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Zhu Z, Zhong X, Wang B, Lu H, Li L. Probing Protein Structural Changes in Alzheimer's Disease via Quantitative Cross-linking Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7506-7515. [PMID: 38690851 PMCID: PMC11114074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder featuring abnormal protein aggregation in the brain, including the pathological hallmarks of amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau. Despite extensive research efforts, understanding the molecular intricacies driving AD development remains a formidable challenge. This study focuses on identifying key protein conformational changes associated with the progression of AD. To achieve this, we employed quantitative cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) to elucidate conformational changes in the protein networks in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). By using isotopically labeled cross-linkers BS3d0 and BS3d4, we reveal a dynamic shift in protein interaction networks during AD progression. Our comprehensive analysis highlights distinct alterations in protein-protein interactions within mild cognitive impairment (MCI) states. This study accentuates the potential of cross-linked peptides as indicators of AD-related conformational changes, including previously unreported site-specific binding between α-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) and complement component 3 (CO3). Furthermore, this work enables detailed structural characterization of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and reveals modifications within its helical domains, suggesting their involvement in MCI pathogenesis. The quantitative approach provides insights into site-specific interactions and changes in the abundance of cross-linked peptides, offering an improved understanding of the intricate protein-protein interactions underlying AD progression. These findings lay a foundation for the development of potential diagnostic or therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating the negative impact of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
| | - Xiaofang Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
| | - Haiyan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Lachman Institute for Pharmaceutical Development, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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2
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Deryusheva EI, Shevelyova MP, Rastrygina VA, Nemashkalova EL, Vologzhannikova AA, Machulin AV, Nazipova AA, Permyakova ME, Permyakov SE, Litus EA. In Search for Low-Molecular-Weight Ligands of Human Serum Albumin That Affect Its Affinity for Monomeric Amyloid β Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4975. [PMID: 38732194 PMCID: PMC11084196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
An imbalance between production and excretion of amyloid β peptide (Aβ) in the brain tissues of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients leads to Aβ accumulation and the formation of noxious Aβ oligomers/plaques. A promising approach to AD prevention is the reduction of free Aβ levels by directed enhancement of Aβ binding to its natural depot, human serum albumin (HSA). We previously demonstrated the ability of specific low-molecular-weight ligands (LMWLs) in HSA to improve its affinity for Aβ. Here we develop this approach through a bioinformatic search for the clinically approved AD-related LMWLs in HSA, followed by classification of the candidates according to the predicted location of their binding sites on the HSA surface, ranking of the candidates, and selective experimental validation of their impact on HSA affinity for Aβ. The top 100 candidate LMWLs were classified into five clusters. The specific representatives of the different clusters exhibit dramatically different behavior, with 3- to 13-fold changes in equilibrium dissociation constants for the HSA-Aβ40 interaction: prednisone favors HSA-Aβ interaction, mefenamic acid shows the opposite effect, and levothyroxine exhibits bidirectional effects. Overall, the LMWLs in HSA chosen here provide a basis for drug repurposing for AD prevention, and for the search of medications promoting AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia I. Deryusheva
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Marina P. Shevelyova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Victoria A. Rastrygina
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Ekaterina L. Nemashkalova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Alisa A. Vologzhannikova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Andrey V. Machulin
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Nauki, 5, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Alija A. Nazipova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Maria E. Permyakova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Sergei E. Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Litus
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
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Wang S, Xie S, Zheng Q, Zhang Z, Wang T, Zhang G. Biofluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1380237. [PMID: 38659704 PMCID: PMC11039951 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1380237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, with a complex pathogenesis and an irreversible course. Therefore, the early diagnosis of AD is particularly important for the intervention, prevention, and treatment of the disease. Based on the different pathophysiological mechanisms of AD, the research progress of biofluid biomarkers are classified and reviewed. In the end, the challenges and perspectives of future research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sensen Wang
