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Xiong S, Yun J, Zhang C, Li W, Zhou F, Tian M, Jiang A. Assessment of the effect of ascorbic acid, sodium isoascorbate and calcium ascorbate treatments on the browning and wound healing process of fresh-cut potatoes. Food Chem 2025; 463:141454. [PMID: 39362097 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Browning significantly affects consumer perception, while texture hardening due to wound healing further reduces the commercial value of fresh-cut potatoes. This study evaluated the effects of 5 g L-1 ascorbic acid (AA), sodium isoascorbate (SI), and calcium ascorbate (CA) on browning and wound healing during ambient storage. The results indicated that AA and SI were more effective than CA and the control in delaying browning and wound healing. By day 3, browning levels in the AA and SI groups were reduced to 65 % and 62 % of the control, respectively, while lignin content decreased by 35 % and 40 %. Additionally, AA and SI treatments reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improved antioxidant capacity, preserving appearance and texture. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of browning and wound healing, suggesting potential strategies for extending the shelf life and improving the quality of fresh-cut potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siguo Xiong
- College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China.
| | - Jing Yun
- College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Chunjie Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Fuhui Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Mixia Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Aili Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China.
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2
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Wang J, Chen D, Ran L, Xu D, Sun H, Yang J, Zhu B. Effects of chestnut shell extract and citric acid on the properties of navel orange pomace/chitosan composite films. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 283:137575. [PMID: 39561844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Revised: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
The improper use of citrus peel and nondegradable plastic film can cause substantial issues, such as environmental pollution and resource waste. Herein, navel orange pomace powder (NOPP) and chitosan (CS) were used as the raw material and film-forming additive, respectively, to prepare biobased composite films. Chestnut shell extract (CHE) and citric acid (CA) were added to the prepared NOPP/CS biobased multifunctional films. Based on ensuring the tensile strength of the film above 10 MPa, the elongation at break of the film can be increased from 19.11 % to 34.93 %, the water contact angle can reach 60°, and the water vapor transmittance can be significantly reduced to approximately 1.1 × 10-10 gs-1m-1Pa-1. Additionally, the antibacterial ability and antioxidant capacity of the composite film were improved. We observed that the multifunctional film could significantly inhibit the browning of fresh-cut apples, where the browning index was maintained between 60 and 65, which was 25 % lower than that of the control. The newly developed film therefore possesses the potential to replace the traditional plastic cling film. This research contributes to the literature regarding the source of raw materials for biobased materials and highlights the value of navel orange processing by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Daozong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China; National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Luxia Ran
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Dingfeng Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Hao Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Jiangxi Bojun Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, Jiangxi 344700, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China; National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China.
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Gao X, Wang W, Chen O, Huang J, Zeng K. Building a protective shield: The role of wound healing in reducing postharvest decay and preserving quality of citrus fruit. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 217:109272. [PMID: 39541864 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/03/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Postharvest citrus fruit is susceptible to pathogenic infestation and quality reduction through wounds, leading to tremendous commercial losses. Herein, wound healing of citrus fruit was obviously at 25 °C for five days to form a barrier effective against the development of infectious diseases and water dissipation. Combined with the results of transcriptional and metabolic levels, wound healing activated the expression of CsKCS4, CsKCS11, CsCYP704B1, CsFAH1, CsGPAT3 and CsGPAT9 genes in suberin biosynthesis pathway, and CsPMEI7, CsCesA-D3, CsXTH2, CsXTH6, CsXTH22, CsXTH23, CsXTH24, CsC4H and CsCAD genes in cell wall metabolism pathway, leading to the accumulation of suberin monomers and cell wall components. The results of microscopic observations proved wound healing promoted suberin deposition and cell wall strengthening. Meanwhile, wound healing required the provision of energy and precursor substances by carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism. We provide new insights into the regulatory mechanism of wound healing on improving disease resistance and maintaining the quality of citrus fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Gao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Food Storage and Logistics Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Ou Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Kaifang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Food Storage and Logistics Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, 400712, PR China.
