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Jeong J, Usman M, Li Y, Zhou XZ, Lu KP. Pin1-Catalyzed Conformation Changes Regulate Protein Ubiquitination and Degradation. Cells 2024; 13:731. [PMID: 38727267 PMCID: PMC11083468 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The unique prolyl isomerase Pin1 binds to and catalyzes cis-trans conformational changes of specific Ser/Thr-Pro motifs after phosphorylation, thereby playing a pivotal role in regulating the structure and function of its protein substrates. In particular, Pin1 activity regulates the affinity of a substrate for E3 ubiquitin ligases, thereby modulating the turnover of a subset of proteins and coordinating their activities after phosphorylation in both physiological and disease states. In this review, we highlight recent advancements in Pin1-regulated ubiquitination in the context of cancer and neurodegenerative disease. Specifically, Pin1 promotes cancer progression by increasing the stabilities of numerous oncoproteins and decreasing the stabilities of many tumor suppressors. Meanwhile, Pin1 plays a critical role in different neurodegenerative disorders via the regulation of protein turnover. Finally, we propose a novel therapeutic approach wherein the ubiquitin-proteasome system can be leveraged for therapy by targeting pathogenic intracellular targets for TRIM21-dependent degradation using stereospecific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Jeong
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Yitong Li
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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Wang G, Li Z, Lin P, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang T, Wang H, Li H, Lin L, Zhao Y, Jia L, Chen Y, Ji H, Zhao W, Fu Z, Zhong Z. Knockdown of Smox protects the integrity of the blood-brain barrier through antioxidant effect and Nrf2 pathway activation in stroke. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111183. [PMID: 37984250 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Once an ischemic stroke occurs, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress degrade the tight connections between cerebral endothelial cells resulting in their damage. The expression of antioxidant genes may be enhanced, and ROS formation may be reduced following Nrf2 activation, which is associated with protection against ischemic stroke. Overexpression of spermine oxidase (Smox) in the neocortex led to increased H2O2 production. However, how Smox impacts the regulation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) through antioxidants has not been examined yet. We conducted experiments both in the cell level and in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model to evaluate the effect of Smox siRNA lentivirus (si-Smox) knockdown on BBB protection against ischemic stroke. Mice treated with si-Smox showed remarkably decreased BBB breakdown and reduced endothelial inflammation following stroke. The treatment with si-Smox significantly elevated the Bcl-2 to Bax ratio and decreased the production of cleaved caspase-3 in the tMCAO model. Further investigation revealed that the neuroprotective effect was the result of the antioxidant properties of si-Smox, which reduced oxidative stress and enhanced CD31+ cells in the peri-infarct cortical areas. Of significance, si-Smox activated Nrf2 in both bEnd.3 cells and tMCAO animals, and blocking Nrf2 with brusatol diminished the protective effects of si-Smox. The study findings suggest that si-Smox exerts neuroprotective effects and promotes angiogenesis by activating the Nrf2 pathway, thus decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis caused by tMCAO. As a result, si-Smox may hold potential as a therapeutic candidate for preserving BBB integrity while treating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtian Wang
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Huishu Zhang
- Teaching Center of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Teaching Center of Morphology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Tongshuai Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Heming Li
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Lexun Lin
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yuehui Zhao
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Hong Ji
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Wenran Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Zhongqiu Fu
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children's Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China.
| | - Zhaohua Zhong
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
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Meng S, Cao H, Huang Y, Shi Z, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen S, Shi H, Gao Y. ASK1-K716R reduces neuroinflammation and white matter injury via preserving blood-brain barrier integrity after traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:244. [PMID: 37875988 PMCID: PMC10594934 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant worldwide public health concern that necessitates attention. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a key player in various central nervous system (CNS) diseases, has garnered interest for its potential neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke and epilepsy when deleted. Nonetheless, the specific impact of ASK1 on TBI and its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Notably, mutation of ATP-binding sites, such as lysine residues, can lead to catalytic inactivation of ASK1. To address these knowledge gaps, we generated transgenic mice harboring a site-specific mutant ASK1 Map3k5-e (K716R), enabling us to assess its effects and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms following TBI. METHODS We employed the CRIPR/Cas9 system to generate a transgenic mouse model carrying the ASK1-K716R mutation, aming to investigate the functional implications of this specific mutant. The controlled cortical impact method was utilized to induce TBI. Expression and distribution of ASK1 were detected through Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. The ASK1 kinase activity after TBI was detected by a specific ASK1 kinase activity kit. Cerebral microvessels were isolated by gradient centrifugation using dextran. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. BBB ultrastructure was visualized using transmission electron microscopy, while the expression levels of endothelial tight junction proteins and ASK1 signaling pathway proteins was detected by Western blotting. To investigate TBI-induced neuroinflammation, we conducted immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry analyses. