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Wilson RL, Davenport BN, Jones HN. Mid-pregnancy placental transcriptome in a model of placental insufficiency with and without novel intervention. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.05.597621. [PMID: 38895312 PMCID: PMC11185618 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.05.597621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects between 5-10% of all live births. Placental insufficiency is a leading cause of FGR, resulting in reduced nutrient and oxygen delivery to the fetus. Currently, there are no effective in utero treatment options for FGR, or placental insufficiency. We have developed a gene therapy to deliver, via a non-viral nanoparticle, human insulin-like 1 growth factor ( hIGF1 ) to the placenta as potential treatment of placenta insufficiency and FGR. Using a guinea pig maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) model of FGR, we aimed to understand the transcriptional changes within the placenta associated with placental insufficiency that occur prior to/at initiation of FGR, and the impact of short-term hIGF1 nanoparticle treatment. Using RNAsequencing, we analyzed protein coding genes of three experimental groups: Control and MNR dams receiving a sham treatment, and MNR dams receiving hIGF1 nanoparticle treatment. Pathway enrichment analysis comparing differentially expressed genelists in sham-treated MNR placentas to Control revealed upregulation of pathways associated with degradation and repair of genetic information and downregulation of pathways associated with transmembrane transport. When compared to sham-treated MNR placentas, MNR + hIGF1 placentas demonstrated changes to genelists associated with transmembrane transporter activity including ion, vitamin and solute carrier transport. Overall, this study identifies the key signaling and metabolic changes occurring in the placenta contributing to placental insufficiency prior to/at initiation of FGR, and increases our understanding of the pathways that our nanoparticle-mediated gene therapy intervention regulates. Statements and Declarations Competing Interests: Authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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Li Y, Wang X. The role of DNA and RNA guanosine oxidation in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 204:107187. [PMID: 38657843 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) persist as a prominent cause of mortality worldwide, with oxidative stress constituting a pivotal contributory element. The oxidative modification of guanosine, specifically 8-oxoguanine, has emerged as a crucial biomarker for oxidative stress, providing novel insights into the molecular underpinnings of CVD. 8-Oxoguanine can be directly generated at the DNA (8-oxo-dG) and RNA (8-oxo-G) levels, as well as at the free nucleotide level (8-oxo-dGTP or 8-oxo-GTP), which are produced and can be integrated through DNA replication or RNA transcription. When exposed to oxidative stress, guanine is more readily produced in RNA than in DNA. A burgeoning body of research surrounds 8-oxoguanine, exhibits its accumulation playing a pivotal role in the development of CVD. Therapeutic approaches targeting oxidative 8-Oxoguanine damage to DNA and RNA, encompassing the modulation of repair enzymes and the development of small molecule inhibitors, are anticipated to enhance CVD management. In conclusion, we explore the noteworthy elevation of 8-oxoguanine levels in patients with various cardiac conditions and deliberate upon the formation and regulation of 8-oxo-dG and 8-oxo-G under oxidative stress, as well as their function in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Li
- Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai 201203, China.
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3
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Wróbel-Nowicka K, Wojciechowska C, Jacheć W, Zalewska M, Romuk E. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Parameters in Heart Failure. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:760. [PMID: 38792942 PMCID: PMC11123446 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains a major medical and social problem. The NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and its active form, brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), in a simple blood test are the gold-standard biomarkers for HF diagnosis. However, even good biomarkers such as natriuretic peptides fail to predict all the risks associated with HF due to the diversity of the mechanisms involved. The pathophysiology of HF is determined by numerous factors, including oxidative stress, inflammation, neuroendocrine activation, pathological angiogenesis, changes in apoptotic pathways, fibrosis and vascular remodeling. High readmission and mortality rates prompt a search for new markers for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of HF. Oxidative-stress-mediated inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of subsequent changes in the failing heart and provides a new insight into this complex mechanism. Oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers appear to be a promising diagnostic and prognostic tool in patients with HF. This systematic review provides an overview of the current knowledge about oxidative stress and inflammation parameters as markers of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Wróbel-Nowicka
- Medical Laboratory of Teresa Fryda, Katowice, Laboratory Branch in Specialist Hospital in Zabrze, 10, M.C-Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Celina Wojciechowska
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 10, M.C-Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (C.W.); (W.J.)
| | - Wojciech Jacheć
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 10, M.C-Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (C.W.); (W.J.)
| | - Marzena Zalewska
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Piekarska St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Ewa Romuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19, Jordan St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
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Slade L, Deane CS, Szewczyk NJ, Etheridge T, Whiteman M. Hydrogen sulfide supplementation as a potential treatment for primary mitochondrial diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107180. [PMID: 38599468 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMD) are amongst the most common inborn errors of metabolism causing fatal outcomes within the first decade of life. With marked heterogeneity in both inheritance patterns and physiological manifestations, these conditions present distinct challenges for targeted drug therapy, where effective therapeutic countermeasures remain elusive within the clinic. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-based therapeutics may offer a new option for patient treatment, having been proposed as a conserved mitochondrial substrate and post-translational regulator across species, displaying therapeutic effects in age-related mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative models of mitochondrial disease. H2S can stimulate mitochondrial respiration at sites downstream of common PMD-defective subunits, augmenting energy production, mitochondrial function and reducing cell death. Here, we highlight the primary signalling mechanisms of H2S in mitochondria relevant for PMD and outline key cytoprotective proteins/pathways amenable to post-translational restoration via H2S-mediated persulfidation. The mechanisms proposed here, combined with the advent of potent mitochondria-targeted sulfide delivery molecules, could provide a framework for H2S as a countermeasure for PMD disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Slade
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Colleen S Deane
- Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Nathaniel J Szewczyk
- Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, United Kingdom; Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurologic Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, Greece
| | - Timothy Etheridge
- Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK.