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4
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Xiao W, Liu A, Lai W, Wang J, Li X, Zha Y, Zhao B, Chen X, Yu H. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed the molecular mechanisms of fruit skin coloration in pink strawberry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1486892. [PMID: 39450075 PMCID: PMC11499181 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1486892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
Elucidating the key genes and metabolites responsible for fruit skin color is essential for the breeding of strawberry varieties with beautiful fruit color. Here, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were used to identify the key genes and metabolites associated with fruit skin color in strawberry accessions of red skin (Kaorino), white skin (2012-W02), and the pink skin (Fenyu NO.1, the F1 hybrid of Kaorino and 2012-W02). The metabolomic data showed that the content of anthocyanin-related metabolites, such as p-Coumaroyl quinic acid, 5-Hydroxyconiferyl alcohol and Coumestrol were significantly higher in red-skinned strawberry line Kaorino than in the white-skinned line 2012-W02. The flavonoids and isoflavonoids such as syringetin and 2,7,4'-trihydroxy-isoflavone, were less expressed in the Kaorino than in the other two accessions. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, such as BZ1, F3H, CHS, CHI, DFR, 4CL, PAL, CCR, 4CL, F5H, REF1 and UGT72E, were also significantly upregulated in the red-skinned line Kaorino compared to the white-skinned line 2012-W02, while the HCT, CYP75B1, FG3, HIDH, IF7MAT, I2'H, and VR was downregulated in Kaorino. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that the pathways of isoflavonoid biosynthesis and flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway essential for anthocyanin synthesis were commonly enriched by DRMs and DEGs. In addition, the metabolites of peonidin 3-O-glucoside, 2'-hydroxydaidzein and daidzin, and the genes of CYP93B2_16 and UGT73C6 were detected and most accumulated in pink-skinned Fenyu NO.1. This result suggested that the main strategy for obtaining a red skin color is to enhance the upstream pathway of anthocyanin biosynthesis, including the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, and to restrict the downstream steps in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, such as the branch pathway of flavone and flavonol biosynthesis and isoflavonoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Xiao
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aichun Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenguo Lai
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Li
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zha
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Seed Center, Zhejiang Provincial Seed Management Station, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology Research, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Liu C, Fan H, Zhang J, Wu J, Zhou M, Cao F, Tao G, Zhou X. Combating browning: mechanisms and management strategies in in vitro culture of economic woody plants. FORESTRY RESEARCH 2024; 4:e032. [PMID: 39524408 PMCID: PMC11524309 DOI: 10.48130/forres-0024-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Browning presents a significant challenge in the in vitro culture of economically important woody plants, primarily due to high levels of lignification and the accumulation of secondary metabolites. This phenomenon hampers the development of efficient regeneration and genetic transformation systems across diverse species. This review examines the internal and external factors contributing to browning, including genetic attributes, tree genotypes, physiological state of explants, explant surface sterilization, medium composition, and overall culture conditions. It explores the underlying mechanisms of browning, particularly enzymatic browning caused by the oxidation of phenolic compounds, and highlights the crucial role of redox pathways and phenolic metabolism. Conventional methods for assessing browning, such as sensory evaluation by researchers and the examination of paraffin sections stained with toluidine blue, are commonly used but introduce significant delays and potential biases. The review emphasizes the importance of accurate and timely browning assessment methods, notably the use of Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining, as a reliable and quantitative measure of cell viability to better evaluate browning intensity and progression. Additionally, this review explores the potential manipulation of key genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway to lower phenolic biosynthesis. Advanced strategies, such as regenerative gene manipulation and natural product encapsulation, are also discussed for their potential to improve regeneration outcomes. By integrating recent advancements in molecular biology and tissue culture techniques, this review offers novel insights and potential solutions for mitigating browning, thereby enhancing the regeneration capacities of woody plants. This comprehensive approach addresses the mechanistic bases of browning and underscores the importance of optimizing cultural practices and genetic strategies to overcome this challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongrui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingbing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Bamboo Industry Institute, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Guiyun Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Bamboo Industry Institute , Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