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining and electrophysiological compound action potentials were conducted to evaluate gray and white matter injury. Finally, sensorimotor function and cognitive function were assessed by a battery of behavioral tests. RESULTS The activity of ASK1-K716R was significantly decreased following TBI. Western blotting confirmed that ASK1-K716R effectively inhibited the phosphorylation of ASK1, JNKs, and p38 in response to TBI. Additionally, ASK1-K716R demonstrated a protective function in maintaining BBB integrity by suppressing ASK1/JNKs activity in endothelial cells, thereby reducing the degradation of tight junction proteins following TBI. Besides, ASK1-K716R effectively suppressed the infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the brain parenchyma, decreased the number of proinflammatory-like microglia/macrophages, increased the number of anti-inflammatory-like microglia/macrophages, and downregulated expression of several proinflammatory factors. Furthermore, ASK1-K716R attenuated white matter injury and improved the nerve conduction function of both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers after TBI. Finally, our findings demonstrated that ASK1-K716R exhibited favorable long-term functional and histological outcomes in the aftermath of TBI. CONCLUSION ASK1-K716R preserves BBB integrity by inhibiting ASK1/JNKs pathway in endothelial cells, consequently reducing the degradation of tight junction proteins. Additionally, it alleviates early neuroinflammation by inhibiting the infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the brain parenchyma and modulating the polarization of microglia/macrophages. These beneficial effects of ASK1-K716R subsequently result in a reduction in white matter injury and promote the long-term recovery of neurological function following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yichen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ziyu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yana Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yanqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Kang JB, Koh PO. Retinoic Acid Has Neuroprotective effects by Modulating Thioredoxin in Ischemic Brain Damage and Glutamate-exposed Neurons. Neuroscience 2023; 521:166-181. [PMID: 37149281 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a neurological disorder that causes pathological changes by increasing oxidative stress. Retinoic acid is one of the metabolites of vitamin A. It regulates oxidative stress and exerts neuroprotective effects. Thioredoxin is a small redox protein with antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether retinoic acid modulates the expression of thioredoxin in ischemic brain injury. Cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery and retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered to adult male rats for four days prior to surgery. MCAO induced neurological deficits and increased oxidative stress and retinoic acid attenuated these changes. Retinoic acid ameliorated the MCAO-induced decrease in thioredoxin expression. MCAO decreases the interaction between thioredoxin and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), and retinoic acid treatment alleviates this decrease. Glutamate (5 mM) exposure induced cell death and decreased thioredoxin expression in cultured neurons. Retinoic acid treatment attenuated these changes in a dose-dependent manner. Retinoic acid prevented the decrease of bcl-2 expression and the increase of bax expression caused by glutamate exposure. Moreover, retinoic acid attenuated the increases in caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and cytochrome c in glutamate-exposed neurons. However, the mitigation effects of retinoic acid were lower in thioredoxin siRNA-transfected neurons than in non-transfected neurons. These results demonstrate that retinoic acid regulates oxidative stress and thioredoxin expression, maintains the interaction between thioredoxin and ASK1, and modulates apoptosis-associated proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that retinoic acid has neuroprotective effects by regulating thioredoxin expression and modulating apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, South Korea.
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Qian W, Li W, Chen X, Cui L, Liu X, Yao J, Wang X, Liu Y, Li C, Wang Y, Wang W. Exploring the mechanism of Xingpi Capsule in diarrhea predominant-irritable bowel syndrome treatment based on multiomics technology. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 111:154653. [PMID: 36641976 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xingpi Capsule (XP), a commercially available over-the-counter herbal medicine in China, plays a prominent role in treating diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Nevertheless, the potential mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate XP efficacy in IBS-D and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS A rat IBS-D model was established by senna decoction gavage combined with restraint stress and swimming exhaustion. The changes in rat body weight and stool were recorded daily. Colon pathological changes and the number of colonic goblet cells of rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Alcian blue plus periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining, respectively. The expression of Occludin, a tight-junction-associated protein, was examined via immunohistochemistry. Images of colonic microvilli were obtained by TEM. Western blotting (WB) was used to analyze the protein expression of the ASK1/P38 MAPK pathway. The composition of the rat intestinal microbiota was detected by 16S rRNA sequencing. Changes in colonic metabolites were evaluated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Changes in colon RNA expression were assessed by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The nontoxic range of hypoxanthine (HPX) was screened by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), the cell model of human colonic epithelial cells (NCM460) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was established, and the effective concentration of HPX was screened by CCK8. After transfection of pcDNA3.1-MAP3K5, Hoechst 33,342 staining, flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis, and immunofluorescence to detect the fluorescence changes of ASK1 and ZO-1. WB detection