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Qin Y, Teng Y, Yang Y, Mao Z, Zhao S, Zhang N, Li X, Niu W. Advancements in inhibitors of crucial enzymes in the cysteine biosynthetic pathway: Serine acetyltransferase and O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 104:e14573. [PMID: 38965664 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases have been jeopardized problem that threaten public health over a long period of time. The growing prevalence of drug-resistant pathogens and infectious cases have led to a decrease in the number of effective antibiotics, which highlights the urgent need for the development of new antibacterial agents. Serine acetyltransferase (SAT), also known as CysE in certain bacterial species, and O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS), also known as CysK in select bacteria, are indispensable enzymes within the cysteine biosynthesis pathway of various pathogenic microorganisms. These enzymes play a crucial role in the survival of these pathogens, making SAT and OASS promising targets for the development of novel anti-infective agents. In this comprehensive review, we present an introduction to the structure and function of SAT and OASS, along with an overview of existing inhibitors for SAT and OASS as potential antibacterial agents. Our primary focus is on elucidating the inhibitory activities, structure-activity relationships, and mechanisms of action of these inhibitors. Through this exploration, we aim to provide insights into promising strategies and prospects in the development of antibacterial agents that target these essential enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuetai Teng
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenkun Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shengyu Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Chemistry Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weihong Niu
- Department of Pathology, Henan Key Laboratory for Digital Pathology Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Maestre‐Carballa L, Navarro‐López V, Martinez‐Garcia M. Metagenomic airborne resistome from urban hot spots through the One Health lens. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 16:e13306. [PMID: 38923122 PMCID: PMC11194455 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Human activities are a significant contributor to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which pose a serious threat to human health. These ARGs can be transmitted through various pathways, including air, within the context of One Health. This study used metagenomics to monitor the resistomes in urban air from two critical locations: a wastewater treatment plant and a hospital, both indoor and outdoor. The presence of cell-like structures was confirmed through fluorescence microscopy. The metagenomic analysis revealed a wide variety of ARGs and a high diversity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the airborne particles collected. The wastewater treatment plant showed higher relative abundances with 32 ARG hits per Gb and m3, followed by the main entrance of the hospital (indoor) with ≈5 ARG hits per Gb and m3. The hospital entrance exhibited the highest ARG richness, with a total of 152 different ARGs classified into nine categories of antibiotic resistance. Common commensal and pathogenic bacteria carrying ARGs, such as Moraxella, Staphylococcus and Micrococcus, were detected in the indoor airborne particles of the hospital. Interestingly, no ARGs were shared among all the samples analysed, indicating a highly variable dynamic of airborne resistomes. Furthermore, the study found no ARGs in the airborne viral fractions analysed, suggesting that airborne viruses play a negligible role in the dissemination of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Maestre‐Carballa
- Department of Physiology, Genetics, and MicrobiologyUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain
- Instituto Multidisciplinar Para el Estudio del Medio Ramon MargalefUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Vicente Navarro‐López
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease UnitHospital Universitario VinalopóElcheSpain
| | - Manuel Martinez‐Garcia
- Department of Physiology, Genetics, and MicrobiologyUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain
- Instituto Multidisciplinar Para el Estudio del Medio Ramon MargalefUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain
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3
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Fimbres-García JO, Flores-Sauceda M, Othón-Díaz ED, García-Galaz A, Tapia-Rodriguez MR, Silva-Espinoza BA, Alvarez-Armenta A, Ayala-Zavala JF. Lippia graveolens Essential Oil to Enhance the Effect of Imipenem against Axenic and Co-Cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:444. [PMID: 38786172 PMCID: PMC11117758 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13050444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This research focuses on assessing the synergistic effects of Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens) essential oil or carvacrol when combined with the antibiotic imipenem, aiming to reduce the pathogenic viability and virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study highlighted the synergistic effect of combining L. graveolens essential oil or carvacrol with imipenem, significantly reducing the required