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Sitan Xie
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qinpin Zheng
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Javanmard A, Azimzadeh-Irani M, Tafazzoli G, Esmaeilzadeh A, Shirinpoor-Kharf M, Haghayeghi SMH. In-silico structural analysis of Heterocephalus glaber amyloid beta: an anti-Alzheimer's peptide. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 13:29-42. [PMID: 38164365 PMCID: PMC10644309 DOI: 10.22099/mbrc.2023.48223.1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Heterocephalus glaber, known as the Naked mole-rat, has an extraordinary immunity to Alzheimer's disease. The pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is cerebral accumulations of plaques, consisting of self-aggregated amyloid beta peptides. Homo sapiens and H. glaber amyloid beta peptides are different in only one amino acid. Herein, computational structural analyses were carried out to determine whether plaque development in H. glaber is prevented by the replacement of His13 with Arg13 in the amyloid beta peptide. AlphaFold2 was used to predict the structure of the H. glaber amyloid beta peptide. HADDOCK and Hex were used to self-dock the peptides and dock ions on peptides, respectively. Illustrations were made by PyMol and ChimeraX. Using VMD, we calculated the radius of gyration. The phylogenetic analysis was conducted by Mega. The results showed an accurate structure with two alpha helices separated by a short coil for H. glaber. Self-docking of the two amyloid beta peptides demonstrated a globular conformation in the H. glaber dimer, implying the unlikeliness of amyloid beta peptides' self-aggregation to form fibrillar structures. This conformational state resulted in lower electrostatic energy compared to H. sapiens, contributing to H. glaber's lower tendency for fibril and, ultimately, plaque formation. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that amyloid precursor protein is highly conserved in each taxon of rodentia and primata. This study provides insight into the connection between the structure of H. glaber amyloid beta and its plaque formation properties, showing that the Arg13 in H. glaber leads to fibril instability, and might prevent senile plaque accumulation.
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Ramirez S, Koerich S, Astudillo N, De Gregorio N, Al-Lahham R, Allison T, Rocha NP, Wang F, Soto C. Plasma Exchange Reduces Aβ Levels in Plasma and Decreases Amyloid Plaques in the Brain in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17087. [PMID: 38069410 PMCID: PMC10706894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, characterized by the abnormal accumulation of protein aggregates in the brain, known as neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques. It is believed that an imbalance between cerebral and peripheral pools of Aβ may play a relevant role in the deposition of Aβ aggregates. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the removal of Aβ from blood plasma on the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain. We performed monthly plasma exchange with a 5% mouse albumin solution in the APP/PS1 mouse model from 3 to 7 months old. At the endpoint, total Aβ levels were measured in the plasma, and soluble and insoluble brain fractions were analyzed using ELISA. Brains were also analyzed histologically for amyloid plaque burden, plaque size distributions, and gliosis. Our results showed a reduction in the levels of Aβ in the plasma and insoluble brain fractions. Interestingly, histological analysis showed a reduction in thioflavin-S (ThS) and amyloid immunoreactivity in the cortex and hippocampus, accompanied by a change in the size distribution of amyloid plaques, and a reduction in Iba1-positive cells. Our results provide preclinical evidence supporting the relevance of targeting Aβ in the periphery and reinforcing the potential use of plasma exchange as an alternative non-pharmacological strategy for slowing down AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudio Soto
- Mitchell Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Brain Disorders, Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (N.A.); (N.D.G.); (R.A.-L.); (T.A.); (N.P.R.); (F.W.)
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Intrathecal Pseudodelivery of Drugs in the Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Rationale, Basis and Potential Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030768. [PMID: 36986629 PMCID: PMC10059785 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrathecal pseudodelivery of drugs is a novel route to administer medications to treat neurodegenerative diseases based on the CSF-sink therapeutic strategy by means of implantable devices. While the development of this therapy is still in the preclinical stage, it offers promising advantages over traditional routes of drug delivery. In this paper, we describe the rationale of this system and provide a technical report on the mechanism of action, that relies on the use of nanoporous membranes enabling selective molecular permeability. On one side, the membranes do not permit the crossing of certain drugs; whereas, on the other side, they permit the crossing of target molecules present in the CSF. Target molecules, by binding drugs inside the system, are retained or cleaved and subsequently eliminated from the central nervous system. Finally, we provide a list of potential indications, the respective molecular targets, and the proposed therapeutic agents.