of ASK1/P38 MAPK pathway protein expression changes. RESULTS XP increased the body weight of IBS-D patients and reduced the loose stool rate, loose stool index, and Bristo score. In addition, XP mitigated colon lesions, increased the number of goblet cells and the expression of Occludin, and prevented severe distortion and effacement of the microvillous structure. Specifically, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that XP decreased the abundance of Desulfurium and Prevotella 9 at the phylum and genus levels while increasing the abundance of Bacteroides at the genus level. RNA-Seq combined with WB validation showed that XP exerted antidiarrheal effects by inhibiting the ASK1/P38 MAPK signaling pathway. Additionally, XP also increased the relative expression level of the metabolite HPX, as revealed by untargeted metabolomics analysis. Impressively, the correlation analysis between 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS suggested that HPX and Prevotella 9 are negatively correlated, which indicated that XP might increase the content of HPX by reducing the abundance of Prevotella 9. Meanwhile, a negative correlation between HPX and ASK1 was indicated through RNA-Seq and LC-MS, which suggested that the inhibition of ASK1 (Map3k5) may be ascribed to the increase in HPX after XP treatment. In vitro experiments have proven that HPX can alleviate LPS-induced NCM460 damage, specifically manifested as enhancing cell viability, reducing cell apoptosis, increasing ZO-1 expression, reducing the fluorescence intensity of MAP3K5 in the model group, and inhibiting the expression of ASK1/P38 MAPK pathway proteins. The protective effect of HPX was reversed after transfection with pcDNA 3.1-MAP3K5, which fully demonstrated that the protective mechanism of HPX was achieved by inhibiting MAP3K5 and its downstream pathways. CONCLUSION XP displayed multifaceted protection against IBS-D in rats by regulating the intestinal microbiota, increasing the relative expression level of HPX, a metabolite of the microbiota, and inhibiting the ASK1/P38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weili Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lingwen Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Junkai Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yizhou Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Syndrome and Formula, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
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Duan J, Yuan W, Jiang J, Wang J, Yan X, Liu F, Liu A. ASK1 inhibitor NQDI‑1 decreases oxidative stress and neuroapoptosis via the ASK1/p38 and JNK signaling pathway in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:47. [PMID: 36633130 PMCID: PMC9879074 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroapoptosis are key pathological processes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The present study evaluated the anti‑oxidation and anti‑apoptotic neuroprotective effects of the apoptosis signal‑regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) inhibitor ethyl‑2,7‑dioxo‑2,7‑dihydro‑3H‑naphtho(1,2,3‑de)quinoline‑1‑carboxylate (NQDI‑1) in early brain injury (EBI) following SAH in a rat model. A total of 191 rats were used and the SAH model was induced using monofilament perforation. Western blotting was subsequently used to detect the endogenous expression levels of proteins. Immunofluorescence was then used to confirm the nerve cellular localization of ASK1. Short‑term neurological function was assessed using the modified Garcia scores and the beam balance test 24 h after SAH, whereas long‑term neurological function was assessed using the rotarod test and the Morris water maze test. Apoptosis of neurons was assessed by TUNEL staining and oxidative stress was assessed by dihydroethidium staining 24 h after SAH. The protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p‑)ASK1 and ASK1 rose following SAH. NQDI‑1 was intracerebroventricularly injected 1 h after SAH and demonstrated significant improvements in both short and long‑term neurological function and significantly reduced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. Injection of NQDI‑1 caused a significant decrease in protein expression levels of p‑ASK1, p‑p38, p‑JNK, 4 hydroxynonenal, and Bax and significantly increased the protein expression levels of heme oxygenase 1 and Bcl‑2. The use of the p38 inhibitor BMS‑582949 or the JNK inhibitor SP600125 led to significant decreases in the protein expression levels of p‑p38 or p‑JNK, respectively, and a significant reduction in oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis; however, these inhibitors did not demonstrate an effect on p‑ASK1 or ASK1 protein expression levels. In conclusion, treatment with NQDI‑1 improved neurological function and decreased oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in EBI following SAH in rats, possibly via inhibition of ASK1 phosphorylation and the ASK1/p38 and JNK signaling pathway. NQDI‑1 may be considered a potential agent for the treatment of patients with SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Jiang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya Medicine School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Jikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Sun Yet-sen Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya Medicine School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Sun Yet-sen Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Fei Liu, Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Sun Yet-sen Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, 52 Meihuadong Road, Xiangzhou, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Aihua Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China,Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China,Professor Aihua Liu, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai, Beijing 100070, P.R. China, E-mail:
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7
