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Cheng S, Xia IF, Wanner R, Abello J, Stratman AN, Nicoli S. Hemodynamics regulate spatiotemporal artery muscularization in the developing circle of Willis. eLife 2024; 13:RP94094. [PMID: 38985140 PMCID: PMC11236418 DOI: 10.7554/elife.94094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) envelop vertebrate brain arteries and play a crucial role in regulating cerebral blood flow and neurovascular coupling. The dedifferentiation of VSMCs is implicated in cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Despite its importance, the process of VSMC differentiation on brain arteries during development remains inadequately characterized. Understanding this process could aid in reprogramming and regenerating dedifferentiated VSMCs in cerebrovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated VSMC differentiation on zebrafish circle of Willis (CoW), comprising major arteries that supply blood to the vertebrate brain. We observed that arterial specification of CoW endothelial cells (ECs) occurs after their migration from cranial venous plexus to form CoW arteries. Subsequently, acta2+ VSMCs differentiate from pdgfrb+ mural cell progenitors after they were recruited to CoW arteries. The progression of VSMC differentiation exhibits a spatiotemporal pattern, advancing from anterior to posterior CoW arteries. Analysis of blood flow suggests that earlier VSMC differentiation in anterior CoW arteries correlates with higher red blood cell velocity and wall shear stress. Furthermore, pulsatile flow induces differentiation of human brain PDGFRB+ mural cells into VSMCs, and blood flow is required for VSMC differentiation on zebrafish CoW arteries. Consistently, flow-responsive transcription factor klf2a is activated in ECs of CoW arteries prior to VSMC differentiation, and klf2a knockdown delays VSMC differentiation on anterior CoW arteries. In summary, our findings highlight blood flow activation of endothelial klf2a as a mechanism regulating initial VSMC differentiation on vertebrate brain arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Ivan Fan Xia
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Renate Wanner
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Javier Abello
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, United States
| | - Amber N Stratman
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, United States
| | - Stefania Nicoli
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
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Chen Z, Liu J, Wang A, Wu B, Cheng Z, Jiang Y, Gu H, Ding L, Mo J, Jiang Y, Liu L, Jing L, Jing J, Wang Y, Zhao X, Wang Y, Qin H, Li Z. Hemodynamic Impairment of Blood Pressure and Stroke Mechanisms in Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis. Stroke 2024; 55:1798-1807. [PMID: 38836360 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.046051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemodynamic impairment of blood pressure may play a crucial role in determining the mechanisms of stroke in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis). We aimed to elucidate this issue and assess the impacts of modifications to blood pressure on hemodynamic impairment. METHODS From the Third China National Stroke Registry III, computed fluid dynamics modeling was performed using the Newton-Krylov-Schwarz method in 339 patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis during 2015 to 2018. The major exposures were translesional systolic blood pressure (SBP) drop and poststenotic mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the major study outcomes were cortex-involved infarcts and borderzone-involved infarcts, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression models and the bootstrap resampling method were utilized, adjusting for demographics and medical histories. RESULTS In all, 184 (54.3%) cortex-involved infarcts and 70 (20.6%) borderzone-involved infarcts were identified. In multivariate logistic model, the upper quartile of SBP drop correlated with increased cortex-involved infarcts (odds ratio, 1.92 [95% CI, 1.03-3.57]; bootstrap analysis odds ratio, 2.07 [95% CI, 1.09-3.93]), and the lower quartile of poststenotic MAP may correlate with increased borderzone-involved infarcts (odds ratio, 2.07 [95% CI, 0.95-4.51]; bootstrap analysis odds ratio, 2.38 [95% CI, 1.04-5.45]). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a consistent upward trajectory of the relationship between translesional SBP drop and cortex-involved infarcts, while a downward trajectory between poststenotic MAP and borderzone-involved infarcts. SBP drop correlated with poststenotic MAP negatively (rs=-0.765; P<0.001). In generating hemodynamic impairment, simulating blood pressure modifications suggested that ensuring adequate blood pressure to maintain sufficient poststenotic MAP appears preferable to the reverse approach, due to the prolonged plateau period in the association between the translesional SBP drop and cortex-involved infarcts and the relatively short plateau period characterizing the correlation between poststenotic MAP and borderzone-involved infarcts. CONCLUSIONS This research elucidates the role of hemodynamic impairment of blood pressure in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related stroke mechanisms, underscoring the necessity to conduct hemodynamic assessments when managing blood pressure in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimo Chen
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Laboratory for Engineering and Scientific Computing, Institute of Advanced Computing and Digital Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (J.L., B.W., Z. Cheng), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Bokai Wu
- Laboratory for Engineering and Scientific Computing, Institute of Advanced Computing and Digital Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (J.L., B.W., Z. Cheng), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaiheng Cheng
- Laboratory for Engineering and Scientific Computing, Institute of Advanced Computing and Digital Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (J.L., B.W., Z. Cheng), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyu Jiang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases (Yingyu Jiang, H.G., Yongjun Wang, Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Hongqiu Gu
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases (Yingyu Jiang, H.G., Yongjun Wang, Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Lingling Ding
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Jinglin Mo
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Lina Jing
- Department of Radiology (L.J.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Xingquan Zhao
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases (Yingyu Jiang, H.G., Yongjun Wang, Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (Yongjun Wang, Z.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (Yongjun Wang, Z.L.)
| | - Haiqiang Qin
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Zixiao Li
- Department of Neurology (Z. Chen, A.W., L.D., J.M., L.L., J.J., Y.W., X.Z., Yilong Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (Z. Chen, A.W., Yingyu Jiang, H.G., L.D., J.M., Yong Jiang, L.L., J.J., Yilong Wang, X.Z., Yongjun Wang, H.Q., Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases (Yingyu Jiang, H.G., Yongjun Wang, Z.L.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (Yongjun Wang, Z.L.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (Yongjun Wang, Z.L.)