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Moris VC, Bruneau L, Berthe J, Heuskin AC, Penninckx S, Ritter S, Weber U, Durante M, Danchin EGJ, Hespeels B, Doninck KV. Ionizing radiation responses appear incidental to desiccation responses in the bdelloid rotifer Adineta vaga. BMC Biol 2024; 22:11. [PMID: 38273318 PMCID: PMC10809525 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The remarkable resistance to ionizing radiation found in anhydrobiotic organisms, such as some bacteria, tardigrades, and bdelloid rotifers has been hypothesized to be incidental to their desiccation resistance. Both stresses produce reactive oxygen species and cause damage to DNA and other macromolecules. However, this hypothesis has only been investigated in a few species. RESULTS In this study, we analyzed the transcriptomic response of the bdelloid rotifer Adineta vaga to desiccation and to low- (X-rays) and high- (Fe) LET radiation to highlight the molecular and genetic mechanisms triggered by both stresses. We identified numerous genes encoding antioxidants, but also chaperones, that are constitutively highly expressed, which may contribute to the protection of proteins against oxidative stress during desiccation and ionizing radiation. We also detected a transcriptomic response common to desiccation and ionizing radiation with the over-expression of genes mainly involved in DNA repair and protein modifications but also genes with unknown functions that were bdelloid-specific. A distinct transcriptomic response specific to rehydration was also found, with the over-expression of genes mainly encoding Late Embryogenesis Abundant proteins, specific heat shock proteins, and glucose repressive proteins. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the extreme resistance of bdelloid rotifers to radiation might indeed be a consequence of their capacity to resist complete desiccation. This study paves the way to functional genetic experiments on A. vaga targeting promising candidate proteins playing central roles in radiation and desiccation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria C Moris
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics and Ecology (LEGE), Department of Biology - URBE, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Evolution (MBE), Department of Biology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lucie Bruneau
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics and Ecology (LEGE), Department of Biology - URBE, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Jérémy Berthe
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics and Ecology (LEGE), Department of Biology - URBE, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Anne-Catherine Heuskin
- Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Laboratory of Analysis By Nuclear Reactions (LARN), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Penninckx
- Medical Physics Department, Institut Jules Bordet - Université Libre de Bruxelles, 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvia Ritter
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum Für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Uli Weber
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum Für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Marco Durante
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum Für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Etienne G J Danchin
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Boris Hespeels
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics and Ecology (LEGE), Department of Biology - URBE, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Karine Van Doninck
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics and Ecology (LEGE), Department of Biology - URBE, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Evolution (MBE), Department of Biology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
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Christensen LL, Poulsen HE, Andersen MS, Glintborg D. Whole-body oxidative stress reduction during testosterone therapy in aging men: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Andrology 2024; 12:115-122. [PMID: 37177884 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testosterone replacement therapy in aging men increases lean body mass and decreases whole-body fat. The safety of testosterone replacement therapy concerning cardiovascular disease is unresolved and assessment of whole-body oxidative stress may contribute to future decision making. OBJECTIVES To determine whole-body oxidative stress during testosterone replacement therapy and placebo in aging men and evaluate if a change in oxidative stress was mediated by changed body composition. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study for 24 weeks in 38 men aged 60-78 years with bioavailable testosterone <7.3 nmol/L and waist circumference ≥94 cm who were randomized to testosterone replacement therapy (testosterone gel) (N = 20) or placebo (N = 18). At baseline and after 24 weeks, whole-body oxidative stress was assessed by oxidized derivatives of nucleic acids, 8-oxoguanosine and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in 24-h urine samples by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Lean body mass and whole-body fat were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue were estimated by magnetic resonance imaging. Testosterone replacement therapy versus placebo was compared by Mann-Whitney tests on ∆-values (24-0 weeks). RESULTS Baseline age was 67 (64-72) years (median [interquartile range]), body mass index 29.8 (26.6-33.3) kg/m2 , waist 107 (99-117) cm, and bioavailable testosterone 4.7 (3.7-5.9) nmol/L. During testosterone replacement therapy, 8-oxoguanosine in 24-h urine samples decreased from 21.6 (19.8; 27.7) nm to 15.0 (12.2; 18.8) nm (p = 0.038 vs. placebo), lean body mass increased (p < 0.01) and whole-body fat (p = 0.02) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.01) decreased. 8-Oxoguanosine in 24-h urine samples was inversely associated with Δ-lean body mass (ρ = -0.38, p = 0.03), which remained significant after adjusting for Δ-total testosterone. 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in 24-h urine samples was unchanged (p = 0.06) during testosterone replacement therapy and Δ-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in 24-h urine samples was associated with Δ-whole-body fat (kg) (ρ = 0.47, p < 0.01). Δ-Values of oxidative stress biomarkers were not associated with Δ-fasting insulin or Δ-homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. DISCUSSION Oxidative stress decreased during testosterone replacement therapy compared to placebo, which could be mediated by changed body composition. CONCLUSION Whole-body oxidative stress decreased during 24 weeks of testosterone replacement therapy in aging men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Lehmann Christensen
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Enghusen Poulsen
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Copenhagen, Nordsjaellands Hospital Hillerød, Hillerod, Denmark
| | - Marianne Skovsager Andersen
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorte Glintborg
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Herbert C, Ohrnberger CL, Quinlisk E, Addepalli B, Limbach PA. Characterizing Benzo[a]pyrene Adducts in Transfer RNAs Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Biomedicines 2023; 11:3270. [PMID: 38137491 PMCID: PMC10741534 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The activated forms of the environmental pollutant benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), such as benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE), are known to cause damage to genomic DNA and proteins. However, the impact of BPDE on ribonucleic acid (RNA) remains unclear. To understand the full spectrum of potential BPDE-RNA adducts formed, we reacted ribonucleoside standards with BPDE and characterized the reaction products using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To understand the potential types of adducts that could form with biological RNAs, eukaryotic transfer RNAs (tRNAs) were also reacted with BPDE. The isolation and analysis of the modified and adducted ribonucleosides using LC-MS/MS revealed several BPDE derivatives of post-transcriptional modifications. The approach outlined in this work enables the identification of RNA adducts from BPDE, which can pave the way for understanding the potential impacts of such adducts on the higher-order structure and function of modified RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patrick A. Limbach
- Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 301 Clifton Court, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA; (C.H.)
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Peel A, Saini A, Deluao JC, McPherson NO. Sperm DNA damage: The possible link between obesity and male infertility, an update of the current literature. Andrology 2023; 11:1635-1652. [PMID: 36789664 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity prevalence worldwide is increasing significantly. Whilst maternal obesity has clear detrimental impacts on fertility, pregnancy and foetal outcomes, more recently there has been an increasing focus on the role of paternal obesity in human fertility. Recent meta-analyses have indicated that obesity in men negatively affects basic sperm parameters such as sperm count, concentration and motility, increases the incidence of infertility and reduces the chances of conception. Sperm DNA damage, typically characterised by DNA strand breaks and oxidation of DNA nucleotides, is a specialised marker of sperm quality that has been independently associated with recurrent miscarriage, reduced assisted reproduction success and increased mutational loads in subsequent offspring. Whilst, there are still conflicting data in humans as to the association of obesity in men with sperm DNA damage, evidence from rodent models is clear, indicating that male obesity increases sperm DNA damage. Human data are often conflicting because of the large heterogeneity amongst studies, the use of body mass index as the indicator of obesity and the methods used for detection of sperm DNA damage. Furthermore, comorbidities of obesity (i.e., heat stress, adipokines, insulin resistance, changes in lipids, hypogonadism and obstructive sleep apnoea) are also independently associated with increased sperm DNA damage that is not always modified in men with obesity, and as such may provide a causative link to the discrepancies amongst human studies. In this review, we provide an update on the literature regarding the associations between obesity in men and fertility, basic sperm parameters and sperm DNA damage. We further discuss potential reasons for the discrepancies in the literature and outline possible direct and indirect mechanisms of increased sperm DNA damage resulting from obesity. Finally, we summarise intergenerational obesity through the paternal linage and how sperm DNA damage may contribute to the transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Peel
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Health and Medical School, School of Biomedicine, Discipline of Reproduction and Development, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anmol Saini
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Health and Medical School, School of Biomedicine, Discipline of Reproduction and Development, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Joshua C Deluao
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Health and Medical School, School of Biomedicine, Discipline of Reproduction and Development, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicole O McPherson
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Health and Medical School, School of Biomedicine, Discipline of Reproduction and Development, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Repromed IVF Adelaide, Dulwich, South Australia, Australia
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9
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Wan C, Zhang C. A potential novel therapy addressing RNA oxidative damage in AKI. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2819. [PMID: 37734369 PMCID: PMC10556217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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10
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Zhang X, Yu S, Li X, Wen X, Liu S, Zu R, Ren H, Li T, Yang C, Luo H. Research progress on the interaction between oxidative stress and platelets: Another avenue for cancer? Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106777. [PMID: 37080257 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a chemical imbalance between an oxidant and an antioxidant, causing damage to redox signaling and control or causing molecular damage. Unbalanced oxidative metabolism can produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). These excess ROS can cause drastic changes in platelet metabolism and further affect platelet function. It will also lead to an increase in platelet procoagulant phenotype and cell apoptosis, which will increase the risk of thrombosis. The creation of ROS and subsequent platelet activation, adhesion, and recruitment are then further encouraged in an auto-amplifying loop by ROS produced from platelets. Meanwhile, cancer cells produce a higher concentration of ROS due to their fast metabolism and high proliferation rate. However, excessive ROS can result in damage to and modification of cellular macromolecules. The formation of cancer and its progression is strongly associated with oxidative stress and the resulting oxidative damage. In addition, platelets are an important part of the tumor microenvironment, and there is a significant cross-communication between platelets and cancer cells. Cancer cells alter the activation status of platelets, their RNA spectrum, proteome, and other properties. The "cloaking" of cancer cells by platelets providing physical protection,avoiding destruction from shear stress and the attack of immune cells, promoting tumor cell invasion.We explored the vicious circle interaction between ROS, platelets, and cancer in this review, and we believe that ROS can play a stimulative role in tumor growth and metastasis through platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041 China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China
| | - Sisi Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory of Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 3201 Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong 723099, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wen
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China
| | - Shan Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China
| | - Ruiling Zu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Hanxiao Ren
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Chaoguo Yang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China.
| | - Huaichao Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041 China.