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Ran J, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Li H, Zhang L, Li Q, Qin J, Li D, Sun L, Xie S, Zhang X, Liu L, Liu M, Zhou J. Targeting the HDAC6-Cilium Axis Ameliorates the Pathological Changes Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105365. [PMID: 35619548 PMCID: PMC9313505 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of childhood visual impairment and blindness. However, there are still very few effective pharmacological interventions for ROP. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-mediated disassembly of photoreceptor cilia has recently been implicated as an early event in the pathogenesis of ROP. Herein it is shown that enhanced expression of HDAC6 by intravitreal injection of adenoviruses encoding HDAC6 induces the typical pathological changes associated with ROP in mice, including disruption of the membranous disks of photoreceptor outer segments and a decrease in electroretinographic amplitudes. Hdac6 transgenic mice exhibit similar ROP-related defects in retinal structures and functions and disassembly of photoreceptor cilia, whereas Hdac6 knockout mice are resistant to oxygen change-induced retinal defects. It is further shown that blocking HDAC6-mediated cilium disassembly by intravitreal injection of small-molecule compounds protect mice from ROP-associated retinal defects. The findings indicate that pharmacological targeting of the HDAC6-cilium axis may represent a promising strategy for the prevention of ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ran
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Haixia Li
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Qingchao Li
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Juan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Songbo Xie
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and DiseasesEye Institute and School of OptometryTianjin Medical University Eye HospitalTianjin300384China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
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8
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Liu M, Zhong W, Li C, Su W. Fluoxetine attenuates apoptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage through Notch1/ASK1/p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8396-8411. [PMID: 35383529 PMCID: PMC9162017 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2037227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe brain condition associated with a significantly high incidence and mortality. As a consequence of SAH, early brain injury (EBI) may contribute to poor SAH patient outcomes. Apoptosis is a signaling pathway contributing to post-SAH early brain injury and the diagnosis of the disease. Fluoxetine is a well-studied serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). However, its role in apoptosis has not been clearly understood. The present investigation assessed the effects of Fluoxetine in apoptosis and the potential Notch1/ASK1/p38 MAPK signaling pathway in EBI after SAH. Adult C57BL/6 J mice were subjected to SAH. Study mice (56) were randomly divided into 4 groups: the surgery without SAH (sham (n = 8), SAH+ vehicle; (SAH+V) (n = 16), surgery+ Fluoxetine (Fluox), (n = 16) and SAH+ Fluoxetine (n = 16). Various parameters were investigated 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after induction of SAH. Western blot analysis, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry were carried out in every experimental group. According to the findings, the SAH downregulated NOTCH1 signaling pathway, Jlk6 inhibited Notch1, Notch1 inactivation increased apoptotic protein expression and suppressed Bax, and cytochrome C. Fluoxetine reversed the effects of notch1 inhibition in SAH. The Neuroprotective Fluoxetine effects involved suppression of apoptosis post-SAH. In summary, early Fluoxetine treatment significantly attenuates apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins after 72 h post-SAH. Fluoxetine may ameliorate early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage through anti-apoptotic effects and Notch1/ASK1/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weiying Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wandong Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
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9
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Yang J, Wang Z, Liu X, Lu P. Modulation of vascular integrity and neuroinflammation by peroxiredoxin 4 following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Microvasc Res 2021; 135:104144. [PMID: 33515567 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with oxidative stress playing a key role in the injury mechanism of thrombolytic therapy. There is increasing evidence that oxidative stress damages endothelial cells (ECs), degrades tight junction proteins (TJs), and contributes to increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. It has been demonstrated that the breakdown of BBB could increase the risk of intracerebral hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke. And an episode of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) also initiates oxidative stress-mediated inflammatory processes in ECs, which further promotes BBB disruption and the progression of brain injury. Previous studies have revealed that antioxidants could inhibit ROS generation and attenuate BBB disruption after cerebral I/R. Peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) is a member of the antioxidant enzymes family (Prx1-6) and has been characterized to be an efficient H2O2 scavenger. It should be noted that Prx4 may be directly involved in the protection of ECs from the effects of ROS and function in ECs as a membrane-associated peroxidase. This paper reviewed the implication of Prx4 on vascular integrity and neuroinflammation following a cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Zairan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiuying Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Pengchao Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
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10
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Yi X, Xu C, Huang P, Zhang L, Qing T, Li J, Wang C, Zeng T, Lu J, Han Z. 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-Propionylpiperidin-4-yl) Urea Protects the Blood-Brain Barrier Against Ischemic Injury by Upregulating Tight Junction Protein Expression, Mitigating Apoptosis and Inflammation In Vivo and In Vitro Model. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1197. [PMID: 32848796 PMCID: PMC7427473 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously have revealed that 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1- propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), as a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor can reduce infarct volume, protect blood-brain barrier (BBB) and brain against ischemic injury in rats. Here, we investigated the potential mechanisms of TPPU on BBB integrity in both in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) rat model and in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) model. In pMCAO rat, TPPU administration decreased brain edema and Evans blue content, increased tight junction proteins (TJs) expression of claudin-5, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). In OGD/R model, OGD/R significantly increased permeability and cell apoptosis, downregulated the expression of claudin-5, ZO-1, occludin, and lymphoma (Bcl)-2. Notably, TPPU pretreatment effectively protected the BBB integrity by reducing the permeability, promoting expression of claudin-5, ZO-1, occluding and Bcl-2, mitigating reactive oxygen species (ROS) injury and release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), downregulating expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-2, bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), IL-1β, IL-6β, and TNF-α. Moreover, OGD/R induced the up-regulation of p-p65, p-IκB, and p-p38, which were effectively decreased after TPPU pretreatment in comparison with that of the OGD/R group. Furthermore, pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC, a selective inhibitor of NF-κB p65) not only alleviated the OGD/R-induced HBMVECs injury and permeability, but also reduced the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, p-p65, and p-IκB, and the protective effect of PDTC was equivalent to that of TPPU. These results indicate that TPPU protects BBB integrity against ischemic injury by multiple protective mechanisms, at least in part, by reducing ROS, inflammation, apoptosis, and suppressing the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and p38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyang Yi
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China.,Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chongxi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chendu, China
| | - Pan Huang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Linlei Zhang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Qing
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China.,Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Han
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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11
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Wang F, Li R, Tu P, Chen J, Zeng K, Jiang Y. Total Glycosides of Cistanche deserticola Promote Neurological Function Recovery by Inducing Neurovascular Regeneration via Nrf-2/Keap-1 Pathway in MCAO/R Rats. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:236. [PMID: 32256351 PMCID: PMC7089931 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The traditional Chinese medicine Cistanche deserticola has been reported to be valid for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, its active components for the protection of ischemic stroke are not clear. We aimed to explore the active components of C. deserticola against ischemic stroke as well as its potential mechanisms. Methods We investigated the brain protective effects of extracts from C. deserticola, total glycosides (TGs), polysaccharides (PSs), and oligosaccharides (OSs) in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAO/R). 2, 3, 5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to assess the cerebral infarction volume, and Evans blue assay was adopted to assess the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Then, the expressions CD31, α-SMA, PDGFRβ, SYN, PSD95, MAP-2, ZO-1, claudin-5, occludin, Keap-1, and Nrf-2 were analyzed using western blotting or immunofluorescence, and the activities MDA, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were analyzed using kits. Results TGs treatment remarkably decreased neurological deficit scores and infarction volumes, promoted angiogenesis and neural remodeling, and effectively maintained blood-brain-barrier integrity compared with the model group. Furthermore, TGs significantly decreased MDA levels and increased antioxidant activities (SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px) in brains. Meanwhile, TGs remarkably downregulated Keap-1 expression and facilitated Nrf-2 nuclear translocation. On the contrary, no protective effects were observed for PSs and OSs groups. Conclusion TGs are the main active components of C. deserticola against MCAO/R-induced cerebral injury, and protection is mainly via the Nrf-2/Keap-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kewu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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12
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The Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist WIN55,212-2 Ameliorates Hippocampal Neuronal Damage After Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Possibly Through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and ASK1-p38 Signaling. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:847-856. [PMID: 31808139 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a major contributor to cognitive decline and degenerative processes leading to Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and aging. However, the delicate mechanism of CCH-induced neuronal damage, and therefore proper treatment, remains unclear. WIN55,212-2 (WIN) is a nonselective cannabinoid receptor agonist that has been shown to have effects on hippocampal neuron survival. In this study, we investigated the potential roles of WIN, as well as its underlying mechanism in a rat CCH model of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Hippocampal morphological changes and mitochondrial ultrastructure were detected using hematoxylin and eosin staining and electron microscopy, respectively. Various biomarkers, such as reactive oxidative species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were used to assess the level of oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Furthermore, the expression levels of neuronal nuclei (NeuN), apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)-p38 signaling proteins, cleaved Caspase-9 and -3, and cytochrome-c (Cyt-C) were accessed by western blotting. CCH decreased the levels of NeuN, Cyt-C (mitochondrial), SOD, and CAT, and increased the levels of MDA, phosphorylated ASK1 and phosphorylated p38, cleaved Caspase-9 and -3, and Cyt-C (cytoplasm), which were reversed by WIN treatment. Chronic treatment with WIN also improved CCH-induced neuronal degeneration and mitochondrial fragmentation. These findings indicated that WIN may be a potential therapeutic agent for ischemic neuronal damage, involving a mechanism associated with the suppression of oxidative stress and ASK1-p38 signaling.
