1
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Yuan H, Prabhala SV, Coolbaugh MJ, Stimple SD, Wood DW. Improved self-cleaving precipitation tags for efficient column free bioseparations. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 224:106578. [PMID: 39153561 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Current biological research requires simple protein bioseparation methods capable of purifying target proteins in a single step with high yields and purities. Conventional affinity tag-based approaches require specific affinity resins and expensive proteolytic enzymes for tag removal. Purification strategies based on self-cleaving aggregating tags have been previously developed to address these problems. However, these methods often utilize C-terminal cleaving contiguous inteins which suffer from premature cleavage, resulting in significant product loss during protein expression. In this work, we evaluate two novel mutants of the Mtu RecA ΔI-CM mini-intein obtained through yeast surface display for improved protein purification. When used with the elastin-like-polypeptide (ELP) precipitation tag, the novel mutants - ΔI-12 and ΔI-29 resulted in significantly higher precursor content, product purity and process yield compared to the original Mtu RecA ΔI-CM mini-intein. Product purities ranging from 68 % to 94 % were obtained in a single step for three model proteins - green fluorescent protein (GFP), maltose binding protein (MBP) and beta-galactosidase (beta-gal). Further, high cleaving efficiency was achieved after 5 h under most conditions. Overall, we have developed improved self-cleaving precipitation tags which can be used for purifying a wide range of proteins cheaply at laboratory scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Yuan
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sai Vivek Prabhala
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Michael J Coolbaugh
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Samuel D Stimple
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David W Wood
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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2
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Lyu YD, Chen PT. Development of a Chitin-Based Purification System Utilizing Chitin-Binding Domain and Tobacco Etch Virus Protease Cleavage for Efficient Recombinant Protein Recovery. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:22229-22236. [PMID: 39340448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c07832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to develop an efficient chitin-based purification system, leveraging a novel design where the target proteins, superfolding green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) and Thermus antranikianii trehalose synthase (TaTS), fused with a chitin-binding domain (ChBD) from Bacillus circulans WL-12 chitinase A1 and a tobacco etch virus protease (TEVp) cleavage site. This configuration allows for the effective immobilization of the target proteins on chitin beads, facilitating the removal of endogenous proteins. A mutant TEVp, H-TEVS219V-ChBD, fused with the His-tag and ChBD, is employed to cleave the target proteins from the chitin beads specifically. Subsequently, fresh chitin beads are added for adsorption to remove H-TEVS219V-ChBD in the solution, thereby significantly improving the purity of the target protein. Our results confirm that this system can efficiently and specifically purify and recover sfGFP and TaTS, achieving electrophoretic-grade purity exceeding 90%. This system holds significant potential for industrial production and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Dong Lyu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710, Taiwan
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3
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Zhang Y, Guo Y, Song L, Liu W, Nian R, Fan X. Streamlined on-column refolding and purification of nanobodies from inclusion bodies expressed as fusion proteins. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1246:124279. [PMID: 39186888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces an efficient on-column refolding and purification method for preparing nanobodies (Nbs) expressed as inclusion bodies and fusion proteins. The HisTrapTM FF system was successfully employed for the purification of the fusion protein FN1-ΔI-CM-2D5. The intein ΔI-CM cleavage activity was activated at 42 °C, followed by incubation for 4 h. Leveraging the remarkable thermal stability of Nbs, 2D5 was further purified through heat treatment at 80 °C for 1h. This method yielded up to 107.2 mg of pure 2D5 with a purity of 99.2 % from just 1L of bacterial culture grown in a shaker flask. Furthermore, this approach successfully restored native secondary structure and affinity of 2D5. Additionally, the platform was effectively applied to the refolding and purification of a polystyrene-binding nanobody (B2), which exhibited limited expression in the periplasmic and cytoplasmic spaces of E. coli. This endeavor resulted in the isolation of 53.2 mg of pure B2 Nb with a purity exceeding 99.5 % from the same volume of bacterial culture. Significantly, this approach restored the native secondary structure of the Nbs, highlighting its potential for addressing challenges associated with expressing complex Nbs in E. coli. Overall, this innovative platform provides a scientifically rigorous and reproducible method for the efficient preparation of Nbs, offering a valuable tool for antibody research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Wenshuai Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Rui Nian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiying Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, No. 189, Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China.