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Chen Z, Zheng Q, Tong Z, Huang X, Yu A. Numerical modelling of the interaction between dialysis catheter, vascular vessel and blood considering elastic structural deformation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2024; 40:e3811. [PMID: 38468441 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The dialysis catheter indwelling in human bodies has a high risk of inducing thrombus and stenosis. Biomechanical research showed that such physiological complications are triggered by the wall shear stress of the vascular vessel. This study aimed to assess the impact of CVC implantation on central venous haemodynamics and the potential alterations in the haemodynamic environment related to thrombus development. The SVC structure was built from the images from computed tomography. The blood flow was calculated using the Carreau model, and the fluid domain was determined by CFD. The vascular wall and the CVC were computed using FEA. The elastic interaction between the vessel wall and the flow field was considered using FSI simulation. With consideration of the effect of coupling, it was shown that the catheter vibrated in the vascular systems due to the periodic variation of blood pressure, with an amplitude of up to 10% of the vessel width. Spiral flow was observed along the catheter after CVC indwelling, and recirculation flow appeared near the catheter tip. High OSI and WSS regions occurred at the catheter tip and the vascular junction. The arterial lumen tip had a larger effect on the WSS and OSI values on the vascular wall. Considering FSI simulation, the movement of the catheter inside the blood flow was simulated in the deformable vessel. After CVC indwelling, spiral flow and recirculation flow were observed near the regions with high WSS and OSI values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Chen
- Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qijun Zheng
- Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhenbo Tong
- Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, China
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianchen Huang
- Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Aibing Yu
- Southeast University-Monash University Joint Research Institute, Suzhou, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Cheng S, Xia IF, Wanner R, Abello J, Stratman AN, Nicoli S. Hemodynamics regulate spatiotemporal artery muscularization in the developing circle of Willis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.01.569622. [PMID: 38077062 PMCID: PMC10705471 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.01.569622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) envelop vertebrate brain arteries, playing a crucial role in regulating cerebral blood flow and neurovascular coupling. The dedifferentiation of VSMCs is implicated in cerebrovascular diseases and neurodegeneration. Despite its importance, the process of VSMC differentiation on brain arteries during development remains inadequately characterized. Understanding this process could aid in reprogramming and regenerating differentiated VSMCs in cerebrovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated VSMC differentiation on the zebrafish circle of Willis (CoW), comprising major arteries that supply blood to the vertebrate brain. We observed that the arterial expression of CoW endothelial cells (ECs) occurs after their migration from the cranial venous plexus to form CoW arteries. Subsequently, acta2+ VSMCs differentiate from pdgfrb+ mural cell progenitors upon recruitment to CoW arteries. The progression of VSMC differentiation exhibits a spatiotemporal pattern, advancing from anterior to posterior CoW arteries. Analysis of blood flow suggests that earlier VSMC differentiation in anterior CoW arteries correlates with higher red blood cell velocity wall shear stress. Furthermore, pulsatile blood flow is required for differentiation of human brain pdgfrb+ mural cells into VSMCs as well as VSMC differentiation on zebrafish CoW arteries. Consistently, the flow-responsive transcription factor klf2a is activated in ECs of CoW arteries prior to VSMC differentiation, and klf2a knockdown delays VSMC differentiation on anterior CoW arteries. In summary, our findings highlight the role of blood flow activation of endothelial klf2a as a mechanism regulating the initial VSMC differentiation on vertebrate brain arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, 10 Amistad St, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ivan Fan Xia
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, 10 Amistad St, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Renate Wanner
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, 10 Amistad St, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Javier Abello
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amber N. Stratman
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stefania Nicoli
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, 10 Amistad St, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Huang K, Li H, Tu S, Du J, Yao W, Liu R, Han Y, Ye R, Suo S, Zhu W, Liu X. Angiography‑based quantitative flow ratio for functional assessment of intracranial atherosclerotic disease. EUROINTERVENTION 2024; 20:e312-e321. [PMID: 38436369 PMCID: PMC10905197 DOI: 10.4244/eij-d-23-00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS), an important cause of stroke, is associated with a considerable stroke recurrence rate despite optimal medical treatment. Further assessment of the functional significance of ICAS is urgently needed to enable individualised treatment and, thus, improve patient outcomes. AIMS We aimed to evaluate the haemodynamic significance of ICAS using the quantitative flow ratio (QFR) technique and to develop a risk stratification model for ICAS patients. METHODS Patients with moderate to severe stenosis of the middle cerebral artery, as shown on angiography, were retrospectively enrolled. For haemodynamic assessment, the Murray law-based QFR (μQFR) was performed on eligible patients. Multivariate logistic regression models composed of μQFR and other risk factors were developed and compared for the identification of symptomatic lesions. Based on the superior model, a nomogram was established and validated by calibration. RESULTS Among 412 eligible patients, symptomatic lesions were found in 313 (76.0%) patients. The μQFR outperformed the degree of stenosis in discriminating culprit lesions (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.726 vs 0.631; DeLong test p-value=0.001), and the model incorporating μQFR and conventional risk factors also performed better than that containing conventional risk factors only (AUC: 0.850 vs 0.827; DeLong test p-value=0.034; continuous net reclassification index=0.620, integrated discrimination improvement=0.057; both p<0.001). The final nomogram showed good calibration (p for Hosmer-Lemeshow test=0.102) and discrimination (C-statistic 0.850, 95% confidence interval: 0.812-0.883). CONCLUSIONS The μQFR was significantly associated with symptomatic ICAS and outperformed the angiographic stenosis severity. The final nomogram effectively discriminated symptomatic lesions and may provide a useful tool for risk stratification in ICAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangmo Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haotao Li
- Department of Neurology, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, Changshu, China
| | - Shengxian Tu
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihe Yao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfei Han
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiteng Suo
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wusheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Bai X, Wang S, Li N, Xu M, Chen JL, Qian YP, Wang TH. Role of Qufeng Tongqiao Prescription in the protection of cerebral ischemia and associated molecular network mechanism. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14475. [PMID: 38433560 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
To explore the of Qufeng Tongqiao Prescription in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) and associated molecular network mechanism. Venny diagram, gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI), hub genes mining, molecular docking, combined with animal experiments and Nissl stain were performed to determine the molecular network mechanism of Qufeng Tongqiao Prescription for CIR treatment. Fifty three intersecting genes between Qufeng Tongqiao Prescription and cerebral ischemia reperfusion were acquired from Venny analysis. GO analysis showed that the main biological process (BP) was response to lipopolysaccharide, and the main cell localization (CC) process was membrane raft, while the most important molecular function (MF) process is Cytokine receptor binding. Moreover, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications is the most important signaling pathway in KEGG pathway. Through molecular docking, it was found that Astragalus membranaceus was docked with MAPK14, IL4, FOS, IL6, and JUN; pueraria membranaceus was directly docked with JUN and IL4; Acorus acorus was linked to JUN and MAPK14; Ganoderma ganoderma and human were involved in JUN docking, and Ligusticum chuanqi and pueraria could not be docked with MAPK14, respectively. The results of animal experiments showed that Qufeng Tongqiao Prescription significantly improved behavioral performance and reduced the number of neuronal deaths in rats subjected to CIR, and molecular mechanisms are associated with FOS, IL-6, IL4, JUN, and MAPK14, of there, IL-6, as a vital candidator, which has been confirmed by immunostaining detection. Together, Qufeng Tongqiao Prescription has positive therapeutic effect on CIR, and the underlying mechanism is involved MAPK14, FOS, IL4, and JUN network, while IL-6 may be as a vital target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Department of Encephalopathy, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- Animal Center, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Anatomy, College of basic medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ji-Lin Chen
- Animal Center, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan-Ping Qian
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Animal Center, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Saba L, Scicolone R, Johansson E, Nardi V, Lanzino G, Kakkos SK, Pontone G, Annoni AD, Paraskevas KI, Fox AJ. Quantifying Carotid Stenosis: History, Current Applications, Limitations, and Potential: How Imaging Is Changing the Scenario. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:73. [PMID: 38255688 PMCID: PMC10821425 DOI: 10.3390/life14010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery stenosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The journey to understanding carotid disease has developed over time and radiology has a pivotal role in diagnosis, risk stratification and therapeutic management. This paper reviews the history of diagnostic imaging in carotid disease, its evolution towards its current applications in the clinical and research fields, and the potential of new technologies to aid clinicians in identifying the disease and tailoring medical and surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Roberta Scicolone
- Department of Radiology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Elias Johansson
- Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Valentina Nardi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Giuseppe Lanzino
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Stavros K. Kakkos
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Gianluca Pontone
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (A.D.A.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea D. Annoni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (A.D.A.)
