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Kuang HX, Dong CY, Yan L, Zhou Y, Xiang MD, Yu YJ. Exposure to synthesized tribromobisphenol A and critical effects: Metabolic pathways, disease signature, and benchmark dose derivation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:173117. [PMID: 38734097 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
2,2',6-Tribromobisphenol A (Tri-BBPA), the main debrominated congener of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), is ubiquitous in the environment and human body but with unknown toxicity. Tri-BBPA was synthesized and applied to investigate its sub-chronic exposure effects on 28 organ coefficients and clinical health indicators related to liver function, kidney function, and cardiovascular system function in female mice. Results showed that the liver was the targeted organ of Tri-BBPA exposure. Compared to the control group, the changes in liver coefficient, cholinesterase, total protein, albumin, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase levels ranged from -61.2 % to 35.5 % in the high-exposed group. Creatine kinase was identified as a critical effect indicator of Tri-BBPA exposure. Using the Bayesian benchmark dose derivation method, a lower reference dose than TBBPA was established for Tri-BBPA (10.6 μg/kg-day). Serum metabolomics revealed that Tri-BBPA exposure may primarily damage the liver by disrupting tryptophan metabolism related to L-alanine, tryptamine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and 5-methoxyindoleacetate in liver cells and leading to liver dysfunction. Notably, epilepsy, schizophrenia, early preeclampsia, and late-onset preeclampsia were the top six enriched diseases, suggesting that the nervous system may be particularly affected by Tri-BBPA exposure. Our findings hinted a non-negligible health risk of exposure to debrominated products of TBBPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xuan Kuang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Chen-Yin Dong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Lei Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Ming-Deng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China.
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China.
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Tan Z, Shen P, Wen Y, Sun HY, Liang HY, Qie HJ, Dai RW, Gao Y, Huang Z, Zhou W, Tang LJ. Assessment of metabolomic variations among individuals returning to plain areas after exposure to high altitudes: a metabolomic analysis of human plasma samples with high-altitude de-acclimatization syndrome. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1375360. [PMID: 38962282 PMCID: PMC11220191 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1375360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background High altitude de-acclimatization (HADA) is gradually becoming a public health concern as millions of individuals of different occupations migrate to high-altitude areas for work due to economic growth in plateau areas. HADA affects people who return to lower elevations after exposure to high altitudes. It causes significant physiological and functional changes that can negatively impact health and even endanger life. However, uncertainties persist about the detailed mechanisms underlying HADA. Methods We established a population cohort of individuals with HADA and assessed variations in metabolite composition. Plasm samples of four groups, including subjects staying at plain (P) and high altitude (H) as well as subjects suffering from HADA syndrome with almost no reaction (r3) and mild-to-moderate reaction (R3) after returning to plain from high altitude, were collected and analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry metabolomic. Multivariate statistical analyses were used to explore significant differences and potential clinical prospect of metabolites. Result Although significantly different on current HADAS diagnostic symptom score, there were no differences in 17 usual clinical indices between r3 and R3. Further multivariate analyses showed isolated clustering distribution of the metabolites among the four groups, suggesting significant differences in their metabolic characteristics. Through K-means clustering analysis, we identified 235 metabolites that exhibited patterns of abundance change consistent with phenotype of HADA syndrome. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated a high influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids under high-altitude conditions. We compared the metabolites between R3 and r3 and found 107 metabolites with differential abundance involved in lipid metabolism and oxidation, suggesting their potential role in the regulation of oxidative stress homeostasis. Among them, four metabolites might play a key role in the occurrence of HADA, including 11-beta-hydroxyandrosterone-3-glucuronide, 5-methoxyindoleacetate, 9,10-epoxyoctadecenoic acid, and PysoPC (20:5). Conclusion We observed the dynamic variation in the metabolic process of HADA. Levels of four metabolites, which might be provoking HADA mediated through lipid metabolism and oxidation, were expected to be explore prospective indices for HADA. Additionally, metabolomics was more efficient in identifying environmental risk factors than clinical examination when dramatic metabolic disturbances underlying the difference in symptoms were detected, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of HADAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tan
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-yu Sun
- Department of Central Lab, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-yin Liang
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua-ji Qie
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui-wu Dai
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Huang
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li-jun Tang
