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Głowacka P, Oszajca K, Pudlarz A, Szemraj J, Witusik-Perkowska M. Postbiotics as Molecules Targeting Cellular Events of Aging Brain-The Role in Pathogenesis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2024; 16:2244. [PMID: 39064687 PMCID: PMC11279795 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor for neurodegeneration occurrence. The most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases, are characterized by the incidence of proteinopathy, abnormal activation of glial cells, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, impaired autophagy and cellular senescence excessive for the patient's age. Moreover, mitochondrial disfunction, epigenetic alterations and neurogenesis inhibition, together with increased blood-brain barrier permeability and gut dysbiosis, have been linked to ND pathogenesis. Since NDs still lack curative treatment, recent research has sought therapeutic options in restoring gut microbiota and supplementing probiotic bacteria-derived metabolites with beneficial action to the host-so called postbiotics. The current review focuses on literature explaining cellular mechanisms involved in ND pathogenesis and research addressing the impact that postbiotics as a whole mixture and particular metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate, polyamines, polyphenols, tryptophan metabolites, exopolysaccharides and bacterial extracellular vesicles, have on the ageing-associated processes underlying ND occurrence. The review also discusses the issue of implementing postbiotics into ND prophylaxis and therapy, depicting them as compounds addressing senescence-triggered dysfunctions that are worth translating from bench to pharmaceutical market in response to "silver consumers" demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pola Głowacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
- International Doctoral School, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Oszajca
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Pudlarz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Monika Witusik-Perkowska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
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Chen F, Zhu J, Yu L, Zhang Q, Guo M, Tian F, Zhai Q. Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CCFM8661 on serum metabolites and gut microbiota in a lead-exposed population. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129815. [PMID: 38296122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the impact of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) CCFM8661 on the gut microbiota, and the serum and fecal metabolomes in lead (Pb)-exposed individuals. The volunteers recruited for this study were divided into two treatment groups, (i) the placebo (control) and (ii) the L. plantarum CCFM8661 treatment groups. The analysis revealed that probiotic intervention reversed some of the changes in Pb exposure-induced intestinal bacterial abundance, including the abundance of Parabacteroides, Bacteroides, Clostridiaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae. An analysis of the fecal metabolome identified 26 differential metabolites involved in purine metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, and other pathways. Serum metabolite analysis showed that L. plantarum CCFM8661 treatment altered the serum metabolite levels of various metabolic pathways, such as the glycerophospholipid, amino acid, and glutathione metabolism pathways. These results suggest that L. plantarum CCFM8661 may have beneficial effects on Pb-exposed populations by modulating the gut microbiota, host serum metabolism, and the metabolism of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Qingsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Jia X, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Asakawa T. Multidirectional associations between the gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease, updated information from the perspectives of humoral pathway, cellular immune pathway and neuronal pathway. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1296713. [PMID: 38173790 PMCID: PMC10762314 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1296713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by a diverse range of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota, which form a vast and complex ecosystem. It has been reported that the microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a crucial role in regulating host neuroprotective function. Studies have shown that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, and experiments involving germ-free mice and fecal microbiota transplantation from PD patients have revealed the pathogenic role of the gut microbiota in PD. Interventions targeting the gut microbiota in PD, including the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, have also shown efficacy in treating PD. However, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease remains intricate. This study reviewed the association between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and PD from the perspectives of humoral pathway, cellular immune pathway and neuronal pathway. We found that the interactions among gut microbiota and PD are very complex, which should be "multidirectional", rather than conventionally regarded "bidirectional". To realize application of the gut microbiota-related mechanisms in the clinical setting, we propose several problems which should be addressed in the future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Qiliang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tetsuya Asakawa
- Institute of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Barbosa JA, Aguirre JCP, Nosach R, Harding JCS, Cantarelli VS, Costa MDO. Characterization of the bacterial fecal microbiota composition of pigs preceding the clinical signs of swine dysentery. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294273. [PMID: 37948383 PMCID: PMC10637667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Swine dysentery (SD) is a worldwide production-limiting disease of growing-finishing pigs in commercial farms. The importance of the large intestinal microbiota in the swine dysentery pathogenesis has been established, but not well characterized. The objective of this study was to characterize the fecal bacterial microbiota of pigs immediately prior to developing clinical signs of swine dysentery. A total of 60 fecal samples were collected from 15 pigs with SD. Sampling times included a time point prior to SD (d0, n=15), 2 days before mucohaemorrhagic diarrhea was observed (d-2SD, n=15), 1 day before mucohaemorrhagic diarrhea was observed (d-1SD, n=15), and the day when pigs developed mucohemorragic diarrhea (MHD, n=15). Sequencing of cpn60 amplicons was used to profile the microbiome, and analyses were performed on QIIME2. Increased Chao1 index in d-1SD and MHD samples when compared to the d0 was the only change observed in alpha diversity. No differences between sampling times on beta diversity (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity) were found. Although a small sample size was investigated, differential abundance analysis revealed that Alistipes dispar and Parabacteroides gordonii were increased in MHD fecal samples when compared to d-2SD and d-1SD. It is suggested that these taxa may play a role in the pathogenesis of SD, which is known to require the presence of Brachyspira spp. and an anaerobe for severe disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica A. Barbosa
- Animal Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Juan C. P. Aguirre
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Roman Nosach
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - John C. S. Harding
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Matheus de O. Costa
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University. Utrecht, the Netherlands
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5
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He Z, Wang T, Zhang S, Shi K, Wang F, Li Y, Lin C, Chen J. Evaluation of cholesterol transformation abilities and probiotic properties of Bacteroides dorei YGMCC0564. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1279996. [PMID: 38029107 PMCID: PMC10666794 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1279996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), often requires therapeutic agents with varying degrees of side effects. This has created a need for safe and natural alternatives such as medications or functional foods that can improve lipid metabolism and reduce cholesterol levels. In recent years, Next-generation probiotics (NGPs) have recently emerged as a potential solution, offering distinct mechanisms compared to traditional probiotics. Among the NGPs, Bacteroides, a dominant bacterial genus in the human gut, has gained significant attention due to its prevalence, ability to break down plant polysaccharides, and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Recent evidence has demonstrated that Bacteroides effectively reduces cholesterol levels, prevents obesity, and lowers the risk of CVD. However, research on Bacteroides is currently limited to a few species, leaving rooms for exploration of the beneficial functions of different species in this genus. In this study, we isolated 66 Bacteroides strains, including 9 distinct species, from healthy adults' fecal samples. By comparing their ability to assimilate cholesterol, we found that the transformation ability was not specific to any particular species. Notably, Bacteroides dorei YGMCC0564 revealed superior cholesterol-lowering capabilities and bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in vitro, surpassing that of Lactobacillus GG (LGG). YGMCC0564 exhibited favorable probiotic characteristics, including high survival rate in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal digestion, excellent adhesion ability, susceptibility to antibiotics, absence of hemolysis or virulence genes, and substantial production of SCFAs. The strain also demonstrated remarkable bile salt deconjugation activities and upregulation of the BT_416 gene associated with cholesterol, providing insights into a possible molecular mechanism underlying its cholesterol-reducing activity. These findings establish YGMCC0564 as a promising NPG candidate for improving cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili He