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Li N, Chen W, Wang B, Zhang C, Wang Y, Li R, Yan Y, He J. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve the disease resistance of Lycium barbarum to root rot by activating phenylpropane metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1459651. [PMID: 39354935 PMCID: PMC11443343 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1459651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Root rot is one of the common diseases of Lycium barbarum. Pathogens can cause devastating disasters to plants after infecting host plants. This study investigated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Rhizophagus intraradices inoculation on phenylpropane metabolism in L. barbarum and evaluated its resistance to root rot. The experiment was set up with AMF inoculation treatments (inoculated or not) and root rot pathogen-Fusarium solani inoculation treatments (inoculated or not). The results showed that AMF was able to form a symbiosis with the root system of L. barbarum, thereby promoting plant growth significantly and increasing plants' resistance to disease stress. The plant height of AMF-colonized L. barbarum increased by 24.83% compared to non-inoculated diseased plants. After inoculation with AMF, the plant defense response induced by pathogen infection was stronger. When the enzyme activity of the leaves reached the maximum after the onset of mycorrhizal L. barbarum, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase, and 4-coumaric acid-CoA ligase increased by 3.67%, 31.47%, and 13.61%, respectively, compared with the non-inoculated diseased plants. The products related to the lignin pathway and flavonoid pathway downstream of phenylpropane metabolism such as lignin and flavonoids were also significantly increased by 141.65% and 44.61% compared to nonmycorrhizal diseased plants. The activities of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase increased by 36.00% and 57.96%, respectively. The contents of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid were also 17.7% and 31.63% higher than those of nonmycorrhizal plants in the early stage of plant growth, respectively. The results indicated that AMF significantly promoted plant growth and enhanced disease resistance by increasing enzyme activities and the production of lignin and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chongqing Zhang
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruiyun Li
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuke Yan
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing He
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Wolfberry Harmless Cultivation Engineering Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Tong M, Ding Y, Yu H, Zhang W, Wu D. Integrated non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics reveals the browning mechanism of scraped ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.). J Food Sci 2024; 89:3260-3275. [PMID: 38685879 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) possesses a rich nutritional profile, making it a valuable ingredient for a wide range of culinary applications. After removing its outer skin, ginger can be effectively utilized in the production of pickles and other processed food products. However, following scraping, ginger undergoes a series of physiological and biochemical changes during storage, which can impact its subsequent development and utilization in food. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the browning mechanism of scraped ginger using non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics. The findings revealed 149 shared differential metabolites and 639 shared differential genes among freshly scraped ginger, ginger browned for 5 days, and ginger browned for 15 days. These metabolites and genes are primarily enriched in stilbenes, diarylheptane, and gingerol biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. Through the combined regulation of these pathways, the levels of phenolic components (such as chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid) and the ginger indicator component (6-gingerol) decreased, whereas promoting an increase in the content of coniferaldehyde and curcumin. Additionally, the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) were significantly increased (p-adjust <0.05). This study hypothesized that chlorogenic and ferulic acid undergo polymerization under the catalysis of PPO and POD, thereby exacerbating the lignification of scraped ginger. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for understanding the browning mechanism of ginger after scraping. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Ginger's quality and nutrition can change when its skin is removed. This happens due to physical and biochemical reactions during scraping. The browning that occurs affects both the taste and health benefits of ginger, we can better understand how to prevent browning and maintain ginger's quality. This research sheds light on improving ginger processing techniques for better products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moru Tong