doses for inhibiting bacterial growth. The combination treatments drastically lowered the necessary imipenem doses, highlighting a potent enhancement in efficacy against A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. For example, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for the essential oil/imipenem combinations were notably low, at 0.03/0.000023 mg/mL for A. baumannii and 0.0073/0.000023 mg/mL for P. aeruginosa. Similarly, the combinations significantly inhibited biofilm formation at lower concentrations than when the components were used individually, demonstrating the strategic advantage of this approach in combating antibiotic resistance. For OXA-51, imipenem showed a relatively stable interaction during 30 ns of dynamic simulation of their interaction, indicating changes (<2 nm) in ligand positioning during this period. Carvacrol exhibited similar fluctuations to imipenem, suggesting its potential inhibition efficacy, while thymol showed significant variability, particularly at >10 ns, suggesting potential instability. With IMP-1, imipenem also displayed very stable interactions during 38 ns and demonstrated notable movement and positioning changes within the active site, indicating a more dynamic interaction. In contrast, carvacrol and thymol maintained their position within the active site only ~20 and ~15 ns, respectively. These results highlight the effectiveness of combining L. graveolens essential oil and carvacrol with imipenem in tackling the difficult-to-treat pathogens A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge O. Fimbres-García
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (J.O.F.-G.); (A.G.-G.); (B.A.S.-E.)
| | - Marcela Flores-Sauceda
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (J.O.F.-G.); (A.G.-G.); (B.A.S.-E.)
| | - Elsa Daniela Othón-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (J.O.F.-G.); (A.G.-G.); (B.A.S.-E.)
| | - Alfonso García-Galaz
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (J.O.F.-G.); (A.G.-G.); (B.A.S.-E.)
| | - Melvin R. Tapia-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Col. Centro, Ciudad Obregón 85000, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Brenda A. Silva-Espinoza
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (J.O.F.-G.); (A.G.-G.); (B.A.S.-E.)
| | - Andres Alvarez-Armenta
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62250, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - J. Fernando Ayala-Zavala
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (J.O.F.-G.); (A.G.-G.); (B.A.S.-E.)
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Djordjevic SP, Jarocki VM, Seemann T, Cummins ML, Watt AE, Drigo B, Wyrsch ER, Reid CJ, Donner E, Howden BP. Genomic surveillance for antimicrobial resistance - a One Health perspective. Nat Rev Genet 2024; 25:142-157. [PMID: 37749210 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00649-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) - the ability of microorganisms to adapt and survive under diverse chemical selection pressures - is influenced by complex interactions between humans, companion and food-producing animals, wildlife, insects and the environment. To understand and manage the threat posed to health (human, animal, plant and environmental) and security (food and water security and biosecurity), a multifaceted 'One Health' approach to AMR surveillance is required. Genomic technologies have enabled monitoring of the mobilization, persistence and abundance of AMR genes and mutations within and between microbial populations. Their adoption has also allowed source-tracing of AMR pathogens and modelling of AMR evolution and transmission. Here, we highlight recent advances in genomic AMR surveillance and the relative strengths of different technologies for AMR surveillance and research. We showcase recent insights derived from One Health genomic surveillance and consider the challenges to broader adoption both in developed and in lower- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Djordjevic
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Veronica M Jarocki
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Torsten Seemann
- Centre for Pathogen Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Max L Cummins
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne E Watt
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara Drigo
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ethan R Wyrsch
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cameron J Reid
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Erica Donner
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Solving Antimicrobial Resistance in Agribusiness, Food, and Environments (CRC SAAFE), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin P Howden