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11
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Crosstalk between Oxidative Stress and Aging in Neurodegeneration Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050753. [PMID: 36899889 PMCID: PMC10001353 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The world population is aging rapidly, and increasing lifespan exacerbates the burden of age-related health issues. On the other hand, premature aging has begun to be a problem, with increasing numbers of younger people suffering aging-related symptoms. Advanced aging is caused by a combination of factors: lifestyle, diet, external and internal factors, as well as oxidative stress (OS). Although OS is the most researched aging factor, it is also the least understood. OS is important not only in relation to aging but also due to its strong impact on neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this review, we will discuss the aging process in relation to OS, the function of OS in neurodegenerative disorders, and prospective therapeutics capable of relieving neurodegenerative symptoms associated with the pro-oxidative condition.
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12
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Cooke MS, Chang YJ, Chen YR, Hu CW, Chao MR. Nucleic acid adductomics - The next generation of adductomics towards assessing environmental health risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159192. [PMID: 36195140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This Discussion article aims to explore the potential for a new generation of assay to emerge from cellular and urinary DNA adductomics which brings together DNA-RNA- and, to some extent, protein adductomics, to better understand the role of the exposome in environmental health. Components of the exposome have been linked to an increased risk of various, major diseases, and to identify the precise nature, and size, of risk, in this complex mixture of exposures, powerful tools are needed. Modification of nucleic acids (NA) is a key consequence of environmental exposures, and a goal of cellular DNA adductomics is to evaluate the totality of DNA modifications in the genome, on the basis that this will be most informative. Consequently, an approach which encompasses modifications of all nucleic acids (NA) would be potentially yet more informative. This article focuses on NA adductomics, which brings together the assessment of both DNA and RNA modifications, including modified (2'-deoxy)ribonucleosides (2'-dN/rN), modified nucleobases (nB), plus: DNA-DNA, RNA-RNA, DNA-RNA, DNA-protein, and RNA-protein crosslinks (DDCL, RRCL, DRCL, DPCL, and RPCL, respectively). We discuss the need for NA adductomics, plus the pros and cons of cellular vs. urinary NA adductomics, and present some evidence for the feasibility of this approach. We propose that NA adductomics provides a more comprehensive approach to the study of nucleic acid modifications, which will facilitate a range of advances, including the identification of novel, unexpected modifications e.g., RNA-RNA, and DNA-RNA crosslinks; key modifications associated with mutagenesis; agent-specific mechanisms; and adductome signatures of key environmental agents, leading to the dissection of the exposome, and its role in human health/disease, across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Yuan-Jhe Chang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yet-Ran Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Wen Hu
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Mu-Rong Chao
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Li X, Xu L, Wan Y, Li J, Qian X, Xia W, He Z, Zheng T, Xu S, Li Y. Urinary paracetamol (4-acetaminophenol) and its isomer 2-acetaminophenol of Chinese pregnant women: Exposure characteristics and association with oxidative stress biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158375. [PMID: 36049689 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetyl-4-aminophenol (NA4AP, paracetamol/acetaminophen), a widely used pharmaceutical, is ubiquitous in urine samples of general population, raising concern about human health risks; oxidative stress is considered to be a mechanism for its toxicities. N-Acetyl-2-aminophenol (NA2AP) is an isomer of NA4AP; until now, few studies characterized exposure characteristics of NA4AP and NA2AP in pregnant women. In this work, NA4AP and NA2AP concentrations in urine samples (n = 2124) collected at three different trimesters were measured to examine their internal body burden among Chinese pregnant women (n = 708) and their associations with three oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs, 8-OHG, 8-OHdG, and HNE-MA). NA4AP was detected in 100% of the urine samples (median concentration: 7.96 ng/mL); NA2AP was detected in 94.9% of them (median: 3.05 ng/mL). The intraclass correlation coefficients of their concentrations across three trimesters were poor (<0.4); correlations of NA4AP and NA2AP were weak (r: 0.15-0.23). Pregnant women who had higher household income or urine samples provided in summer (vs. winter) had higher concentrations of NA4AP. Pregnant women who had a college degree or above (vs. less than a high school education) had higher concentrations of NA2AP but urine samples provided in summer (vs. winter) had lower concentrations of NA2AP. The 95th percentile estimated daily intake of NA4AP (2,331 ng/kg-bw/d) based on averaged concentrations of the three trimesters was 40 times lower than the cRfD for NA4AP (2.33 vs. 93 μg/kg-bw/d). Urinary concentrations of NA4AP and NA2AP were associated with higher levels of the selected OSBs. For example, an interquartile range increase in NA4AP was associated with a 26.5% (95% CI: 23.6-29.6%) increase in 8-OHG, a 27.5% (95% CI: 23.8-31.3%) increase in 8-OHdG, and a 33.4% (95% CI: 24.7-42.7%) increase in HNE-MA (p < 0.05). This is the first study to measure their concentrations repeatedly over three trimesters, examine their exposure characteristics, and reveal their associations with the selected OSBs in pregnant women. Further studies are needed to identify non-intentional exposure sources of NA4AP, NA2AP, and another isomer of them (i.e., N-acetyl-3-aminophenol), as well as more health risks related to their exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, PR China.
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, PR China.
| | - Juxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Xi Qian
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Zhenyu He
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, PR China.
