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Li M, Jiang H, Mo X, Li R, Liu L, Wu W, Liu W, Xie Y, Li X, Yan F, Qiu Z. Biostimulation accelerates landfill stabilization and resource utilization efficiency, providing feasible technical support for the overall lifecycle management of landfills. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:142984. [PMID: 39094700 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Although sanitary landfill is one of the principal municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment and disposal methods, its limitations, such as insufficient use of resources, long stability time, and high risk of environmental pollution, must be urgently resolved. The effect of multifunctional microbial community (MMC) inoculation on MSW landfill process was investigated using simulated anaerobic bioreactor landfill (ABL), and composition and microbial community structure of waste, leachate water quality, and gas production were monitored. MMC inoculation significantly accelerated lignocellulose degradation, and the (Hemicellulose content + Cellulose content)/Lignin content ((C + H)/L) of MMC inoculation treatment was 0.89 ± 0.04 on day 44, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (1.14 ± 0.02). At the end of the landfill process, the reductive organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, and volatile fatty acids in the leachate of the MMC group decreased to 9400.00 ± 288.68, 332.78 ± 5.77, and 79.33 ± 6.44 mg L-1, respectively, significantly lower than those of the control group (24,167.00 ± 208.17, 551.14 ± 5.60, and 156.33 ± 8.22 mg L-1). Meanwhile, MMC inoculation increased the methane production to 118.12 ± 5.42 L kg-1 of dry matter, significantly higher than the output of the control group (60.60 ± 2.24 L kg-1). MMC inoculation optimized the microbial community structure in ABL and increased lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms (Brevundimonas, Cellvibrio, Leifsonia, and Devosia) and methanogen (Methanosaeta and Methanoculleus) abundance in the middle stage of landfill. Moreover, MMC introduction improved the abundance of carbon metabolism enzymes and increased saprophytic fungal abundance by 30.09% in the middle stage of landfill. Overall, these findings may help in developing an effective method to increase the lifespan of landfills and enhance their post-closure management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hui Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiang Mo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ruiding Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lifeng Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wenchan Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wendong Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yong Xie
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fangfang Yan
- Panzhihua City Company, Sichuan Tobacco Company, China National Tobacco Corporation, Panzhihua, 617000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhongping Qiu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
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Li A, Jin K, Zhang Y, Deng X, Chen Y, Wei X, Hu B, Jiang Y. Root exudates and rhizosphere microbiota in responding to long-term continuous cropping of tobacco. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11274. [PMID: 38760388 PMCID: PMC11101450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil sickness a severe problem in tobacco production, leading to soil-borne diseases and reduce in tobacco yield. This occurs as a result of the interaction between root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms, which is however, little studied until now. By combining the field investigation and pot experiment, we found the output yield consistently decreased during the first 10 years of continuous cropping in a tobacco field, but increased at the 15th year (15Y). The root exudate and rhizosphere bacterial community was further analyzed to reveal the underlying mechanism of the suppressive soil formation. Root exudate of 15Y tobacco enriched in amino acids and derivatives, while depleted in the typical autotoxins including phenolic acids and alkaloids. This was correlated to the low microbial diversity in 15Y, but also the changes in community composition and topological properties of the co-occurrence network. Especially, the reduced autotoxins were associated with low Actinobacteria abundance, low network complexity and high network modularity, which significantly correlated with the recovered output yield in 15Y. This study revealed the coevolution of rhizosphere microbiota and root exudate as the soil domesticated by continuous cropping of tobacco, and indicated a potential role of the autotoxins and theirs effect on the microbial community in the formation of suppressive soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abo Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Horticulture Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, China
| | - Keke Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - YuZhen Zhang
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaopeng Deng
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Binbin Hu
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China.
