1
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Shafique A, Brughera M, Lualdi M, Alberio T. The Role of Rab Proteins in Mitophagy: Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076268. [PMID: 37047239 PMCID: PMC10094445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and vesicular trafficking alterations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. It has become clear that pathogenetic pathways leading to neurodegeneration are often interconnected. Indeed, growing evidence suggests a concerted contribution of impaired mitophagy and vesicles formation in the dysregulation of neuronal homeostasis, contributing to neuronal cell death. Among the molecular factors involved in the trafficking of vesicles, Ras analog in brain (Rab) proteins seem to play a central role in mitochondrial quality checking and disposal through both canonical PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and novel alternative pathways. In turn, the lack of proper elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria has emerged as a possible causative/early event in some neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we provide an overview of major findings in recent years highlighting the role of Rab proteins in dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, which are characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. A further effort should be made in the coming years to clarify the sequential order of events and the molecular factors involved in the different processes. A clear cause–effect view of the pathogenetic pathways may help in understanding the molecular basis of neurodegeneration.
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2
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Domingo G, Vannini C, Bracale M, Bonfante P. Proteomics as a tool to decipher plant responses in arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions: a meta-analysis. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200108. [PMID: 36571480 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial symbiosis between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi leads to a deep reprogramming of plant metabolism, involving the regulation of several molecular mechanisms, many of which are poorly characterized. In this regard, proteomics is a powerful tool to explore changes related to plant-microbe interactions. This study provides a comprehensive proteomic meta-analysis conducted on AM-modulated proteins at local (roots) and systemic (shoots/leaves) level. The analysis was implemented by an in-depth study of root membrane-associated proteins and by a comparison with a transcriptome meta-analysis. A total of 4262 differentially abundant proteins were retrieved and, to identify the most relevant AM-regulated processes, a range of bioinformatic studies were conducted, including functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analysis. In addition to several protein transporters which are present in higher amounts in AM plants, and which are expected due to the well-known enhancement of AM-induced mineral uptake, our analysis revealed some novel traits. We detected a massive systemic reprogramming of translation with a central role played by the ribosomal translational apparatus. On one hand, these new protein-synthesis efforts well support the root cellular re-organization required by the fungal penetration, and on the other they have a systemic impact on primary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Domingo
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Candida Vannini
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marcella Bracale
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Bonfante
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
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3
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Fasano M, Alberio T. Neurodegenerative disorders: From clinicopathology convergence to systems biology divergence. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 192:73-86. [PMID: 36796949 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-85538-9.00007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial. This means that several genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors contribute to their emergence. Therefore, for the future management of these highly prevalent diseases, it is necessary to change perspective. If a holistic viewpoint is assumed, the phenotype (the clinicopathological convergence) emerges from the perturbation of a complex system of functional interactions among proteins (systems biology divergence). The systems biology top-down approach starts with the unbiased collection of sets of data generated through one or more -omics techniques and has the aim to identify the networks and the components that participate in the generation of a phenotype (disease), often without any available a priori knowledge. The principle behind the top-down method is that the molecular components that respond similarly to experimental perturbations are somehow functionally related. This allows the study of complex and relatively poorly characterized diseases without requiring extensive knowledge of the processes under investigation. In this chapter, the use of a global approach will be applied to the comprehension of neurodegeneration, with a particular focus on the two most prevalent ones, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The final purpose is to distinguish disease subtypes (even with similar clinical manifestations) to launch a future of precision medicine for patients with these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Fasano
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio and Como, Italy; Center of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio and Como, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Alberio
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio and Como, Italy; Center of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio and Como, Italy
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4
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Cheng C, Gao Y, Gai C, Feng W, Yang L, Ma H, Feng J, Guo Z, Zhang J, Zhang S, Sun H. Mechanism of mitochondrial protection by Buyinqianzheng formula in a Parkin overexpression cell model. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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5
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Yamamoto H, Fukui N, Adachi M, Saiki E, Yamasaki A, Matsumura R, Kuroyanagi D, Hongo K, Mizobata T, Kawata Y. Human Molecular Chaperone Hsp60 and Its Apical Domain Suppress Amyloid Fibril Formation of α-Synuclein. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010047. [PMID: 31861692 PMCID: PMC6982183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins play roles in assisting other proteins to fold correctly and in preventing the aggregation and accumulation of proteins in misfolded conformations. However, the process of aging significantly degrades this ability to maintain protein homeostasis. Consequently, proteins with incorrect conformations are prone to aggregate and accumulate in cells, and this aberrant aggregation of misfolded proteins may trigger various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. Here, we investigated the possibilities of suppressing α-synuclein aggregation by using a mutant form of human chaperonin Hsp60, and a derivative of the isolated apical domain of Hsp60 (Hsp60 AD(Cys)). In vitro measurements were used to detect the effects of chaperonin on amyloid fibril formation, and interactions between Hsp60 proteins and α-synuclein were probed by quartz crystal microbalance analysis. The ability of Hsp60 AD(Cys) to suppress α-synuclein intracellular aggregation and cytotoxicity was also demonstrated. We show that Hsp60 mutant and Hsp60 AD(Cys) both effectively suppress α-synuclein amyloid fibril formation, and also demonstrate for the first time the ability of Hsp60 AD(Cys) to function as a mini-chaperone inside cells. These results highlight the possibility of using Hsp60 AD as a method of prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.F.); (D.K.); (K.H.)
