A Review on the Role of miR-1290 in Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis and Invasion

Identification of common salivary miRNA in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory condition that can impact patients' quality of life. While its exact etiology remains unclear, it is associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation. Currently, the diagnosis of OLP relies on clinical examination and histopathological analysis, which can be invasive. Therefore, there is an urgent need for non-invasive and accurate diagnostic biomarkers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the potential of salivary microRNAs as promising candidates for OLP diagnosis. This meta-analysis seeks to identify specific microRNAs that are differentially expressed and could serve as reliable biomarkers for OLP diagnosis.

METHODS

Our strategy involved searching for pertinent keywords in multiple academic databases including Cochrane Library, Embase, LIVIVO, MEDLINE, Ovid, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, Espacenet, and Google Scholar search engine. Upon identification, articles were screened and data extracted from the eligible studies. Split component synthesis method was utilized to assess specificity, sensitivity, likelihood and diagnostic odds ratios. The random-effects meta-analysis approach was used to combine study findings and develop pooled diagnostic performance metrics. Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots were generated to determine area under the curve. Subgroup analyses concerning the type of saliva and control groups were also performed.

RESULTS

Among the fourteen studies included in our systematic review, five were eligible for meta-analysis. Salivary microRNAs showed the pooled sensitivity of 0.80 (95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.68-0.88), specificity of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.82-0.94), diagnostic odds ratio of 28.45 (95% CI: 10.40-77.80), and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 for OLP diagnosis. Unstimulated saliva had higher sensitivity and specificity than oral swirl samples as the biomarker medium for OLP diagnosis. Meta-analysis uncovered that miR-27a, miR-137, miR-1290, miR-27b, miR-4484, miR-142, and miR-1246 had the highest diagnostic odds ratio for OLP.

CONCLUSIONS

Our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that salivary microRNAs can serve as valuable biomarkers for the diagnosis of OLP. The findings highlight the exceptional accuracy of salivary microRNAs in differentiating OLP patients from healthy controls and assessing the risk of malignant transformation.

miR-2467-3p/ABLIM1 Axis Mediates the Formation and Progression of Deep Vein Thrombosis by Regulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common postoperative complication of orthopaedic surgery with a complex pathogenesis mechanism. The effect of the miR-2467-3p/acting-binding LIM protein 1 (ABLIM1) axis on thrombus formation and human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) progression was evaluated aiming to identify a novel potential biomarker of DVT. DVT rat models were established by inferior vena cava stenosis. The expression of the miR-2467-3p/ABLIM1 axis was analyzed by PCR. HUVECs were induced with oxidative low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Cell growth and motility were assessed by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) and Transwell assay. The inflammation and oxidative stress were estimated by proinflammatory cytokines and generation of MDA and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ABLIM1 was downregulated in DVT rats. Overexpressing ABLIM1 could suppress the formation of thrombosis and alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress. In HUVECs, ox-LDL induced significantly increased miR-2467-3p and decreased ABLIM1, and miR-2467-3p could negatively regulate ABLIM1. The knockdown of miR-2467-3p could alleviate the inhibited cell growth and motility by ox-LDL, and the inflammation and oxidative stress were also attenuated. While silencing could reverse the effect of miR-2467-3p on ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. The miR-2467-3p/ABLIM1 axis regulates the occurrence and development of DVT through modulating HUVECs inflammation and oxidative stress.

Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Stimulate Angiogenesis in a Scaffold-Dependent Fashion

BACKGROUND

The extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASC) are microenvironment modulators in tissue regeneration by releasing their molecular cargo, including miRNAs. However, the influence of ASC-derived extracellular vesicles (ASC-EVs) on endothelial cells (ECs) and vascularisation is poorly understood. The present study aimed to determine the pro-angiogenic effects of ASC-EVs and explore their miRNA profile.

METHODS

EVs were isolated from normoxic and hypoxic cultured ASC conditioned culture medium. The miRNA expression profile was determined by miRseq, and EV markers were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The uptake dynamics of fluorescently labelled EVs were monitored for 24 h. ASC-EVs' pro-angiogenic effect was assessed by sprouting ex vivo rat aorta rings in left ventricular-decellularized extracellular matrix (LV dECM) hydrogel or basement membrane hydrogel (Geltrex®).

