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Liang Y, Kong Y, Rao M, Zhou X, Li C, Meng Y, Chen Y, Li H, Luo Z. Inhibition of ESCRT-independent extracellular vesicles biogenesis suppresses enterovirus 71 replication and pathogenesis in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131453. [PMID: 38588842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), neurological complications, and even fatalities in infants. Clinically, the increase of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in EV71 patients' serum was highly associated with the severity of HFMD. EV71 boosts EVs biogenesis in an endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-dependent manner to facilitate viral replication. Yet, the impact of EVs-derived from ESCRT-independent pathway on EV71 replication and pathogenesis is highly concerned. Here, we assessed the effects of EV71-induced EVs from ESCRT-independent pathway on viral replication and pathogenesis by GW4869, a neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor. Detailly, in EV71-infected mice, blockade of the biogenesis of tissue-derived EVs in the presence of GW4869 restored body weight loss, attenuated clinical scores, and improved survival rates. Furthermore, GW4869 dampens EVs biogenesis to reduce viral load and pathogenesis in multiple tissues of EV71-infected mice. Consistently, GW4869 treatment in a human intestinal epithelial HT29 cells decreased the biogenesis of EVs, in which the progeny EV71 particle was cloaked, leading to the reduction of viral infection and replication. Collectively, GW4869 inhibits EV71-induced EVs in an ESCRT-independent pathway and ultimately suppresses EV71 replication and pathogenesis. Our study provides a novel strategy for the development of therapeutic agents in the treatment for EV71-associated HFMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicong Liang
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yue Kong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Menglan Rao
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi Meng
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanxi Chen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hongjian Li
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Zhen Luo
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Ao J, Ma AX, Li J, Wang CY, Fu DD, Du L, Yu C, Liu SL, Wang ZG, Pang DW. Real-Time Dissection of the Exosome Pathway for Influenza Virus Infection. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4507-4519. [PMID: 38270127 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes play an important role in the spread of viral infections and immune escape. However, the exact ability and mechanisms by which exosomes produced during viral infections (vExos) infect host cells are still not fully understood. In this study, we developed a dual-color exosome labeling strategy that simultaneously labels the external and internal structures of exosomes with quantum dots to enable in situ monitoring of the transport process of vExos in live cells using the single-particle tracking technique. Our finding revealed that vExos contains the complete influenza A virus (IAV) genome and viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs) proteins but lacks viral envelope proteins. Notably, these vExos have the ability to infect cells and produce progeny viruses. We also found that vExos are transported in three stages, slow-fast-slow, and move to the perinuclear region via microfilaments and microtubules. About 30% of internalized vExos shed the external membrane and release the internal vRNPs into the cytoplasm by fusion with endolysosomes. This study suggested that vExos plays a supporting role in IAV infection by assisting with IAV propagation in a virus-independent manner. It emphasizes the need to consider the infectious potential of vExos and draws attention to the potential risk of exosomes produced by viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Fu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Du
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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3
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Chatterjee S, Kordbacheh R, Sin J. Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Mode of Viral Propagation Exploited by Enveloped and Non-Enveloped Viruses. Microorganisms 2024; 12:274. [PMID: 38399678 PMCID: PMC10892846 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-enclosed structures that have gained much attention from researchers across varying scientific fields in the past few decades. Cells secrete diverse types of EVs into the extracellular milieu which include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. These EVs play a crucial role in facilitating intracellular communication via the transport of proteins, lipids, DNA, rRNA, and miRNAs. It is well known that a number of viruses hijack several cellular pathways involved in EV biogenesis to aid in their replication, assembly, and egress. On the other hand, EVs can also trigger host antiviral immune responses by carrying immunomodulatory molecules and viral antigens on their surface. Owing to this intricate relationship between EVs and viruses, intriguing studies have identified various EV-mediated viral infections and interrogated how EVs can alter overall viral spread and longevity. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the EV-virus relationship, and details various modes of EV-mediated viral spread in the context of clinically relevant enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jon Sin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, 1325 Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA; (S.C.); (R.K.)