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
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14
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Hong X, Hu Y, Yuan Z, Fang Z, Zhang X, Yuan Y, Guo C. Oxidatively Damaged Nucleic Acid: Linking Diabetes and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1153-1167. [PMID: 35946074 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Our current knowledge of the mechanism between diabetes and cancer is limited. Oxidatively damaged nucleic acid is considered a critical factor to explore the connections between these two diseases. Recent Advances: The link between diabetes mellitus and cancer has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Emerging evidence supports that oxidatively damaged nucleic acid caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species generation and elimination is a bridge connecting diabetes and cancer. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine assume important roles as biomarkers in assessing the relationship between oxidatively damaged nucleic acid and cancer. Critical Issues: The consequences of diabetes are extensive and may lead to the occurrence of cancer by influencing a combination of factors. At present, there is no direct evidence that diabetes causes cancer by affecting a single factor. Furthermore, the difficulty in controlling variables and differences in detection methods lead to poor reliability and repeatability of results, and there are no clear cutoff values for biomarkers to indicate cancer risk. Future Directions: A better understanding of connections as well as mechanisms between diabetes and cancer is still needed. Both diabetes and cancer are currently intractable diseases. Further exploration of the specific mechanism of oxidatively damaged nucleic acid in the connection between diabetes and cancer is urgently needed. In the future, it is necessary to further take oxidatively damaged nucleic acid as an entry point to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and cancer. Experimental drugs targeting the repair process of oxidatively generated damage require an extensive preclinical evaluation and could ultimately provide new treatment strategies for these diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1153-1167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Hong
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqiu Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Yuan
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Fang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Gillet N, Dumont E. Dynamics and energetics of PCBP1 binding to severely oxidized RNA. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:994915. [PMID: 36406269 PMCID: PMC9671708 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.994915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidatively generated lesions such as 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) on RNA strands constitute a hallmark marker of the oxidative stress in the cell. Poly-C binding protein 1 (PCBP1) is able to specifically recognize severely damaged RNA strands containing two 8-oxoG lesions separated by five nucleobases, which trigger a signaling pathway leading to cell apoptosis. We apply an in silico protocol based on microsecond timescale all-atom classical molecular dynamics simulations associated with conformational and energy analyses to unveil the specific recognition mechanism at a molecular level. By comparing the RNA and protein behavior for sequences with six different damage profiles, our results highlight an allosteric mechanism, allowing a stronger binding of the oxidized guanine at position 9 only if another 8-oxoG lesion is present at position 15, in full agreement with experiments. We assess the role of lysine K23 and the additional ketone group of the oxidized guanine, thanks to computational site-directed mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Gillet
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Lyon, France
| | - Elise Dumont
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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16
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Hahm JY, Park J, Jang ES, Chi SW. 8-Oxoguanine: from oxidative damage to epigenetic and epitranscriptional modification. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1626-1642. [PMID: 36266447 PMCID: PMC9636213 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00822-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In pathophysiology, reactive oxygen species control diverse cellular phenotypes by oxidizing biomolecules. Among these, the guanine base in nucleic acids is the most vulnerable to producing 8-oxoguanine, which can pair with adenine. Because of this feature, 8-oxoguanine in DNA (8-oxo-dG) induces a G > T (C > A) mutation in cancers, which can be deleterious and thus actively repaired by DNA repair pathways. 8-Oxoguanine in RNA (o8G) causes problems in aberrant quality and translational fidelity, thereby it is subjected to the RNA decay pathway. In addition to oxidative damage, 8-oxo-dG serves as an epigenetic modification that affects transcriptional regulatory elements and other epigenetic modifications. With the ability of o8G•A in base pairing, o8G alters structural and functional RNA-RNA interactions, enabling redirection of posttranscriptional regulation. Here, we address the production, regulation, and function of 8-oxo-dG and o8G under oxidative stress. Primarily, we focus on the epigenetic and epitranscriptional roles of 8-oxoguanine, which highlights the significance of oxidative modification in redox-mediated control of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Young Hahm
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongyeun Park
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Jang
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Chi
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02481 Republic of Korea
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17
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Xue Z, Demple B. Knockout and Inhibition of Ape1: Roles of Ape1 in Base Excision DNA Repair and Modulation of Gene Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091817. [PMID: 36139891 PMCID: PMC9495735 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox effector-1 (Ape1/Ref-1) is the major apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease in mammalian cells. It functions mainly in the base excision repair pathway to create a suitable substrate for DNA polymerases. Human Ape1 protein can activate some transcription factors to varying degrees, dependent on its N-terminal, unstructured domain, and some of the cysteines within it, apparently via a redox mechanism in some cases. Many cancer studies also suggest that Ape1 has potential for prognosis in terms of the protein level or intracellular localization. While homozygous disruption of the Ape1 structural gene APEX1 in mice causes embryonic lethality, and most studies in cell culture indicate that the expression of Ape1 is essential, some recent studies reported the isolation of viable APEX1 knockout cells with only mild phenotypes. It has not been established by what mechanism the Ape1-null cell lines cope with the endogenous DNA damage that the enzyme normally handles. We review the enzymatic and other activities of Ape1 and the recent studies of the properties of the APEX1 knockout lines. The APEX1 deletions in CH12F3 and HEK293 FT provide an opportunity to test for possible off-target effects of Ape1 inhibition. For this work, we tested the Ape1 endonuclease inhibitor Compound 3 and the redox inhibitor APX2009. Our results confirmed that both APEX1 knockout cell lines are modestly more sensitive to killing by an alkylating agent than their Ape1-proficient cells. Surprisingly, the knockout lines showed equal sensitivity to direct killing by either inhibitor, despite the lack of the target protein. Moreover, the CH12F3 APEX1 knockout was even more sensitive to Compound 3 than its APEX1+ counterpart. Thus, it appears that both Compound 3 and APX2009 have off-target effects. In cases where this issue may be important, it is advisable that more specific endpoints than cell survival be tested for establishing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyiyuan Xue
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA
| | - Bruce Demple
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(631)-444-3978
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18
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Tripathi R, Gupta R, Sahu M, Srivastava D, Das A, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Free radical biology in neurological manifestations: mechanisms to therapeutics interventions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62160-62207. [PMID: 34617231 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements and growing attention about free radicals (ROS) and redox signaling enable the scientific fraternity to consider their involvement in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, and neurological defects. Free radicals increase the concentration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the biological system through different endogenous sources and thus increased the overall oxidative stress. An increase in oxidative stress causes cell death through different signaling mechanisms such as mitochondrial impairment, cell-cycle arrest, DNA damage response, inflammation, negative regulation of protein, and lipid peroxidation. Thus, an appropriate balance between free radicals and antioxidants becomes crucial to maintain physiological function. Since the 1brain requires high oxygen for its functioning, it is highly vulnerable to free radical generation and enhanced ROS in the brain adversely affects axonal regeneration and synaptic plasticity, which results in neuronal cell death. In addition, increased ROS in the brain alters various signaling pathways such as apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation and microglial activation, DNA damage response, and cell-cycle arrest, leading to memory and learning defects. Mounting evidence suggests the potential involvement of micro-RNAs, circular-RNAs, natural and dietary compounds, synthetic inhibitors, and heat-shock proteins as therapeutic agents to combat neurological diseases. Herein, we explain the mechanism of free radical generation and its role in mitochondrial, protein, and lipid peroxidation biology. Further, we discuss the negative role of free radicals in synaptic plasticity and axonal regeneration through the modulation of various signaling molecules and also in the involvement of free radicals in various neurological diseases and their potential therapeutic approaches. The primary cause of free radical generation is drug overdosing, industrial air pollution, toxic heavy metals, ionizing radiation, smoking, alcohol, pesticides, and ultraviolet radiation. Excessive generation of free radicals inside the cell R1Q1 increases reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which causes oxidative damage. An increase in oxidative damage alters different cellular pathways and processes such as mitochondrial impairment, DNA damage response, cell cycle arrest, and inflammatory response, leading to pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disease other neurological defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Tripathi
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Mehar Sahu
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Devesh Srivastava
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India.
- , Delhi, India.