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Rohrer L, Yunce M, Montine TJ, Shan H. Plasma Exchange in Alzheimer's Disease. Transfus Med Rev 2023; 37:10-15. [PMID: 36357257 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has traditionally been used to selectively remove pathologic contents including autoantibodies, abnormal proteins, immune complexes, or toxins from a patient's plasma. In addition to the removal of molecular contributors to disease, fluid replacement and infusion of beneficial plasma constituents including albumin can be tapered based on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of the offending disease. This treatment modality has shown efficacy in symptomatic relief and slowing of disease progression for various neurologic, immunologic, and hematologic diseases. This review outlines the rationale for TPE in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) through a potential mechanism leveraging the concentration gradient of amyloid β peptides and the infusion of albumin, and critically reviews the clinical evidence for treatment of AD using TPE and albumin replacement. This review also highlights potential sources of bias that must be considered in conjunction with the evidence of efficacy for the use of TPE in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Rohrer
- San Francisco, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Muharrem Yunce
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Hua Shan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Systematic search for peptide and protein ligands of human serum albumin capable of affecting its interaction with amyloid β peptide. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2022. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2022-7.5-1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a natural buffer of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), a key factor in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A promising approach to the AD prevention is to reduce the concentration of free Aβ by targeted stimulation of the interaction between HSA and Aβ. This approach can be implemented by increasing the affinity of HSA to Aβ through the action of HSA ligands, which was previously demonstrated for some low molecular weight ligands. The aim of the study was to search for peptide and protein ligands of human serum albumin capable of affecting its interaction with Aβ. Materials and methods. To perform a systematic search for peptides/proteins, HSA ligands that are capable of affecting Aβ-HSA interaction, we analyzed the DrugBank, BioGRID, and IntAct databases. As criteria for selecting candidates, along with physicochemical characteristics (molecular weight, solubility, blood-brain barrier passage, molar concentration), we used the requirements of extracellular proteins localization and strict association with AD, according to the DisGeNET and Open Targets Platform databases as well as Alzforum online resource. The algorithms for searching and analyzing the obtained data were implemented using the high-level programming language Python. Results. A candidate panel of 11 peptides and 34 proteins was formed. The most promising candidates include 4 peptides (liraglutide, exenatide, semaglutide, insulin detemir) and 4 proteins (S100A8, transferrin, C1 esterase inhibitor, cystatin C). Conclusions. Selected peptide and protein candidates are subject to experimental verification regarding their effect on the HSA-Aβ interaction and can become the basis for the development of first-in-class drugs for the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Anusha-Kiran Y, Mol P, Dey G, Bhat FA, Chatterjee O, Deolankar SC, Philip M, Prasad TSK, Srinivas Bharath MM, Mahadevan A. Regional heterogeneity in mitochondrial function underlies region specific vulnerability in human brain ageing: Implications for neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:34-57. [PMID: 36195160 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Selective neuronal vulnerability (SNV) of specific neuroanatomical regions such as frontal cortex (FC) and hippocampus (HC) is characteristic of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), although its pathogenetic basis remains unresolved. We hypothesized that physiological differences in mitochondrial function in neuroanatomical regions could contribute to SNV. To investigate this, we evaluated mitochondrial function in human brains (age range:1-90 y) in FC, striatum (ST), HC, cerebellum (CB) and medulla oblongata (MD), using enzyme assays and quantitative proteomics. Striking differences were noted in resistant regions- MD and CB compared to the vulnerable regions- FC, HC and ST. At younger age (25 ± 5 y), higher activity of electron transport chain enzymes and upregulation of metabolic and antioxidant proteins were noted in MD compared to FC and HC, that was sustained with increasing age (≥65 y). In contrast, the expression of synaptic proteins was higher in FC, HC and ST (vs. MD). In line with this, quantitative phospho-proteomics revealed activation of upstream regulators (ERS, PPARα) of mitochondrial metabolism and inhibition of synaptic pathways in MD. Microtubule Associated Protein Tau (MAPT) showed overexpression in FC, HC and ST both in young and older age (vs. MD). MAPT hyperphosphorylation and the activation of its kinases were noted in FC and HC with age. Our study demonstrates that regional heterogeneity in mitochondrial and other cellular functions contribute to SNV and protect regions such as MD, while rendering FC and HC vulnerable to NDDs. The findings also support the "last in, first out" hypothesis of ageing, wherein regions such as FC, that are the most recent to develop phylogenetically and ontogenetically, are the first to be affected in ageing and NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarlagadda Anusha-Kiran
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India; Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Praseeda Mol
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, White Field, Bangalore, 560066, India; Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, 690525, India
| | - Gourav Dey
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, White Field, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Firdous Ahmad Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, White Field, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Oishi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, White Field, Bangalore, 560066, India; Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, 690525, India
| | - Sayali Chandrashekhar Deolankar
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Mariamma Philip
- Department of Biostatistics, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India.