| | - Naoya Fukui
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.F.); (D.K.); (K.H.)
| | - Mayuka Adachi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (M.A.); (A.Y.); (R.M.)
| | - Eiichi Saiki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan;
| | - Anna Yamasaki
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (M.A.); (A.Y.); (R.M.)
| | - Rio Matsumura
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (M.A.); (A.Y.); (R.M.)
| | - Daichi Kuroyanagi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.F.); (D.K.); (K.H.)
| | - Kunihiro Hongo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.F.); (D.K.); (K.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (M.A.); (A.Y.); (R.M.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan;
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Koyama-Minami, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Mizobata
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.F.); (D.K.); (K.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (M.A.); (A.Y.); (R.M.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan;
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Koyama-Minami, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawata
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.F.); (D.K.); (K.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; (M.A.); (A.Y.); (R.M.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan;
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Koyama-Minami, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-857-31-5787
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Li S, Nie K, Zhang Q, Guo M, Qiu Y, Li Y, Gao Y, Wang L. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Mediates Neuroprotective Effects by Regulating Inflammation, Apoptosis and Autophagy in Parkinson's Disease. Neuroscience 2019; 416:50-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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7
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Zilocchi M, Fasano M, Alberio T. Mitochondrial Proteins in the Development of Parkinson’s Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1158:17-44. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8367-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Proteomics turns functional. J Proteomics 2019; 198:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Huang J, Ren Y, Xu Y, Chen T, Xia TC, Li Z, Zhao J, Hua F, Sheng S, Xia Y. The delta-opioid receptor and Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:1089-1099. [PMID: 30076686 PMCID: PMC6489828 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common degenerative neurological disease leading to a series of familial, medical, and social problems. Although it is known that the major characteristics of PD pathophysiology are the dysfunction of basal ganglia due to injury/loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic and exhaustion of corpus striatum dopamine, therapeutic modalities for PD are limited in clinical settings up to date. It is of utmost importance to better understand PD pathophysiology and explore new solutions for this serious neurodegenerative disorder. Our recent work and those of others suggest that the delta-opioid receptor (DOR) is neuroprotective and serves an antiparkinsonism role in the brain. This review summarizes recent progress in this field and explores potential mechanisms for DOR-mediated antiparkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Zhong Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yi Ren
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yuan Xu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Tao Chen
- Hainan General HospitalHaikouHainanChina
| | | | - Zhuo‐Ri Li
- Hainan General HospitalHaikouHainanChina
| | | | - Fei Hua
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Shi‐Ying Sheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Ying Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint FunctionFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Aeronautics and AstronauticsFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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10
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Monti C, Lane L, Fasano M, Alberio T. Update of the Functional Mitochondrial Human Proteome Network. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:4297-4306. [PMID: 30230342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Because of the pivotal role of mitochondrial alterations in several diseases, the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) has promoted in recent years an initiative to characterize the mitochondrial human proteome, the mitochondrial human proteome project (mt-HPP). Here we generated an updated version of the functional mitochondrial human proteome network, made by nodes (mitochondrial proteins) and edges (gold binary interactions), using data retrieved from neXtProt, the reference database for HPP metrics. The principal new concept suggested was the consideration of mitochondria-associated proteins (first interactors), which may influence mitochondrial functions. All of the proteins described as mitochondrial in the sublocation or the GO Cellular Component sections of neXtProt were considered. Their other subcellular and submitochondrial localizations have been analyzed. The network represents the effort to collect all of the high-quality binary interactions described so far for mitochondrial proteins and the possibility for the community to reuse the information collected. As a proof of principle, we mapped proteins with no function, to speculate on their role by the background knowledge of their interactors, and proteins described to be involved in Parkinson's Disease, a neurodegenerative disorder, where it is known that mitochondria play a central role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Monti
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center of Bioinformatics , University of Insubria , Busto Arsizio 21052 , Italy
| | - Lydie Lane
- Computer and Laboratory Investigation of Proteins of Human Origin (CALIPHO), SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU) , 1211 Geneva 4 , Switzerland