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Tinghui Wang
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | | | - Kuojiang Shi
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- Beijing Hotgen Biotechnology Inc., Beijing, China
| | - Chanqing Lin
- Beijing Hotgen Biotechnology Inc., Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
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Kunnummal SP, Sori N, Khan MA, Khan M. Plant-Based Nutraceutical Formulation Modulates the Human Gut Microbiota and Ferulic Acid Esterase Activity During In Vitro Fermentation. Curr Microbiol 2023; 81:3. [PMID: 37940729 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defences leading to neurological and other chronic disorders. The interaction between food and gut microbiota and their metabolites significantly reduces oxidative stress and influences host physiology and metabolism. This process mainly involves enzymes that hydrolyse complex polysaccharides and produce metabolites. Ferulic acid esterases (FAE) one of the most important enzymes of the gut microbiome, release ferulic acid from feruloylated sugar ester conjugates, that occur naturally in grains, fruits, and vegetables. FA is crucial in combating oxidative stress resulted from free radical formation. This study investigated the effect of two plant-based nutraceutical formulations, cereal-millet-based (PC1) and fruit-vegetable-based (PC2), on gut microbiota and the production of FAE, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and other small metabolites in in vitro fermentation using human faecal samples. After in vitro fermentation, both nutraceutical formulations increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Feacalibacteria, and Clostridium leptum. Furthermore, they induced the production of FAE, xylanase and pectinase enzymes, SCFA and other small metabolites, resulting in increased antioxidation activity of the fermentate. PC1 stimulated FAE and xylanase production more effectively. These results demonstrated a positive correlation between the feruloylated nutraceutical formulation and the production of FAE and other accessory enzymes, suggesting that PC1 and PC2 stimulate the proliferation of the FAE-producing microbial consortium of the gut microbiome and therefore, increase FA and SCFA concentration. From this study it is evident that FA-rich plant-based formulation can be used as a prophylactic nutraceutical supplement to alleviate oxidative stress by modulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saarika Pothuvan Kunnummal
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Nidhi Sori
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570020, India
| | - Mudassir Azeez Khan
- Department of Community Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahejibin Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570020, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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Mitra S, Dash R, Nishan AA, Habiba SU, Moon IS. Brain modulation by the gut microbiota: From disease to therapy. J Adv Res 2023; 53:153-173. [PMID: 36496175 PMCID: PMC10658262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota (GM) and brain are strongly associated, which significantly affects neuronal development and disorders. GM-derived metabolites modulate neuronal function and influence many cascades in age-related neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Because of the dual role of GM in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration, understanding the balance between beneficial and harmful bacteria is crucial for applying this approach to clinical therapies. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review briefly discusses the role of the gut-brain relationship in promoting brain and cognitive function. Although a healthy gut environment is helpful for brain function, gut dysbiosis can disrupt the brain's environment and create a vicious cycle of degenerative cascades. The ways in which the GM population can affect brain function and the development of neurodegeneration are also discussed. In the treatment and management of NDDs, the beneficial effects of methods targeting GM populations and their derivatives, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) are also highlighted. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT OF THE REVIEW In this review, we aimed to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of the gut microbe-brain relationship and their twin roles in neurodegeneration progression and therapeutic applications. Here, we attempted to highlight the different pathways connecting the brain and gut, together with the role of GM in neuroprotection and neuronal development. Furthermore, potential roles of GM metabolites in the pathogenesis of brain disorders and in strategies for its treatment are also investigated. By analyzing existing in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies, this review attempts to identify new and promising therapeutic strategies for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. As the connection between the gut microbe-brain relationship and responses to NDD treatments is less studied, this review will provide new insights into the global mechanisms of GM modulation in disease progression, and identify potential future perspectives for developing new therapies to treat NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Amena Al Nishan
- Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong 4203, Bangladesh
| | - Sarmin Ummey Habiba
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea.
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Orieux A, Enaud R, Imbert S, Boyer P, Begot E, Camino A, Boyer A, Berger P, Gruson D, Delhaes L, Prevel R. The gut microbiota composition is linked to subsequent occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0064123. [PMID: 37713505 PMCID: PMC10581192 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00641-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent nosocomial infection in critically ill-ventilated patients. Oropharyngeal and lung microbiota have been demonstrated to be associated with VAP occurrence, but the involvement of gut microbiota has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the composition of the gut microbiota between patients who subsequently develop VAP and those who do not. A rectal swab was performed at admission of every consecutive patient into the intensive care unit (ICU) from October 2019 to March 2020. After DNA extraction, V3-V4 and internal transcribed spacer 2 regions deep-sequencing was performed on MiSeq sequencer (Illumina) and data were analyzed using Divisive Amplicon Denoising Algorithm 2 (DADA2) pipeline. Among 255 patients screened, 42 (16%) patients with invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 h were included, 18 (43%) with definite VAP and 24 without (57%). Patients who later developed VAP had similar gut bacteriobiota and mycobiota α-diversities compared to those who did not develop VAP. However, gut mycobiota was dissimilar (β-diversity) between these two groups. The presence of Megasphaera massiliensis was associated with the absence of VAP occurrence, whereas the presence of the fungal genus Alternaria sp. was associated with the occurrence of VAP. The composition of the gut microbiota, but not α-diversity, differs between critically ill patients who subsequently develop VAP and those who do not. This study encourages large multicenter cohort studies investigating the role of gut-lung axis and oropharyngeal colonization in the development of VAP in ICU patients. Trial registration number: NCT04131569, date of registration: 18 October 2019. IMPORTANCE The composition of the gut microbiota, but not α-diversity, differs between critically ill patients who subsequently develop ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and those who do not. Investigating gut microbiota composition could help to tailor probiotics to provide protection against VAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Orieux
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bordeaux, France
| | - Raphaël Enaud
- Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Inserm UMR 1045, Bordeaux, France
- CHU Bordeaux, CRCM Pédiatrique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sébastien Imbert
- Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Inserm UMR 1045, Bordeaux, France
- Mycology-Parasitology Department, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Boyer
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bordeaux, France
| | - Erwan Begot
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bordeaux, France
| | - Adrian Camino
- Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Inserm UMR 1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandre Boyer
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bordeaux, France
- Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Inserm UMR 1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Inserm UMR 1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Gruson
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bordeaux, France
- Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Inserm UMR 1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurence Delhaes
- Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Inserm UMR 1045, Bordeaux, France
- Mycology-Parasitology Department, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Renaud Prevel
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bordeaux, France
- Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Inserm UMR 1045, Bordeaux, France