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zheng Y, Song J, Huang L, Chen G, Ning N, Huang Q, Liu S, Wu Y, Du Q, Cai J, Li Y. WeiNaiAn capsule attenuates intestinal mucosal injury and regulates gut microbiome in indomethacin-induced rat. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 173:106609. [PMID: 38880193 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Indomethacin, as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, is widely used in the clinic. However, it can cause severe injury to the gastrointestinal tract and the incidence is increasing. It has become an essential clinical problem in preventing intestinal damage. Teprenone has been reported to have a significant positive effect on intestinal mucosal lesions, but long-term use of teprenone can elicit adverse reactions. WeiNaiAn capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine formulation used widely in the treatment of gastric and duodenal mucosal injury. However, how WeiNaiAn protects against intestinal mucosal injury and its mechanism of action are not known. In this study, WeiNaiAn capsule or Teprenone treatment improved the intestinal mucosal pathological score and antioxidant level in indomethacin-induced rats. 16 S rRNA sequence data showed WeiNaiAn capsule reverted the structure community and replenished the beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, fingerprint analysis revealed multiple components of WeiNaiAn capsule, including calycosin glucoside, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, taurocholic acid sodium, formonetin, and calycosin glucoside. The components of WeiNaiAn capsule promoted the wound healing of the epithelial cell in vitro. Moreover, the components of WeiNaiAn capsule inhibited the protein expressions of phosphoinositide 3-kinase /protein kinase B /mammalian target of rapamycin in hydrogen peroxide or lipopolysaccharides-induced cell model. In conclusion, WeiNaiAn capsule improves intestinal mucosal injury by regulating cell migration, enhancing antioxidant activity, and promoting the structure of the bacterial community homeostasis, the multiple targets provide the parameters for the treatment in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Zheng
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbin Song
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guirong Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Ning
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuling Huang
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Wu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Du
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhong Cai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Yunfu Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Yunfu, China
| | - Yanwu Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Lan T, Chen B, Hu X, Cao J, Chen S, Ding X, Li S, Fu Y, Liu H, Luo D, Rong X, Guo J. Tianhuang formula ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting CCL2-CCR2 axis and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117516. [PMID: 38042390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In the progression of chronic liver diseases, liver fibrosis is a reversible pathophysiologic event for liver diseases prognosis and risk of cirrhosis. Liver injury factors of different etiologies mediate this process. There is still a lack of effective medications for treating liver fibrosis. Additionally, the ameliorative effects of traditional herbs on liver fibrosis have been commonly reported. Tianhuang formula (THF) is a drug combination consisting of 2 traditional Chinese herbs, which has been showing significant improvement in metabolic liver diseases. However, the hepatoprotective effect and mechanism of THF in ameliorating liver fibrosis are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects of THF on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced and methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced liver fibrosis model and to reveal the potential mechanisms. It can provide experimental evidence for THF as a therapeutic candidate for liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, CCl4-induced mice were treated with THF (80 mg/kg, 160 mg/kg) or Fuzheng Huayu (FZHY) capsules (4.8 g/kg) for 6 weeks. MCD-induced mice received the same doses of THF or FZHY for 4 weeks. FZHY is used as a comparative study in these two models. Following that, using kit reagents detected changes in relevant serum and liver biochemical indicators. Histological changes in mouse liver were measured by staining of H&E and Sirius Red. The markers expression of liver fibrosis and inflammation were detected using qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemical staining analysis. The potential regulatory mechanism of THF to ameliorate liver fibrosis was performed by RNA-sequencing analysis. Finally, the analysis results were verified by immunofluorescence co-staining, qRT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels in CCl4 and MCD-induced liver fibrosis mice were significantly improved after THF treatment. Meanwhile, the expression of fibrosis and inflammation markers were significantly suppressed. Furthermore, THF downregulated the expression of the macrophage marker CD68. According to RNA-sequencing analysis, we found the CCL2-CCR2 axis and MAPK/NF-κB as the potential signaling pathway for THF against liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION This study revealed that THF ameliorated liver injury, inflammation and fibrotic process by inhibiting CCL2-CCR2 axis and its downstream MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xianzhe Hu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiafan Cao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Shiyun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xin Ding