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Wang J, Jing J, Zhou C, Fan Y. Emerging roles of exosomes in oral diseases progression. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:4. [PMID: 38221571 PMCID: PMC10788352 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases, such as periodontitis, salivary gland diseases, and oral cancers, significantly challenge health conditions due to their detrimental effects on patient's digestive functions, pronunciation, and esthetic demands. Delayed diagnosis and non-targeted treatment profoundly influence patients' prognosis and quality of life. The exploration of innovative approaches for early detection and precise treatment represents a promising frontier in oral medicine. Exosomes, which are characterized as nanometer-sized extracellular vesicles, are secreted by virtually all types of cells. As the research continues, the complex roles of these intracellular-derived extracellular vesicles in biological processes have gradually unfolded. Exosomes have attracted attention as valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tools for their ability to transfer abundant biological cargos and their intricate involvement in multiple cellular functions. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent applications of exosomes within the field of oral diseases, focusing on inflammation-related bone diseases and oral squamous cell carcinomas. We characterize the exosome alterations and demonstrate their potential applications as biomarkers for early diagnosis, highlighting their roles as indicators in multiple oral diseases. We also summarize the promising applications of exosomes in targeted therapy and proposed future directions for the use of exosomes in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Liu Y, Lv P, Wang W, Zhang J, Zhou X, Qiu Y, Cai K, Zhang H, Fang Y, Li Y. Structural insight into EV-A71 3A protein and its interaction with a peptide inhibitor. Virol Sin 2023; 38:975-979. [PMID: 37757951 PMCID: PMC10786657 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
•Our results disclosed a dihelical structure of Enterovirus A71 3A1–57 protein in apo form. •We depicted rigid helices and a unique flexible C-terminus for apo-form 3A1–57. •This study revealed a competitive binding-based molecular mechanism underlying inhibition of dimeric 3A by ER-DRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Panjing Lv
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Medical Subcenter of HUST Analytical & Testing Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiahai Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kun Cai
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Hubei CDC), Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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6
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Zang L, Yang X, Chen Y, Huang F, Yuan Y, Chen X, Zuo Y, Miao Y, Gu J, Guo H, Xia W, Peng Y, Tang M, Huang Z, Wang Y, Ma J, Jiang J, Zhou W, Zheng H, Shi W. Ubiquitin E3 ligase SPOP is a host negative regulator of enterovirus 71-encoded 2A protease. J Virol 2023; 97:e0078623. [PMID: 37796126 PMCID: PMC10617436 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00786-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE EV71 poses a significant health threat to children aged 5 and below. The process of EV71 infection and replication is predominantly influenced by ubiquitination modifications. Our previous findings indicate that EV71 prompts the activation of host deubiquitinating enzymes, thereby impeding the host interferon signaling pathway as a means of evading the immune response. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms by which the host employs ubiquitination modifications to hinder EV71 infection remain unclear. The present study demonstrated that the nonstructural protein 2Apro, which is encoded by EV71, exhibits ubiquitination and degradation mediated by the host E3 ubiquitin ligase SPOP. In addition, it is the first report, to our knowledge, that SPOP is involved in the host antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Zang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Huang
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yukang Yuan
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangjie Chen
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yibo Zuo
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Miao
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxin Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyuan Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhong Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weifeng Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Wang HC, Yin WX, Jiang M, Han JY, Kuai XW, Sun R, Sun YF, Ji JL. Function and biomedical implications of exosomal microRNAs delivered by parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5435-5451. [PMID: 37900996 PMCID: PMC10600808 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i39.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (exosomes) are important components of the tumor microenvironment. They are small membrane-bound vesicles derived from almost all cell types and play an important role in intercellular communication. Exosomes transmit biological molecules obtained from parent cells, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and are involved in cancer development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the most abundant contents in exosomes, are selectively packaged into exosomes to carry out their biological functions. Recent studies have revealed that exosome-delivered miRNAs play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, exosomes have great industrial prospects in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with HCC. This review summarized the composition and function of exosomal miRNAs of different cell origins in HCC and highlighted the association between exosomal miRNAs from stromal cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and the progression of HCC. Finally, we described the potential applicability of exosomal miRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Yin
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Yi Han
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Wang Kuai
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Feng Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ju-Ling Ji
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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Meng Y, Li C, Liang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Ouyang J, Zhang W, Deng R, Tan Q, Yu X, Luo Z. Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Exosomes Exhibit Anti-Oxidant and Antiviral Effects as Cell-Free Therapies. Viruses 2023; 15:2094. [PMID: 37896871 PMCID: PMC10612094 DOI: 10.3390/v15102094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidative stress induced by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to cell aging and death. Equally, the skeletal muscle usually hosts enteroviral persistent infection in inflammatory muscle diseases. As excellent bioactive products, the exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (ucMSCs) have been proven to be safe and have low immunogenicity with a potential cell-free therapeutic function. Here, exosomes derived from ucMSCs (ucMSC-EXO) were extracted and characterized. In a model of oxidative damage to skin fibroblasts (HSFs) under exposure to H2O2, ucMSC-EXO had an observable repairing effect for the HSFs suffering from oxidative damage. Furthermore, ucMSC-EXO inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways, thereby promoting p21 protein expression while decreasing lamin B1 protein expression, and finally alleviated oxidative stress-induced cell damage and aging. In a model of rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells being infected by enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), the ucMSC-EXO enhanced the expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) and ISG56 to inhibit enteroviral replication, whereafter reducing the virus-induced proinflammatory factor production. This study provides a promising therapeutic strategy for ucMSC-EXO in anti-oxidative stress and antiviral effects, which provides insight into extending the function of ucMSC-EXO in cell-free therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Meng
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yicong Liang
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haonan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jianhua Ouyang
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan 528315, China; (J.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Wen Zhang
- Guangdong Longfan Biological Science and Technology Company, Foshan 528315, China; (W.Z.); (Q.T.)
| | - Rumei Deng
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan 528315, China; (J.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Qiuping Tan
- Guangdong Longfan Biological Science and Technology Company, Foshan 528315, China; (W.Z.); (Q.T.)
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Zhen Luo
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.)
- Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan 528315, China; (J.O.); (R.D.)
- Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, China
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