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4
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Ortjohann M, Leippe M. Characterization of NK-lysin A, a potent antimicrobial peptide from the zebrafish Danio rerio. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 162:105266. [PMID: 39303911 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important players of the innate immune system with a major role in the defense against invading pathogens. AMPs belonging to the family of saposin-like proteins (SAPLIPs) include the porcine NK-lysin and the human granulysin. In the zebrafish Danio rerio, transcript analyses of NK-lysin encoding genes have been reported, but biochemical characterizations at the protein level are missing so far. Here, we present the recombinant expression, purification, and characterization of one of these homologs, namely of NK-lysin A (DaNKlA). To remove the affinity tag from DaNKlA, we made use of a self-splicing intein. Recombinant DaNKlA depolarized liposomes over a broad pH range and showed a preference for negatively charged lipids. DaNKlA inhibited the growth of and killed different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including the fish pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum, by membrane permeabilization but displayed substantially lower activity against yeast cells. Structural modelling and bioinformatic comparison of DaNKlA with characterized SAPLIPs suggest membrane destabilization accompanied by strong electrostatic interactions as the mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Ortjohann
- Comparative Immunobiology, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, D-24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Leippe
- Comparative Immunobiology, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, D-24118, Kiel, Germany.
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5
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Anastassov S, Filo M, Khammash M. Inteins: A Swiss army knife for synthetic biology. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108349. [PMID: 38552727 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Inteins are proteins found in nature that execute protein splicing. Among them, split inteins stand out for their versatility and adaptability, presenting creative solutions for addressing intricate challenges in various biological applications. Their exquisite attributes, including compactness, reliability, orthogonality, low toxicity, and irreversibility, make them of interest to various fields including synthetic biology, biotechnology and biomedicine. In this review, we delve into the inherent challenges of using inteins, present approaches for overcoming these challenges, and detail their reliable use for specific cellular tasks. We will discuss the use of conditional inteins in areas like cancer therapy, drug screening, patterning, infection treatment, diagnostics and biocontainment. Additionally, we will underscore the potential of inteins in executing basic logical operations with practical implications. We conclude by showcasing their potential in crafting complex genetic circuits for performing computations and feedback control that achieves robust perfect adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Anastassov
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Maurice Filo
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Khammash
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
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6
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Gharios R, Li A, Kopyeva I, Francis RM, DeForest CA. One-Step Purification and N-Terminal Functionalization of Bioactive Proteins via Atypically Split Inteins. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:750-757. [PMID: 38815180 PMCID: PMC11262789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Site-specific installation of non-natural functionality onto proteins has enabled countless applications in biotechnology, chemical biology, and biomaterials science. Though the N-terminus is an attractive derivatization location, prior methodologies targeting this site have suffered from low selectivity, a limited selection of potential chemical modifications, and/or challenges associated with divergent protein purification/modification steps. In this work, we harness the atypically split VidaL intein to simultaneously N-functionalize and purify homogeneous protein populations in a single step. Our method─referred to as VidaL-tagged expression and protein ligation (VEPL)─enables modular and scalable production of N-terminally modified proteins with native bioactivity. Demonstrating its flexibility and ease of use, we employ VEPL to combinatorially install 4 distinct (multi)functional handles (e.g., biotin, alkyne, fluorophores) to the N-terminus of 4 proteins that span three different classes: fluorescent (Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein, mCherry), enzymatic (β-lactamase), and growth factor (epidermal growth factor). Moving forward, we anticipate that VEPL's ability to rapidly generate and isolate N-modified proteins will prove useful across the growing fields of applied chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gharios
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Annabella Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Irina Kopyeva
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Ryan M Francis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Cole A DeForest
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
- Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle ,Washington 98105, United States
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7
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Clifford R, Lindman S, Zhu J, Luo E, Delmar J, Tao Y, Ren K, Lara A, Cayatte C, McTamney P, O'Connor E, Öhman J. Production of native recombinant proteins using a novel split intein affinity technology. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1724:464908. [PMID: 38669943 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Affinity tags are frequently engineered into recombinant proteins to facilitate purification. Although this technique is powerful, removal of the tag is desired because the tag can interfere with biological activity and can potentially increase the immunogenicity of therapeutic proteins. Tag removal is complex, as it requires adding expensive protease enzymes. To overcome this limitation, split intein based affinity purification systems have been developed in which a CC-intein tag is engineered into a protein of interest for binding to a NC-intein peptide ligand fixed to a chromatographic support. Tag removal in these systems is achieved by creating an active intein-complex during protein capture, which triggers a precise self-cleavage reaction. In this work, we show applications of a new split intein system, Cytiva™ ProteinSelect™. One advantage of the new system is that the NC-intein ligand can be robustly produced and conjugated to large volumes of resin for production of gram scale proteins. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain and a Bispecific T Cell Engager in this work were successfully captured on the affinity resin and scaled 10-fold. Another advantage of this system is the ability to sanitize the resin with sodium hydroxide without loosing the 10-20 g/L binding capacity. Binding studies with IL-1b and IFNAR-1 ECD showed that the resin can be regenerated and sanitized for up to 50 cycles without loosing binding capacity. Additionally, after several cycles of sanitization, binding capacity was retained for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain and a Bispecific T Cell Engager. As with other split intein systems, optimization was needed to achieve ideal expression and recovery. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein of interest required engineering to enable the cleavage reaction. Additionally, ensuring the stability of the CC-intein tag was important to prevent premature cleavage or truncation. Controlling the hold time of the expression product and the prevention of protease activity prior to purification was needed. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the Cytiva™ ProteinSelect™ system to be used in academic and industrial research and development laboratories for the purification of novel proteins expressed in either bacterial or mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Clifford
- Purification Process Sciences, Process and Analytical Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | - Jie Zhu
- Cell Culture & Fermentation Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Ethan Luo
- Cell Culture & Fermentation Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Jared Delmar
- Physicochemical Development, Process and Analytical Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Yeqing Tao
- Physicochemical Development, Process and Analytical Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Kuishu Ren
- Virology and Targeted Therapeutics, Virology and Vaccine Discovery, Vaccines & Immune Therapies Unit, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Abigail Lara
- Immune Engagers, Early ICC Discovery, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Corinne Cayatte
- Immune Engagers, Early ICC Discovery, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Patrick McTamney
- Virology and Targeted Therapeutics, Virology and Vaccine Discovery, Vaccines & Immune Therapies Unit, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Ellen O'Connor
- Purification Process Sciences, Process and Analytical Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca LLC, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | - Johan Öhman
- Cytiva, Björkgatan 30, Uppsala, 753 23, Sweden
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8
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Prabhala SV, Wood DW. Scalable dual column cation exchange affinity chromatography based platform process for recombinant protein purification. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 217:106442. [PMID: 38336119 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
A novel tandem affinity tag is presented that enables the use of cation exchange resins for initial affinity purification, followed by an additional column step for enhanced purity and affinity tag self-removal. In this method, the highly charged heparin-binding tag binds strongly and selectively to either a strong or weak cation exchange resin based on electrostatic interactions, effectively acting as an initial affinity tag. Combining the heparin-binding tag (HB-tag) with the self-removing iCapTag™ provides a means for removing both tags in a subsequent self-cleaving step. The result is a convenient platform for the purification of diverse tagless proteins with a range of isoelectric points and molecular weights. In this work, we demonstrate a dual column process in which the tagged protein of interest is first captured from an E. coli cell lysate using a cation exchange column via a fused heparin-binding affinity tag. The partially purified protein is then diluted and loaded onto an iCapTag™ split-intein column, washed, and then incubated overnight to release the tagless target protein from the bound tag. Case studies are provided for enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), beta galactosidase (βgal), maltose binding protein (MBP) and beta lactamase (βlac), where overall purity and host cell DNA clearance is provided. Overall, the proposed dual column process is shown to be a scalable platform technology capable of accessing both the high dynamic binding capacity of ion exchange resins and the high selectivity of affinity tags for the purification of recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Vivek Prabhala
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 460C CBEC Building, 151 W. Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - David W Wood
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 460C CBEC Building, 151 W. Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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9
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Ivanova A, Badertscher L, O'Driscoll G, Bergman J, Gordon E, Gunnarsson A, Johansson C, Munson MJ, Spinelli C, Torstensson S, Vilén L, Voirel A, Wiseman J, Rak J, Dekker N, Lázaro‐Ibáñez E. Creating Designer Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for Diverse Ligand Display, Target Recognition, and Controlled Protein Loading and Delivery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304389. [PMID: 37867228 PMCID: PMC10700174 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents remains a bottleneck in modern medicine. Here, biochemical engineering approaches to advance the repurposing of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as drug delivery vehicles are explored. Targeting ligands such as the sugar GalNAc are displayed on the surface of EVs using a HaloTag-fused to a protein anchor that is enriched on engineered EVs. These EVs are successfully targeted to human primary hepatocytes. In addition, the authors are able to decorate EVs with an antibody that recognizes a GLP1 cell surface receptor by using an Fc and Fab region binding moiety fused to an anchor protein, and they show that this improves EV targeting to cells that overexpress the receptor. The authors also use two different protein-engineering approaches to improve the loading of Cre recombinase into the EV lumen and demonstrate that functional Cre protein is delivered into cells in the presence of chloroquine, an endosomal escape enhancer. Lastly, engineered EVs are well tolerated upon intravenous injection into mice without detectable signs of liver toxicity. Collectively, the data show that EVs can be engineered to improve cargo loading and specific cell targeting, which will aid their transformation into tailored drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Ivanova