| | - Yonglei Jiang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Zhao S, Li Y, Liu F, Song Z, Yang W, Lei Y, Tian P, Zhao M. Dynamic changes in fungal communities and functions in different air-curing stages of cigar tobacco leaves. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1361649. [PMID: 38567079 PMCID: PMC10985334 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1361649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Air curing (AC) plays a crucial role in cigar tobacco leaf production. The AC environment is relatively mild, contributing to a diverse microbiome. Fungi are important components of the tobacco and environmental microbiota. However, our understanding of the composition and function of fungal communities in AC remains limited. Methods In this study, changes in the chemical constituents and fungal community composition of cigar tobacco leaves during AC were evaluated using flow analysis and high-throughput sequencing. Results The moisture, water-soluble sugar, starch, total nitrogen, and protein contents of tobacco leaves exhibited decreasing trends, whereas nicotine showed an initial increase, followed by a decline. As determined by high-throughput sequencing, fungal taxa differed among all stages of AC. Functional prediction showed that saprophytic fungi were the most prevalent type during the AC process and that the chemical composition of tobacco leaves is significantly correlated with saprophytic fungi. Conclusion This study provides a deeper understanding of the dynamic changes in fungal communities during the AC process in cigar tobacco leaves and offers theoretical guidance for the application of microorganisms during the AC process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songchao Zhao
- College of Tobacco Science, Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Tobacco Science, Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Tobacco Science, Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhaopeng Song
- College of Tobacco Science, Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weili Yang
- Dazhou City Branch of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunkang Lei
- Deyang City Branch of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Deyang, Sichaun, China
| | - Pei Tian
- China Tobacco Jiangshu Industry Co., Ltd., Xuzhou Cigarette Factory, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingqin Zhao
- College of Tobacco Science, Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Zhao S, Zhang A, Zhao Q, Dong Y, Su L, Sun Y, Zhu F, Hua D, Xiong W. The impact of main Areca Catechu root exudates on soil microbial community structure and function in coffee plantation soils. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1257164. [PMID: 37928668 PMCID: PMC10623314 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1257164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is an important cash crop worldwide, but it has been plagued by serious continuous planting obstacles. Intercropping with Areca catechu could alleviate the continuous planting obstacle of coffee due to the diverse root secretions of Areca catechu. However, the mechanism of Areca catechu root secretion in alleviating coffee continuous planting obstacle is still unclear. The changes of coffee rhizosphere soil microbial compositions and functions were explored by adding simulated root secretions of Areca catechu, the primary intercropping plant species (i.e., amino acids, plant hormone, organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids and sugars) in current study. The results showed that the addition of coffee root exudates altered soil physicochemical properties, with significantly increasing the availability of potassium and organic matter contents as well as promoting soil enzyme activity. However, the addition of plant hormone, organic acids, or phenolic acids led to a decrease in the Shannon index of bacterial communities in continuously planted coffee rhizosphere soil (RS-CP). The inclusion of phenolic acids specifically caused the decrease of fungal Shannon index. Plant hormone, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and sugars increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria with reduced bacterial pathogens. Flavonoids and organic acids increased the relative abundance of potential fungal pathogen Fusarium. The polyphenol oxidase, dehydrogenase, urease, catalase, and pH were highly linked with bacterial community structure. Moreover, catalase, pH, and soil-available potassium were the main determinants of fungal communities. In conclusion, this study highlight that the addition of plant hormone, phenolic acids, and sugars could enhance enzyme activity, and promote synergistic interactions among microorganisms by enhancing the physicochemical properties of RS-CP, maintaining the soil functions in coffee continuous planting soil, which contribute to alleviate the obstacles associated with continuous coffee cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguan Zhao
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Wanning, China
- College of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ang Zhang
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Wanning, China
| | - Qingyun Zhao
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Wanning, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Sanya, China
| | - Yunping Dong
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Wanning, China
| | - Lanxi Su
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Wanning, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Wanning, China
| | - Feifei Zhu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Wanning, China
| | - Dangling Hua
