithromycin or a vehicle control and monitored parenting/social behavior. After weaning, we transferred offspring from the breeding cage to group housing and monitored social behavior and integration into the colony by measuring aggressive and affiliative behaviors. For all treatments we saw a reduction in the number of songs performed by fathers, however, specifically for antibiotic treated offspring there was a reduction in affiliative behaviors relative to vehicle treated controls suggesting the immune system, perhaps via the guts microbiome, influences certain aspects of social behaviors in birds.
Collapse
|
14
|
Maraci Ö, Caspers BA. Considering birds to understand the interplay of MHC, microbiota, and odor: a comment on Schubert et al. Behav Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Öncü Maraci
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara A Caspers
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|