| | | | - Allan J. Fox
- Department of Medical Imaging, Neuroradiology Section, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada;
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8
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Kizhisseri M, Gharaie S, Boopathy SR, Lim RP, Mohammadzadeh M, Schluter J. Differential sensitivities to blood pressure variations in internal carotid and intracranial arteries: a numerical approach to stroke prediction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22319. [PMID: 38102319 PMCID: PMC10724219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains a global health concern, necessitating early prediction for effective management. Atherosclerosis-induced internal carotid and intra cranial stenosis contributes significantly to stroke risk. This study explores the relationship between blood pressure and stroke prediction, focusing on internal carotid artery (ICA) branches: middle cerebral artery (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), and their role in hemodynamics. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) informed by the Windkessel model were employed to simulate patient-specific ICA models with introduced stenosis. Central to our investigation is the impact of stenosis on blood pressure, flow velocity, and flow rate across these branches, incorporating Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) analysis. Results highlight differential sensitivities to blood pressure variations, with M1 branch showing high sensitivity, ACA moderate, and M2 minimal. Comparing blood pressure fluctuations between ICA and MCA revealed heightened sensitivity to potential reverse flow compared to ICA and ACA comparisons, emphasizing MCA's role. Blood flow adjustments due to stenosis demonstrated intricate compensatory mechanisms. FFR emerged as a robust predictor of stenosis severity, particularly in the M2 branch. In conclusion, this study provides comprehensive insights into hemodynamic complexities within major intracranial arteries, elucidating the significance of blood pressure variations, flow attributes, and FFR in stenosis contexts. Subject-specific data integration enhances model reliability, aiding stroke risk assessment and advancing cerebrovascular disease understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhsin Kizhisseri
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Rd, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Saleh Gharaie
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Rd, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | | | | | | | - Jorg Schluter
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Rd, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
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9
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Yang W, Sam K, Qiao Y, Huang Z, Steinman DA, Wasserman BA. A Novel Window Into Human Vascular Remodeling and Diagnosing Carotid Flow Impairment: The Petro-Occipital Venous Plexus. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e031832. [PMID: 37830353 PMCID: PMC10757507 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Adaptive arterial remodeling caused by flow reduction from downstream stenosis has been demonstrated in animal studies. The authors sought to determine whether inward remodeling from downstream stenosis also occurs in humans and is detectable by ex vacuo expansion of the Rektorzik venous plexus (RVP) surrounding the petrous internal carotid artery. Methods and Results The authors analyzed 214 intracranial magnetic resonance imaging examinations that included contrast-enhanced vessel wall imaging. RVP symmetry was qualitatively assessed on vessel wall imaging. RVP thickness (RVPT) was measured on the thicker side if asymmetric or randomly assigned side if symmetric. Maximum stenosis (M1 or intracranial internal carotid artery) was measured. Posterior communicating artery and A1 diameters (>1.0 mm and 1.5 mm, respectively) defined adequate collateral outflow when proximal to the stenosis. Seventy-two patients had stenosis downstream from RVPT measurements. For those without adequate outflow (38 of 72), 95.0% with RVPT ≥1.0 mm had ≥50% stenosis compared with only 5.6% with RVPT <1.0 mm. For these 72 patients, higher RVPT (RVPT ≥1.0 mm versus <1.0 mm) and absent adequate outflow were associated with greater downstream stenosis (P<0.001) using multivariate regression. For patients with downstream stenosis without adequate outflow, asymmetric RVP thickening was associated with greater ipsilateral stenosis (P<0.001, all had ≥46% stenosis) when stenosis was unilateral and greater differences in stenosis between sides (P=0.005) when stenosis was bilateral. Conclusions Inward internal carotid artery remodeling measured by RVPT or RVP asymmetry occurs as downstream stenosis approaches 50%, unless flow is preserved through a sufficiently sized posterior communicating artery or A1, and may serve as a functional measure of substantial flow reduction from downstream stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Kevin Sam
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Ye Qiao
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological SciencesJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Zhongqing Huang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - David A. Steinman
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial EngineeringUniversity of TorontoCanada
| | - Bruce A. Wasserman
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological SciencesJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
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Li C, Yang W, Meng Y, Feng L, Sun L, Li Z, Liu X, Li M. Exploring the therapeutic mechanism of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in mild cognitive impairment and diabetes mellitus: a network pharmacology approach. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2315-2325. [PMID: 37556042 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing year by year. Clinical findings show that Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXD) can be combined to treat MCI and DM. However, the principle and mechanism of BXD in treating MCI and DM remain unclear. In this study, to explore the common mechanism of BXD in treating MCI and DM by using the method of network pharmacology. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) was used to screen the main active components of BXD, as well as to predict and screen its potential targets. Using Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), DisGeNET, GeneCards to select the target proteins of two diseases, and intersecting the drug target and the disease target to obtain the common target of drug diseases, which is imported into cytoscape software to draw the network diagram of "drug components-target diseases" and the interaction network diagram between the common target proteins. According to the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database, we analyzed the common targets using two methods, gene ontology Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) biological pathway enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis, as well as studied the interaction mechanism of the two diseases, with the results validated using molecular docking. A total of 267 main active components of BXD were screened, together with the two diseases shared 233 common targets. The top five key targets identified by the topological analysis were TP53, AKT1, STAT3, TNF, and MAPK3. Go enrichment results indicated that it was primarily related to response to drug, extracellular space, enzyme binding, RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, ligand-activated sequence-specific DNA binding. t KEGG enrichment pathway analysis identified 20 significant pathways, the majority of which are AGE-RAGE signaling pathways in diabetic complications, lipid and atherosclerosis, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and so on. The results of molecular docking revealed that the key components of BXD, baicalein, licochalcone a, quercetin, and naringenin, had strong binding ability with core targets TP53, AKT1, STAT3, TNF, MAPK3. BXD can treat MCI and DM by multi-targets and multi-channels,and plays a role of "homotherapy for heteropathy" mainly through response to drug, positive regulation of gene expression, extracellular space and enzyme binding and other ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of the Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yubo Meng
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of the Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lina Feng
- Neurology Department, Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of the Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of the Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenghong Li
- Research Department, Swiss University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bad Zurzach, Switzerland
| | - Xingfang Liu
- Research Department, Swiss University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bad Zurzach, Switzerland
| | - Mingquan Li
- Neurology Department, Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of the Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
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11
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Wu XB, Liu YA, Huang LX, Guo X, Cai WQ, Luo B, Wang SW. Hemodynamics combined with inflammatory indicators exploring relationships between ischemic stroke and symptomatic middle cerebral artery atherosclerotic stenosis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:378. [PMID: 37752519 PMCID: PMC10523698 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is a major cause of ischemic stroke, and high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) can be used to assess the plaque characteristics of ICAS. This study combined HR-VWI, hemodynamics, and peripheral blood inflammatory indicators to investigate the role of these factors in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS) and their inter-relationships. METHODS Patients diagnosed with atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery stenosis were recruited retrospectively from June 2018 to July 2022. Plaque enhancement was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, and the degree of plaque enhancement was graded according to the plaque-to-pituitary stalk contrast ratio (CR). Computational fluid dynamics models were constructed, and then hemodynamic parameters, including wall shear stress (WSS) and pressure ratio (PR), were measured and recorded. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors that can predict sICAS. In addition, the correlation analysis between the plaque characteristics on HR-VWI, hemodynamic parameters, and peripheral blood inflammatory indicators was performed to investigate the interrelationships between these factors. RESULTS Thirty-two patients were included. A higher proportion of plaque enhancement, maximum WSS, and WSS ratio (WSSR) were significantly associated with sICAS. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only the WSSR was an independent risk factor for sICAS. The correlation analysis revealed that both the CR and plaque burden showed linear positive correlation with the WSSR (R = 0.411, P = 0.022; R = 0.474, P = 0.007, respectively), and showed linear negative correlation with the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (R = 0.382, P = 0.031; R = 0.716, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The plaque enhancement and WSSR were significantly associated with sICAS, WSSR was an independent risk factor for sICAS. Plaque enhancement and plaque burden showed linear correlation with the WSSR and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). Hemodynamics and inflammation combined to promote plaque progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Ao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Li-Xin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Wang-Qing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Sheng-Wen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Tu WJ. Is the world of stroke research entering the Chinese era? Front Neurol 2023; 14:1189760. [PMID: 37213904 PMCID: PMC10196022 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1189760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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13