- College of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wu Xiong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Wei Q, Liu L, Gu X, Gou J, Wang M. Effects of biochar and vermicompost on growth and economic benefits of continuous cropping pepper at karst yellow soil region in Southwest China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1238663. [PMID: 37799545 PMCID: PMC10548120 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1238663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, biochar (B) and vermicompost (V) have been widely used as amendments to improve crop productivity and soil quality. However, the ameliorative effects of biochar and vermicompost on the continuous cropping of pepper under open-air conditions, particularly in the karst areas of southwestern China, remain unclear. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of biochar and vermicompost application, alone or in combination, on the yield, quality, nutrient accumulation, fertilizer utilization, and economic benefits of continuous pepper cropping from 2021 to 2022. The experiment included six treatments: CK (no fertilizer), TF (traditional fertilization of local farmers), TFB (TF combined with biochar of 3000 kg·ha-1), TFV (TF combined with vermicompost of 3000 kg·ha-1), TFBV1 (TF combined with biochar of 1500 kg·ha-1 and vermicompost of 1500 kg·ha-1), and TFBV2 (TF combined with biochar of 3000 kg·ha-1 and vermicompost of 3000 kg·ha-1). Compared with the TF treatment, biochar and vermicompost application alone or in combination increased the yield of fresh pod pepper by 24.38-50.03% and 31.61-88.92% in 2021 and 2022, respectively, whereas the yield of dry pod pepper increased by 14.69-40.63% and 21.44-73.29% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The application of biochar and vermicompost reduced the nitrate content and increased the vitamin C (VC) and soluble sugar content of the fruits, which is beneficial for improving their quality. Biochar and vermicompost application alone or in combination not only increased nutrient uptake but also significantly improved agronomic efficiency (AE) and recovery efficiency (RE). In addition, although the application of biochar or vermicompost increased production costs, the increase in yield improved net income (ranging from 0.77 to 22.34% in 2021 and 8.82 to 59.96% in 2022), particularly in the TFBV2 treatment. In conclusion, the use of biochar and vermicompost amendments had a positive effect on the productivity and economic benefits of continuous pepper cropping, and the co-application of biochar and vermicompost could be an effective nutrient management strategy for the continuous cropping of pepper in the karst mountain areas of southwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Quanquan Wei
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Gu
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiulan Gou
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, China
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Marín-Guirao JI, García-García MDC, Martín-Expósito E, de Cara-García M. Continued Organic Fertigation after Basal Manure Application Does Not Impact Soil Fungal Communities, Tomato Yield or Soil Fertility. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1715. [PMID: 37512888 PMCID: PMC10386759 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently a limited understanding of the complex response of fungal microbiota diversity to organic fertigation. In this work, a 2-year field trial with organic tomato crops in a soil previously amended with fresh sheep manure was conducted. Two hypotheses were compared: (i) fertigation with organic liquid fertilizers versus (ii) irrigation with water. At the end of both years, soils were analyzed for physical-chemical parameters and mycobiome variables. Plate culture and DNA metabarcoding methods were performed in order to obtain a detailed understanding of soil fungal communities. Fertigation did not increase any of the physical-chemical parameters. Concerning soil fungal communities, differences were only found regarding the identification of biomarkers. The class Leotiomycetes and the family Myxotrichaceae were identified as biomarkers in the soil fungal community analyzed by means of DNA metabarcoding of the "fertigation" treatment at the end of Year 1. The Mortierella genus was detected as a biomarker in the "water" treatment, and Mucor was identified in the "fertigation" treatment in the cultivable soil fungi at the end of Year 2. In both years, tomato yield and fruit quality did not consistently differ between treatments, despite the high cost of the fertilizers added through fertigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Ignacio Marín-Guirao
- Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research Training (IFAPA) La Mojonera, Camino San Nicolás, 1, 04745 Almería, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen García-García
- Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research Training (IFAPA) La Mojonera, Camino San Nicolás, 1, 04745 Almería, Spain
| | - Emilio Martín-Expósito
- Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research Training (IFAPA) La Mojonera, Camino San Nicolás, 1, 04745 Almería, Spain
| | - Miguel de Cara-García
- Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research Training (IFAPA) La Mojonera, Camino San Nicolás, 1, 04745 Almería, Spain