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Kolli U, Roy S. The role of the gut microbiome and microbial metabolism in mediating opioid-induced changes in the epigenome. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1233194. [PMID: 37670983 PMCID: PMC10475585 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1233194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current opioid pandemic is a major public health crisis in the United States, affecting millions of people and imposing significant health and socioeconomic burdens. Preclinical and clinical research over the past few decades has delineated certain molecular mechanisms and identified various genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors responsible for the pathophysiology and comorbidities associated with opioid use. Opioid use-induced epigenetic modifications have been identified as one of the important factors that mediate genetic changes in brain regions that control reward and drug-seeking behavior and are also implicated in the development of tolerance. Recently, it has been shown that opioid use results in microbial dysbiosis, leading to gut barrier disruption, which drives systemic inflammation, impacting the perception of pain, the development of analgesic tolerance, and behavioral outcomes. In this review, we highlight the potential role of microbiota and microbial metabolites in mediating the epigenetic modifications induced by opioid use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabita Roy
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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Wei X, Xin J, Chen W, Wang J, Lv Y, Wei Y, Li Z, Ding Q, Shen Y, Xu X, Zhang X, Zhang W, Zu X. Astragalus polysaccharide ameliorated complex factor-induced chronic fatigue syndrome by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114862. [PMID: 37167729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating disease with no symptomatic treatment. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a component derived from the traditional Chinese medicine A. membranaceus, has significant anti-fatigue activity. However, the mechanisms underlying the potential beneficial effects of APS on CFS remain poorly understood. A CFS model of 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice was established using the multiple-factor method. These mice underwent examinations for behavior, oxidative stress and inflammatory indicators in brain and intestinal tissues, and ileum histomorphology. 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis indicated that APS regulated the abundance of gut microbiota and increased production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and anti-inflammatory bacteria. In addition, APS reversed the abnormal expression of Nrf2, NF-κB, and their downstream factors in the brain-gut axis and alleviated the reduction in SCFAs in the cecal content caused by CFS. Further, APS modulated the changes in serum metabolic pathways induced by CFS. Finally, it was verified that butyrate exerted antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in neuronal cells. In conclusion, APS could increase the SCFAs content by regulating the gut microbiota, and SCFAs (especially butyrate) can further regulate the oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, thus alleviating CFS. This study explored the efficacy and mechanism of APS for CFS from the perspective of gut-brain axis and provides a reference to further explore the efficacy of APS and the role of SCFAs in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jiayun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yanhui Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yanping Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhanhong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qianqian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yunheng Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xike Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiuyun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xianpeng Zu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Majumdar A, Siva Venkatesh IP, Basu A. Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Role in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Viral Infections. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1045-1062. [PMID: 36868874 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis (GBA) is the umbrella term to include all bidirectional communication between the brain and gastrointestinal (GI) tract in the mammalian body. Evidence from over two centuries describes a significant role of GI microbiome in health and disease states of the host organism. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly acetate, butyrate, and propionate that are the physiological forms of acetic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid respectively, are GI bacteria derived metabolites. SCFAs have been reported to influence cellular function in multiple neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). In addition, the inflammation modulating properties of SCFAs make them suitable therapeutic candidates in neuroinflammatory conditions. This review provides a historical background of the GBA and current knowledge of the GI microbiome and role of individual SCFAs in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Recently, a few reports have also identified the effects of GI metabolites in the case of viral infections. Among these viruses, the flaviviridae family is associated with neuroinflammation and deterioration of CNS functions. In this context, we additionally introduce SCFA based mechanisms in different viral pathogenesis to understand the former's potential as agents against flaviviral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atreye Majumdar
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122052, India
| | | | - Anirban Basu
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122052, India
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12
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Hou X, Wu N, Ren S, Wang X, Mu Q, Zhang Y, Wang S, Yu W, Guo J. Profiling Blautia at high taxonomic resolution reveals correlations with cognitive dysfunction in Chinese children with Down syndrome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1109889. [PMID: 36844413 PMCID: PMC9950735 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1109889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Down syndrome (DS), the presence of a supernumerary chromosome 21, is associated with cognitive dysfunction caused by early neurodegenerative processes. Alterations in the gut microbiota were observed in Chinese children with DS, and the genus Blautia was associated with cognitive function in these children. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the detailed composition of this group at the species level and to explore the effect of specific species on cognitive function. Methods In this study, Blautia-specific amplicon sequencing was conducted to identify the specific Blautia species in 15 children with DS and 15 matched healthy children. Results The taxonomic analyses suggested that the Blautia taxa were clustered by disease status. The diversity of Blautia at the species level differed between DS patients and healthy controls, with the abundances of Blautia massiliensis and Blautia argi decreasing in DS children, while Blautia faecis was increased. Acetic acid, one of the metabolites of Blautia, was significantly reduced in the DS group. Of particular interest, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed decreased modules related to starch and sucrose metabolism and glycolysis. In addition, B. argi was positively related to DS cognitive scores, and B. faecis was negatively related to cognitive function, implying its role on the DS cognitive impairments. Discussion Our study has important implications for understanding the important effects of specific species of Blautia on cognitive function and thus possibly provides a new strategy for future studies of cognitive improvement in individuals with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shimeng Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinjuan Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Mu
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Yu
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jingzhu Guo, ; Weidong Yu,
| | - Jingzhu Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jingzhu Guo, ; Weidong Yu,
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13
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Update on Accepted Novel Bacterial Isolates Derived from Human Clinical Specimens and Taxonomic Revisions Published in 2020 and 2021. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0028222. [PMID: 36533910 PMCID: PMC9879126 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00282-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of factors, including microbiome analyses and the increased utilization of whole-genome sequencing in the clinical microbiology laboratory, has contributed to the explosion of novel prokaryotic species discovery, as well as bacterial taxonomy revision. This review attempts to summarize such changes relative to human clinical specimens that occurred in 2020 and 2021, per primary publication in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology or acceptance on Validation Lists published by the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. Of particular significance among valid and effectively published taxa within the past 2 years were novel Corynebacterium spp., coagulase-positive staphylococci, Pandoraea spp., and members of family Yersiniaceae. Noteworthy taxonomic revisions include those within the Bacillus and Lactobacillus genera, family Staphylococcaceae (including unifications of subspecies designations to species level taxa), Elizabethkingia spp., and former members of Clostridium spp. and Bacteroides spp. Revisions within the Brucella genus have the potential to cause deleterious effects unless the relevance of such changes is properly communicated by microbiologists to stakeholders in clinical practice, infection prevention, and public health.