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Zhou M, Yu Y, Chen R, Liu X, Hu Y, Ma Z, Gao L, Jian W, Wang L. Wall shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1083547. [PMID: 37077735 PMCID: PMC10106633 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1083547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the major form of cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in countries around the world. Atherosclerosis combines the interactions of systemic risk factors, haemodynamic factors, and biological factors, in which biomechanical and biochemical cues strongly regulate the process of atherosclerosis. The development of atherosclerosis is directly related to hemodynamic disorders and is the most important parameter in the biomechanics of atherosclerosis. The complex blood flow in arteries forms rich WSS vectorial features, including the newly proposed WSS topological skeleton to identify and classify the WSS fixed points and manifolds in complex vascular geometries. The onset of plaque usually occurs in the low WSS area, and the plaque development alters the local WSS topography. low WSS promotes atherosclerosis, while high WSS prevents atherosclerosis. Upon further progression of plaques, high WSS is associated with the formation of vulnerable plaque phenotype. Different types of shear stress can lead to focal differences in plaque composition and to spatial variations in the susceptibility to plaque rupture, atherosclerosis progression and thrombus formation. WSS can potentially gain insight into the initial lesions of AS and the vulnerable phenotype that gradually develops over time. The characteristics of WSS are studied through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. With the continuous improvement of computer performance-cost ratio, WSS as one of the effective parameters for early diagnosis of atherosclerosis has become a reality and will be worth actively promoting in clinical practice. The research on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis based on WSS is gradually an academic consensus. This article will comprehensively review the systemic risk factors, hemodynamics and biological factors involved in the formation of atherosclerosis, and combine the application of CFD in hemodynamics, focusing on the mechanism of WSS and the complex interactions between WSS and plaque biological factors. It is expected to lay a foundation for revealing the pathophysiological mechanisms related to abnormal WSS in the progression and transformation of human atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yunfeng Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ruiyi Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xingci Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yilei Hu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiyan Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lingwei Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Weixiong Jian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- National Key Discipline of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Correspondence: Weixiong Jian Liping Wang
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine and Health Care, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
- Correspondence: Weixiong Jian Liping Wang
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Li S, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Gao Z, Liu Y, Li J, Gao X, Liu J, Liu H, Xu Q. Molecular Mechanism of the Role of Apigenin in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia: A Network Pharmacology Approach. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200308. [PMID: 36621947 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of apigenin (APG) on hyperlipidemia was investigated using network pharmacology combined with molecular docking strategy, and the potential targets of APG in the treatment of hyperlipidemia were explored. Genetic Ontology Biological Process (GOBP) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Pathway enrichment analysis of common targets were performed. Then, molecular docking was used to predict the binding mode of APG to the target. Finally, Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish a hyperlipidemia model. The expression levels of insulin (INS) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) mRNA in each group were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Network pharmacological studies revealed that the role of APG in the treatment of hyperlipidemia was through the regulation of INS, VEGFA, tumor necrosis factor, epidermal growth factor receptor, matrix metalloprotein 9, and other targets, as well as through the regulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway, fluid shear stress, and atherosclerosis signaling pathways, vascular permeability; APG also participated in the regulation of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism, and acted on vascular endothelial cells, and regulated vascular tone. Molecular docking showed that APG binds to the target with good efficiency. Experiments showed that after APG treatment, the expression levels of INS and VEGFA mRNA in the model group were significantly decreased (p<0.01). In conclusion, APG has multiple targets and affects pathways involved in the treatment of hyperlipidemia by regulating the HIF-1 signaling pathway, fluid shear stress, and the atherosclerosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Zizhao Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Zhengnan Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Gao
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yuai Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xingbang Gao
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Hanbing Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, P. R. China
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Woo HG, Kim HG, Lee KM, Ha SH, Jo H, Heo SH, Chang DI, Liebeskind DS, Kim BJ. Wall Shear Stress Associated with Stroke Occurrence and Mechanisms in Middle Cerebral Artery Atherosclerosis. J Stroke 2023; 25:132-140. [PMID: 36746383 PMCID: PMC9911838 DOI: 10.5853/jos.2022.02754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Various mechanisms are involved in the etiology of stroke caused by atherosclerosis of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Here, we compared differences in plaque nature and hemodynamic parameters according to stroke mechanism in patients with MCA atherosclerosis. METHODS Consecutive patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic MCA atherosclerosis (≥50% stenosis) were enrolled. MCA plaque characteristics (location and plaque enhancement) and wall shear stress (WSS) were measured using high-resolution vessel wall and four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging, respectively, at five points (initial, upstream, minimal lumen, downstream, and terminal). These parameters were compared between patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic MCA atherosclerosis with infarctions of different mechanisms (artery-to-artery embolism vs. local branch occlusion). RESULTS In total, 110 patients (46 asymptomatic, 32 artery-to-artery embolisms, and 32 local branch occlusions) were investigated. Plaques were evenly distributed in the MCA of patients with asymptomatic MCA atherosclerosis, more commonly observed in the distal MCA of patients with artery-to-artery embolism, and in the middle MCA of patients with local branch occlusion. Maximum WSS and plaque enhancement were more prominent in the minimum lumen area of patients with asymptomatic MCA atherosclerosis or those with local branch occlusion, and were more prominent in the upstream area in those with artery-to-artery embolism. The elevated variability in the maximum WSS was related to stroke caused by artery-to-artery embolism. CONCLUSION Stroke caused by artery-to-artery embolism was related to plaque enhancement and the highest maximum WSS at the upstream point of the plaque, and was associated with elevated variability of maximum WSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyug-Gi Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hee Ha
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - HangJin Jo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea
| | - Sung Hyuk Heo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-il Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - David S. Liebeskind
- Department of Neurology, University of California in Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bum Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea,Correspondence: Bum Joon Kim Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-958-8499 E-mail:
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Zhang K, Ren W, Li TX, Wang ZL, Gao BL, Xia JC, Gao HL, Wang YF, Gu JJ. Sub-satisfactory recanalization of severe middle cerebral artery stenoses can significantly improve hemodynamics. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:922616. [PMID: 36247480 PMCID: PMC9558820 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.922616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo investigate the effect of sub-satisfactory stent recanalization on hemodynamic stresses for severe stenoses of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) M 1 segment.Materials and methodsPatients with severe stenoses of the MCA M1 segment treated with endovascular stent angioplasty were retrospectively enrolled. Three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography before and after stenting was performed; the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of hemodynamic stresses at the stenosis and normal segments proximal and distal to the stenoses was analyzed.ResultsFifty-one patients with severe stenosis at the MCA M1 segment were enrolled, with the stenosis length ranging from 5.1 to 12.8 mm (mean 9 ± 3.3 mm). Stent angioplasty was successful in all (100%) the patients. The angiography immediately after stenting demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in MCA stenosis after comparison with before stenting (31.4 ±12.5% vs. 87.5 ± 9.6%), with residual stenosis of 15–30% (mean 22.4 ± 3.5%). Before stenting, the total pressure was significantly higher (P < 0.0001), while the WSS, velocity, and vorticity were all significantly decreased (P < 0.0001) at the normal arterial segment proximal to the stenosis, and the total pressure, WSS, velocity, and vorticity were all significantly decreased (P < 0.0001) at the normal arterial segment distal to the stenosis compared with those at the stenosis. After sub-satisfactory stenting recanalization, all the hemodynamic stresses proximal or distal to the stenosis and at the perforator root were improved compared with those before stenting and were similar to those after virtual stenosis removal.ConclusionSub-satisfactory recanalization of severe MCA stenoses can significantly improve the hemodynamic status for cerebral perfusion at the stenoses.