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Schlatter DC, Gamble JD, Castle S, Rogers J, Wilson M. Abiotic and Biotic Drivers of Soil Fungal Communities in Response to Dairy Manure Amendment. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0193122. [PMID: 37212685 PMCID: PMC10304672 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01931-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern agriculture often relies on large inputs of synthetic fertilizers to maximize crop yield potential, yet their intensive use has led to nutrient losses and impaired soil health. Alternatively, manure amendments provide plant available nutrients, build organic carbon, and enhance soil health. However, we lack a clear understanding of how consistently manure impacts fungal communities, the mechanisms via which manure impacts soil fungi, and the fate of manure-borne fungi in soils. We assembled soil microcosms using five soils to investigate how manure amendments impact fungal communities over a 60-day incubation. Further, we used autoclaving treatments of soils and manure to determine if observed changes in soil fungal communities were due to abiotic or biotic properties, and if indigenous soil communities constrained colonization of manure-borne fungi. We found that manure amended soil fungal communities diverged from nonamended communities over time, often in concert with a reduction in diversity. Fungal communities responded to live and autoclaved manure in a similar manner, suggesting that abiotic forces are primarily responsible for the observed dynamics. Finally, manure-borne fungi declined quickly in both live and autoclaved soil, indicating that the soil environment is unsuitable for their survival. IMPORTANCE Manure amendments in agricultural systems can impact soil microbial communities via supplying growth substrates for indigenous microbes or by introducing manure-borne taxa. This study explores the consistency of these impacts on soil fungal communities and the relative importance of abiotic and biotic drivers across distinct soils. Different fungal taxa responded to manure among distinct soils, and shifts in soil fungal communities were driven largely by abiotic factors, rather than introduced microbes. This work demonstrates that manure may have inconsistent impacts on indigenous soil fungi, and that abiotic properties of soils render them largely resistant to invasion by manure-borne fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua D. Gamble
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sarah Castle
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Julia Rogers
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Melissa Wilson
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Chen Y, Lv X, Qin Y, Zhang D, Zhang C, Song Z, Liu D, Jiang L, Huang B, Wang J. Effects of different botanical oil meal mixed with cow manure organic fertilizers on soil microbial community and function and tobacco yield and quality. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191059. [PMID: 37303792 PMCID: PMC10248155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The continuous application of cow manure in soil for many years leads to the accumulation of heavy metals, pathogenic microorganisms, and antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, in recent years, cow manure has often been mixed with botanical oil meal as organic fertilizer applied to farmland to improve soil and crop quality. However, the effects of various botanical oil meal and cow manure mixed organic fertilizers on soil microbial composition, community structure, and function, tobacco yield, and quality remain unclear. Methods Therefore, we prepared organic manure via solid fermentation by mixing cow manure with different oil meals (soybean meal, rape meal, peanut bran, sesame meal). Then, we studied its effects on soil microbial community structure and function, physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, tobacco yield and quality; then we analyzed the correlations between these factors. Results and discussion Compared with cow manure alone, the four kinds of mixed botanical oil meal and cow manure improved the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco to different degrees. Peanut bran, which significantly improved the soil available phosphorus, available potassium, and NO3--N, was the best addition. Compared with cow manure alone, soil fungal diversity was significantly decreased when rape meal or peanut bran was combined with cow manure, while soil bacterial and fungal abundance was significantly increased when rape meal was added compared with soybean meal or peanut bran. The addition of different botanical oil meals significantly enriched the subgroup_7 and Spingomonas bacteria and Chaetomium and Penicillium fungi in the soil. The relative abundances of functional genes of xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, soil endophytic fungi, and wood saprotroph functional groups increased. In addition, alkaline phosphatase had the greatest effect on soil microorganisms, while NO3--N had the least effect on soil microorganisms. In conclusion, the mixed application of cow manure and botanical oil meal increased the available phosphorus and potassium contents in soil; enriched beneficial microorganisms; promoted the metabolic function of soil microorganisms; increased the yield and quality of tobacco; and improved the soil microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Chen
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolin Lv
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanmin Qin
- Jiangxi Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deping Zhang
- Guangxi Provincial Tobacco Company, Nanning, China
| | | | | | - Dongyang Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company Liangshanzhou Company, Liangshanzhou, China
| | - Lianqiang Jiang
- Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company Liangshanzhou Company, Liangshanzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Wang T, Cheng K, Huo X, Meng P, Cai Z, Wang Z, Zhou J. Bioorganic fertilizer promotes pakchoi growth and shapes the soil microbial structure. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1040437. [PMID: 36426155 PMCID: PMC9679507 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1040437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a functional probiotic, Bacillus subtilis can promote crop growth and improve nutrient utilization by various mechanisms, so it has been made into bioorganic fertilizer as a replacement for chemical fertilizer. However, the effects of B. subtilis bioorganic fertilizer application on the yield and quality of commercial crops of Brassica chinensis L., the soil physicochemical properties and the microflora have not been clarified. In this study, pot experiments were conducted using Brassica chinensis L. plants with four fertilization treatments: control without fertilization (CK), chemical fertilizer (CF), organic fertilizer (OF), and bioorganic fertilizer containing B. subtilis (BF). After 30 days of pot experiment, the results showed that BF efficiently improved plant height and biomass (1.20- and 1.93-fold, respectively); as well as significantly increasing soil available potassium and pH value. Using high-throughput sequencing, we examined the bacterial and fungal communities in the soil, and found that their diversity was remarkablely reduced in the BF treatment compared to CK group. A principal coordinate analysis also showed a clear separation of bacterial and fungal communities in the BF and CK groups. After application of B. subtilis bioorganic fertilizer, some beneficial bacteria (such as Bacillus and Ammoniphilus) and fungi (Trichoderma and Mortierella) were enriched. A network analysis indicated that bacteria were the dominant soil microbes and the presence of B. subtilis stimulated the colonization of beneficial microbial communities. In addition, predictive functional profiling demonstrated that the application of bioorganic fertilizer enhanced the function of mineral element metabolism and absorption and increased the relative abundance of saprotrophs. Overall, the application of bioorganic fertilizer effectively changed the soil microflora, improved the soil available potassium and pH value, and boosted the yield of Brassica chinensis L. This work has valuable implications for promoting the safe planting of facility vegetables and the sustainable development of green agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keke Cheng
- Institute of Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingjuan Huo
- Ecological Fertilizer Research Institute, Shenzhen Batian Ecological Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Pinpin Meng
- Ecological Fertilizer Research Institute, Shenzhen Batian Ecological Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhonghua Cai
- Institute of Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zongkang Wang
- Ecological Fertilizer Research Institute, Shenzhen Batian Ecological Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Institute of Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
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Sun J, Luo H, Yu Q, Kou B, Jiang Y, Weng L, Xiao C. Optimal NPK Fertilizer Combination Increases Panax ginseng Yield and Quality and Affects Diversity and Structure of Rhizosphere Fungal Communities. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:919434. [PMID: 35801112 PMCID: PMC9255912 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil microorganisms affect crop rhizospheres via the transformation and transport of nutrients, which has important influences on soil fertility, carbon sequestration, and plant yield and health in agroecosystems. There are few reports on the effects of fertilizer application on the growth of Panax ginseng (C. A. Mey.) or the structure of its rhizosphere microbial communities. In this study, an orthogonal experimental design was used to explore the effects of nine different combinations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers with different amounts and proportions on ginseng growth and accumulation of ginsenosides and the structure of rhizosphere soil fungal communities. Soil without fertilization was the control. With the combined application of NPK, ginseng growth and development increased. The fertilization scheme N3P1K3, with N fertilizer at 50 g·m−2, P fertilizer at 15 g·m−2, and K fertilizer at 60 g·m−2, had the most comprehensive benefit and significantly increased ginseng rhizome biomass and ginsenoside contents (Rg1, Re, Rf, Rg2, Rb1, Ro, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd). Amplicon sequencing showed that NPK application increased the diversity of fungal communities in ginseng rhizospheres, whereas richness was bidirectionally regulated by proportions and amounts of NPK. Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum in ginseng rhizosphere soil, and relative abundances decreased with combined NPK application. Combined NPK application increased the relative abundance of potential beneficial fungi, such as Mortierella, but decreased that of potentially pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium. Correlation analysis showed that potential beneficial fungi were significantly positively correlated with ginseng rhizome yield and ginsenoside contents, whereas the opposite relation was observed with potential pathogenic fungi. Thus, in addition to directly increasing crop growth, precise NPK application can also increase crop adaptability to the environment by shaping specific microbial communities. The results of this study suggest that the combined effects of biotic and abiotic processes on agricultural production determine crop yield and quality.
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