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14
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Li D, You HJ, Hu GJ, Yao RY, Xie AM, Li XY. Mechanisms of the Ping-wei-san plus herbal decoction against Parkinson's disease: Multiomics analyses. Front Nutr 2023; 9:945356. [PMID: 36687704 PMCID: PMC9845696 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.945356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder involving loss of dopaminergic neurons. Multiple studies implicate the microbiota-gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease pathophysiology. Ping-wei-san plus Herbal Decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine composition with beneficial effects in Parkinson's disease, may have a complex array of actions. Here we sought to determine whether gut microbiota and metabolic pathways are involved in Ping-wei-san plus herbal therapy for Parkinson's disease and to identify functional pathways to guide research. Methods and results The model of Parkinson's disease were induced with the rotenone. The Ping-wei-san plus group received the PWP herbal decoction for 90 days, after which all groups were analyzed experimentally. PWP herbal treatment improved motor behavior and emotional performance, balanced gut microbiota, and benefited dietary metabolism. Tandem Mass Tags mass spectrometry identified many differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the substantia nigra and duodenum in the PWP group, and these DEPs were enriched in pathways such as those involving cAMP signaling, glutamatergic synapses, dopaminergic synapses, and ribosome-rich functions in the gut. The PWP group showed increases in recombinant tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 3, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat, and pyrin domain containing proteins 6 in the substantia nigra and decreased parkin, gasdermin D, recombinant tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 3, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain containing proteins 6 in the duodenum. Discussion In conclusion, this study combined gut microbiota, metabolomics, and proteomics to evaluate the mechanism of action of Ping-wei-san plus on Parkinson's disease and revealed that PWP herbal treatment modulated gut microbiota, altered metabolite biological pathways, and affected functional pathway protein expression in Parkinson's disease mice, resulting in therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-juan You
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guo-jie Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ru-yong Yao
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - An-mu Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-yuan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Xiao-yuan Li,
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15
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Gut-oriented disease modifying therapy for Parkinson's disease. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:9-18. [PMID: 36182642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathology studies have shown that the pathognomonic feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, may start from the gut enteric nervous system and then spread to the central dopaminergic neurons through the gut-brain axis. With the advent of metagenomic sequencing and metabolomic analysis, a plethora of evidence has revealed different gut microbiomes and gut metabolites in patients with PD compared with unaffected controls. Currently, although dopaminergic treatments and deep brain stimulation can provide some symptomatic benefits for motor symptoms of the disease, their long-term use is problematic. A mechanism-targeted therapy to halt the neurodegeneration is lacking. The recently observed gut microenvironmental changes in the early stages of the disease play a vital role in the PD pathogenesis. Patients whose disease begins in the gut may benefit most from interventions that target the gut microenvironments. In this review, we will summarize the current studies demonstrating multifunctional roles of gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis of PD and the currently available evidence for targeting the gut microbiota as a novel approach to potential disease-modifying therapy in PD.
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16
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Maciak K, Dziedzic A, Saluk J. Possible role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the gut-brain axis in multiple sclerosis-related depression. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22687. [PMID: 36459154 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201348r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that results from complex interactions between genetic and environmental determinants. Patients with MS exhibit a high risk of depression, however, the exact pathomechanisms remain largely unknown. It is becoming widely accepted that the gut-brain axis (GBA) disorders may exert an influence on neuroinflammation and psychiatric symptoms, including so-called MS-related depression. The element suggested as a bridge between intestinal disorders, depression, and MS is an inflammatory response with the central role of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The pro-inflammatory activity of effector cytokines of the NLRP3 inflammasome forms the hypothesis that it is actively involved in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Despite extensive reviews considering the possible origins of MS-related depression, its complex pathophysiology prevents any easy determination of its underlying mechanisms. This paper aims to discuss molecular mechanisms related to the GBA axis that can mediate dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, disruption of blood-brain barrier integrity, neuroinflammation, and subsequent manifestation of MS-related major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Maciak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Angela Dziedzic
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Saluk
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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17
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Bhatt S, Kanoujia J, Mohana Lakshmi S, Patil CR, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Role of Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis in Depression: Emerging Therapeutic Avenues. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2023; 22:276-288. [PMID: 35352640 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220329140804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of central nervous system-related diseases. Recent studies suggest correlations between the altered gut microbiota and major depressive disorder (MDD). It is proposed that normalization of the gut microbiota alleviates MDD. The imbalance of brain-gut-microbiota axis also results in dysregulation of the hypothalamicpituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis. This imbalance has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of depression. Treatment strategies with certain antibiotics lead to the depletion of useful microbes and thereby induce depression like effects in subjects. Microbiota is also involved in the synthesis of various neurotransmitters (NTs) like 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT; serotonin), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA). In addition to NTs, the gut microbiota also has an influence on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Recent research findings have exhibited that transfer of stress prone microbiota in mice is also responsible for depression and anxiety-like behaviour in animals. The use of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and proper diet have shown beneficial effects in the regulation of depression pathogenesis. Moreover, transplantation of fecal microbiota from depressed individuals to normal subjects also induces depression-like symptoms. With the precedence of limited therapeutic benefits from monoamine targeting drugs, the regulation of brain-gut microbiota is emerging as a new treatment modality for MDDs. In this review, we elaborate on the significance of brain-gut-microbiota axis in the progression of MDD, particularly focusing on the modulation of the gut microbiota as a mode of treating MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shvetank Bhatt
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh (AUMP), Gwalior -474005, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jovita Kanoujia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh (AUMP), Gwalior -474005, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S Mohana Lakshmi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh (AUMP), Gwalior -474005, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - C R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karwand Naka, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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18
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Agnihotri N, Mohajeri MH. Involvement of Intestinal Microbiota in Adult Neurogenesis and the Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415934. [PMID: 36555576 PMCID: PMC9783874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests a possible involvement of the intestinal microbiota in generating new neurons, but a detailed breakdown of the microbiota composition is lacking. In this report, we systematically reviewed preclinical rodent reports addressing the connection between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and neurogenesis and neurogenesis-affecting neurotrophins in the hippocampus. Various changes in bacterial composition from low taxonomic resolution at the phylum level to high taxonomic resolution at the species level were identified. As for neurogenesis, studies predominantly used doublecortin (DCX) as a marker of newly formed neurons or bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) as a marker of proliferation. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was the only neurotrophin found researched in relation to the intestinal microbiota. Phylum Actinobacteria, genus Bifidobacterium and genus Lactobacillus found the strongest positive. In contrast, phylum Firmicutes, phylum Bacteroidetes, and family Enterobacteriaceae, as well as germ-free status, showed the strongest negative correlation towards neurogenesis or BDNF mRNA expression. Age, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), obesity, and chronic stress were recurring topics in all studies identified. Overall, these findings add to the existing evidence of a connection between microbiota and processes in the brain. To better understand this interaction, further investigation based on analyses of higher taxonomic resolution and clinical studies would be a gain to the matter.