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17
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Song X, Qiu H, Wang S, Cao Y, Zhao J. Hemodynamic and Geometric Risk Factors for In-Stent Restenosis in Patients with Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6951302. [PMID: 35936215 PMCID: PMC9348934 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6951302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Methods Severe ICAS patients managed with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) were included in the retrospective cohort study and were divided into two groups according to whether ISR occurred at follow-up (ISR group and no-ISR group). Computational fluid dynamics models were built based on digital subtraction angiography before and after PTAS to simulate blood flow and quantify hemodynamic parameters. The associations between vessel geometry, hemodynamics, and ISR in ICAS patients were investigated. Results Among 39 patients, ISR occurred in seven patients (17.95%) after a mean follow-up period of 6.69 ± 3.24 months. Stenting decreased vessel angulation (51.11° [40.07°-67.27°] vs. 15.97° [0.00°-36.16°], P = 0.000) and vessel tortuosity (0.09 [0.06-0.13] vs. 0.01 [0.00-0.03], P = 0.000). Meanwhile, the translational pressure ratio (PR) dramatically increased (0.07 [0.00-0.31] vs. 0.62 [0.41-0.82], P = 0.000) with the wall shear stress ratio decreased (13.93 [8.37-40.30] vs. 2.90 [1.69-4.48], P = 0.000). In the multivariate analysis, smaller Δ tortuosity (P = 0.038) was independently associated with the occurrence of ISR, and smaller post-PTAS translesional PR was also a predictive factor of marginal significance (P = 0.059). Conclusion PTAS decreased vessel angulation, vessel tortuosity, and translesional wall shear stress ratio while it increased translesional pressure ratio (PR) dramatically in ICAS patients. Smaller Δ tortuosity was found to be a risk factor for ISR, and smaller post-PTAS translesional PR was also a predictive factor of marginal significance, indicating that both geometric and hemodynamic parameters played important roles in the occurrence of ISR after PTAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Hancheng Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
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18
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Li N, Sun J, Chen JL, Bai X, Wang TH. Gene Network Mechanism of Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu Capsule in Treating Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:912392. [PMID: 35873563 PMCID: PMC9302771 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.912392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule (ZLH) in the treatment of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury and determine the underlying molecular network mechanism. Methods: The treatment effect of Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule (ZLH) was evaluated for cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACO) rat, and the underlying molecular network mechanism was explored by using molecular network analysis based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics including protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), as well as molecular docking. Results: The neurological function of rats in the ZLH group was significantly improved compared to those in the NS group (p = 0.000), confirming the positive effect of ZLH for the treatment of brain ischemia. There were 126 intersecting genes screened in ischemia–reperfusion cerebrum that are associated with several important biological processes, such as lipopolysaccharide, and the most important cell component, such as raft, as well as the most important molecular function pointed as cytokine receptor binding. The most important KEGG signaling pathway was the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications. Moreover, according to the STRING interaction in the PPI network, 10 hub genes including MAPK14, FOS, MAPK1, JUN, MYC, RELA, ESR1, STAT1, AKT1, and IL6 were selected and exhibited in Cytoscape and molecular docking. Lastly, the relation between PPI, GO, and KEGG was analyzed. These findings indicated that multiple hub network genes have been involved in behavior improvement in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion rats subjected to ZLH treatment. Conclusion: Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule improves cerebral ischemia–reperfusion and is associated with multiple network gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Lin Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Encephalopathy, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ting-Hua Wang, ; Xue Bai,
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ting-Hua Wang, ; Xue Bai,
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19
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Szabo B, Gasz B, Fazekas LA, Varga A, Kiss-Papai L, Matolay O, Rezsabek Z, Al-Smadi MW, Nemeth N. Heterogeneous Maturation of Arterio-Venous Fistulas and Loop-Shaped Venous Interposition Grafts: A Histological and 3D Flow Simulation Comparison. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071508. [PMID: 35884813 PMCID: PMC9313372 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular graft maturation is associated with blood flow characteristics, such as velocity, pressure, vorticity, and wall shear stress (WSS). Many studies examined these factors separately. We aimed to examine the remodeling of arterio-venous fistulas (AVFs) and loop-shaped venous interposition grafts, together with 3D flow simulation. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into sham-operated, AVF, and loop-shaped venous graft (Loop) groups, using the femoral and superficial inferior epigastric vessels for anastomoses. Five weeks after surgery, the vessels were removed for histological evaluation, or plastic castings were made and scanned for 3D flow simulation. Remodeling of AVF and looped grafts was complete in 5 weeks. Histology showed heterogeneous morphology depending on the distribution of intraluminal pressure and WSS. In the Loop group, an asymmetrical WSS distribution coincided with the intima hyperplasia spots. The tunica media was enlarged only when both pressure and WSS were high. The 3D flow simulation correlated with the histological findings, identifying “hotspots” for intimal hyperplasia formation, suggesting a predictive value. These observations can be useful for microvascular research and for quality control in microsurgical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Szabo
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond u. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.S.); (L.A.F.); (A.V.); (Z.R.); (M.W.A.-S.)
| | - Balazs Gasz
- Department of Surgical Research and Techniques, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Szigeti u. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; (B.G.); (L.K.-P.)
| | - Laszlo Adam Fazekas
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond u. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.S.); (L.A.F.); (A.V.); (Z.R.); (M.W.A.-S.)
| | - Adam Varga
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond u. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.S.); (L.A.F.); (A.V.); (Z.R.); (M.W.A.-S.)
| | - Levente Kiss-Papai
- Department of Surgical Research and Techniques, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Szigeti u. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; (B.G.); (L.K.-P.)
| | - Orsolya Matolay
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Zsofia Rezsabek
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond u. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.S.); (L.A.F.); (A.V.); (Z.R.); (M.W.A.-S.)
| | - Mohammad W. Al-Smadi
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond u. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.S.); (L.A.F.); (A.V.); (Z.R.); (M.W.A.-S.)