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13
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Yan ZZ, Huang YP, Wang X, Wang HP, Ren F, Tian RF, Cheng X, Cai J, Zhang Y, Zhu XY, She ZG, Zhang XJ, Huang Z, Li H. Integrated Omics Reveals Tollip as an Regulator and Therapeutic Target for Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Hepatology 2019; 70:1750-1769. [PMID: 31077413 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the leading cause of liver dysfunction and failure after liver resection or transplantation and lacks effective therapeutic strategies. Here, we applied a systematic proteomic analysis to identify the prominent contributors to IR-induced liver damage and promising therapeutic targets for this condition. Based on an unbiased proteomic analysis, we found that toll-interacting protein (Tollip) expression was closely correlated with the hepatic IR process. RNA sequencing analysis and phenotypic examination showed a dramatically alleviated hepatic IR injury by Tollip deficiency both in vivo and in hepatocytes. Mechanistically, Tollip interacts with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and facilitates the recruitment of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to ASK1, leading to enhanced ASK1 N-terminal dimerization and the subsequent activation of downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Furthermore, the Tollip methionine and phenylalanine motif and TRAF6 ubiquitinating activity are required for Tollip-regulated ASK1-MAPK axis activation. Conclusion: Tollip is a regulator of hepatic IR injury by facilitating ASK1 N-terminal dimerization and the resultant c-Jun N-terminal kinase/p38 signaling activation. Inhibiting Tollip or its interaction with ASK1 might be promising therapeutic strategies for hepatic IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Ping Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai-Ping Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui-Feng Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Yong Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Xie X, Yuan C, Yin L, Zhu Q, Ma N, Chen W, Ding Y, Xiao W, Gong W, Lu G, Xu Z, Li W. NQDI-1 protects against acinar cell necrosis in three experimental mouse models of acute pancreatitis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:211-217. [PMID: 31587872 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
NQDI-1, an inhibitor of ASK1, has been reported to have protective effects in several experimental human disease models. However, the role of NQDI-1 in acute pancreatitis (AP) has not been reported. In this study, we found that NQDI-1 could attenuate histological damage of pancreatic tissue as well as the levels of serum amylase and lipase in a mouse model of AP induced by caerulein. Moreover, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of necrosis-related proteins (RIP3 and p-MLKL) were also reduced after NQDI-1 administration. Correspondingly, we elucidated the effect of NQDI-1 in vitro and found that NQDI-1 protected against pancreatic acinar cells necrosis via decreasing the ROS production and RIP3 and p-MLKL expression. In addition, we identified the protective effect of NQDI-1 on AP through two other mouse models induced by l-arginine and pancreatic duct ligation. Taken together, these findings showed that NQDI-1 could reduce the acinar cells necrosis and alleviate the severity of AP, which may afford a new therapeutic target on pancreatic necrosis in AP clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, PLA Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenchen Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, PLA Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingtian Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, PLA Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanbing Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiming Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijuan Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guotao Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, PLA Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, PLA Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenglei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Weiqin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, PLA Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, PLA Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Hu S, Liu T, Wu Y, Yang W, Hu S, Sun Z, Li P, Du S. Panax notoginseng saponins suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced barrier disruption and monocyte adhesion on bEnd.3 cells via the opposite modulation of Nrf2 antioxidant and NF-κB inflammatory pathways. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3163-3176. [PMID: 31468630 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a prerequisite for the pathogenesis of many cerebral diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation are well-known factors accounting for BBB injury. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), a clinical commonly used drug against cerebrovascular disease, possess efficient antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, the protective effects of PNS on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-insulted cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3) were assessed and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that PNS mitigated the decrease of Trans-Endothelial Electrical Resistance, increase of paracellular permeability, and loss of tight junction proteins in bEnd.3 BBB model. Meanwhile, PNS suppressed the THP-1 monocytes adhesion on bEnd.3 monolayer. Moreover, PNS prevented the pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and reactive oxygen species generation in bEnd.3 cells stimulated with LPS. Mechanism investigations suggested that PNS promoted the Akt phosphorylation, activated Nrf2 antioxidant signaling, and inhibited the NF-κB activation. All the effects of PNS could be abolished by PI3K inhibition at different levels. Taken together, these observations suggest that PNS may act as an extrinsic regulator that activates Nrf2 antioxidant defense system depending on PI3K/Akt and inhibits NF-κB inflammatory signaling to attenuate LPS-induced BBB disruption and monocytes adhesion on cerebral endothelial cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yali Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wanqing Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shaobo Hu
- School of Clinical Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zongxi Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyue Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shouying Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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16