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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19
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Han R, Jiang J, Fang J, Contreras LM. PNPase and RhlB Interact and Reduce the Cellular Availability of Oxidized RNA in Deinococcus radiodurans. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0214022. [PMID: 35856907 PMCID: PMC9430589 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02140-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) is a major RNA modification caused by oxidative stresses and has been implicated in carcinogenesis, neurodegeneration, and aging. Several RNA-binding proteins have been shown to have a binding preference for 8-oxoG-modified RNA in eukaryotes and protect cells from oxidative stress. To date, polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) is one of the most well-characterized proteins in bacteria that recognize 8-oxoG-modified RNA, but how PNPase cooperates with other proteins to process oxidized RNA is still unclear. Here, we use RNA affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry to search for proteins that preferably bind 8-oxoG-modified RNA in Deinococcus radiodurans, an extremophilic bacterium with extraordinary resistance to oxidative stresses. We identified four proteins that preferably bind to oxidized RNA: PNPase (DR_2063), DEAD box RNA helicase (DR_0335/RhlB), ribosomal protein S1 (DR_1983/RpsA), and transcriptional termination factor (DR_1338/Rho). Among these proteins, PNPase and RhlB exhibit high-affinity binding to 8-oxoG-modified RNA in a dose-independent manner. Deletions of PNPase and RhlB caused increased sensitivity of D. radiodurans to oxidative stress. We further showed that PNPase and RhlB specifically reduce the cellular availability of 8-oxoG-modified RNA but have no effect on oxidized DNA. Importantly, PNPase directly interacts with RhlB in D. radiodurans; however, no additional phenotypic effect was observed for the double deletion of pnp and rhlB compared to the single deletions. Overall, our findings suggest the roles of PNPase and RhlB in targeting 8-oxoG-modified RNAs and thereby constitute an important component of D. radiodurans resistance to oxidative stress. IMPORTANCE Oxidative RNA damage can be caused by oxidative stress, such as hydrogen peroxide, ionizing radiation, and antibiotic treatment. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), a major type of oxidized RNA, is highly mutagenic and participates in a variety of disease occurrences and development. Although several proteins have been identified to recognize 8-oxoG-modified RNA, the knowledge of how RNA oxidative damage is controlled largely remains unclear, especially in nonmodel organisms. In this study, we identified four RNA binding proteins that show higher binding affinity to 8-oxoG-modified RNA compared to unmodified RNA in the extremophilic bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, which can endure high levels of oxidative stress. Two of the proteins, polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) and DEAD-box RNA helicase (RhlB), interact with each other and reduce the cellular availability of 8-oxoG-modified RNA under oxidative stress. As such, this work contributes to our understanding of how RNA oxidation is influenced by RNA binding proteins in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhua Han
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jessie Jiang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jaden Fang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Lydia M. Contreras
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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20
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Martín-Estal I, Fajardo-Ramírez ÓR, Bermúdez de León M, Zertuche-Mery C, Benavides-Guajardo R, García-Cruz MI, Rodríguez De Ita J, Castilla-Cortázar I, Castorena-Torres F. Effect of Ethanol Consumption on the Placenta and Liver of Partially IGF-1-Deficient Mice: The Role of Metabolism via CYP2E1 and the Antioxidant Enzyme System. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091264. [PMID: 36138743 PMCID: PMC9495332 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Ethanol is the most consumed drug worldwide, even during pregnancy. One of its adverse outcomes is fetal growth restriction, an alteration in development due to decreased IGF-1 levels. Several studies have shown that ethanol can impair the IGF-1 signaling pathway, thus exacerbating IGF-1 adverse effects in both intrauterine and postnatal growth and development. In this manuscript, we used a partially IGF-1-deficient mouse model to demonstrate the key role of IGF-1 in fetal development, as well as ethanol’s adverse effects on CYP2E1 expression levels and the antioxidant enzyme system during pregnancy. Abstract Ethanol use during pregnancy is a risk factor for developing adverse outcomes. Its metabolism by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) produces radical oxygen species (ROS), promoting cellular injury and apoptosis. To date, no studies have been conducted to elucidate the teratogenic effects due to both IGF-1 deficiency and ethanol consumption in mice placentas. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of ethanol consumption on the placenta and liver of partially IGF-1-deficient mice, the role of metabolism via CYP2E1, and the antioxidant enzyme system. Heterozygous (HZ, Igf1+/−) pregnant female mice were given water or 10% ethanol. Wild-type (WT, Igf1+/+) female mice were used as controls. At gestational day 19, pregnant dams were euthanized, and maternal liver and placentas were collected. Pregnant HZ dams were smaller than controls, and this effect was higher due to ethanol consumption. Cyp2e1 gene was overexpressed in the liver of HZ pregnant dams exposed to ethanol; at the protein level, CYP2E1 is reduced in placentas from all genotypes. The antioxidant enzymatic system was altered by ethanol consumption in both the maternal liver and placenta. The results in this work hint that IGF-1 is involved in intrauterine development because its deficiency exacerbates ethanol’s effects on both metabolism and the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martín-Estal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, N.L., Mexico
| | - Óscar R. Fajardo-Ramírez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, N.L., Mexico
| | - Mario Bermúdez de León
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey 64720, N.L., Mexico
| | - Carolina Zertuche-Mery
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, N.L., Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Benavides-Guajardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, N.L., Mexico
| | - María Isabel García-Cruz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, N.L., Mexico
| | - Julieta Rodríguez De Ita
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, N.L., Mexico
| | - Inma Castilla-Cortázar
- Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.C.-C.); (F.C.-T.)
| | - Fabiola Castorena-Torres
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, N.L., Mexico
- Correspondence: (I.C.-C.); (F.C.-T.)
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21
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Naked mole-rats resist the accumulation of hypoxia-induced oxidative damage. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 273:111282. [PMID: 35907588 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Naked mole-rats are among the few mammals with the ability to endure severe hypoxia. These unique rodents use metabolic rate depression along with various molecular mechanisms to successfully overcome the challenges of oxygen-limitation, which they experience in their underground borrows. While studies have reported that naked mole-rats exhibit inherently higher levels of oxidative damage across their lifespan as compared to mice, it has yet to be determined whether naked mole-rats are vulnerable to oxidative damage during periods of low oxygen exposure. To investigate this phenomenon, we examined cellular oxidative damage markers of macromolecules: DNA oxidation determined as 8-oxo-2'deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG8) levels, RNA oxidation as 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG), protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation in normoxic (control), acute (4 h at 7% O2), and chronic (24 h at 7% O2) hypoxia-exposed naked mole-rats. Brain appears to be the most resilient organ to hypoxia-induced oxidative damage, with both brain and heart exhibiting enhanced antioxidant capacity during hypoxia. Levels of DNA and RNA oxidation were minimally changed in all tissues and no changes were observed in protein carbonylation. Most tissues experienced lipid peroxidation, with liver displaying a 9.6-fold increase during hypoxia. Concomitantly, levels of DNA damage repair proteins were dynamically regulated in a tissue-specific manner, with white adipose displaying a significant reduction during hypoxia. Our findings show that naked mole-rats largely avoid hypoxia-induced oxidative damage, possibly due to their high tolerance to redox stress, or to reduced oxidative requirements made possible during their hypometabolic response when oxygen supply is limited.
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22
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Pinilla I, Maneu V, Campello L, Fernández-Sánchez L, Martínez-Gil N, Kutsyr O, Sánchez-Sáez X, Sánchez-Castillo C, Lax P, Cuenca N. Inherited Retinal Dystrophies: Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Their Physiopathology and Therapeutic Implications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061086. [PMID: 35739983 PMCID: PMC9219848 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a large group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration of the retina, ultimately leading to loss of visual function. Oxidative stress and inflammation play fundamental roles in the physiopathology of these diseases. Photoreceptor cell death induces an inflammatory state in the retina. The activation of several molecular pathways triggers different cellular responses to injury, including the activation of microglia to eliminate debris and recruit inflammatory cells from circulation. Therapeutical options for IRDs are currently limited, although a small number of patients have been successfully treated by gene therapy. Many other therapeutic strategies are being pursued to mitigate the deleterious effects of IRDs associated with oxidative metabolism and/or inflammation, including inhibiting reactive oxygen species’ accumulation and inflammatory responses, and blocking autophagy. Several compounds are being tested in clinical trials, generating great expectations for their implementation. The present review discusses the main death mechanisms that occur in IRDs and the latest therapies that are under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pinilla
- Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lozano Blesa, University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Surgery, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Victoria Maneu
- Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain; (P.L.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Laura Campello
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Laura Fernández-Sánchez
- Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Natalia Martínez-Gil
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Oksana Kutsyr
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Xavier Sánchez-Sáez
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Carla Sánchez-Castillo
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Pedro Lax
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain; (P.L.); (N.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Nicolás Cuenca
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain; (P.L.); (N.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (L.C.); (N.M.-G.); (O.K.); (X.S.-S.); (C.S.-C.)