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India.
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India.
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Nanoporous Membranes for the Filtration of Proteins from Biological Fluids: Biocompatibility Tests on Cell Cultures and Suggested Applications for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195846. [PMID: 36233713 PMCID: PMC9571538 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease has a significant epidemiological and socioeconomic impact, and, unfortunately, the extensive research focused on potential curative therapies has not yet proven to be successful. However, in recent years, important steps have been made in the development and functionalization of nanoporous alumina membranes, which might be of great interest for medical use, including the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the aim of this article is to present the synthesis and biocompatibility testing of a special filtrating nano-membrane, which is planned to be used in an experimental device for Alzheimer's disease treatment. METHODS Firstly, the alumina nanoporous membrane was synthesized via the two-step anodizing process in oxalic acid-based electrolytes and functionalized via the atomic layer deposition technique. Subsequently, quality control tests (spectrophotometry and potential measurements), toxicity, and biocompatibility tests (cell viability assays) were conducted. RESULTS The proposed alumina nanoporous membrane proved to be efficient for amyloid-beta filtration according to the permeability studies conducted for 72 h. The proposed membrane has proven to be fully compatible with the tested cell cultures. CONCLUSIONS The proposed alumina nanoporous membrane model is safe and could be incorporated into implantable devices for further in vivo experiments and might be an efficient therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease.
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11
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Yang H, Li J, Li X, Ma L, Hou M, Zhou H, Zhou R. Based on molecular structures: Amyloid-β generation, clearance, toxicity and therapeutic strategies. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:927530. [PMID: 36117918 PMCID: PMC9470852 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.927530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) has long been considered as one of the most important pathogenic factors in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the specific pathogenic mechanism of Aβ is still not completely understood. In recent years, the development of structural biology technology has led to new understandings about Aβ molecular structures, Aβ generation and clearance from the brain and peripheral tissues, and its pathological toxicity. The purpose of the review is to discuss Aβ metabolism and toxicity, and the therapeutic strategy of AD based on the latest progress in molecular structures of Aβ. The Aβ structure at the atomic level has been analyzed, which provides a new and refined perspective to comprehend the role of Aβ in AD and to formulate therapeutic strategies of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yang
- Department of Neurology, Army Medical Center of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Linqiu Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Mingliang Hou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Huadong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Army Medical Center of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Zhou,
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Mahaman YAR, Embaye KS, Huang F, Li L, Zhu F, Wang JZ, Liu R, Feng J, Wang X. Biomarkers used in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 74:101544. [PMID: 34933129 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), being the number one in terms of dementia burden, is an insidious age-related neurodegenerative disease and is presently considered a global public health threat. Its main histological hallmarks are the Aβ senile plaques and the P-tau neurofibrillary tangles, while clinically it is marked by a progressive cognitive decline that reflects the underlying synaptic loss and neurodegeneration. Many of the drug therapies targeting the two pathological hallmarks namely Aβ and P-tau have been proven futile. This is probably attributed to the initiation of therapy at a stage where cognitive alterations are already obvious. In other words, the underlying neuropathological changes are at a stage where these drugs lack any therapeutic value in reversing the damage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to start treatment in the very early stage where these changes can be reversed, and hence, early diagnosis is of primordial importance. To this aim, the use of robust and informative biomarkers that could provide accurate diagnosis preferably at an earlier phase of the disease is of the essence. To date, several biomarkers have been established that, to a different extent, allow researchers and clinicians to evaluate, diagnose, and more specially exclude other related pathologies. In this study, we extensively reviewed data on the currently explored biomarkers in terms of AD pathology-specific and non-specific biomarkers and highlighted the recent developments in the diagnostic and theragnostic domains. In the end, we have presented a separate elaboration on aspects of future perspectives and concluding remarks.