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Wang F, Cao Y, Ma L, Pei H, Rausch WD, Li H. Dysfunction of Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells: Prelude to Vascular Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:376. [PMID: 30505270 PMCID: PMC6250852 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, memory loss, and thinking or speech problems. VaD is usually caused by cerebrovascular disease, during which, cerebrovascular endothelial cells (CECs) are vulnerable. CEC dysfunction occurs before the onset of VaD and can eventually lead to dysregulation of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier damage, followed by the activation of glia and inflammatory environment in the brain. White matter, neuronal axons, and synapses are compromised in this process, leading to cognitive impairment. The present review summarizes the mechanisms underlying CEC impairment during hypoperfusion and pathological role of CECs in VaD. Through the comprehensive examination and summarization, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway, Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) signaling pathway, and CEC-derived caveolin-1 (CAV-1) are proposed to serve as targets of new drugs for the treatment of VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixue Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Pei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wolf Dieter Rausch
- Department for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Hu S, Wu Y, Zhao B, Hu H, Zhu B, Sun Z, Li P, Du S. Panax notoginseng Saponins Protect Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion-Induced Barrier Dysfunction via Activation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Antioxidant Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112781. [PMID: 30373188 PMCID: PMC6278530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) possess efficient antioxidant activity and have been used in the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke in China. In this study, we determined the protective effects of PNS on BBB integrity and investigated the underlying mechanism in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3) exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). MTT and LDH release assays revealed that PNS mitigated the OGD/R-induced cell injury in a dose-dependent manner. TEER and paracellular permeability assays demonstrated that PNS alleviated the OGD/R-caused disruption of BBB integrity. Fluorescence probe DCFH-DA showed that PNS suppressed ROS generation in OGD/R-treated cells. Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis indicated that PNS inhibited the degradation of tight junction proteins triggered by OGD/R. Moreover, mechanism investigations suggested that PNS increased the phosphorylation of Akt, the activity of nuclear Nrf2, and the expression of downstream antioxidant enzyme HO-1. All the effects of PNS could be reversed by co-treatment with PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Taken together, these observations suggest that PNS may act as an extrinsic regulator that activates Nrf2 antioxidant signaling depending on PI3K/Akt pathway and protects against OGD/R-induced BBB disruption in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yali Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Haiyan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Baochen Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zongxi Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Pengyue Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Shouying Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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18
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Zhou Z, Lu J, Liu WW, Manaenko A, Hou X, Mei Q, Huang JL, Tang J, Zhang JH, Yao H, Hu Q. Advances in stroke pharmacology. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:23-42. [PMID: 29807056 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel is blocked or ruptured, and it is the major cause of death and adult disability worldwide. Various pharmacological agents have been developed for the treatment of stroke either through interrupting the molecular pathways leading to neuronal death or enhancing neuronal survival and regeneration. Except for rtPA, few of these agents have succeeded in clinical trials. Recently, with the understanding of the pathophysiological process of stroke, there is a resurrection of research on developing neuroprotective agents for stroke treatment, and novel molecular targets for neuroprotection and neurorestoration have been discovered to predict or offer clinical benefits. Here we review the latest major progress of pharmacological studies in stroke, especially in ischemic stroke; summarize emerging potential therapeutic mechanisms; and highlight recent clinical trials. The aim of this review is to provide a panorama of pharmacological interventions for stroke and bridge basic and translational research to guide the clinical management of stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianfei Lu
- Discipline of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wen-Wu Liu
- Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xianhua Hou
- Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qiyong Mei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jun-Long Huang
- Discipline of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qin Hu
- Discipline of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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19
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Cell Type-Specific Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke: The Role of Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2596043. [PMID: 29743976 PMCID: PMC5883936 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2596043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stroke has become a more common disease worldwide. Despite great efforts to develop treatment, little is known about ischemic stroke. Cerebral ischemia activates multiple cascades of cell type-specific pathomechanisms. Ischemic brain injury consists of a complex series of cellular reactions in various cell types within the central nervous system (CNS) including platelets, endothelial cells, astrocytes, neutrophils, microglia/macrophages, and neurons. Diverse cellular changes after ischemic injury are likely to induce cell death and tissue damage in the brain. Since cells in the brain exhibit different functional roles at distinct time points after injury (acute/subacute/chronic phases), it is difficult to pinpoint genuine roles of cell types after brain injury. Many experimental studies have shown the association of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) with cellular pathomechanisms after cerebral ischemia. Blockade of ASK1, by either pharmacological or genetic manipulation, leads to reduced ischemic brain injury and subsequent neuroprotective effects. In this review, we present the cell type-specific pathophysiology of the early phase of ischemic stroke, the role of ASK1 suggested by preclinical studies, and the potential use of ASK suppression, either by pharmacologic or genetic suppression, as a promising therapeutic option for ischemic stroke recovery.