- Discovery BiologyDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Lukas Badertscher
- Translational GenomicsDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
- Present address:
Myllia Biotechnology GmbHAm Kanal 27Vienna1110Austria
| | - Gwen O'Driscoll
- Discovery BiologyDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
- Advanced Drug DeliveryPharmaceutical SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
- Present address:
Division of Radiotherapy and ImagingThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Joakim Bergman
- Medicinal ChemistryResearch and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and MetabolismBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Euan Gordon
- Discovery BiologyDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Anders Gunnarsson
- Structure and BiophysicsDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Camilla Johansson
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety SciencesSweden Imaging HubBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Michael J. Munson
- Advanced Drug DeliveryPharmaceutical SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Cristiana Spinelli
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreGlen SiteMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecH4A 3J1Canada
| | - Sara Torstensson
- Translational GenomicsDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Liisa Vilén
- DMPKResearch and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and MetabolismBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Andrei Voirel
- Medicinal ChemistryResearch and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and MetabolismBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - John Wiseman
- Translational GenomicsDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Janusz Rak
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreGlen SiteMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecH4A 3J1Canada
| | - Niek Dekker
- Discovery BiologyDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
| | - Elisa Lázaro‐Ibáñez
- Discovery BiologyDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
- Advanced Drug DeliveryPharmaceutical SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaPepparedsleden 1Mölndal431 50Sweden
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10
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Wood DW, Belfort M, Lennon CW. Inteins-mechanism of protein splicing, emerging regulatory roles, and applications in protein engineering. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1305848. [PMID: 38029209 PMCID: PMC10663303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1305848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein splicing is a posttranslational process in which an intein segment excises itself from two flanking peptides, referred to as exteins. In the native context, protein splicing results in two separate protein products coupled to the activation of the intein-containing host protein. Inteins are generally described as either full-length inteins, mini-inteins or split inteins, which are differentiated by their genetic structure and features. Inteins can also be divided into three classes based on their splicing mechanisms, which differ in the location of conserved residues that mediate the splicing pathway. Although inteins were once thought to be selfish genetic elements, recent evidence suggests that inteins may confer a genetic advantage to their host cells through posttranslational regulation of their host proteins. Finally, the ability of modified inteins to splice and cleave their fused exteins has enabled many new applications in protein science and synthetic biology. In this review, we briefly cover the mechanisms of protein splicing, evidence for some inteins as environmental sensors, and intein-based applications in protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Wood
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Marlene Belfort
- Department of Biological Sciences and RNA Institute, University at Albany, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Christopher W. Lennon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY, United States
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11
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Prabhala SV, Mayone SA, Moody NM, Kanu CB, Wood DW. A Convenient Self-Removing Affinity Tag Method for the Simple Purification of Tagless Recombinant Proteins. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e901. [PMID: 37882966 PMCID: PMC10605964 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we describe a novel self-cleaving affinity tag technology based on a highly modified split-intein cleaving element. In this system, which has recently been commercialized by Protein Capture Science, LLC under the name iCapTagTM , the N-terminal segment of an engineered split intein is covalently immobilized onto a capture resin, while the smaller C-terminal intein segment is fused to the N-terminus of the desired target protein. The tagged target can then be expressed in an appropriate expression system, without concern for premature intein cleaving. During the purification, strong binding between the intein segments effectively captures the tagged target onto the capture resin while simultaneously generating a cleaving-competent intein complex. After unwanted impurities are washed from the resin, cleavage of the target protein is initiated by a shift of the buffer pH from 8.5 to 6.2. As a result, the highly purified tagless target protein is released from the column in the elution step. Alternately, the resin beads can be added directly to cell culture broth or lysate, allowing capture, purification and cleavage of the tagless target protein using a column-free format. These methods result in highly pure tagless target protein in a single step, and can thereby accelerate characterization and functional studies. In this work we demonstrate the single step purification of streptokinase, a fibrinolytic agent, and an engineered recombinant human hemoglobin 1.1 (rHb1.1). © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Expression of high-titer protein tagged with the Nostoc punctiforme (Npu) DnaE split-intein on the N-terminus Basic Protocol 2: Purification of high-titer protein using the Nostoc punctiforme (Npu) DnaE split-intein purification platform Alternate Protocol 1: Expression of low-titer protein tagged with the Nostoc punctiforme (Npu) DnaE split-intein on the N-terminus Alternate Protocol 2: Purification of low-titer protein using the Nostoc punctiforme (Npu) DnaE split-intein purification platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Vivek Prabhala
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sophia A Mayone
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nathan M Moody
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chidinma B Kanu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - David W Wood
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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