- Centre for Pathogen Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Paulshus E, Colque P, Kühn I, Tauhid T, Hu YOO, Zhou Y, Thorell K, Möllby R, Sørum H, Sjöling Å, Joffré E. Escherichia coli ST2797 Is Abundant in Wastewater and Might Be a Novel Emerging Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase E. coli. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0448622. [PMID: 37260395 PMCID: PMC10434162 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04486-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an emerging threat to global health. The analysis of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria in wastewater can indicate the prevalence and spread of certain clonal groups of multiresistant bacteria. In a previous study of Escherichia coli that were isolated from a pump station in Norway over 15 months, we found a recurring E. coli clone that was resistant to trimethoprim, ampicillin, and tetracycline in 201 of 3,123 analyzed isolates (6.1%). 11 representative isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing and were found to belong to the MLST ST2797 E. coli clone with plasmids carrying resistance genes, including blaTEM-1B, sul2, dfrA7, and tetB. A phenotypic comparison of the ST2797 isolates with the uropathogenic ST131 and ST648 that were repeatedly identified in the same wastewater samples revealed that the ST2797 isolates exhibited a comparable capacity for temporal survival in wastewater, greater biofilm formation, and similar potential for the colonization of mammalian epithelial cells. ST2797 has been isolated from humans and has been found to carry extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes in other studies, suggesting that this clonal type is an emerging ESBL E. coli. Collectively, these findings show that ST2797 was more ubiquitous in the studied wastewater than were the infamous ST131 and ST648 and that ST2797 may have similar abilities to survive in the environment and cause infections in humans. IMPORTANCE The incidence of drug-resistant bacteria found in the environment is increasing together with the levels of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that cause infections. The COVID-19 pandemic has shed new light on the importance of monitoring emerging threats and finding early warning systems. Therefore, to mitigate the antimicrobial resistance burden, the monitoring and early identification of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hot spots, such as wastewater treatment plants, are required to combat the occurrence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Here, we applied a PhenePlate system as a phenotypic screening method for genomic surveillance and discovered a dominant and persistent E. coli clone ST2797 with a multidrug resistance pattern and equivalent phenotypic characteristics to those of the major pandemic lineages, namely, ST131 and ST648, which frequently carry ESBL genes. This study highlights the continuous surveillance and report of multidrug resistant bacteria with the potential to spread in One Health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Paulshus
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Analysis and Diagnostics, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ås, Norway
| | - Patricia Colque
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Kühn
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tamanna Tauhid
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yue O. O. Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research (CTMR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yingshun Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaisa Thorell
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roland Möllby
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henning Sørum
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åsa Sjöling
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Enrique Joffré
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhang W, Wang Q, Zhang L, Wu J, Liu J, Lu C, Wang X, Zhang Z. Comparison of Epidemiological Characteristics Between ESBL and Non-ESBL Isolates of Clinically Isolated Escherichia coli from 2014 to 2022: A Single-Center Study. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:5185-5195. [PMID: 37581164 PMCID: PMC10423568 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s414079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This single-center study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of clinically isolated Escherichia coli from 2014 to 2022. Methods In vitro drug sensitivity of E. coli to 20 antibiotics was examined using the microbroth dilution method. A total of 7580 clinical E. coli strains were isolated from 2014 to 2022, among which 56.9% were identified as extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains. The data were analyzed using the software WHONET5.6 and the R language platform. Results Over the study period, carbapenem resistance rates increased by more than 50% (2022 [1.34%] vs 2014 [0.8%]) and the annual number of isolates showed an upward trend (1264 in 2022 vs 501 in 2014). Drug resistance rates were the highest for penicillin (75-85%) and lowest for imipenem (1%). The resistance rate of strains isolated from male patients and sputum was found to be higher than that of female patients and urine, except for quinolones (p <0.05). The drug resistance rates from high to low were penicillins (75-85%), tetracycline (64%), quinolones (64-67%), sulfamethoxazole (59.3%), cephalosporins (22-72%), aztreonam (34%), chloramphenicol (21%), amikacin (2.8%), colistin (1.4%), meropenem (1.1%), and imipenem (1%). Urine, sputum, and blood accounted for 51%, 16.6%, and 10.6% of the samples, respectively. A greater number of female patients were included more than male patients (4798[63.3%] vs 2782[26.7%]). Patients aged 50-80 accounted for 64.2% of those surveyed. Conclusion Carbapenems remain the optimal choice for treating extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli infections (sensitivity rate: 98%). Colistin (87.7%) and amikacin (87%) exhibited good antibacterial activities against carbapenem-resistant E. coli. Long-term and continuous epidemiological surveillance of E. coli can facilitate the development of preventive strategies and control policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Microbiology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liru Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhangjiakou Wanquan District Hospital, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangxiong Wu