| | - Norbert Nemeth
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond u. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.S.); (L.A.F.); (A.V.); (Z.R.); (M.W.A.-S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +36-52-416-915
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20
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Ong CW, Kumar GP, Zuo K, Koh LB, Charles CJ, Ho P, Leo HL, Cui F. A novel coating method to reduce membrane infolding through pre-crimping of covered stents – Computationaland experimental evaluation. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Chen Y, Liu J, Li M, Yu Y, Yan Z, Shiu W, Wu B, Cheng Z, Meng Y, Liu Y, Yuan W, Zhang Z, Xu W. Non-invasive assessment of intracranial wall shear stress using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in combination with computational fluid dynamics technique. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:329-334. [PMID: 38933160 PMCID: PMC11197499 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo studies on association between wall shear stress (WSS) and intracranial plaque are deficient. Based on the three-dimensional T1-weighted high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (3DT1 HR-MRI) data of patients with low-grade stenotic (<50%) atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery (MCA) and subjects with normal MCA, we built a three-dimensional reconstructed WSS model by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique. Three-dimensional registration of the CFD model to the HR-MRI was performed with projections based on the resolution and thickness of the images. The relationships between the WSS at each side of the vessel wall and plaque location were analyzed. A total of 94 MCA plaques from 43 patients and 50 normal MCAs were analyzed. In the normal MCAs, WSS was lower at the ventral-inferior wall than at the dorsal-superior wall (proximal segment, p < 0.001; middle segment, p < 0.001) and lower at the inner wall than at the outer wall of the MCA curve (p < 0.001). In atherosclerotic MCAs, similar low WSS regions were observed where plaques developed. The WSS ratio of the ventral-inferior wall to the dorsal-superior wall in atherosclerotic MCAs was lower than that in normal MCAs (p = 0.002). The WSSinner-outer ratio in atherosclerotic MCAs was lower than that in normal MCAs (p = 0.002). Low WSS was associated with MCA atherosclerosis formation and occurred mainly at the ventral-inferior wall, which was anatomically opposite the orifices of penetrating arteries, and at the inner wall of the MCA curve. Overall, the results were well consistent with the low WSS theory in atherosclerosis formation. The reconstructed WSS model is a promising novel method for assessing an individualized vascular profile once validated by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Chen
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing 100005, China
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Exascale Engineering and Scientific Computing, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mingli Li
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yannan Yu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing 100005, China
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, California 94305, United States
| | - Zhengzheng Yan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenshin Shiu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bokai Wu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zaiheng Cheng
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Straße 66421, Germany
| | - Weizhuang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zongmuyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Weihai Xu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing 100005, China
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22
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Huang K, Yao W, Du J, Wang F, Han Y, Chang Y, Liu R, Ye R, Zhu W, Tu S, Liu X. Functional Assessment of Cerebral Artery Stenosis by Angiography-Based Quantitative Flow Ratio: A Pilot Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:813648. [PMID: 35177976 PMCID: PMC8845469 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.813648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing attention has been paid to the hemodynamic evaluation of cerebral arterial stenosis. We aimed to demonstrate the performance of angiography-based quantitative flow ratio (QFR) to assess hemodynamic alterations caused by luminal stenoses, using invasive fractional pressure ratios (FPRs) as a reference standard. Methods Between March 2013 and December 2019, 29 patients undergoing the pressure gradient measurement of cerebral atherosclerosis were retrospectively enrolled. Wire-based FPR was defined by the arterial pressure distal to the stenotic lesion (Pd) to proximal (Pa) pressure ratios (Pd/Pa). FPR < 0.70 or FPR < 0.75 was assumed as hemodynamically significant stenosis. The new method of computing QFR from a single angiographic view, i.e., the Murray law-based QFR, was applied to the interrogated vessel. An artificial intelligence algorithm was developed to realize the automatic delineation of vascular contour. Results Fractional pressure ratio and QFR were assessed in 38 vessels from 29 patients. Excellent correlation and agreement were observed between QFR and FPR [r = 0.879, P < 0.001; mean difference (bias): −0.006, 95% limits of agreement: −0.198 to 0.209, respectively). Intra-observer and inter-observer reliability in QFR were excellent (intra-class correlation coefficients, 0.996 and 0.973, respectively). For predicting FPR < 0.70, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUC) of QFR was 0.946 (95% CI, 0.820 to 0.993%). The sensitivity and specificity of QFR < 0.70 for identifying FPR < 0.70 was 88.9% (95% CI, 65.3 to 98.6%) and 85.0% (95% CI, 62.1 to 96.8%). For predicting FPR < 0.75, QFR showed similar performance with an AUC equal to 0.926. Conclusion Computational QFR from a single angiographic view achieved comparable results to the wire-based FPR. The excellent diagnostic performance and repeatability empower QFR with high feasibility in the functional assessment of cerebral arterial stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangmo Huang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihe Yao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfei Han
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunxiao Chang
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Pulse Medical Imaging Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wusheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengxian Tu
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shengxian Tu,
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Xinfeng Liu,
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23
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Shen L, Zhou K, Liu H, Yang J, Huang S, Yu F, Huang D. Prediction of Mechanosensitive Genes in Vascular Endothelial Cells Under High Wall Shear Stress. Front Genet 2022; 12:796812. [PMID: 35087573 PMCID: PMC8787366 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.796812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques is among the leading cause of ischemic stroke. High wall shear stress (WSS) promotes the instability of atherosclerotic plaques by directly imparting mechanical stimuli, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear. We speculate that modulation of mechanosensitive genes may play a vital role in accelerating the development of plaques. The purpose of this study was to find mechanosensitive genes in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) through combining microarray data with bioinformatics technology and further explore the underlying dynamics–related mechanisms that cause the progression and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: Microarray data sets for human vascular ECs under high and normal WSS were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through the R language. The performance of enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network presented the biological function and signaling pathways of the DEGs. Hub genes were identified based on the PPI network and validated by GEO data sets. Predicted transcription factor (TF) genes and miRNAs interaction with potential mechanosensitive genes were identified by NetworkAnalyst. Results: A total of 260 DEGs, 121 upregulated and 139 downregulated genes, were screened between high and normal WSS from GSE23289. A total of 10 hub genes and four cluster modules were filtered out based on the PPI network. The enrichment analysis showed that the biological functions of the hub genes were mainly involved in responses to unfolded protein and topologically incorrect protein, and t to endoplasmic reticulum stress. The significant pathways associated with the hub genes were those of protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, antigen processing, and presentation. Three out of the 10 hub genes, namely, activated transcription factor 3 (ATF3), heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 6 (HSPA6), and dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1, also known as CL100, HVH1, MKP-1, PTPN10), were verified in GSE13712. The expression of DUSP1 was higher in the senescent cell under high WSS than that of the young cell. The TF–miRNA–mechanosensitive gene coregulatory network was constructed. Conclusion: In this work, we identified three hub genes, ATF3, HSPA6, and DUSP1, as the potential mechanosensitive genes in the human blood vessels. DUSP1 was confirmed to be associated with the senescence of vascular ECs. Therefore, these three mechanosensitive genes may have emerged as potential novel targets for the prediction and prevention of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the TF–miRNA–mechanosensitive genes coregulatory network reveals an underlying regulatory mechanism and the pathways to control disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaige Zhou