| | - Mauro Fasano
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center of Bioinformatics , University of Insubria , Busto Arsizio 21052 , Italy
| | - Tiziana Alberio
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center of Bioinformatics , University of Insubria , Busto Arsizio 21052 , Italy
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11
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Wang J, Li Y, Gao L, Yan F, Gao G, Li L. GSK-3β Inhibitor Alsterpaullone Attenuates MPP +-Induced Cell Damage in a c-Myc-Dependent Manner in SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:283. [PMID: 30233322 PMCID: PMC6127625 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays significant roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The inactivation of c-Myc, a down-stream gene of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, may contribute to the mitochondria dysfunction. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) with Alsterpaullone (Als) can activate the down-stream events of Wnt signaling. Here, we investigated the protective roles of Als against MPP+-induced cell apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. The data showed that Als effectively rescued c-Myc from the MPP+-induced decline via Wnt signaling. Furthermore, Als protected SH-SY5Y cells from the MPP+-induced mitochondrial fission and cell apoptosis. However, the protective roles of Als were lost under β-catenin-deficient conditions. These findings indicate that Als, a GSK-3β inhibitor, attenuated the MPP+-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptotic via up-regulation of the Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuqian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fengqi Yan
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guodong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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12
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Özcan E, Çakır T. Genome-Scale Brain Metabolic Networks as Scaffolds for the Systems Biology of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mapping Metabolic Alterations. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 21:195-217. [PMID: 30334223 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-94593-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Systems-based investigation of diseases requires integrated analysis of cellular networks and high-throughput data of gene products. The use of genome-scale metabolic networks for such integration has led to the elucidation of cellular mechanisms for several cell types from microorganisms to plants. It has become easier and cheaper to generate high-throughput data over years in the form of transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. This has tremendously improved the quality and quantity of information extracted from such data enabling the documentation of active pathways and reactions in cell metabolism. A number of omics-based datasets for several neurodegenerative diseases are now available in public repositories. This increases the potential of using genome-scale brain metabolic networks as a scaffold for this type of data to map metabolic alterations for the purpose of elucidating disease mechanisms and for the diagnosis and treatment of such disorders. This chapter first reviews omics data collected for neurodegenerative diseases to map their effect on metabolism. Later, the potential for genome-scale metabolic modeling of such data is reviewed and discussed in light of recently reconstructed brain metabolic networks at genome-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Özcan
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tunahan Çakır
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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13
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Zheng Q, Huang C, Guo J, Tan J, Wang C, Tang B, Zhang H. Hsp70 participates in PINK1-mediated mitophagy by regulating the stability of PINK1. Neurosci Lett 2018; 662:264-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Xin JL, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang LZ, Lin Y, Zheng LW. Protective effects of Cervus nippon Temminck velvet antler polypeptides against MPP+‑induced cytotoxicity in SH‑SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5143-5150. [PMID: 28849030 PMCID: PMC5647048 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the protective effects and mechanism of sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck) velvet antler polypeptides (VAPs) against MPP+ exposure in the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line. MPP+ cytotoxicity and the protective effects of VAPs on the SH-SY5Y cells were determined using an MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected using Hoechst 33342 and Rhodamine123 staining, respectively. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the SH-SY5Y cells was detected using 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescent probes. The expression levels of proteins, including caspase-12, glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) were detected using western blot analysis. The results showed that the half inhibitory concentration of MPP+ at 72 h was 120.9 µmol/l, and that 62.5, 125, and 250 µg/ml concentrations of VAPs protected the SH-SY5Y cells under MPP+ exposure. When exposed to 120.9 µmol/l MPP+, changes in cell nucleus morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ROS were observed. VAPs at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250 µg/ml reduced this damage. Western blot analysis showed that protein expression levels of caspase-12, GRP78 and p-JNK were upregulated in the SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 120.9 µmol/l MPP+ for 72 h. In addition, 62.5, 125, and 250 µg/ml VAPs downregulated the expression levels of caspase-12 and p-JNK in a concentration- dependent manner, particularly the p-JNK pathway. The effects of VAPs on GRP78 and CHOP were weak. In conclusion, MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell death may be linked to ER stress. VAPs prevented MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell death by affecting the p-JNK pathway and caspase-12-mediated apoptosis. These findings assist in understanding the mechanism underlying the protective effect of VAPs on neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Le Xin