RESULTS

ASC-EVs augmented vascular network formation by aorta rings. The vascular network topology and stability were influenced in a hydrogel scaffold-dependent fashion. The ASC-EVs were enriched for several miRNA families/clusters, including Let-7 and miR-23/27/24. The miRNA-1290 was the highest enriched non-clustered miRNA, accounting for almost 20% of all reads in hypoxia EVs.

CONCLUSION

Our study revealed that ASC-EVs augment in vitro and ex vivo vascularisation, likely due to the enriched pro-angiogenic miRNAs in EVs, particularly miR-1290. Our results show promise for regenerative and revascularisation therapies based on ASC-EV-loaded ECM hydrogels.

Neutrophil-Derived MicroRNA-1290 Promotes Keratinocyte Proliferation in Psoriasis

The pathological hallmark of psoriasis is the infiltration of neutrophils into the skin. Some neutrophil-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) serve as biomarkers for various diseases, but none have been reported for psoriasis. In this study, we investigated the involvement of miRNAs released from neutrophils in psoriasis pathogenesis. We compared the expression of miRNAs in the sera of patients with psoriasis with that in healthy individuals and found that the expression of 2 miRNAs-miR-223 and miR-1290-was significantly upregulated in the sera of patients with psoriasis. The serum levels of these miRNAs positively correlated with the PASI and CRP levels. We used all-trans retinoic acid to induce the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells into neutrophil-like cells and found that the release of both miRNAs increased during differentiation. Furthermore, the release of miR-1290 was increased by TNF-α in neutrophil-like cells and human neutrophils. Treatment with the miR-1290 precursor promoted the proliferation of human keratinocytes, increased the proportion of S-phase cells, and upregulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. These results suggest that miR-1290 plays a vital role in regulating neutrophil differentiation and keratinocyte proliferation and could be a serum marker of psoriasis severity.

Research progress on molecular mechanism of pyroptosis caused by Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy worldwide. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a Gram-negative spiral bacterium, has the ability to colonize and persist in the human gastric mucosa. Persistent H. pylori infection has been identified as a major risk factor for ~80% of GC cases. The interplay between H. pylori pathogenicity, genetic background, and environmental factors collectively contribute to GC transformation. Eradicating H. pylori infection is beneficial in reducing the recurrence of gastric cancer and residual cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in GC remain incompletely understood. Additionally, H. pylori reshapes the immune microenvironment within the stomach which may compromise immunotherapy efficacy in infected individuals. Clinical eradication of H. pylori infection still faces numerous challenges. In this review, the authors summarize recent research progress on elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying H. pylori infection in GC development. Notably, CagA protein-a carcinogenic virulence factor predominantly expressed by Asian strains of H. pylori-induces inflammation and excessive ROS production within gastric mucosa cells. Dysregulation of multiple pyroptosis signalling pathways can lead to malignant transformation of these cells. MiRNA-1290 plays a crucial role in GC initiation and progression while serving as an indicator for disease progression dynamics. Pyroptosis exhibits dual roles both promoting carcinogenesis and inhibiting tumour growth; thus it holds potential clinical applications for drug-resistant GC treatment strategies. Furthermore, pyroptosis may play a regulatory role within the immune system during gastric cancer development. Lastly, the authors provide an overview on current concepts regarding pyroptosis as well as insights into miRNA-1290's pathogenicity and clinical value within immune mechanisms associated with GC, aiming to serve as reference material for researchers.

Identification of MicroRNA Profiles in Fetal Spina Bifida: The Role in Pathomechanism and Diagnostic Significance