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19
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Liu L, Wang H, Zhang H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Wu J, Zhao L, Wang D, Pu J, Ji P, Xie P. Toward a Deeper Understanding of Gut Microbiome in Depression: The Promise of Clinical Applicability. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203707. [PMID: 36285702 PMCID: PMC9762301 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has dramatically increased the global prevalence of depression. Unfortunately, antidepressant drugs benefit only a small minority of patients. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new interventions. Accumulating evidence supports a causal relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and depression. To advance microbiota-based diagnostics and therapeutics of depression, a comprehensive overview of microbial alterations in depression is presented to identify effector microbial biomarkers. This procedure generated 215 bacterial taxa from humans and 312 from animal models. Compared to controls, depression shows significant differences in β-diversity, but no changes in microbial richness and diversity. Additionally, species-specific microbial changes are identified like increased Eggerthella in humans and decreased Acetatifactor in rodent models. Moreover, a disrupted microbiome balance and functional changes, characterized by an enrichment of pro-inflammatory bacteria (e.g., Desulfovibrio and Escherichia/Shigella) and depletion of anti-inflammatory butyrate-producing bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium) are consistently shared across species. Confounding effects of geographical region, depression type, and intestinal segments are also investigated. Ultimately, a total of 178 species and subspecies probiotics are identified to alleviate the depressive phenotypes. Current findings provide a foundation for developing microbiota-based diagnostics and therapeutics and advancing microbiota-oriented precision medicine for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxiang Liu
- Department of NeurologyYongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing402160China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- College of Stomatology and Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing401147China
| | - Hanping Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xueyi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Yangdong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Ji Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Libo Zhao
- Department of NeurologyYongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing402160China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Juncai Pu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Ping Ji
- College of Stomatology and Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing401147China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of NeurologyYongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing402160China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- College of Stomatology and Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing401147China
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20
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Kumar D, Ashraf GM, Hassan MI. Therapeutic Integrity of Microbiome-based Medicines in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2014-2018. [PMID: 35156584 PMCID: PMC9886841 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220214113816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Ghulam Md. Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; ,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India; ,Address correspondence to this author at the Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India; E-mail:
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21
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Kumar D, Md Ashraf G, Bilgrami AL, Imtaiyaz Hassan M. Emerging therapeutic developments in neurodegenerative diseases: A clinical investigation. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103305. [PMID: 35728774 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite a century of intensive research, there is still a lack of disease-modifying treatments for neurodegenerative diseases that pose a threat to human society. A well-documented knowledge and resource gap has impeded the translation of fundamental research into promising therapies. In addition, the analysis of extensive preclinical data to allow the improved selection of therapeutic technologies and clinical candidates for further development is challenging. To address this need, we describe technologies that have emerged over the past decade that have enabled the development of novel, high-quality, cost-effective treatments for major neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Moreover, we benchmark emerging technologies that have been adopted by top pharmaceutical companies looking to bridge the gap between drug discovery and drug development in neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar L Bilgrami
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110 025, India.
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22
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Ko YJ, Kim S, Pan CH, Park K. Identification of Functional Microbial Modules Through Network-Based Analysis of Meta-Microbial Features Using Matrix Factorization. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 19:2851-2862. [PMID: 34329170 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2021.3100893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As the microbiome is composed of a variety of microbial interactions, it is imperative in microbiome research to identify a microbial sub-community that collectively conducts a specific function. However, current methodologies have been highly limited to analyzing conditional abundance changes of individual microorganisms without considering group-wise collective microbial features. To overcome this limitation, we developed a network-based method using nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) to identify functional meta-microbial features (MMFs) that, as a group, better discriminate specific environmental conditions of samples using microbiome data. As proof of concept, large-scale human microbiome data collected from different body sites were used to identify body site-specific MMFs by applying NMF. The statistical test for MMFs led us to identify highly discriminative MMFs on sample classes, called synergistic MMFs (SYMMFs). Finally, we constructed a SYMMF-based microbial interaction network (SYMMF-net) by integrating all of the SYMMF information. Network analysis revealed core microbial modules closely related to critical sample properties. Similar results were also found when the method was applied to various disease-associated microbiome data. The developed method interprets high-dimensional microbiome data by identifying functional microbial modules on sample properties and intuitively representing their systematic relationships via a microbial network.
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23
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Cui Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Yi Y, Shan Y, Liu B, Zhou Y, Lü X. Roles of intestinal Parabacteroides in human health and diseases. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2022; 369:6659190. [PMID: 35945336 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability of gut microbiota is essential for the host health. Parabacteroides spp., core members of the human gut microbiota, have average abundance of 1.27% in the human of 12 populations. Parabacteroides has been recently reported to have a close relationship with host health (E.g., metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and obesity). Parabacteroides have the physiological characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism and secreting SCFAs. However, antimicrobial resistance of Parabacteroides to antibiotic (such as clindamycin, moxifloxacin and cefoxitin) should not be ignored. In this review, we primarily focused on Parabacteroides distasoniss, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Parabacteroides johnsonii and Parabacteroides merdae and discussed their relationships with host disease, diet and the prevention or induction of diseases. P. distasonis and P. goldsteinii may be viewed as the potential next generation probiotics (NGP) candidate due to their protective effects on inflammation and obesity in mice. We also discussed the potential therapeutic application of Parabacteroides spp. in maintaining host-intestine homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Cui
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Leshan Zhang
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yanglei Yi
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shan
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bianfang Liu
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Lü
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
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24
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Therapeutic potential of Short Chain Fatty acid production by gut microbiota in Neurodegenerative disorders. Nutr Res 2022; 106:72-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Reducing neuroinflammation via therapeutic compounds and lifestyle to prevent or delay progression of Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 78:101618. [PMID: 35395416 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-associated neurodegenerative disorder and is characterised by progressive loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. Peripheral immune cell infiltration and activation of microglia and astrocytes are observed in PD, a process called neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is a fundamental response to protect the brain but, when chronic, it triggers neuronal damage. In the last decade, central and peripheral inflammation were suggested to occur at the prodromal stage of PD, sustained throughout disease progression, and may play a significant role in the pathology. Understanding the pathological mechanisms of PD has been a high priority in research, primarily to find effective treatments once symptoms are present. Evidence indicates that early life exposure to neuroinflammation as a consequence of life events, environmental or behaviour factors such as exposure to infections, pollution or a high fat diet increase the risk of developing PD. Many studies show healthy habits and products that decrease neuroinflammation also reduce the risk of PD. Here, we aim to stimulate discussion about the role of neuroinflammation in PD onset and progression. We highlight that reducing neuroinflammation throughout the lifespan is critical for preventing idiopathic PD, and present epidemiological studies that detail risk and protective factors. It is possible that introducing lifestyle changes that reduce neuroinflammation at the time of PD diagnosis may slow symptom progression. Finally, we discuss compounds and therapeutics to treat the neuroinflammation associated with PD.
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26
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Human milk oligosaccharide-sharing by a consortium of infant derived Bifidobacterium species. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4143. [PMID: 35264656 PMCID: PMC8907170 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07904-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are associated with a host of health benefits and are typically dominant in the gut microbiota of healthy, breast-fed infants. A key adaptation, facilitating the establishment of these species, is their ability to consume particular sugars, known as human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), which are abundantly found in breastmilk. In the current study, we aimed to characterise the co-operative metabolism of four commercial infant-derived bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium bifidum R0071, Bifidobacterium breve M-16V, Bifidobacterium infantis R0033, and Bifidobacterium infantis M-63) when grown on HMO. Three different HMO substrates (2'-fucosyllactose alone and oligosaccharides isolated from human milk representing non-secretor and secretor status) were employed. The four-strain combination resulted in increased bifidobacterial numbers (> 21%) in comparison to single strain cultivation. The relative abundance of B. breve increased by > 30% during co-cultivation with the other strains despite demonstrating limited ability to assimilate HMO in mono-culture. HPLC analysis revealed strain-level variations in HMO consumption. Metabolomics confirmed the production of formate, acetate, 1,2-propanediol, and lactate with an overall increase in such metabolites during co-cultivation. These results support the concept of positive co-operation between multiple bifidobacterial strains during HMO utilisation which may result in higher cell numbers and a potentially healthier balance of metabolites.