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Benhamron S, Nitzan K, Valitsky M, Lax N, Karussis D, Kassis I, Rosenmann H. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Exchange Therapy with Artificial CSF Enriched with Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretions Ameliorates Cognitive Deficits and Brain Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:369-385. [PMID: 32474465 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high complexity of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the lack of effective treatments point to the need for a broader therapeutic approach to target multiple components involved in the disease pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE To test the efficacy of 'cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exchange therapy' in AD-mice. This novel therapeutic approach we recently proposed is based on the exchange of the endogenous pathogenic CSF with a new and healthy one by drainage of the endogenous CSF and its continuous replacement with artificial CSF (aCSF) enriched with secretions from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS We treated AD-mice (amyloid-beta injected) with MSC secretions-enriched-aCSF using an intracerebroventricular CSF exchange procedure. Cognitive and histological analysis were performed. RESULTS We show that the MSC secretions enriched CSF exchange therapy improved cognitive performance, paralleled with increased neuronal counts (NeuN positive cells), reduced astrocytic burden (GFAP positive cells), and increased cell proliferation and neurogenesis (Ki67 positive cells and DCX positive cells) in the hippocampus. This beneficial effect was noted on days 5-10 following 3-consecutive daily exchange treatments (3 hours a day). A stronger effect was noted using a more prolonged CSF exchange protocol (3-consecutive daily exchange treatments with 3 additional treatments twice weekly), with cognitive follow-up performed as early as 2-3 days after treatment. Some increase in hippocampal cell proliferation, but no change in the other histological parameters, was noticed when performing CSF exchange therapy using unenriched aCSF relative to untreated AD-mice, yet smaller than with the enriched aCSF treatment. CONCLUSION These findings point to the therapeutic potential of the CSF exchange therapy using MSC secretions-enriched aCSF in AD, and might be applied to other neurodegenerative and dementia diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Benhamron
- The Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Keren Nitzan
- The Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Valitsky
- The Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neta Lax
- The Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dimitrios Karussis
- The Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ibrahim Kassis
- The Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hanna Rosenmann
- The Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Nguyen TT, Ta QTH, Nguyen TKO, Nguyen TTD, Vo VG. Role of Body-Fluid Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10050326. [PMID: 32443860 PMCID: PMC7277970 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10050326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease that requires extremely specific biomarkers for its diagnosis. For current diagnostics capable of identifying AD, the development and validation of early stage biomarkers is a top research priority. Body-fluid biomarkers might closely reflect synaptic dysfunction in the brain and, thereby, could contribute to improving diagnostic accuracy and monitoring disease progression, and serve as markers for assessing the response to disease-modifying therapies at early onset. Here, we highlight current advances in the research on the capabilities of body-fluid biomarkers and their role in AD pathology. Then, we describe and discuss current applications of the potential biomarkers in clinical diagnostics in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Qui Thanh Hoai Ta
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Kim Oanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Thuy Dung Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (T.T.D.N.); (V.G.V.)
| | - Van Giau Vo
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea
- Department of BionanoTechnology, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.T.D.N.); (V.G.V.)
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