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Zhu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Neurology, Changchun Central Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130051, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Wen Zheng
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
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15
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Monti C, Colugnat I, Lopiano L, Chiò A, Alberio T. Network Analysis Identifies Disease-Specific Pathways for Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 55:370-381. [PMID: 28004338 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of specific neurons in selected regions of the central nervous system. The main clinical manifestation (movement disorders, cognitive impairment, and/or psychiatric disturbances) depends on the neuron population being primarily affected. Parkinson's disease is a common movement disorder, whose etiology remains mostly unknown. Progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra causes an impairment of the motor control. Some of the pathogenetic mechanisms causing the progressive deterioration of these neurons are not specific for Parkinson's disease but are shared by other neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of the literature of all the quantitative proteomic investigations of neuronal alterations in different models of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to distinguish between general and Parkinson's disease-specific pattern of neurodegeneration. Then, we merged proteomics data with genetics information from the DisGeNET database. The comparison of gene and protein information allowed us to identify 25 proteins involved uniquely in Parkinson's disease and we verified the alteration of one of them, i.e., transaldolase 1 (TALDO1), in the substantia nigra of 5 patients. By using open-source bioinformatics tools, we identified the biological processes specifically affected in Parkinson's disease, i.e., proteolysis, mitochondrion organization, and mitophagy. Eventually, we highlighted four cellular component complexes mostly involved in the pathogenesis: the proteasome complex, the protein phosphatase 2A, the chaperonins CCT complex, and the complex III of the respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Monti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Manara,7, I-21052, Busto Arsizio, VA, Italy.,Center of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Ilaria Colugnat
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Manara,7, I-21052, Busto Arsizio, VA, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lopiano
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Alberio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Manara,7, I-21052, Busto Arsizio, VA, Italy. .,Center of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio, Italy.
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16
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Fasano M, Monti C, Alberio T. A systems biology-led insight into the role of the proteome in neurodegenerative diseases. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:845-55. [PMID: 27477319 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1219254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multifactorial disorders are the result of nonlinear interactions of several factors; therefore, a reductionist approach does not appear to be appropriate. Proteomics is a global approach that can be efficiently used to investigate pathogenetic mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases. AREAS COVERED Here, we report a general introduction about the systems biology approach and mechanistic insights recently obtained by over-representation analysis of proteomics data of cellular and animal models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, as well as of affected human tissues. Expert commentary: As an inductive method, proteomics is based on unbiased observations that further require validation of generated hypotheses. Pathway databases and over-representation analysis tools allow researchers to assign an expectation value to pathogenetic mechanisms linked to neurodegenerative diseases. The systems biology approach based on omics data may be the key to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Fasano
- a Department of Science and High Technology and Center of Neuroscience , University of Insubria , Busto Arsizio , Italy
| | - Chiara Monti
- a Department of Science and High Technology and Center of Neuroscience , University of Insubria , Busto Arsizio , Italy
| | - Tiziana Alberio
- a Department of Science and High Technology and Center of Neuroscience , University of Insubria , Busto Arsizio , Italy
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Xu Y, Zhi F, Shao N, Wang R, Yang Y, Xia Y. Cytoprotection against Hypoxic and/or MPP⁺ Injury: Effect of δ-Opioid Receptor Activation on Caspase 3. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081179. [PMID: 27517901 PMCID: PMC5000589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological changes of Parkinson's disease (PD) are, at least partially, associated with the dysregulation of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and caspase 3. Since hypoxic and neurotoxic insults are underlying causes of PD, and since δ-opioid receptor (DOR) is neuroprotective against hypoxic/ischemic insults, we sought to determine whether DOR activation could protect the cells from damage induced by hypoxia and/or MPP⁺ by regulating PINK1 and caspase 3 expressions. We exposed PC12 cells to either severe hypoxia (0.5%-1% O₂) for 24-48 h or to MPP⁺ at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 2 mM) and then detected the levels of PINK1 and cleaved caspase 3. Both hypoxia and MPP⁺ reduced cell viability, progressively suppressed the expression of PINK1 and increased the cleaved caspase 3. DOR activation using UFP-512, effectively protected the cells from hypoxia and/or MPP⁺ induced injury, reversed the reduction in PINK1 protein and significantly attenuated the increase in the cleaved caspase 3. On the other hand, the application of DOR antagonist, naltrindole, greatly decreased cell viability and increased cleaved caspase 3. These findings suggest that DOR is cytoprotective against both hypoxia and MPP⁺ through the regulation of PINK1 and caspase 3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Modern Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Feng Zhi