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27
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Wang J, Hu JQ, Song YJ, Yin J, Wang YYF, Peng B, Zhang BW, Liu JM, Dong L, Wang S. 2'-Fucosyllactose Ameliorates Oxidative Stress Damage in d-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota and AMPK/SIRT1/FOXO1 Pathway. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020151. [PMID: 35053883 PMCID: PMC8774504 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of reactive oxygen species is the main cause in aging, accompanied by oxidative stress. As the most abundant in human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), 2′-Fucosyllactose (2′-FL) has been confirmed to have great properties in immunity regulation and anti-inflammatory. The research on 2′-FL is focused on infants currently, while there is no related report of 2′-FL for the elderly. A d-galactose-induced accelerated aging model was established to explore the protective effect of 2′-FL on the intestines and brain in mice. In this study, 2′-FL significantly reduced oxidative stress damage and inflammation in the intestines of aging mice, potentially by regulating the sirtuin1 (SIRT1)-related and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways. In addition, 2′-FL significantly improved the gut mucosal barrier function and increased the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestine. The gut microbiota analysis indicated that 2′-FL mainly increased the abundance of probiotics like Akkermansia in aging mice. Moreover, 2′-FL significantly inhibited apoptosis in the brains of aging mice, also increasing the expression of SIRT1. These findings provided a basis for learning the benefits of 2′-FL in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuo Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-22-8535-8445
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28
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Peng H, Ouyang L, Li D, Li Z, Yuan L, Fan L, Liao A, Li J, Wei Y, Yang Z, Ma X, Chen X, He Y. Short-chain fatty acids in patients with schizophrenia and ultra-high risk population. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:977538. [PMID: 36578297 PMCID: PMC9790925 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.977538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals who experience the prodromal phase of schizophrenia (SCZ), a common and complex psychiatric disorder, are referred to as ultra-high-risk (UHR) individuals. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) is imperative in the microbiota-gut-brain axis and brain function. Accumulating amount of evidence shows the connections between psychiatric disorders and SCFAs. This study aims to explore the underlying roles SCFAs play in SCZ by investigating the association of alterations in SCFAs concentrations with common cognitive functions in both the SCZ and UHR populations. METHODS The study recruited 59 SCZ patients (including 15 participants converted from the UHR group), 51 UHR participants, and 40 healthy controls (HC) within a complete follow-up of 2 years. Results of cognitive functions, which were assessed by utilizing HVLT-R and TMT, and serum concentrations of SCFAs were obtained for all participants and for UHR individuals at the time of their conversion to SCZ. RESULTS Fifteen UHR participants converted to SCZ within a 2-year follow-up. Valeric acid concentration levels were lower in both the baseline of UHR individuals whom later converted to SCZ (p = 0.046) and SCZ patients (p = 0.036) than the HC group. Additionally, there were lower concentrations of caproic acid in the baseline of UHR individuals whom later transitioned to SCZ (p = 0.019) and the UHR group (p = 0.016) than the HC group. Furthermore, the caproic acid levels in the UHR group are significantly positively correlated with immediate memory (r = 0.355, p = 0.011) and negatively correlated with TMT-B (r = -0.366, p = 0.009). Significant differences in levels of acetic acid, butyric acid and isovaleric acid were absent among the three groups and in UHR individuals before and after transition to SCZ. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that alterations in concentrations of SCFAs may be associated with the pathogenesis and the cognitive impairment of schizophrenia. Further researches are warranted to explore this association. The clinical implications of our findings were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lijun Ouyang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - David Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zongchang Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liu Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lejia Fan
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Aijun Liao
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguang Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yisen Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zihao Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying He
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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29
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Strati F, Lattanzi G, Amoroso C, Facciotti F. Microbiota-targeted therapies in inflammation resolution. Semin Immunol 2022; 59:101599. [PMID: 35304068 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota has been shown to systemically shape the immunological landscape, modulate homeostasis and play a role in both health and disease. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota promotes inflammation and contributes to the pathogenesis of several major disorders in gastrointestinal tract, metabolic, neurological and respiratory diseases. Much effort is now focused on understanding host-microbes interactions and new microbiota-targeted therapies are deeply investigated as a means to restore health or prevent disease. This review details the immunoregulatory role of the gut microbiota in health and disease and discusses the most recent strategies in manipulating individual patient's microbiota for the management and prevention of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Strati
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Georgia Lattanzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Amoroso
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Facciotti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
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30
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Vijiaratnam N, Foltynie T. Disease modifying therapies III: Novel targets. Neuropharmacology 2021; 201:108839. [PMID: 34656651 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant research advances, treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains confined to symptomatic therapies. Approaches aiming to halt or reverse disease progression remain an important but unmet goal. A growing understanding of disease pathogenesis and the identification of novel pathways contributing to initiation of neurodegeneration and subsequent progression has highlighted a range of potential novel targets for intervention that may influence the rate of progression of the disease process. Exploiting techniques to stratify patients according to these targets alongside using them as biomarkers to measure target engagement will likely improve patient selection and preliminary outcome measurements in clinical trials. In this review, we summarize a number of PD-related mechanisms that have recently gained interest such as neuroinflammation, lysosomal dysfunction and insulin resistance, while also exploring the potential for targeting peripheral interfaces such as the gastrointestinal tract and its ecosystem to achieve disease modification. We explore the rationale for these approaches based on preclinical studies, while also highlighting the status of relevant clinical trials as well as the promising role biomarkers may play in current and future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirosen Vijiaratnam
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Thomas Foltynie
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.
