1
|
Zhou L, Ran Q, Yi R, Tang H, Zhang Y, Yu T. Glutamatergic Neurons of Piriform Cortex Delay Induction of Inhalational General Anesthesia. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
2
|
Bonfanti L, Seki T. The PSA-NCAM-Positive "Immature" Neurons: An Old Discovery Providing New Vistas on Brain Structural Plasticity. Cells 2021; 10:2542. [PMID: 34685522 PMCID: PMC8534119 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on brain plasticity have undertaken different roads, tackling a wide range of biological processes: from small synaptic changes affecting the contacts among neurons at the very tip of their processes, to birth, differentiation, and integration of new neurons (adult neurogenesis). Stem cell-driven adult neurogenesis is an exception in the substantially static mammalian brain, yet, it has dominated the research in neurodevelopmental biology during the last thirty years. Studies of comparative neuroplasticity have revealed that neurogenic processes are reduced in large-brained mammals, including humans. On the other hand, large-brained mammals, with respect to rodents, host large populations of special "immature" neurons that are generated prenatally but express immature markers in adulthood. The history of these "immature" neurons started from studies on adhesion molecules carried out at the beginning of the nineties. The identity of these neurons as "stand by" cells "frozen" in a state of immaturity remained un-detected for long time, because of their ill-defined features and because clouded by research ef-forts focused on adult neurogenesis. In this review article, the history of these cells will be reconstructed, and a series of nuances and confounding factors that have hindered the distinction between newly generated and "immature" neurons will be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bonfanti
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), 10043 Orbassano, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Tatsunori Seki
- Department of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Life Structure, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cell Proliferation in the Piriform Cortex of Rats with Motor Cortex Ablation Treated with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115440. [PMID: 34064044 PMCID: PMC8196768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury represents one of the main health problems in developed countries. Growth hormone (GH) and rehabilitation have been claimed to significantly contribute to the recovery of lost motor function after acquired brain injury, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are not well understood. In this work, we have investigated cell proliferation in the piriform cortex (PC) of adult rats with ablation of the frontal motor cortex treated with GH and rehabilitation, in order to evaluate if this region of the brain, related to the sense of smell, could be involved in benefits of GH treatment. Male rats were either ablated the frontal motor cortex in the dominant hemisphere or sham-operated and treated with GH or vehicle at 35 days post-injury (dpi) for five days. At 36 dpi, all rats received daily injections of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for four days. We assessed motor function through the paw-reaching-for-food task. GH treatment and rehabilitation at 35 dpi significantly improved the motor deficit caused by the injury and promoted an increase of cell proliferation in the PC ipsilateral to the injury, which could be involved in the improvement observed. Cortical ablation promoted a greater number of BrdU+ cells in the piriform cortex that was maintained long-term, which could be involved in the compensatory mechanisms of the brain after injury.