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Concoction Heritage Base of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre for Quality Enhancement of Taoist Chinese Medicinal Materials established by the Ministry of Commerce of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Yangfei Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Concoction Heritage Base of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre for Quality Enhancement of Taoist Chinese Medicinal Materials established by the Ministry of Commerce of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Bozhou University, Bozhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Concoction Heritage Base of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre for Quality Enhancement of Taoist Chinese Medicinal Materials established by the Ministry of Commerce of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Deling Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Concoction Heritage Base of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre for Quality Enhancement of Taoist Chinese Medicinal Materials established by the Ministry of Commerce of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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Dogramaci M, Sarkar D, Finger FL, Shetty K, Fugate KK. Natural elicitors enhanced suberin polyphenolic accumulation in wounded potato tuber tissues. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1384602. [PMID: 38867884 PMCID: PMC11168116 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1384602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Unintended wounding or bruising during harvest or postharvest handling leads to significant tuber loss and imposes economic burden to potato industry. Therefore, finding effective strategies to mitigate wound-related tuber losses is very important from industry perspectives. Formation of protective barrier through accumulation of suberin polyphenolics (SPP) is a natural and initial response of potato tuber tissues to wounding. Materials and methods In this study, efficacy of two natural elicitors, such as chitosan oligosaccharide (COS 0.125 g L-1) and cranberry pomace residue (Nutri-Cran 0.125 g L-1) was investigated using a mechanically wounded tuber tissue model and by histological determination of SPP formation in five agronomically relevant and red-skin potato cultivars (Chieftain, Dakota Rose, Dakota Ruby, Red LaSoda, Red Norland). Furthermore, the potential role of stress protective metabolic regulation involving phenolic metabolites, proline, and antioxidant enzymes in tuber WH processes were also investigated during 0-9 days after wounding. Results and discussion Exogenous treatments of both COS and Nutri-Cran resulted into enhanced SPP formation in wounded surface, but the impact was more rapid with Nutri-Cran treatment in select cultivars. Greater contents of total soluble phenolic, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, total antioxidant activity, and superoxide dismutase activity were also observed in elicitor treated tuber tissues at different time points after wounding. Nutri-Cran treatment also reduced the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in Red Norland and Dakota Ruby at 3 d, indicating a suppression in respiration rate. Collectively, these results suggest that Nutri-Cran can be potentially utilized as an effective WH treatment to potato tubers for minimizing wound-related losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munevver Dogramaci
- Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Dipayan Sarkar
- Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Fernando L. Finger
- Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, ND, United States
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Agronomia, Av. P.H. Rolfs, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Kalidas Shetty
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Karen K. Fugate
- Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, ND, United States
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Wang C, Wei L, Liu X, Ye Q. Acibenzolar-S-methyl promotes wound healing of harvested sweet potatoes ( Ipomoea batatas) by regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23319. [PMID: 38801747 DOI: 10.1071/fp23319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Rapid wound healing is crucial in protecting sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas ) against infection, water loss and quality deterioration during storage. The current study investigated how acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) treatment influenced wound healing in harvested sweet potatoes by investigating the underlying mechanism. It was found that ASM treatment of wounded sweet potatoes induced a significant accumulation of lignin at the wound sites, which effectively suppressed weight loss. After 4days of healing, the lignin content of ASM-treated sweet potatoes was 41.8% higher than that of untreated ones, and the weight loss rate was 20.4% lower. Moreover, ASM treatment increased the ability of sweet potatoes to defend against wounding stress through enhancing processes such as increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of enzymes involved in the ROS metabolism (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) and phenylpropanoid pathway (phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase), and intensive synthesis of phenolics and flavonoids. These results suggest that treating harvested sweet potatoes with ASM promotes wound healing through the activation of the ROS metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Wang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Lei Wei
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China; and Pingshan County Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Yibin 645350, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Qi Ye