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Shengwen Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yanfang Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Huanle Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Duosheng Luo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Ding X, He X, Tang B, Lan T. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: future directions and strategies. Chin Med 2024; 19:21. [PMID: 38310315 PMCID: PMC10838467 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used for several centuries for metabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). At present, NAFLD has become the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease worldwide and can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. However, there is still a lack of effective treatment strategies in Western medicine. The development of NAFLD is driven by multiple mechanisms, including genetic factors, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and adipose tissue dysfunction. Currently, certain drugs, including insulin sensitizers, statins, vitamin E, ursodeoxycholic acid and betaine, are proven to be beneficial for the clinical treatment of NAFLD. Due to its complex pathogenesis, personalized medicine that integrates various mechanisms may provide better benefits to patients with NAFLD. The holistic view and syndrome differentiation of TCM have advantages in treating NAFLD, which are similar to the principles of personalized medicine. In TCM, NAFLD is primarily classified into five types based on clinical experience. It is located in the liver and is closely related to spleen and kidney functions. However, due to the multi-component characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, its application in the treatment of NAFLD has been considerably limited. In this review, we summarize the advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD, drawn from both the Western medicine and TCM perspectives. We highlight that Chinese and Western medicine have complementary advantages and should receive increased attention in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bulang Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tian Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
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Jiang X, Tang N, Liu Y, Wang Z, Chen J, Liu F, Zhang P, Sui M, Xu W. Integrating network analysis and pharmacokinetics to investigate the mechanisms of Danzhi Tiaozhi Decoction in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117008. [PMID: 37549861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Based on ancient classics, Danzhi Tiaozhi Decoction has been successfully used to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease for decades. However, its therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects of Danzhi Tiaozhi Decoction (DZTZD) on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS First, we identified the active ingredients of DZTZD and their potential targets in the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database. Using the overlapped genes, we selected the key MAFLD-associated genes, then conducted GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. Furthermore, DZTZD was administered orally to rats, and their serum and liver tissues were examined for absorbed compounds using pharmacochemistry. UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS was used to determine the main compounds. Then, we validated the binding association of the key targets with their active compounds with AutoDock Tools and other software. Finally, the predicted hub targets were experimentally validated. RESULTS We found 254 active compounds in DZTZD corresponding to 208 targets. Sixteen key genes were identified, and the enrichment analysis revealed multiple signaling pathways, including the AGE-RAGE pathway in diabetic complications and the lipid and atherosclerosis signaling pathway. Next, 160 absorbed components and metabolites were characterized in vivo, and 53 absorbed components and metabolites were characterized in liver tissue. Thirteen parent compounds were identified, including coptisine, quercetin, luteolin, and aloe-emodin. The molecular docking data demonstrated the strongest binding between the active compounds and the core proteins. Moreover, the animal experiments showed that DZTZD decreased body weight, liver weight, lipid accumulation, and ALT, AST, CRP, FFA, IL-6, PEPCK, G6P, TG, TC, and LDL-c serum levels, and increased serum HDL-c levels compared to high-fat induced rats. Besides, the RT-PCR and Western blot showed that DZTZD inhibited the SREBP1c and FAS and increased hyperlipidemia-induced CPT-1A levels. In the high-fat group, JNK phosphorylation increased, and AKT protein phosphorylation decreased, while DZTZD reversed these effects. CONCLUSION Based on the pharmacological network analysis, pharmacochemistry, and experimental validation, DZTZD can potentially improve MAFLD via the JNK/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Xuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, 221003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nannan Tang
- Graduate School of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Yuyu Liu
- Graduate School of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, 221003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, 221003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, 221003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, 221003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Sui