Collapse
|
4
|
Aguilar Martínez N, Aguado Carrillo G, Saucedo Alvarado P, Mendoza García C, Velasco Monroy A, Velasco Campos F. Clinical importance of olfactory function in neurodegenerative diseases. REVISTA MÉDICA DEL HOSPITAL GENERAL DE MÉXICO 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hgmx.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
5
|
Vadodaria KC, Yanpallewar SU, Vadhvani M, Toshniwal D, Liles LC, Rommelfanger KS, Weinshenker D, Vaidya VA. Noradrenergic regulation of plasticity marker expression in the adult rodent piriform cortex. Neurosci Lett 2017; 644:76-82. [PMID: 28237805 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The adult rodent piriform cortex has been reported to harbor immature neurons that express markers associated with neurodevelopment and plasticity, namely polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) and doublecortin (DCX). We characterized the expression of PSA-NCAM and DCX across the rostrocaudal axis of the rat piriform cortex and observed higher numbers of PSA-NCAM and DCX positive cells in the posterior subdivision. As observed in the rat piriform cortex, Nestin-GFP reporter mice also revealed a similar gradient of GFP-positive cells with an increasing rostro-caudal gradient of expression. Given the extensive noradrenergic innervation of the piriform cortex and its role in regulating piriform cortex function and synaptic plasticity, we addressed the influence of norepinephrine (NE) on piriform cortex plasticity marker expression. Depletion of NE by treatment with the noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP-4 significantly increased the number of DCX and PSA-NCAM immunopositive cells in the piriform cortex of adult rats. Similarly, DSP-4 treated Nestin-GFP reporter mice revealed a robust induction of GFP-positive cells within the piriform cortex following NE depletion. Genetic loss of NE in dopamine β-hydroxylase knockout (Dbh -/-) mice phenocopied the effects of DSP-4, with an increase noted in PSA-NCAM and DCX positive cells in the piriform cortex. Further, chronic α2-adrenergic receptor stimulation with the agonist guanabenz increased PSA-NCAM and DCX positive cells in the piriform cortex of adult rats and GFP-positive cells in the piriform cortex of Nestin-GFP mice. By contrast, chronic α2-adrenergic receptor blockade with the antagonist yohimbine reduced PSA-NCAM and DCX positive cells in the piriform cortex of adult rats. Our results provide novel evidence for a role of NE in regulating the expression of plasticity markers, including PSA-NCAM, DCX, and nestin, within the adult mouse and rat piriform cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna C Vadodaria
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India, India
| | - Sudhirkumar U Yanpallewar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India, India
| | - Mayur Vadhvani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India, India
| | - Devyani Toshniwal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India, India
| | - L Cameron Liles
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA, USA
| | - Karen S Rommelfanger
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA, USA
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA, USA
| | - Vidita A Vaidya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yuan TF, Gu S, Shan C, Marchado S, Arias-Carrión O. Oxidative Stress and Adult Neurogenesis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 11:706-9. [PMID: 26100529 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-015-9603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing evidence that adult neurogenesis is critical for brain function. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) is accumulated during adult neurogenesis as a physiological mechanism; while ROS overload impairs adult neurogenesis during ageing, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Here we propose that targeting oxidative stress provides a novel way to regulate adult neurogenesis and manage different brain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Fei Yuan
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leuner B, Sabihi S. The birth of new neurons in the maternal brain: Hormonal regulation and functional implications. Front Neuroendocrinol 2016; 41:99-113. [PMID: 26969795 PMCID: PMC4942360 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The maternal brain is remarkably plastic and exhibits multifaceted neural modifications. Neurogenesis has emerged as one of the mechanisms by which the maternal brain exhibits plasticity. This review highlights what is currently known about peripartum-associated changes in adult neurogenesis and the underlying hormonal mechanisms. We also consider the functional consequences of neurogenesis in the peripartum brain and extent to which this process may play a role in maternal care, cognitive function and postpartum mood. Finally, while most work investigating the effects of parenting on adult neurogenesis has focused on mothers, a few studies have examined fathers and these results are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Leuner
- The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University, Department of Neuroscience, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University, Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Sara Sabihi
- The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yuan TF, Liang YX, So KF. Response: New neurons from old beliefs in the adult piriform cortex? A Commentary on: "Occurrence of new neurons in the piriform cortex". Front Neuroanat 2015; 9:79. [PMID: 26106305 PMCID: PMC4460532 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2015.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Fei Yuan
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University Guangzhou, China ; Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nacher J, Bonfanti L. New neurons from old beliefs in the adult piriform cortex? A Commentary on: "Occurrence of new neurons in the piriform cortex". Front Neuroanat 2015; 9:62. [PMID: 26052272 PMCID: PMC4440910 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2015.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Nacher
- Neurobiology Unit and Program in Basic and Applied Neurosciences, Cell Biology Department, Universitat de València Valencia, Spain ; CIBERSAM: Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health Spain ; Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA Valencia, Spain
| | - Luca Bonfanti
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi Orbassano, Italy ; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|