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China
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Beleggia R, Iannucci A, Menga V, Quitadamo F, Suriano S, Citti C, Pecchioni N, Trono D. Impact of Chitosan-Based Foliar Application on the Phytochemical Content and the Antioxidant Activity in Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) Inflorescences. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3692. [PMID: 37960049 PMCID: PMC10648115 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the phytochemical content and the antioxidant activity in the inflorescences of the monoecious hemp cultivar Codimono grown in southern Italy were assessed, and their elicitation was induced by foliar spray application of 50 mg/L and 250 mg/L of chitosan (CHT) at three different molecular weights (low, CHT L; medium, CHT M; high CHT H). The analysis of the phytochemical profile confirmed that cannabinoids were the most abundant class (54.2%), followed by flavonoids (40.3%), tocopherols (2.2%), phenolic acids (1.9%), and carotenoids (1.4%). Cannabinoids were represented almost exclusively by cannabidiol, whereas cannabigerol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were detected at very low levels (the latter was below the legal limit of 0.3%). The most abundant flavonoids were orientin and vitexin, whereas tocopherols were mainly represented by α-tocopherol. The antioxidant activity was found to be positively correlated with flavonoids and tocopherols. Statistical analysis revealed that the CHT treatments significantly affected the phytochemical content and the antioxidant activity of hemp inflorescences. Notably, a significant increase in the total phenolic content (from +36% to +69%), the α-tocopherol (from +45% to +75%) and β+γ-tocopherol (from +35% to +82%) contents, and the ABTS radical scavenging activity (from +12% to +28%) was induced by all the CHT treatments. In addition, treatments with CHT 50 solutions induced an increase in the total flavonoid content (from +12% to +27%), as well as in the vitexin (from +17% to +20%) and orientin (from +20% to +30%) contents. Treatment with CHT 50 L almost always resulted in the greatest increases. Overall, our findings indicated that CHT could be used as a low-cost and environmentally safe elicitor to improve the health benefits and the economic value of hemp inflorescences, thus promoting their employment in the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic supply chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Beleggia
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Anna Iannucci
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Valeria Menga
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Filippo Quitadamo
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Serafino Suriano
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Cinzia Citti
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Nicola Pecchioni
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Daniela Trono
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
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Deng H, Ma L, Gong D, Xue S, Ackah S, Prusky D, Bi Y. BTH-induced joint regulation of wound healing at the wounds of apple fruit by JA and its downstream transcription factors. Food Chem 2023; 410:135184. [PMID: 36623456 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Jasmonic acids (JAs) are important injury signaling molecules, which participate in the process of wound healing in plants. However, how JA and its downstream transcription factors involve in wound healing in apple fruit mediated by BTH has not been reported yet. In the present study, BTH treatment up-regulated gene expression of MdLOX3.1, MdAOS1, MdAOC, and MdOPR3, promoting JA synthesis at fruit wounds. Moreover, BTH up-regulated the gene expression of MdMYC2, MdGAIPB, and MdMYB108 transcription factors and increased MdPAL1, Md4CL2, MdCOMT1, and MdCAD6 expression. In addition, BTH facilitated the synthesis of phenylpropanoid metabolism products and accelerated suberin polyphenolics deposition at the wounds, which effectively reduced fruit weight loss and lesion diameter of apple fruit inoculated with Penicillium expansum during healing. It is suggested that BTH induced wound healing in apple fruit by the stimulating JA and its downstream transcription factors, and phenylpropanoid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Li Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Di Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Sulin Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Sabina Ackah
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Dov Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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12