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31
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González-Bosch C, Boorman E, Zunszain PA, Mann GE. Short-chain fatty acids as modulators of redox signaling in health and disease. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102165. [PMID: 34662811 PMCID: PMC8577496 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by colonic bacteria and obtained from the diet, have been linked to beneficial effects on human health associated with their metabolic and signaling properties. Their physiological functions are related to their aliphatic tail length and dependent on the activation of specific membrane receptors. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms underlying SCFAs mediated protection against oxidative and mitochondrial stress and their role in regulating metabolic pathways in specific tissues. We critically evaluate the evidence for their cytoprotective roles in suppressing inflammation and carcinogenesis and the consequences of aging. The ability of these natural compounds to induce signaling pathways, involving nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), contributes to the maintenance of redox homeostasis under physiological conditions. SCFAs may thus serve as nutritional and therapeutic agents in healthy aging and in vascular and other diseases such as diabetes, neuropathologies and cancer. SCFAs are a link between the microbiota, redox signaling and host metabolism. SCFAs modulate Nrf2 redox signaling through specific free fatty acid receptors. Butyrate induces epigenetic regulation and/or Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Butyrate and propionate protect the blood-brain barrier by facilitating docosahexaenoic acid transport. Regulation of redox homeostasis by SCFAs supports their potential as therapeutic nutrients in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen González-Bosch
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA/CSIC), Avenida Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Emily Boorman
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Patricia A Zunszain
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
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32
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Description of the fecal microbiota of siblings from Costa Rica with and without affective and psychotic disorders. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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33
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Lorente-Picón M, Laguna A. New Avenues for Parkinson's Disease Therapeutics: Disease-Modifying Strategies Based on the Gut Microbiota. Biomolecules 2021; 11:433. [PMID: 33804226 PMCID: PMC7998286 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder that currently affects 1% of the population over the age of 60 years, and for which no disease-modifying treatments exist. Neurodegeneration and neuropathology in different brain areas are manifested as both motor and non-motor symptoms in patients. Recent interest in the gut-brain axis has led to increasing research into the gut microbiota changes in PD patients and their impact on disease pathophysiology. As evidence is piling up on the effects of gut microbiota in disease development and progression, another front of action has opened up in relation to the potential usage of microbiota-based therapeutic strategies in treating gastrointestinal alterations and possibly also motor symptoms in PD. This review provides status on the different strategies that are in the front line (i.e., antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; synbiotics; dietary interventions; fecal microbiota transplantation, live biotherapeutic products), and discusses the opportunities and challenges the field of microbiome research in PD is facing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lorente-Picón
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Laguna
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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34
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The Role of Gut Bacterial Metabolites in Brain Development, Aging and Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030732. [PMID: 33669008 PMCID: PMC7996516 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, emerging evidence has reported correlations between the gut microbiome and human health and disease, including those affecting the brain. We performed a systematic assessment of the available literature focusing on gut bacterial metabolites and their associations with diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). The bacterial metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as non-SCFAs like amino acid metabolites (AAMs) and bacterial amyloids are described in particular. We found significantly altered SCFA levels in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), affective disorders, multiple sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Non-SCFAs yielded less significantly distinct changes in faecal levels of patients and healthy controls, with the majority of findings were derived from urinary and blood samples. Preclinical studies have implicated different bacterial metabolites with potentially beneficial as well as detrimental mechanisms in brain diseases. Examples include immunomodulation and changes in catecholamine production by histone deacetylase inhibition, anti-inflammatory effects through activity on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and involvement in protein misfolding. Overall, our findings highlight the existence of altered bacterial metabolites in patients across various brain diseases, as well as potential neuroactive effects by which gut-derived SCFAs, p-cresol, indole derivatives and bacterial amyloids could impact disease development and progression. The findings summarized in this review could lead to further insights into the gut–brain–axis and thus into potential diagnostic, therapeutic or preventive strategies in brain diseases.
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35
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Advances in modelling the human microbiome-gut-brain axis in vitro. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:187-201. [PMID: 33544117 PMCID: PMC7924999 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome has emerged as a key player in the bidirectional communication of the gut–brain axis, affecting various aspects of homeostasis and pathophysiology. Until recently, the majority of studies that seek to explore the mechanisms underlying the microbiome–gut–brain axis cross-talk, relied almost exclusively on animal models, and particularly gnotobiotic mice. Despite the great progress made with these models, various limitations, including ethical considerations and interspecies differences that limit the translatability of data to human systems, pushed researchers to seek for alternatives. Over the past decades, the field of in vitro modelling of tissues has experienced tremendous growth, thanks to advances in 3D cell biology, materials, science and bioengineering, pushing further the borders of our ability to more faithfully emulate the in vivo situation. The discovery of stem cells has offered a new source of cells, while their use in generating gastrointestinal and brain organoids, among other tissues, has enabled the development of novel 3D tissues that better mimic the native tissue structure and function, compared with traditional assays. In parallel, organs-on-chips technology and bioengineered tissues have emerged as highly promising alternatives to animal models for a wide range of applications. Here, we discuss how recent advances and trends in this area can be applied in host–microbe and host–pathogen interaction studies. In addition, we highlight paradigm shifts in engineering more robust human microbiome-gut-brain axis models and their potential to expand our understanding of this complex system and hence explore novel, microbiome-based therapeutic approaches.
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36
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Singh P, Rawat A, Al-Jarrah B, Saraswathi S, Gad H, Elawad M, Hussain K, Hendaus MA, Al-Masri W, Malik RA, Al Khodor S, Akobeng AK. Distinctive Microbial Signatures and Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Pediatric Patients with Coeliac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041511. [PMID: 33546364 PMCID: PMC7913584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coeliac disease (CD) and Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are immune-mediated diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis in the gut microbiome plays a role in the pathogenesis of both diseases and may also be associated with the development of neuropathy. The primary goal in this cross-sectional pilot study was to identify whether there are distinct gut microbiota alterations in children with CD (n = 19), T1DM (n = 18) and both CD and T1DM (n = 9) compared to healthy controls (n = 12). Our second goal was to explore the relationship between neuropathy (corneal nerve fiber damage) and the gut microbiome composition. Microbiota composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Corneal confocal microscopy was used to determine nerve fiber damage. There was a significant difference in the overall microbial diversity between the four groups with healthy controls having a greater microbial diversity as compared to the patients. The abundance of pathogenic proteobacteria Shigella and E. coli were significantly higher in CD patients. Differential abundance analysis showed that several bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) distinguished CD from T1DM. The tissue transglutaminase antibody correlated significantly with a decrease in gut microbial diversity. Furthermore, the Bacteroidetes phylum, specifically the genus Parabacteroides was significantly correlated with corneal nerve fiber loss in the subjects with neuropathic damage belonging to the diseased groups. We conclude that disease-specific gut microbial features traceable down to the ASV level distinguish children with CD from T1DM and specific gut microbial signatures may be associated with small fiber neuropathy. Further research on the mechanisms linking altered microbial diversity with neuropathy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Singh
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar or (P.S.); (A.R.); (B.A.-J.)
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha 24404, Qatar
| | - Arun Rawat
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar or (P.S.); (A.R.); (B.A.-J.)
| | - Bara Al-Jarrah
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar or (P.S.); (A.R.); (B.A.-J.)
| | - Saras Saraswathi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar; (S.S.); (M.E.); (W.A.-M.); (A.K.A.)
| | - Hoda Gad
- Department Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar; (H.G.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Mamoun Elawad
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar; (S.S.); (M.E.); (W.A.-M.); (A.K.A.)
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Division of Endocrinology, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar;
| | | | - Wesam Al-Masri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar; (S.S.); (M.E.); (W.A.-M.); (A.K.A.)
| | - Rayaz A. Malik
- Department Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar; (H.G.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Souhaila Al Khodor
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar or (P.S.); (A.R.); (B.A.-J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anthony K. Akobeng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar; (S.S.); (M.E.); (W.A.-M.); (A.K.A.)
- Department Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar; (H.G.); (R.A.M.)