Distinct miRNA expression patterns may reflect anomalies related to fetal congenital malformations such as spinal bifida (SB). The aim of this preliminary study was to determine the maternal miRNA expression profile of women carrying fetuses with SB. Therefore, six women carrying fetuses with SB and twenty women with euploid healthy fetuses were enrolled in this study. Using NanoString technology, we evaluated the expression level of 798 miRNAs in both plasma and amniotic fluid samples. A downregulation of miR-1253, miR-1290, miR-194-5p, miR-302d-3p, miR-3144-3p, miR-4536-5p, miR-548aa + miR-548t-3p, miR-548ar-5p, miR-548n, miR-590-5p, miR-612, miR-627-5p, miR-644a, and miR-122-5p, and an upregulation of miR-320e, let-7b-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-873-3p, and miR-30d-5p were identified in maternal amniotic fluid samples in SB when compared to the control group. The target genes of these miRNAs play a predominant role in regulating the synthesis of several biological compounds related to signaling pathways such as those regulating the pluripotency of stem cells. Moreover, the maternal plasma expression of miR-320e was increased in pregnancies with SB, and this marker could serve as a valuable non-invasive screening tool. Our results highlight the SB-specific miRNA signature and the differentially expressed miRNAs that may be involved in SB pathogenesis. Our findings emphasize the role of miRNA as a predictive factor that could potentially be useful in prenatal genetic screening for SB.

Evaluation of Mir-1290 as a Possible Diagnostic Factor in the Serum of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients with Qualitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Background & Objective

This study aimed to determine the incidence of microRNA (miRNA; miR-1290) in the serum of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients compared to a control group using the qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.

Methods

Blood serum samples were obtained from patients diagnosed with OSCC and confirmed through biopsy. The samples were collected from patients referred to the Mashhad Dental Faculty and Ghaem Hospital. The OSCC group consisted of 17 patients, while the healthy group included 15 individuals. RNA was extracted from the patient samples, and samples with an A260/280 ratio between 1.8 and 2.0 (indicating acceptable RNA quality) were immediately converted into complementary DNA (cDNA) using albumin and cDNA reference genes. The SYBR green real-time reverse transcriptase PCR method was used to measure the presence of miR-1290 in the blood samples.

Results

A total of 32 patients were examined in this study, including 17 women (53.1%) and 15 men (46.9%). The mean age was 46.7 years in the healthy group and 54.6 years in the SCC group, indicating a significant difference (P<0.05). The expression level of the miR-1290 gene was higher in patients with SCC compared to the healthy group (P=0.000). While the expression level of miR-1290 was higher in grade 3 and advanced stage than in grades 2 and 1 and early stage, the differences were not statistically significant (P=0.173 and P=0.564 for grade and stage, respectively).

Conclusion

The expression level of miR-1290 may increase in SCC patients compared to healthy individuals, making it a potential circulating biomarker. Further investigations for diagnostic utility would be warranted.

Oncogenic microRNA-1290 and SCAI Gene as Potential Biomarker for Colorectal Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the world's third most frequent cancer, with a significant mortality rate due to late detection. There is a need to search for biomarkers that can detect colorectal cancer at an early stage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate several targets that function as oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes, so any change in microRNA expression level can predict abnormality.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the study was to evaluate the expression of miR-1290, and Suppressor of cancer cell invasion (SCAI) gene that may be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma.

METHODOLOGY

This study included 50 subjects consisting of newly diagnosed colorectal carcinoma patients (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 25). After RNA isolation and reverse transcription, the expression level of miR-1290 and SCAI gene in the tissues and plasma samples of CRC patients were analyzed using real time PCR and compared with healthy individuals as normal controls. The 2-ΔΔCt formula was used to compute the fold-change, while using miR-16 and GAPDH as reference genes for normalization.

RESULTS

We found that miR-1290 is upregulated, whereas SCAI gene is downregulated in both plasma and tissue samples of CRC patients. For miR-1290, the sensitivity was 96% and specificity was 100%, and for SCAI, 100% sensitivity and 88% specificity was calculated by ROC analysis.

CONCLUSION

The expression of miR-1290 and SCAI gene may be utilized as biomarkers for diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma.

Current landscape of miRNAs and TGF-β signaling in lung cancer progression and therapeutic targets

Lung cancer (LC) is the primary reason for cancer-associated fatalities globally. Due to both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting activities, the TGF-β family of growth factors is extremely essential to tumorigenesis. A non-coding single-stranded short RNA called microRNA (miRNA), which is made up of about 22 nt and is encoded by endogenous genes, can control normal and pathological pathways in various kinds of cancer, including LC. Recent research demonstrated that the TGF-β signaling directly can affect the synthesis of miRNAs through suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD)-dependent activity or other unidentified pathways, which could generate allostatic feedback as a result of TGF-β signaling stimulation and ultimately affect the destiny of cancer tissues. In this review, we emphasize the critical functions of miRNAs in lung cancer progression and, more critically, how they affect the TGF-β signaling pathway, and explore the role of both the TGF-β signaling pathway and miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for improving the treatments of LC patients.