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Yu L, Zhang X, Zhang F, Tang Y, Gong D, Oyom W, Li Y, Prusky D, Romanazzi G, Bi Y. Chitosan and chitooligosaccharide regulated reactive oxygen species homeostasis at wounds of pear fruit during healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124395. [PMID: 37054853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Both chitosan (CTS) and chitooligosaccharide (COS) can promote fruit healing. However, whether the two chemicals regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis during wound healing of pear fruit remains unknown. In this study, the wounded pear fruit (Pyrus bretschneideri cv. Dongguo) was treated with a 1 g L-1 CTS and COS. We found CTS and COS treatments increased NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and promoted O2.- and H2O2 production at wounds. CTS and COS also enhanced the activities of catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase, and elevated the levels of ascorbic acid and glutathione. In addition, the two chemicals improved antioxidant capacity in vitro and maintained cell membrane integrity at fruit wounds during healing. Taken together, CTS and COS can regulate ROS homeostasis at wounds of pear fruit during healing by scavenging excessive H2O2 and improving antioxidant capacity. Overall, the COS demonstrated superior performance over the CTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingbo Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Di Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - William Oyom
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dov Prusky
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
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Diacetyl Inhibits the Browning of Fresh-Cut Stem Lettuce by Regulating the Metabolism of Phenylpropane and Antioxidant Ability. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040740. [PMID: 36832814 PMCID: PMC9955407 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic browning is the main quality issue of fresh-cut stem lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. angustana Irish). In this research, the effect of diacetyl on the browning and browning-related mechanisms of fresh-cut stem lettuce was explored. The data showed that diacetyl treatment with 10 μL L-1 inhibited the browning of fresh-cut stem lettuce and extended the shelf life by over 8 d at 4 °C compared with the control. Diacetyl treatment repressed gene expression and decreased the activities of PAL (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), C4H (cinnamate-4-hydroxylase) and 4CL (4-coumarate-CoA ligase), which thus reduced the accumulation of individual and total phenolic compounds. Moreover, diacetyl enhanced the antioxidant ability and reduced ROS accumulation, improving the anti-browning ability and indirectly suppressing the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds. These results indicated that diacetyl treatment repressed the browning of fresh-cut stem lettuce by regulating the phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway and antioxidant ability. This study is the first to report that diacetyl has an effective anti-browning role for fresh-cut stem lettuce.
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Ackah S, Bi Y, Xue S, Yakubu S, Han Y, Zong Y, Atuna RA, Prusky D. Post-harvest chitosan treatment suppresses oxidative stress by regulating reactive oxygen species metabolism in wounded apples. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:959762. [PMID: 35982700 PMCID: PMC9379280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.959762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical wound on fruit triggers the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that weaken cell walls, resulting in post-harvest losses. This mechanism can be controlled by using fruit preservatives to stimulate fruit antioxidant enzyme activities for the detoxification of ROS. Chitosan is a safe and environmentally friendly preservative that modulates ROS in whole fruits and plant cells, but the effects of chitosan on the ROS metabolism of mechanically wounded apples during storage are unknown. Our study focused on exploring the effects of post-harvest chitosan treatment on ROS production, cell membrane integrity, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems at fruit wounds during storage. Apple fruits (cv. Fuji) were artificially wounded, treated with 2.5% (w/v) chitosan, and stored at room temperature (21-25°C, RH = 81-85%) for 7 days. Non-wounded apples were used as healthy controls. The results showed that chitosan treatment stimulated the activities of NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase and increased the formation of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in fruit wounds. However, malondialdehyde, lipoxygenase, and membrane permeability, which are direct biomarkers to evaluate lipid peroxidation and membrane integrity, were significantly decreased in the wounded fruits after chitosan treatment compared to the wounded control fruits. Antioxidant enzymes, such as peroxidase and catalase activities, were induced by chitosan at fruit wounds. In addition, ascorbate-glutathione cycle-related enzymes; ascorbate peroxide, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase and the content of substrates, mainly ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbate, reduced glutathione, and glutathione, were increased at fruit wounds by chitosan compared to the wounded control fruits. Our results show that wounding stimulated the production of ROS or oxidative stress. However, treatment with chitosan triggered antioxidant systems to scavenge ROS and prevent loss of fruit membrane integrity. Therefore, chitosan promises to be a favorable preservative in inducing tolerance to stress and maintaining fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Ackah
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sulin Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Salimata Yakubu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Richard Atinpoore Atuna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Dov Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Post-harvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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