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20
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Cheon SY, Kim EJ, Kim JM, Kam EH, Ko BW, Koo BN. Regulation of Microglia and Macrophage Polarization via Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 Silencing after Ischemic/Hypoxic Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:261. [PMID: 28855861 PMCID: PMC5557792 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is implicated in ischemic stroke and is involved in abnormal homeostasis. Activation of the immune system leads to breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and, thereby, infiltration of immune cells into the brain. Upon cerebral ischemia, infiltrated macrophages and microglia (resident CNS immune cell) are activated, change their phenotype to M1 or M2 based on the microenvironment, migrate toward damaged tissue, and are involved in repair or damage. Those of M1 phenotype release pro-inflammatory mediators, which are associated with tissue damage, while those of M2 phenotype release anti-inflammatory mediators, which are related to tissue recovery. Moreover, late inflammation continually stimulates immune cell infiltration and leads to brain infarction. Therefore, regulation of M1/M2 phenotypes under persistent inflammatory conditions after cerebral ischemia is important for brain repair. Herein, we focus on apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), which is involved in apoptotic cell death, brain infarction, and production of inflammatory mediators after cerebral ischemia. We hypothesized that ASK1 is involved in the polarization of M1/M2 phenotype and the function of microglia and macrophage during the late stage of ischemia/hypoxia. We investigated the effects of ASK1 in mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and on BV2 microglia and RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation. Our results showed that ASK1 silencing effectively reduced Iba-1 or CD11b-positive cells in ischemic areas, suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased anti-inflammatory mediator levels at 7 days after cerebral ischemia. In cultured microglia and macrophages, ASK1 inhibition, induced by NQDI-1 drug, decreased the expression and release of M1-associated factors and increased those of M2-associated factors after hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R). At the gene level, ASK1 inhibition suppressed M1-associated genes and augmented M2-associated genes. In gap closure assay, ASK1 inhibition reduced the migration rate of microglia and macrophages after H/R. Taken together, our results provide new information that suggests ASK1 controls the polarization of M1/M2 and the function of microglia and macrophage under sustained-inflammatory conditions. Regulation of persistent inflammation via M1/M2 polarization by ASK1 is a novel strategy for repair after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeong Cheon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea.,Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Jung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea.,Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Min Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea.,Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea.,Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Woong Ko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
| | - Bon-Nyeo Koo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea.,Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
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21
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Luo C, Ouyang MW, Fang YY, Li SJ, Zhou Q, Fan J, Qin ZS, Tao T. Dexmedetomidine Protects Mouse Brain from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Inhibiting Neuronal Autophagy through Up-Regulating HIF-1α. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:197. [PMID: 28729825 PMCID: PMC5498477 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of death in China and produces a heavy socio-economic burden in the past decades. Previous studies have shown that dexmedetomidine (DEX) is neuroprotective after cerebral ischemia. However, the role of autophagy during DEX-mediated neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia is still unknown. In this study, we found that post-conditioning with DEX and DEX+3-methyladenine (3-MA) (autophagy inhibitor) reduced brain infarct size and improved neurological deficits compared with DEX+RAPA (autophagy inducer) 24 h after transient middle cerebral artery artery occlusion (tMCAO) model in mice. DEX inhibited the neuronal autophagy in the peri-ischemic brain, and increased viability and decreased apoptosis of primary cultured neurons in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model. DEX induced expression of Bcl-1 and p62, while reduced the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin 1 in primary cultured neurons through inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy. Meanwhile, DEX promoted the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) both in vivo and in vitro, and 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2), an inhibitor of HIF-1α, could reverse DEX-induced autophagic inhibition. In conclusion, our study suggests that post-conditioning with DEX at the beginning of reperfusion protects mouse brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibition of neuronal autophagy by upregulation of HIF-1α, which provides a potential therapeutic treatment for acute ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Wen Ouyang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Fang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Ji Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zai-Sheng Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
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22
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Ji J, Xiang P, Li T, Lan L, Xu X, Lu G, Ji H, Zhang Y, Li Y. NOSH-NBP, a Novel Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide- Releasing Hybrid, Attenuates Ischemic Stroke-Induced Neuroinflammatory Injury by Modulating Microglia Polarization. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:154. [PMID: 28603491 PMCID: PMC5445131 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NOSH-NBP, a novel nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-releasing hybrid, protects brain from ischemic stroke. This study mainly aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of NOSH-NBP on ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanisms. In vivo, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was performed in C57BL/6 mice, with NO-NBP and H2S-NBP as controls. NO and H2S scavengers, carboxy-PTIO and BSS, respectively, were used to quench NO and H2S of NOSH-NBP. In vitro, BV2 microglia/BMDM were induced to the M1/2 phenotype, and conditioned medium (CM) experiments in BV2 microglia, neurons and b.End3 cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) were performed. Microglial/macrophage activation/polarization was assessed by flow cytometry, Western blot, RT-qPCR, and ELISA. Neuronal and EC survival was measured by TUNEL, flow cytometry, MTT and LDH assays. Transmission electron microscopy, EB extravasation, brain water content, TEER measurement and Western blot were used to detect blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and function. Interestingly, NOSH-NBP significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume and ameliorated neurological deficit, with superior effects compared with NO-NBP and/or H2S-NBP in mice after tMCAO. Both NO and H2S-releasing groups contributed to protection by NOSH-NBP. Additionally, NOSH-NBP decreased neuronal death and attenuated BBB dysfunction in tMCAO-treated mice. Furthermore, NOSH-NBP promoted microglia/macrophage switch from an inflammatory M1 phenotype to the protective M2 phenotype in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome were involved in the inhibitory effects of NOSH-NBP on M1 polarization, while peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma signaling contributed to NOSH-NBP induced M2 polarization. These findings indicated that NOSH-NBP is a potential therapeutic agent that preferentially promotes microglial/macrophage M1-M2 switch in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Pengjun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Li Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiaole Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong UniversityNantong, China
| | - Guo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Hui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
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