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37
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Munson E, Carroll KC. Summary of Novel Bacterial Isolates Derived from Human Clinical Specimens and Nomenclature Revisions Published in 2018 and 2019. J Clin Microbiol 2021; 59:e01309-20. [PMID: 32967902 PMCID: PMC8111135 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01309-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of novel prokaryotic taxon discovery and nomenclature revisions is of importance to clinical microbiology laboratory practice, infectious disease epidemiology, and studies of microbial pathogenesis. Relative to bacterial isolates derived from human clinical specimens, we present an in-depth summary of novel taxonomic designations and revisions to prokaryotic taxonomy that were published in 2018 and 2019. Included are several changes pertinent to former designations of or within Propionibacterium spp., Corynebacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Mycoplasma spp., Methylobacterium spp., and Enterobacteriaceae Future efforts to ascertain clinical relevance for many of these changes may be augmented by a document development committee that has been appointed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Munson
- College of Health Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Karen C Carroll
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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38
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Panikov NS. True and Illusory Benefits of Modeling: Comment on "Genome-Scale Metabolic Network Reconstruction and In Silico Analysis of Hexanoic Acid Producing Megasphaera elsdenii. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 539". Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111742. [PMID: 33172047 PMCID: PMC7694653 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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39
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Amelio I, Bertolo R, Bove P, Candi E, Chiocchi M, Cipriani C, Di Daniele N, Ganini C, Juhl H, Mauriello A, Marani C, Marshall J, Montanaro M, Palmieri G, Piacentini M, Sica G, Tesauro M, Rovella V, Tisone G, Shi Y, Wang Y, Melino G. Cancer predictive studies. Biol Direct 2020; 15:18. [PMID: 33054808 PMCID: PMC7557058 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-020-00274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of individual or clusters of predictive genetic alterations might help in defining the outcome of cancer treatment, allowing for the stratification of patients into distinct cohorts for selective therapeutic protocols. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial childhood tumour, clinically defined in five distinct stages (1–4 & 4S), where stages 3–4 define chemotherapy-resistant, highly aggressive disease phases. NB is a model for geneticists and molecular biologists to classify genetic abnormalities and identify causative disease genes. Despite highly intensive basic research, improvements on clinical outcome have been predominantly observed for less aggressive cancers, that is stages 1,2 and 4S. Therefore, stages 3–4 NB are still complicated at the therapeutic level and require more intense fundamental research. Using neuroblastoma as a model system, here we herein outline how cancer prediction studies can help at steering preclinical and clinical research toward the identification and exploitation of specific genetic landscape. This might result in maximising the therapeutic success and minimizing harmful effects in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivano Amelio
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Bertolo
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Bove
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Chiocchi
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Cipriani
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Ganini
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Marani
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - John Marshall
- Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Manuela Montanaro
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampiero Palmieri
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sica
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tisone
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Cuffaro B, Assohoun ALW, Boutillier D, Súkeníková L, Desramaut J, Boudebbouze S, Salomé-Desnoulez S, Hrdý J, Waligora-Dupriet AJ, Maguin E, Grangette C. In Vitro Characterization of Gut Microbiota-Derived Commensal Strains: Selection of Parabacteroides distasonis Strains Alleviating TNBS-Induced Colitis in Mice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092104. [PMID: 32947881 PMCID: PMC7565435 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the gut microbiota composition and diversity seem to play a role in the development of chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), leading to gut barrier disruption and induction of proinflammatory immune responses. This opens the door for the use of novel health-promoting bacteria. We selected five Parabacteroides distasonis strains isolated from human adult and neonates gut microbiota. We evaluated in vitro their immunomodulation capacities and their ability to reinforce the gut barrier and characterized in vivo their protective effects in an acute murine model of colitis. The in vitro beneficial activities were highly strain dependent: two strains exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory potential and restored the gut barrier while a third strain reinstated the epithelial barrier. While their survival to in vitro gastric conditions was variable, the levels of P. distasonis DNA were higher in the stools of bacteria-treated animals. The strains that were positively scored in vitro displayed a strong ability to rescue mice from colitis. We further showed that two strains primed dendritic cells to induce regulatory T lymphocytes from naïve CD4+ T cells. This study provides better insights on the functionality of commensal bacteria and crucial clues to design live biotherapeutics able to target inflammatory chronic diseases such as IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Cuffaro
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (B.C.); (D.B.); (J.D.)
- Institut Micalis, MIHA Team, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.L.W.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Aka L. W. Assohoun
- Institut Micalis, MIHA Team, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.L.W.A.); (S.B.)
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Microbiologie des Aliments, UFR en Sciences et Technologies des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan 00225, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Denise Boutillier
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (B.C.); (D.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Lenka Súkeníková
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Jérémy Desramaut
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (B.C.); (D.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Samira Boudebbouze
- Institut Micalis, MIHA Team, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.L.W.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Sophie Salomé-Desnoulez
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UMS 2014-PLBS, 59000 Lille, France;
| | - Jiří Hrdý
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (J.H.)
| | | | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Institut Micalis, MIHA Team, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.L.W.A.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (C.G.); Tel.: +33-681-151-925 (E.M.); +33-320-877-392 (C.G.)
| | - Corinne Grangette
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (B.C.); (D.B.); (J.D.)
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (C.G.); Tel.: +33-681-151-925 (E.M.); +33-320-877-392 (C.G.)
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Colombo D, Pnevmatikou P, Melloni E, Keywood C. Therapeutic innovation in Parkinson's disease: a 2020 update on disease-modifying approaches. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:1047-1064. [PMID: 32758042 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1800454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 10 million patients worldwide. Despite increasing improvements in disease management, a huge medical need still exists as its relentless progression cannot be delayed by current treatments. Therefore, scientists, clinicians, and pharmaceutical companies are hunting new drugs with 'disease-modifying' properties. AREAS COVERED This review concentrates on new therapeutics - excluding cell and gene therapies - under investigation for PD with 'disease-modifying' potential. This is a global, comprehensive picture of the current innovative drug pipeline, where the main preclinical and clinical data available are provided. Drug candidates presented include α-synuclein modulating agents, neuroprotective agents and neuroinflammation modulators, kinase modulators, neurotrophic factors, and drugs acting on emerging targets. EXPERT OPINION There is excitement for agents with 'disease-modifying' properties and the authors found more than 130 assets, not including cell and gene therapies under investigation - most of them still in preclinical development - meaning that the science is progressing multiple, diverse new opportunities. Many limitations hamper the successful development of these drug candidates such as the translational accuracy of preclinical models, the current clinical development paradigm as well as the lack of biomarkers to be used in diagnosis and therapy management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elsa Melloni
- Open R&D Department, Zambon S.p.A ., Bresso, Italy
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Oxidative Stress-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Disruption in Neurological Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/4356386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB), as a crucial gate of brain-blood molecular exchange, is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple neurological diseases. Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the scavenger system. Since oxidative stress plays a significant role in the production and maintenance of the BBB, the cerebrovascular system is especially vulnerable to it. The pathways that initiate BBB dysfunction include, but are not limited to, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, iron metabolism, cytokines, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, all converging on the generation of ROS. Interestingly, ROS also provide common triggers that directly regulate BBB damage, parameters including tight junction (TJ) modifications, transporters, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation, inflammatory responses, and autophagy. We will discuss the role of oxidative stress-mediated BBB disruption in neurological diseases, such as hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke (IS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This review will also discuss the latest clinical evidence of potential biomarkers and antioxidant drugs towards oxidative stress in neurological diseases. A deeper understanding of how oxidative stress damages BBB may open up more therapeutic options for the treatment of neurological diseases.
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