- Inspection Center, Qujing No.1 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Qujing Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinlu Liu
- Microbiology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Microbiology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinsheng Wang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
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Jones DC, LaMartina EL, Lewis JR, Dahl AJ, Nadig N, Szabo A, Newton RJ, Skwor TA. One Health and Global Health View of Antimicrobial Susceptibility through the "Eye" of Aeromonas: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2023; 62:106848. [PMID: 37201798 PMCID: PMC10524465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.106848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most pressing public health concerns; therefore, it is imperative to advance our understanding of the factors influencing AMR from Global and One Health perspectives. To address this, Aeromonas populations were identified using 16S rRNA gene libraries among human, agriculture, aquaculture, drinking water, surface water, and wastewater samples, supporting its use as indicator bacteria to study AMR. A systematic review and meta-analysis was then performed from Global and One Health perspectives, including data from 221 articles describing 15 891 isolates from 57 countries. The interconnectedness of different environments was evident as minimal differences were identified between sectors among 21 different antimicrobials. However, resistance to critically important antibiotics (aztreonam and cefepime) was significantly higher among wastewater populations compared with clinical isolates. Additionally, isolates from untreated wastewater typically exhibited increased AMR compared with those from treated wastewater. Furthermore, aquaculture was associated with increased AMR to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline compared with wild-caught seafood. Using the World Health Organization AWaRe classifications, countries with lower consumption of "Access" compared to "Watch" drugs from 2000 to 2015 demonstrated higher AMR levels. The current analysis revealed negative correlations between AMR and anthropogenic factors, such as environmental performance indices and socioeconomic standing. Environmental health and sanitation were two of the environmental factors most strongly correlated with AMR. The current analysis highlights the negative impacts of "Watch" drug overconsumption, anthropogenic activity, absence of wastewater infrastructure, and aquaculture on AMR, thus stressing the need for proper infrastructure and global regulations to combat this growing problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Lou LaMartina
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jenna Rachel Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Andrew James Dahl
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Nischala Nadig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Aniko Szabo
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health & Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ryan J Newton
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Troy A Skwor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Almeida-da-Silva CLC, Sivakumar N, Asadi H, Chang-Chien A, Qoronfleh MW, Ojcius DM, Essa MM. Effects of Frankincense Compounds on Infection, Inflammation, and Oral Health. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134174. [PMID: 35807419 PMCID: PMC9268443 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Boswellia trees, found throughout the Middle East and parts of Africa and Asia, are the source of frankincense oil. Since antiquity, frankincense has been traded as a precious commodity, but it has also been used for the treatment of chronic disease, inflammation, oral health, and microbial infection. More recently, the bioactive components of Boswellia trees have been identified and characterized for their effects on cancer, microbial infection (especially infection by oral pathogens), and inflammation. Most studies have focused on cell lines, but more recent research has also investigated effects in animal models of disease. As natural products are considered to be safer than synthetic drugs, there is growing interest in further developing the use of substances such as frankincense oil for therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (C.L.C.A.-d.-S.); (H.A.)
| | - Nallusamy Sivakumar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
| | - Homer Asadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (C.L.C.A.-d.-S.); (H.A.)
| | - Anna Chang-Chien
- Dental Surgery Program, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA;
| | - M. Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha 0974, Qatar;
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (C.L.C.A.-d.-S.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
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