- Modern Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Naiyuan Shao
- Modern Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Rong Wang
- Modern Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yilin Yang
- Modern Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Gebicke-Haerter PJ. Systems psychopharmacology: A network approach to developing novel therapies. World J Psychiatry 2016; 6:66-83. [PMID: 27014599 PMCID: PMC4804269 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v6.i1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifactorial origin of most chronic disorders of the brain, including schizophrenia, has been well accepted. Consequently, pharmacotherapy would require multi-targeted strategies. This contrasts to the majority of drug therapies used until now, addressing more or less specifically only one target molecule. Nevertheless, quite some searches for multiple molecular targets specific for mental disorders have been undertaken. For example, genome-wide association studies have been conducted to discover new target genes of disease. Unfortunately, these attempts have not fulfilled the great hopes they have started with. Polypharmacology and network pharmacology approaches of drug treatment endeavor to abandon the one-drug one-target thinking. To this end, most approaches set out to investigate network topologies searching for modules, endowed with "important" nodes, such as "hubs" or "bottlenecks", encompassing features of disease networks, and being useful as tentative targets of drug therapies. This kind of research appears to be very promising. However, blocking or inhibiting "important" targets may easily result in destruction of network integrity. Therefore, it is suggested here to study functions of nodes with lower centrality for more subtle impact on network behavior. Targeting multiple nodes with low impact on network integrity by drugs with multiple activities ("dirty drugs") or by several drugs, simultaneously, avoids to disrupt network integrity and may reset deviant dynamics of disease. Natural products typically display multi target functions and therefore could help to identify useful biological targets. Hence, future efforts should consider to combine drug-target networks with target-disease networks using mathematical (graph theoretical) tools, which could help to develop new therapeutic strategies in long-term psychiatric disorders.
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Lamine-Ajili A, Fahmy AM, Létourneau M, Chatenet D, Labonté P, Vaudry D, Fournier A. Effect of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide on the autophagic activation observed in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:688-695. [PMID: 26769362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to destruction of the midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons. This phenomenon is related to apoptosis and its activation can be blocked by the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP). Growing evidence indicates that autophagy, a self-degradation activity that cleans up the cell, is induced during the course of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of neuronal disorders is yet poorly understood and the potential ability of PACAP to modulate the related autophagic activation has never been significantly investigated. Hence, we explored the putative autophagy-modulating properties of PACAP in in vitro and in vivo models of PD, using the neurotoxic agents 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), respectively, to trigger alterations of DA neurons. In both models, following the toxin exposure, PACAP reduced the autophagic activity as evaluated by the production of LC3 II, the modulation of the p62 protein levels, and the formation of autophagic vacuoles. The ability of PACAP to inhibit autophagy was also observed in an in vitro cell assay by the blocking of the p62-sequestration activity produced with the autophagy inducer rapamycin. Thus, the results demonstrated that autophagy is induced in PD experimental models and that PACAP exhibits not only anti-apoptotic but also anti-autophagic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Lamine-Ajili
- INRS, Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada H7V 1B7; INSERM-U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, IRIB, Université de Rouen, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France; Laboratoire Samuel-de-Champlain, Université de Rouen, France/INRS, Canada
| | - Ahmed M Fahmy
- INRS, Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada H7V 1B7
| | - Myriam Létourneau
- INRS, Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada H7V 1B7; Laboratoire Samuel-de-Champlain, Université de Rouen, France/INRS, Canada
| | - David Chatenet
- INRS, Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada H7V 1B7
| | - Patrick Labonté
- INRS, Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada H7V 1B7
| | - David Vaudry
- INSERM-U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, IRIB, Université de Rouen, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France; Laboratoire Samuel-de-Champlain, Université de Rouen, France/INRS, Canada
| | - Alain Fournier
- INRS, Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada H7V 1B7; Laboratoire Samuel-de-Champlain, Université de Rouen, France/INRS, Canada.
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