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23
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Hemagirri M, Sasidharan S. Biology of aging: Oxidative stress and RNA oxidation. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5089-5105. [PMID: 35449319 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of aged people has increased rapidly in recent years and brings profound demographic changes worldwide. The multi-level progression of aging occurs at diverse stages of complexity, from cell to organ systems and eventually to the human as a whole. The cellular and molecular damages are usually regulated by the cells; repair or degrade mechanisms. However, these mechanisms are not entirely functional; their effectiveness decreases with age due to influence from endogenous sources like oxidative stress, which all contribute to the aging process. The hunt for novel strategies to increase the man's longevity since ancient times needs better understandings of the biology of aging, oxidative stress, and their roles in RNA oxidation. The critical goal in developing new strategies to increase the man's longevity is to compile the novel developed knowledge on human aging into a single picture, preferably able to understand the biology of aging and the contributing factors. This review discusses the biology of aging, oxidative stress, and their roles in RNA oxidation, leading to aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisekaran Hemagirri
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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24
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Seixas AF, Quendera AP, Sousa JP, Silva AFQ, Arraiano CM, Andrade JM. Bacterial Response to Oxidative Stress and RNA Oxidation. Front Genet 2022; 12:821535. [PMID: 35082839 PMCID: PMC8784731 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.821535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have to cope with oxidative stress caused by distinct Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), derived not only from normal aerobic metabolism but also from oxidants present in their environments. The major ROS include superoxide O2−, hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and radical hydroxide HO•. To protect cells under oxidative stress, bacteria induce the expression of several genes, namely the SoxRS, OxyR and PerR regulons. Cells are able to tolerate a certain number of free radicals, but high levels of ROS result in the oxidation of several biomolecules. Strikingly, RNA is particularly susceptible to this common chemical damage. Oxidation of RNA causes the formation of strand breaks, elimination of bases or insertion of mutagenic lesions in the nucleobases. The most common modification is 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-oxo-G), an oxidized form of guanosine. The structure and function of virtually all RNA species (mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, sRNA) can be affected by RNA oxidation, leading to translational defects with harmful consequences for cell survival. However, bacteria have evolved RNA quality control pathways to eliminate oxidized RNA, involving RNA-binding proteins like the members of the MutT/Nudix family and the ribonuclease PNPase. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the bacterial stress response to RNA oxidation, namely we present the different ROS responsible for this chemical damage and describe the main strategies employed by bacteria to fight oxidative stress and control RNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Seixas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana P Quendera
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - João P Sousa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Alda F Q Silva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cecília M Arraiano
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José M Andrade
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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25
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Evangelou K, Veroutis D, Paschalaki K, Foukas PG, Lagopati N, Dimitriou M, Papaspyropoulos A, Konda B, Hazapis O, Polyzou A, Havaki S, Kotsinas A, Kittas C, Tzioufas AG, de Leval L, Vassilakos D, Tsiodras S, Stripp BR, Papantonis A, Blandino G, Karakasiliotis I, Barnes PJ, Gorgoulis VG. Pulmonary infection by SARS-CoV-2 induces senescence accompanied by an inflammatory phenotype in severe COVID-19: possible implications for viral mutagenesis. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.02951-2021. [PMID: 35086840 PMCID: PMC8796696 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02951-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of the respiratory system can progress to a multisystemic disease with aberrant inflammatory response. Cellular senescence promotes chronic inflammation, named senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We investigated whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with cellular senescence and SASP. Methods Autopsy lung tissue samples from 11 COVID-19 patients and 43 age-matched non-COVID-19 controls with similar comorbidities were analysed by immunohistochemistry for SARS-CoV-2, markers of senescence and key SASP cytokines. Virally induced senescence was functionally recapitulated in vitro, by infecting epithelial Vero-E6 cells and a three-dimensional alveosphere system of alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells with SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated from COVID-19 patients. Results SARS-CoV-2 was detected by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy predominantly in AT2 cells. Infected AT2 cells expressed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and exhibited increased senescence (p16INK4A and SenTraGor positivity) and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 expression. In vitro, infection of Vero-E6 cells with SARS-CoV-2 induced senescence (SenTraGor), DNA damage (γ-H2AX) and increased cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL8) and apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing (APOBEC) enzyme expression. Next-generation sequencing analysis of progenies obtained from infected/senescent Vero-E6 cells demonstrated APOBEC-mediated SARS-CoV-2 mutations. Dissemination of the SARS-CoV-2-infection and senescence was confirmed in extrapulmonary sites (kidney and liver) of a COVID-19 patient. Conclusions We demonstrate that in severe COVID-19, AT2 cells infected by SARS-CoV-2 exhibit senescence and a proinflammatory phenotype. In vitro, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces senescence and inflammation. Importantly, infected senescent cells may act as a source of SARS-CoV-2 mutagenesis mediated by APOBEC enzymes. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2-induced senescence may be an important molecular mechanism of severe COVID-19, disease persistence and mutagenesis. In severe COVID-19, alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells infected by SARS-CoV-2 exhibit senescence accompanied by a proinflammatory phenotype, a molecular mechanism that may be important in persistence of disease (post-acute sequelae of COVID-19) and mutagenesis https://bit.ly/3fnopg9
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Evangelou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Veroutis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Periklis G Foukas
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marios Dimitriou
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Angelos Papaspyropoulos
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Bindu Konda
- Lung and Regenerative Medicine Institutes, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Orsalia Hazapis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Polyzou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Havaki
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios Kotsinas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Kittas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Demetris Vassilakos
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Tsiodras
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Hellenic Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Athens, Greece
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Lung and Regenerative Medicine Institutes, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Translational Epigenetics Group, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ioannis Karakasiliotis
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Peter J Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, UK
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26
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Chmielowska-Bąk J, Izbiańska-Jankowska K, Deckert J. Estimation of the Level of Abasic Sites in Plant mRNA Using Aldehyde Reactive Probe. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2526:125-134. [PMID: 35657516 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2469-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of RNA is associated with the development of numerous disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cancer, and diabetes. Additionally, a correlation has been found between increase in RNA oxidation and the process of aging. In plants, elevated level of oxidatively modified transcripts has been detected during alleviation of seeds dormancy and stress response. Increasing interest on the topic of RNA oxidative modifications requires elaboration of new laboratory techniques. So far, the most common method used for the assessment of RNA oxidation is quantification of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHG). However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce also numerous other changes in nucleic acids, including formation of abasic sites (AP-sites). Recently, the level of AP-sites in RNA has been measured with the use Aldehyde Reactive Probe (ARP). In the present chapter, we describe application of this technique for the evaluation of the level of AP-sites in plant transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagna Chmielowska-Bąk
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Karolina Izbiańska-Jankowska
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Deckert
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
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27
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Smethurst DGJ, Shcherbik N. Interchangeable utilization of metals: New perspectives on the impacts of metal ions employed in ancient and extant biomolecules. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101374. [PMID: 34732319 PMCID: PMC8633580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal ions provide considerable functionality across biological systems, and their utilization within biomolecules has adapted through changes in the chemical environment to maintain the activity they facilitate. While ancient earth's atmosphere was rich in iron and manganese and low in oxygen, periods of atmospheric oxygenation significantly altered the availability of certain metal ions, resulting in ion replacement within biomolecules. This adaptation mechanism has given rise to the phenomenon of metal cofactor interchangeability, whereby contemporary proteins and nucleic acids interact with multiple metal ions interchangeably, with different coordinated metals influencing biological activity, stability, and toxic potential. The ability of extant organisms to adapt to fluctuating metal availability remains relevant in a number of crucial biomolecules, including the superoxide dismutases of the antioxidant defense systems and ribonucleotide reductases. These well-studied and ancient enzymes illustrate the potential for metal interchangeability and adaptive utilization. More recently, the ribosome has also been demonstrated to exhibit interchangeable interactions with metal ions with impacts on function, stability, and stress adaptation. Using these and other examples, here we review the biological significance of interchangeable metal ions from a new angle that combines both biochemical and evolutionary viewpoints. The geochemical pressures and chemical properties that underlie biological metal utilization are discussed in the context of their impact on modern disease states and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G J Smethurst
- Department for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, New Jersey, USA.
| | - Natalia Shcherbik
- Department for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, New Jersey, USA.