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, 221003, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221003, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhou M, Li X, Wang X, Deng N, Cai Y, Tan Z. The dysfunction in intestinal microorganisms and enzyme activity as significant contributors to diarrhea with kidney-yang deficiency syndrome. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1324938. [PMID: 38264481 PMCID: PMC10803573 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1324938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Object To investigate the pathogenesis of diarrhea with kidney-yang deficiency syndrome by examining characteristic changes in intestinal microorganisms, enzyme activities, oxidative stress, and metabolism indices. Methods Twenty mice were randomly and equally divided into control group (NC) and model group (NM). Mice in NM group received adenine suspension at a dosage of 50 mg/(kg⋅day) by gavage, 0.4 mL/time, once a day for 14 days, and Folium sennae decoction at a dosage of 10 g/(kg⋅day) by gavage, 0.4 mL/time, once a day for 7 days, starting on 8th day. Mice in NC group were administered an equivalent amount of sterile water by gavage once a day for 7 days, and twice a day from the 8th day. After modeling, assessments encompassed microbial culture, organ index calculation, microbial and enzyme activity detection, malondialdehyde (MDA) content determination, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, blood biochemical tests, and observation of kidney tissue pathological changes. Results The results showed that in NM group, a reduction in the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria was noted, accompanied by an increase in the number of bacteria and E. coli. Xylanase activity in the intestinal contents and mucosa, protease activity in the intestinal mucosa, and intestinal mucosa microbial activity were diminished. Conversely, the activities of amylase, sucrase, and lactase increased in intestinal mucosa. Additionally, there was an elevation in the level of MDA. Renal tubular dilatation and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the renal interstitium. Conclusion These dysfunctions in intestinal microorganisms and enzyme activities suggest potential involvement in diarrhea with kidney-yang deficiency syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Kunming, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunan, China
| | - Xuehong Wang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Deng
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Cai
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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8
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Huang W, Wang J, Kuang M, Xiao Z, Fan B, Sun G, Tan Z. Exploring global research status and trends in anti-obesity effects of traditional Chinese medicine through intestinal microbiota: a bibliometric study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1271473. [PMID: 38045760 PMCID: PMC10690589 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1271473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The intestinal microbiota (IM) has been found to contribute to metabolic disorders that lead to excessive fat accumulation, systemic and chronic low-grade inflammation, and insulin resistance in the host. Current research highlights a pivotal interaction between IM and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in mitigating obesity-related diseases. Undeniably, IM stands as a central focus in TCM research aimed at preventing and treating obesity. Therefore, tracing the progress and trends in this field can offer valuable references and insights for future studies. Methods On June 17, 2023, we conducted a literature search on the topic of "IM and obesity in TCM" spanning the period from 2009 to 2023. We extracted the primary information of the publications, which includes complete records and reference citations, from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) within the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). To visualize and analyze the literature, we utilized CiteSpace and VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis. Results During the past fifteen years, a rapid increase in the number of publications has been observed. The cooperative networks demonstrate China, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Food & Function as the most active countries, organizations, and journals in this field, respectively. Liu Bin has contributed the most publications. A paper by Xu Jia, published in 2014, holds the highest Local Citation Score (LCS). Analyses of keyword co-occurrence and reference co-citation indicate that the research hotspots of IM and obesity in TCM are primarily focused on the metabolic benefits driven by endogenous functional metabolic molecules generated by TCM regulation of IM. Other focal points include the mechanism by which TCM regulates IM to restore the intestinal mucosal barrier This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article, and manages the gut-organ axis, the metabolic advantages of acupuncture's regulation of IM, and the process by which Chinese medicine small molecules transform IM. Conclusion This research offers a comprehensive understanding of the current status, hotspots, and trends in global TCM research. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive summary and exploration of the latest advancements in this field, thereby emphasizing the essence of TCM more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guixiang Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Liu J, Ding M, Bai J, Luo R, Liu R, Qu J, Li X. Decoding the role of immune T cells: A new territory for improvement of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. IMETA 2023; 2:e76. [PMID: 38868343 PMCID: PMC10989916 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new emerging concept and is associated with metabolic dysfunction, generally replacing the name of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to heterogeneous liver condition and inaccuracies in definition. The prevalence of MAFLD is rising by year due to dietary changes, metabolic disorders, and no approved therapy, affecting a quarter of the global population and representing a major economic problem that burdens healthcare systems. Currently, in addition to the common causative factors like insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity, the role of immune cells, especially T cells, played in MAFLD is increasingly being emphasized by global scholars. Based on the diverse classification and pathophysiological effects of immune T cells, we comprehensively analyzed their bidirectional regulatory effects on the hepatic inflammatory microenvironment and MAFLD progression. This interaction between MAFLD and T cells was also associated with hepatic-intestinal immune crosstalk and gut microbiota homeostasis. Moreover, we pointed out several T-cell-based therapeutic approaches including but not limited to adoptive transfer of T cells, fecal microbiota transplantation, and drug therapy, especially for natural products and Chinese herbal prescriptions. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the important role of T cells played in MAFLD progression and corresponding therapeutic options and provides a potential reference for further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Mingning Ding
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jinzhao Bai
- School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ranyi Luo
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiaorong Qu
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
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Chua D, Low ZS, Cheam GX, Ng AS, Tan NS. Utility of Human Relevant Preclinical Animal Models in Navigating NAFLD to MAFLD Paradigm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314762. [PMID: 36499091 PMCID: PMC9737809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is an emerging contributor to disease burden worldwide. The past decades of work established the heterogeneous nature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) etiology and systemic contributions to the pathogenesis of the disease. This called for the proposal of a redefinition in 2020 to that of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) to better reflect the current understanding of the disease. To date, several clinical cohort studies comparing NAFLD and MAFLD hint at the relevancy of the new nomenclature in enriching for patients with more severe hepatic injury and extrahepatic comorbidities. However, the underlying systemic pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Preclinical animal models have been imperative in elucidating key biological mechanisms in various contexts, including intrahepatic disease progression, interorgan crosstalk and systemic dysregulation. Furthermore, they are integral in developing novel therapeutics against MAFLD. However, substantial contextual variabilities exist across different models due to the lack of standardization in several aspects. As such, it is crucial to understand the strengths and weaknesses of existing models to better align them to the human condition. In this review, we consolidate the implications arising from the change in nomenclature and summarize MAFLD pathogenesis. Subsequently, we provide an updated evaluation of existing MAFLD preclinical models in alignment with the new definitions and perspectives to improve their translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Chua
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (N.S.T.); Tel.: +65-63162941 (N.S.T.); Fax: +65-67913856 (N.S.T.)
| | - Zun Siong Low
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Guo Xiang Cheam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Aik Seng Ng
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (N.S.T.); Tel.: +65-63162941 (N.S.T.); Fax: +65-67913856 (N.S.T.)
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Akçelik N, Akçelik M. What makes another life possible in bacteria? Global regulators as architects of bacterial biofilms. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:236. [PMID: 36229744 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm structures are the main mode of evolutionary reproductive adaptation of bacteria, and even these features alone, are sufficient to make them the focus of genetic and physiological studies. As this life form is a multicellular-like life form coordinated by genetic and physiological programming, it is quite different from the planktonic form. In bacterial biofilms, which are often composed of more than one species in nature, there is a clear division of labor, nutrient channels, and a language (signaling) established between the cells forming the biofilm. On the other hand, biofilms, especially formed by pathogens, cause important industrial and clinical problems due to their high resistance to environmental stress conditions. Obtaining new data on the molecular basis of bacterial evolution and understanding the intra- and inter-species ecosystem relations in this context, as well as finding permanent solutions to the serious problems they create, are directly related to a detailed understanding of the genetic regulation of bacterial biofilm structures. Today, it is becoming increasingly certain that environmental signals effective in the transition from planktonic form to biofilm form and their receptor/response molecules are generally managed by similar systems and global regulator molecules in bacteria. In this sense; Besides the quorum sensing (QS) systems, cyclic adenosine monophosphate-catabolite suppressor protein (cAMP-CRP) and bis-(3'-5') cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) signaling molecules are of critical importance. In this review article, current information on bacterial biofilms is summarized and interpreted based on this framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nefise Akçelik
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Keçiören, 06135, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Akçelik
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
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