Preanalytic Methodological Considerations and Sample Quality Control of Circulating miRNAs

As miRNAs emerge as potential circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis or prognosis of a wide variety of diseases, the quantification of miRNA necessitates careful preanalytic considerations and sample quality control becomes crucial. This study comprehensively analyzed the profiles of 356 miRNAs by quantitative RT-PCR in various blood sample types, with various processing protocols. The comprehensive analysis investigated the correlations of individual miRNAs with certain confounding factors. On the basis of these profiles, a panel of 7 miRNAs was established for the quality control of samples corresponding to hemolysis and platelet contamination. The panel was used to investigate the confounding impacts based on the size of the blood collection tube, the centrifugation protocol, post-freeze-thaw spinning, and whole blood storage. A standard dual-spin workflow for the processing of blood had been established for optimal sample quality. The real-time stability of 356 miRNAs was also investigated with demonstration of the temperature and time-induced miRNA degradation profile. Stability-related miRNAs were identified from real-time stability study and further incorporated into the quality control panel. This quality control panel enables the assessment of sample quality for more robust and reliable detection of circulating miRNAs.

A review on the importance of miRNA-135 in human diseases

MicroRNA-135 (miR-135) is a microRNA which is involved in the pathoetiology of several neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. Both tumor suppressor and oncogenic roles have been reported for this miRNA. Studies in prostate, renal, gallbladder and nasopharyngeal cancers as well as glioma have shown down-regulation of miR-135 in cancerous tissues compared with controls. These studies have also shown the impact of miR-135 down-regulation on enhancement of cell proliferation and aggressive behavior. Meanwhile, miR-135 has been shown to be up-regulated in bladder, oral, colorectal and liver cancers. Studies in breast, gastric, lung and pancreatic cancers as well as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have reported dual roles for miR-135. Dysregulation of miR-135 has also been noted in various non-neoplastic conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis, depression, diabetes, Parkinson, pulmonary arterial hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, endometriosis, epilepsy and allergic conditions. In the current review, we summarize the role of miR-135 in the carcinogenesis as well as development of other disorders.

Breast Cancer Subtype-Specific miRNAs: Networks, Impacts, and the Potential for Intervention

The regulatory and functional roles of non-coding RNAs are increasingly demonstrated as critical in cancer. Among non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most well-studied with direct regulation of biological signals through post-transcriptional repression of mRNAs. Like the transcriptome, which varies between tissue type and disease condition, the miRNA landscape is also similarly altered and shows disease-specific changes. The importance of individual tumor-promoting or suppressing miRNAs is well documented in breast cancer; however, the implications of miRNA networks is less defined. Some evidence suggests that breast cancer subtype-specific cellular effects are influenced by distinct miRNAs and a comprehensive network of subtype-specific miRNAs and mRNAs would allow us to better understand breast cancer signaling. In this review, we discuss the altered miRNA landscape in the context of breast cancer and propose that breast cancer subtypes have distinct miRNA dysregulation. Further, given that miRNAs can be used as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers, their impact as novel targets for subtype-specific therapy is also possible and suggest important implications for subtype-specific miRNAs.

The importance of miRNA-630 in human diseases with an especial focus on cancers

miR-630 is encoded by MIR630 gene (NC_000015.10) on 15q24.1. This miRNA is mostly associated with cytokine signaling in immune system. Several neoplastic as well as non-neoplastic conditions have been linked with dysregulation of miR-630. It is an oncogenic miRNA in renal cell carcinoma, multiple myeloma, colorectal cancer, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ovarian cancer and prostate cancer. On the other hand, it is a putative tumor suppressor miRNA in lung, cervical, breast, thyroid and esophageal tissues. In a number of other tissues, data regarding the role of miR-630 in the carcinogenesis is conflicting. Expression levels of miR-630 can be used as markers for prediction of cancer course. Moreover, miR-630 can influence response to chemoradiotherapy. This miRNA is also involved in the pathoetiology of IgA nephropathy, obstructive sleep apnea, age-related nuclear cataract and vitiligo. In the present review, we discuss the role of miR-630 in these conditions.