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28
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Cheng X, Murthy SRK, Zhuang T, Ly L, Jones O, Basadonna G, Keidar M, Kanaan Y, Canady J. Canady Helios Cold Plasma Induces Breast Cancer Cell Death by Oxidation of Histone mRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179578. [PMID: 34502492 PMCID: PMC8430908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Its molecular receptor marker status and mutational subtypes complicate clinical therapies. Cold atmospheric plasma is a promising adjuvant therapy to selectively combat many cancers, including breast cancer, but not normal tissue; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. Here, four breast cancer cell lines with different marker status were treated with Canady Helios Cold Plasma™ (CHCP) at various dosages and their differential progress of apoptosis was monitored. Inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and disruption of the cell cycle were observed. At least 16 histone mRNA types were oxidized and degraded immediately after CHCP treatment by 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) modification. The expression of DNA damage response genes was up-regulated 12 h post-treatment, indicating that 8-oxoG modification and degradation of histone mRNA during the early S phase of the cell cycle, rather than DNA damage, is the primary cause of cancer cell death induced by CHCP. Our report demonstrates for the first time that CHCP effectively induces cell death in breast cancer regardless of subtyping, through histone mRNA oxidation and degradation during the early S phase of the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Cheng
- Jerome Canady Research Institute for Advanced Biological and Technological Sciences, Takoma Park, MD 20912, USA; (X.C.); (S.R.K.M.); (T.Z.); (L.L.); (O.J.)
| | - Saravana R. K. Murthy
- Jerome Canady Research Institute for Advanced Biological and Technological Sciences, Takoma Park, MD 20912, USA; (X.C.); (S.R.K.M.); (T.Z.); (L.L.); (O.J.)
| | - Taisen Zhuang
- Jerome Canady Research Institute for Advanced Biological and Technological Sciences, Takoma Park, MD 20912, USA; (X.C.); (S.R.K.M.); (T.Z.); (L.L.); (O.J.)
| | - Lawan Ly
- Jerome Canady Research Institute for Advanced Biological and Technological Sciences, Takoma Park, MD 20912, USA; (X.C.); (S.R.K.M.); (T.Z.); (L.L.); (O.J.)
| | - Olivia Jones
- Jerome Canady Research Institute for Advanced Biological and Technological Sciences, Takoma Park, MD 20912, USA; (X.C.); (S.R.K.M.); (T.Z.); (L.L.); (O.J.)
| | - Giacomo Basadonna
- School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605, USA;
| | - Michael Keidar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Yasmine Kanaan
- Microbiology Department, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA;
- Howard University Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Jerome Canady
- Jerome Canady Research Institute for Advanced Biological and Technological Sciences, Takoma Park, MD 20912, USA; (X.C.); (S.R.K.M.); (T.Z.); (L.L.); (O.J.)
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
- Department of Surgery, Holy Cross Hospital, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(301)-270-0147
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29
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Hebbar S, Knust E. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) constitute an additional player in regulating epithelial development. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100096. [PMID: 34260754 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules produced in cells. So far, they have mostly been connected to diseases and pathological conditions. More recent results revealed a somewhat unexpected role of ROS in control of developmental processes. In this review, we elaborate on ROS in development, focussing on their connection to epithelial tissue morphogenesis. After briefly summarising unique characteristics of epithelial cells, we present some characteristic features of ROS species, their production and targets, with a focus on proteins important for epithelial development and function. Finally, we provide examples of regulation of epithelial morphogenesis by ROS, and also of developmental genes that regulate the overall redox status. We conclude by discussing future avenues of research that will further elucidate ROS regulation in epithelial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Hebbar
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Knust
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
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30
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Estevez M, Valesyan S, Jora M, Limbach PA, Addepalli B. Oxidative Damage to RNA is Altered by the Presence of Interacting Proteins or Modified Nucleosides. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:697149. [PMID: 34277707 PMCID: PMC8281250 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.697149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress triggered by the Fenton reaction (chemical) or UVR exposure (photo) can damage cellular biomolecules including RNA through oxidation of nucleotides. Besides such xenobiotic chemical modifications, RNA also contains several post-transcriptional nucleoside modifications that are installed by enzymes to modulate structure, RNA-protein interactions, and biochemical functions. We examined the extent of oxidative damage to naturally modified RNA which is required for cellular protein synthesis under two different contexts. The extent of oxidative damage is higher when RNA is not associated with proteins, but the degree of damage is lower when the RNA is presented in the form of a ribonucleoprotein complex, such as an intact ribosome. Our studies also indicate that absence of methylations in ribosomal RNA at specific positions could make it more susceptible to photooxidative stress. However, the extent of guanosine oxidation varied with the position at which the modification is deficient, indicating position-dependent structural effects. Further, an E. coli strain deficient in 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm5s2U) (found in lysine and glutamate tRNA anticodon) is more vulnerable to oxidative RNA damage compared to its wildtype strain suggesting an auxiliary function for the mnm5s2U modification. These studies indicate that oxidative damage to RNA is altered by the presence of enzymatic modified nucleosides or protein association inside the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Estevez
- Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Satenik Valesyan
- Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Manasses Jora
- Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Patrick A Limbach
- Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Balasubrahmanyam Addepalli
- Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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31
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Alluri RK, Li Z, McCrae KR. Stress Granule-Mediated Oxidized RNA Decay in P-Body: Hypothetical Role of ADAR1, Tudor-SN, and STAU1. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:672988. [PMID: 34150849 PMCID: PMC8211916 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.672988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated under oxidative stress (OS) cause oxidative damage to RNA. Recent studies have suggested a role for oxidized RNA in several human disorders. Under the conditions of oxidative stress, mRNAs released from polysome dissociation accumulate and initiate stress granule (SG) assembly. SGs are highly enriched in mRNAs, containing inverted repeat (IR) Alus in 3′ UTRs, AU-rich elements, and RNA-binding proteins. SGs and processing bodies (P-bodies) transiently interact through a docking mechanism to allow the exchange of RNA species. However, the types of RNA species exchanged, and the mechanisms and outcomes of exchange are still unknown. Specialized RNA-binding proteins, including adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR1-p150), with an affinity toward inverted repeat Alus, and Tudor staphylococcal nuclease (Tudor-SN) are specifically recruited to SGs under OS along with an RNA transport protein, Staufen1 (STAU1), but their precise biochemical roles in SGs and SG/P-body docking are uncertain. Here, we critically review relevant literature and propose a hypothetical mechanism for the processing and decay of oxidized-RNA in SGs/P-bodies, as well as the role of ADAR1-p150, Tudor-SN, and STAU1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Alluri
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zhongwei Li
- Biomedical Science Department, College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Keith R McCrae
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Caserta S, Ghezzi P. Release of redox enzymes and micro-RNAs in extracellular vesicles, during infection and inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:248-257. [PMID: 33862160 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many studies reported that redox enzymes, particularly thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin, can be released by cells and act as soluble mediators in immunity. Recently, it became clear that peroxiredoxins can be secreted via the exosome-release route, yet it remains unclear how this exactly happens and why. This review will first introduce briefly the possible redox states of protein cysteines and the role of redox enzymes in their regulation. We will then discuss the studies on the extracellular forms of some of these enzymes, their association with exosomes/extracellular vesicles and with exosome micro-RNAs (miRNAs)/mRNAs involved in oxidative processes, relevant in infection and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caserta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hardy Building, The University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Ghezzi
- Department of Clinical Experimental Medicine, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN19RY, United Kingdom.
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33
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Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activities of the Ethanolic Extract of Daphne sericea Vahl Flowering Aerial Parts Collected in Central Italy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030379. [PMID: 33802543 PMCID: PMC8001904 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the first phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of Daphne sericea Vahl flowering aerial parts collected in Italy and its biological activities were reported. Eleven compounds were identified i.e., α-linolenic acid (1), tri-linoleoyl-sn-glycerol (2), pheophorbide a ethyl ester (3), pilloin (4), sinensetin (5), yuanhuanin (6), rutamontine (7), syringin (8), p-coumaric acid (9), p-anisic acid (10) and caffeic acid (11). To the best of our knowledge, compounds (1-4, 7-8 and 10) were isolated from D. sericea for the first time during this work, whereas sinensetin (5) represents a newly identified component of the entire Thymelaeaceae family. The extract was found to possess radical scavenging against both DPPH• and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-thylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+) radicals, with at least a 40-fold higher potency against the latter. Moreover, chelating abilities against both ferrous and ferric ions have been highlighted, thus suggesting a possible indirect antioxidant power of the extract. Although the precise bioactive compounds remain to be discovered, the polyphenolic constituents, including phenolic acids, tannins and flavonoids, seem to contribute to the antioxidant power of the phytocomplex. In addition, the extract produced cytotoxic effects in MDA-MB-231 and U87-MG cancer cell lines, especially at the concentration of 625 μg/mL and after 48–72 h. Further studies are required to clarify the contribution of the identified compounds in the bioactivities of the extract and to support possible future applications.
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34
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Karabekmez ME, Taymaz-Nikerel H, Eraslan S, Kirdar B. Time-dependent re-organization of biological processes by the analysis of the dynamic transcriptional response of yeast cells to doxorubicin. Mol Omics 2021; 17:572-582. [PMID: 34095940 DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00046b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is an efficient chemotherapeutic reagent in the treatment of a variety of cancers. However, its underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood and several severe side effects limit its application. In this study, the dynamic transcriptomic response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells to a doxorubicin pulse in a chemostat system was investigated to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism of this drug. The clustering of differentially and significantly expressed genes (DEGs) indicated that the response of yeast cells to doxorubicin is time dependent and may be classified as short-term, mid-term and long-term responses. The cells have started to reorganize their response after the first minute following the injection of the pulse. A modified version of Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to cluster the positively correlated co-expression profiles, and functional enrichment analysis of these clusters was carried out. DNA replication and DNA repair processes were significantly affected and induced 60 minutes after exposure to doxorubicin. The response to oxidative stress was not identified as a significant term. A transcriptional re-organization of the metabolic pathways seems to be an early event and persists afterwards. The present study reveals for the first time that the RNA surveillance pathway, which is a post-transcriptional regulatory pathway, may be implicated in the short-term reaction of yeast cells to doxorubicin. Integration with regulome revealed the dynamic re-organization of the transcriptomic landscape. Fhl1p, Mbp1p, and Mcm1p were identified as primary regulatory factors responsible for tuning the differentially expressed genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hilal Taymaz-Nikerel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Bilgi University, 34060 Eyup, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serpil Eraslan
- Koç University Hospital, Diagnosis Centre for Genetic Disorders, Topkapı, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Kirdar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, 34342 Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey.
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35
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Skinner A, Yang C, Hincks K, Wang H, Resendiz MJE. Experimental and theoretical rationalization for the base pairing abilities of inosine, guanosine, adenosine, and their corresponding 8-oxo-7,8-dihydropurine, and 8-bromopurine analogues within A-form duplexes of RNA. Biopolymers 2020; 111:e23410. [PMID: 33216981 PMCID: PMC7780609 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inosine is an important RNA modification, furthermore RNA oxidation has gained interest due, in part, to its potential role in the development/progression of disease as well as on its impact on RNA structure and function. In this report we established the base pairing abilities of purine nucleobases G, I, A, as well as their corresponding, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydropurine (common products of oxidation at the C8-position of purines), and 8-bromopurine (as probes to explore conformational changes), derivatives, namely 8-oxoG, 8-oxoI, 8-oxoA, 8-BrG, and 8-BrI. Dodecamers of RNA were obtained using standard phosphoramidite chemistry via solid-phase synthesis, and used as models to establish the impact that each of these nucleobases have on the thermal stability of duplexes, when base pairing to canonical and noncanonical nucleobases. Thermal stabilities were obtained from thermal denaturation transition (Tm ) measurements, via circular dichroism (CD). The results were then rationalized using models of base pairs between two monomers, via density functional theory (DFT), that allowed us to better understand potential contributions from H-bonding patterns arising from distinct conformations. Overall, some of the important results indicate that: (a) an anti-I:syn-A base pair provides thermal stability, due to the absence of the exocyclic amine; (b) 8-oxoG base pairs like U, and does not induce destabilization within the duplex when compared to the pyrimidine ring; (c) a U:G wobble-pair is only stabilized by G; and (d) 8-oxoA displays an inherited base pairing promiscuity in this sequence context. Gaining a better understanding of how this oxidatively generated lesions potentially base pair with other nucleobases will be useful to predict various biological outcomes, as well as in the design of biomaterials and/or nucleotide derivatives with biological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Skinner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Colorado DenverDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Chou‐Hsun Yang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Colorado DenverDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Kazuki Hincks
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Colorado DenverDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Haobin Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Colorado DenverDenverColoradoUSA
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Gonzalez A, Huerta-Salgado C, Orozco-Aguilar J, Aguirre F, Tacchi F, Simon F, Cabello-Verrugio C. Role of Oxidative Stress in Hepatic and Extrahepatic Dysfunctions during Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1617805. [PMID: 33149804 PMCID: PMC7603619 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1617805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathology that contains a broad liver dysfunctions spectrum. These alterations span from noninflammatory isolated steatosis until nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a more aggressive form of the disease characterized by steatosis, inflammatory status, and varying liver degrees fibrosis. NAFLD is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. The causes of NAFLD are diverse and include genetic and environmental factors. The presence of NASH is strongly associated with cirrhosis development and hepatocellular carcinoma, two conditions that require liver transplantation. The liver alterations during NAFLD are well described. Interestingly, this pathological condition also affects other critical tissues and organs, such as skeletal muscle and even the cardiovascular, renal, and nervous systems. Oxidative stress (OS) is a harmful state present in several chronic diseases, such as NAFLD. The purpose of this review is to describe hepatic and extrahepatic dysfunctions in NAFLD. We will also review the influence of OS on the physiopathological events that affect the critical function of the liver and peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Huerta-Salgado
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Josué Orozco-Aguilar
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Aguirre
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Tacchi
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Chile
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Gruber F, Marchetti-Deschmann M, Kremslehner C, Schosserer M. The Skin Epilipidome in Stress, Aging, and Inflammation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:607076. [PMID: 33551998 PMCID: PMC7859619 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.607076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are highly diverse biomolecules crucial for the formation and function of cellular membranes, for metabolism, and for cellular signaling. In the mammalian skin, lipids additionally serve for the formation of the epidermal barrier and as surface lipids, together regulating permeability, physical properties, acidification and the antimicrobial defense. Recent advances in accuracy and specificity of mass spectrometry have allowed studying enzymatic and non-enzymatic modifications of lipids-the epilipidome-multiplying the known diversity of molecules in this class. As the skin is an organ that is frequently exposed to oxidative-, chemical- and thermal stress, and to injury and inflammation, it is an ideal organ to study epilipidome dynamics, their causes, and their biological consequences. Recent studies uncover loss or gain in biological function resulting from either specific modifications or the sum of the modifications of lipids. These studies suggest an important role for the epilipidome in stress responses and immune regulation in the skin. In this minireview we provide a short survey of the recent developments on causes and consequences of epilipidomic changes in the skin or in cell types that reside in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Gruber
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE -, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Florian Gruber,
| | - Martina Marchetti-Deschmann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE -, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Kremslehner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE -, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE -, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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