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuqi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tianyou Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongya Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Wu J, Wang P, Zhou L, Zhang D, Chen Q, Mao C, Su W, Huo Y, Peng J, Yin X, Chen G. Hemodynamics derived from computational fluid dynamics based on magnetic resonance angiography is associated with functional outcomes in atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery stenosis. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:688-698. [PMID: 34993111 DOI: 10.21037/qims-21-337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) vascular hyperintensity (FVH), hemodynamics, and functional outcome in atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model based on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), according to a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. METHODS A total of 120 patients with 50-99% atherosclerotic MCA stenosis were included. The training and internal validation groups were composed of 99 participants and 21 participants, respectively. Demographic, imaging data, and functional outcome (mRS at 3 months) were collected. Hemodynamic parameters were obtained from the CFD model. The FVH score was based on the number of territories where FVH is positive, according to the spatial distribution in the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS). The prediction models were constructed according to clinical and hemodynamic parameters using multivariate logistic analysis. The DeLong test compared areas under the curves (AUCs) of the models. RESULTS The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at admission, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, the ratio of wall shear stress before treatment (WSSRbefore), and difference in the ratio of wall shear stress (WSSR) were independently associated with functional outcome (all P<0.05). In the training group before treatment, the AUC of model 1a (only clinical variables) and 2a (clinical variables with addition of WSSRbefore) were 0.750 and 0.802. After treatment, the AUC of model 1b (only clinical variables) and 2b (clinical variables with addition of difference in WSSR) were 0.815 and 0.883, respectively. The AUC of models with hemodynamic parameters was significantly higher than the models based on clinical variables only (all P<0.05, DeLong test). In the internal validation group before treatment, the AUC of the model (clinical variables) was 0.782, and that of the model (clinical variables and WSSRbefore) was 0.800. After treatment, the AUC of the model (clinical variables) was 0.833, and that of the model (clinical variables and difference in WSSR) was 0.861. There were no significant differences between the good and the poor functional outcome group concerning FVHbefore scores before treatment (0.30±0.81 vs. 0.26±0.97; P=0.321) and FVHafter scores after treatment (0.08±0.39 vs. 0.00±0.00; P=0.244). CONCLUSIONS Hemodynamics was associated with functional outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke attributed to atherosclerotic MCA stenosis, while FVH was not. Hemodynamic parameters were of great importance in the prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Wu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leilei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunnan Mao
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Su
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingsong Huo
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Peng
- Intervention Department, Chenggong Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xindao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Liu H, Lan L, Abrigo J, Ip HL, Soo Y, Zheng D, Wong KS, Wang D, Shi L, Leung TW, Leng X. Comparison of Newtonian and Non-newtonian Fluid Models in Blood Flow Simulation in Patients With Intracranial Arterial Stenosis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:718540. [PMID: 34552505 PMCID: PMC8450390 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.718540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Newtonian fluid model has been commonly applied in simulating cerebral blood flow in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) cases using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, while blood is a shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid. We aimed to investigate the differences of cerebral hemodynamic metrics quantified in CFD models built with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid assumptions, in patients with ICAS. Methods We built a virtual artery model with an eccentric 75% stenosis and performed static CFD simulation. We also constructed CFD models in three patients with ICAS of different severities in the luminal stenosis. We performed static simulations on these models with Newtonian and two non-Newtonian (Casson and Carreau-Yasuda) fluid models. We also performed transient simulations on another patient-specific model. We measured translesional pressure ratio (PR) and wall shear stress (WSS) values in all CFD models, to reflect the changes in pressure and WSS across a stenotic lesion. In all the simulations, we compared the PR and WSS values in CFD models derived with Newtonian, Casson, and Carreau-Yasuda fluid assumptions. Results In all the static and transient simulations, the Newtonian/non-Newtonian difference on PR value was negligible. As to WSS, in static models (virtual and patient-specific), the rheological difference was not obvious in areas with high WSS, but observable in low WSS areas. In the transient model, the rheological difference of WSS areas with low WSS was enhanced, especially during diastolic period. Conclusion Newtonian fluid model could be applicable for PR calculation, but caution needs to be taken when using the Newtonian assumption in simulating WSS especially in severe ICAS cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Liu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Linfang Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jill Abrigo
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hing Lung Ip
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yannie Soo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dingchang Zheng
- Research Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Ka Sing Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Defeng Wang
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas W Leung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyi Leng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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26
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Schollenberger J, Osborne NH, Hernandez-Garcia L, Figueroa CA. A Combined Computational Fluid Dynamics and Arterial Spin Labeling MRI Modeling Strategy to Quantify Patient-Specific Cerebral Hemodynamics in Cerebrovascular Occlusive Disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:722445. [PMID: 34485260 PMCID: PMC8416094 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.722445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral hemodynamics in the presence of cerebrovascular occlusive disease (CVOD) are influenced by the anatomy of the intracranial arteries, the degree of stenosis, the patency of collateral pathways, and the condition of the cerebral microvasculature. Accurate characterization of cerebral hemodynamics is a challenging problem. In this work, we present a strategy to quantify cerebral hemodynamics using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in combination with arterial spin labeling MRI (ASL). First, we calibrated patient-specific CFD outflow boundary conditions using ASL-derived flow splits in the Circle of Willis. Following, we validated the calibrated CFD model by evaluating the fractional blood supply from the main neck arteries to the vascular territories using Lagrangian particle tracking and comparing the results against vessel-selective ASL (VS-ASL). Finally, the feasibility and capability of our proposed method were demonstrated in two patients with CVOD and a healthy control subject. We showed that the calibrated CFD model accurately reproduced the fractional blood supply to the vascular territories, as obtained from VS-ASL. The two patients revealed significant differences in pressure drop over the stenosis, collateral flow, and resistance of the distal vasculature, despite similar degrees of clinical stenosis severity. Our results demonstrated the advantages of a patient-specific CFD analysis for assessing the hemodynamic impact of stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Schollenberger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nicholas H Osborne
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Luis Hernandez-Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Functional MRI Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - C Alberto Figueroa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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27
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Li L, Yang B, Dmytriw AA, Wang T, Luo J, Li Y, Ma Y, Chen J, Wang Y, Gao P, Feng Y, Bai X, Zhang X, Dong J, Yang R, Jiao L, Ling F. Hemodynamic Versus Anatomic Assessment of Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis: the Relationship Between Pressure Wire Translesional Gradient and Angiographic Lesion Geometry. Front Neurol 2021; 12:671778. [PMID: 34456841 PMCID: PMC8385769 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.671778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intracranial cerebral atherosclerosis (ICAS) is a leading etiology of ischemic stroke. The diagnosis and assessment of intracranial stenosis are shifting from anatomic to hemodynamic for better risk stratification. However, the relationships between lesion geometry and translesional pressure gradient have not been clearly elucidated. Methods: Patients with symptomatic unifocal M1 middle cerebral artery (M1-MCA) stenosis were consecutively recruited. The translesional pressure gradient was measured with a pressure wire and was recorded as both mean distal/proximal pressure ratios (Pd/Pa) and translesional pressure difference (Pa–Pd). Lesion geometry measured on angiography was recorded as diameter stenosis, minimal lumen diameter, and lesion length. The correlations between pressure-derived and angiography-derived indices were then analyzed. Results: Forty-three patients were analyzed. A negative correlation was found between Pd/Pa and diameter stenosis (r = −0.371; p = 0.014) and between Pa – Pd and minimal lumen diameter (r = −0.507; p = 0.001). A positive correlation was found between Pd/Pa and minimal lumen diameter (r = 0.411; p = 0.006) and between Pa – Pd and diameter stenosis (r = 0.466; p = 0.002). Conclusions: In a highly selected ICAS subgroup, geometric indices derived from angiography correlate significantly with translesional pressure gradient indices. However, the correlation strength is weak-to-moderate, which implies that anatomic assessment could only partly reflect hemodynamic status. Translesional pressure gradient measured by pressure wire may serve as a more predictive marker of ICAS severity. More factors need to be identified in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Adam A Dmytriw
- Neuroradiology & Neurointervention Service, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yabing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Dong
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Renjie Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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28
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Pavlin-Premrl D, Boopathy SR, Nemes A, Mohammadzadeh M, Monajemi S, Ko BS, Campbell BCV. Computational Fluid Dynamics in Intracranial Atherosclerosis - Lessons from Cardiology: A Review of CFD in Intracranial Atherosclerosis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:106009. [PMID: 34343837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial atherosclerosis is a common cause of stroke with a high recurrence rate. Haemodynamically significant lesions are associated with a particularly high risk of recurrence. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a tool that has been investigated to identify haemodynamically significant lesions. CFD in the intracranial vasculature benefits from the precedent set by cardiology, where CFD is an established clinical tool. This precedent is particularly important in CFD as models are very heterogenous. There are many decisions-points in the model-creation process, usually involving a trade-off between computational expense and accuracy. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to review published CFD models in intracranial atherosclerosis and compare them to those used in cardiology. METHODS A systematic search for all published computational fluid dynamics models applied to intracranial atherosclerosis was performed. Each study was analysed as regards to the different steps in creating a fluid dynamics model and findings were compared with established cardiology CFD models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 38 papers were screened and 12 were included in the final analysis. There were important differences between coronary and intracranial atherosclerosis models in the following areas: area of interest segmented, use of transient models vs steady-state models, boundary conditions, methods for solving the fluid dynamics equations and validation. These differences may be high-yield areas to explore for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Pavlin-Premrl
- Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | - Andras Nemes
- SeeMode Technologies, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Brian S Ko
- Monash Heart, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce C V Campbell
- Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
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29
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Meng Y, Zhang C, Liang L, Wei L, Wang H, Zhou F, Li R, Zou D, Huang X, Liu J. Identification of Potential Key Genes Involved in the Carotid Atherosclerosis. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1071-1084. [PMID: 34140767 PMCID: PMC8203271 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s312941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Carotid atherosclerosis is a kind of systemic atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries. However, the efficiency of treatment is insufficient. Therefore, it is urgent to find therapeutic targets and deepen the understanding of carotid atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods In this study, we analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between atheroma plaque and macroscopically intact tissue (control samples). Furthermore, we performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis based on the DEGs. Four methods were used to identify the hub genes in the protein–protein interaction networks of the DEGs. Furthermore, we also performed network module analysis to reveal carotid atherosclerosis-related gene modules and biological functions. Results The enrichment results showed that the biological functions were related to inflammation, immunity, chemokine and cell adhesion molecule, such as PIK-Akt signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and B cell receptor signaling pathway. In addition, we screened the hub genes. A total of 16 up-regulated genes (C3AR1, CCR1, CCR2, CD33, CD53, CXCL10, CXCL8, CXCR4, CYBB, FCER1G, FPR2, ITGAL, ITGAM, ITGAX, ITGB2, and LILRB2) were identified as hub genes. A total of 5 gene modules were obtained. We found that biological functions obtained for each cluster were mostly related to immunity, chemokines and cell adhesion molecules. Conclusion The present study identified key DEGs in atheroma plaque compared with control samples. The key genes involved in the development of carotid atherosclerosis may provide valuable therapeutic targets for carotid atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youshi Meng
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lucong Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengkun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjie Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Zou
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
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30
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Liu Y, Jiang G, Wang F, An X. Quantitative Assessment of Changes in Hemodynamics After Obliteration of Large Intracranial Carotid Aneurysms Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Front Neurol 2021; 12:632066. [PMID: 33995243 PMCID: PMC8116698 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.632066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It was speculated that the alteration of the geometry of the artery might lead to hemodynamic changes of distal arteries. This study was to investigate the hemodynamic changes of distal arterial trees, and to identify the factors accounting for hyperperfusion after the obliteration of large intracranial aneurysms. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data of 12 patients with intracranial carotid aneurysms. Parametric models with intracranial carotid aneurysm were created. Patient-specific geometries were generated by three-dimensional rotational angiography. To mimic the arterial geometries after complete obliteration of the aneurysms, the aneurysms were virtually removed. The Navier–Stokes equations were solved using ANSYS CFX 14. The average wall shear stress, pressure and flow velocity were measured. Results: Pressure ratio values were significantly higher in A1 segments, M1 segments, and M2 + M3 segments after obliteration of the aneurysms (p = 0.048 in A1 segments, p = 0.017 in M1 segments, p = 0.001 in M2 + M3 segments). Velocity ratio values were significantly higher in M1 segments and M2 + M3 segments after obliteration of the aneurysms (p = 0.047 in M1 segments, p = 0.046 in M2 + M3 segments). The percentage of pressure ratio increase after obliteration of aneurysms was significantly correlated with aneurysmal angle (r = 0.739, p = 0.006 for M2 + M3). Conclusions: The pressure and flow velocity of distal arterial trees became higher after obliteration of aneurysms. The angle between the aneurysm and the parent artery was the factor accounting for pressure increase after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guinan Jiang
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiangbo An
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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31
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Ngo MT, Lee UY, Ha H, Jin N, Chung GH, Kwak YG, Jung J, Kwak HS. Comparison of Hemodynamic Visualization in Cerebral Arteries: Can Magnetic Resonance Imaging Replace Computational Fluid Dynamics? J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040253. [PMID: 33808514 PMCID: PMC8066205 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A multimodality approach was applied using four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI), time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) signal intensity gradient (SIG), and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the 3D blood flow characteristics and wall shear stress (WSS) of the cerebral arteries. TOF-MRA and 4D flow MRI were performed on the major cerebral arteries in 16 healthy volunteers (mean age 34.7 ± 7.6 years). The flow rate measured with 4D flow MRI in the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, and anterior cerebral artery were 3.8, 2.5, and 1.2 mL/s, respectively. The 3D blood flow pattern obtained through CFD and 4D flow MRI on the cerebral arteries showed reasonable consensus. CFD delivered much greater resolution than 4D flow MRI. TOF-MRA SIG and CFD WSS of the major cerebral arteries showed reasonable consensus with the locations where the WSS was relatively high. However, the visualizations were very different between TOF-MRA SIG and CFD WSS at the internal carotid artery bifurcations, the anterior cerebral arteries, and the anterior communicating arteries. 4D flow MRI, TOF-MRA SIG, and CFD are complementary methods that can provide additional insight into the hemodynamics of the human cerebral artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tri Ngo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeon-ju 54907, Korea; (M.T.N.); (G.H.C.); (Y.G.K.)
| | - Ui Yun Lee
- Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeon-ju 54896, Korea;
| | - Hojin Ha
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Ning Jin
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Chicago, IL 60089, USA;
| | - Gyung Ho Chung
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeon-ju 54907, Korea; (M.T.N.); (G.H.C.); (Y.G.K.)
| | - Yeong Gon Kwak
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeon-ju 54907, Korea; (M.T.N.); (G.H.C.); (Y.G.K.)
| | - Jinmu Jung
- Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeon-ju 54896, Korea;
- Hemorheology Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Jeon-ju 54896, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (H.S.K.); Tel.: +82-63-270-3998 (J.J.); +82-63-250-2582 (H.S.K.)
| | - Hyo Sung Kwak
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeon-ju 54907, Korea; (M.T.N.); (G.H.C.); (Y.G.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (H.S.K.); Tel.: +82-63-270-3998 (J.J.); +82-63-250-2582 (H.S.K.)
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32
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Sharma N, Sastry S, Sankovic JM, Kadambi JR, Banerjee RK. Influence of near-wall PIV data on recirculation hemodynamics in a patient-specific moderate stenosis: Experimental-numerical comparison. Biorheology 2020; 57:53-76. [PMID: 33185583 DOI: 10.3233/bir-201001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recirculation zones within the blood vessels are known to influence the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Quantification of recirculation parameters with accuracy remains subjective due to uncertainties in measurement of velocity and derived wall shear stress (WSS). OBJECTIVE The primary aim is to determine recirculation height and length from PIV experiments while validating with two different numerical methods: finite-element (FE) and -volume (FV). Secondary aim is to analyze how FE and FV compare within themselves. METHODS PIV measurements were performed to obtain velocity profiles at eight cross sections downstream of stenosis at flow rate of 200 ml/min. WSS was obtained by linear/quadratic interpolation of experimental velocity measurements close to wall. RESULTS Recirculation length obtained from PIV technique was 1.47 cm and was within 2.2% of previously reported in-vitro measurements. Derived recirculation length from PIV agreed within 6.8% and 8.2% of the FE and FV calculations, respectively. For lower shear rate, linear interpolation with five data points results in least error. For higher shear rate either higher order (quadratic) interpolation with five data points or lower order (linear) with lesser (three) data points leads to better results. CONCLUSION Accuracy of the recirculation parameters is dependent on number of near wall PIV data points and the type of interpolation algorithm used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sudeep Sastry
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Jaikrishnan R Kadambi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rupak K Banerjee
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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33
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Hemodynamic Changes in the Carotid Artery after Infusion of Normal Saline Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10070473. [PMID: 32664658 PMCID: PMC7400695 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10070473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To study the effect of the infusion of normal saline on hemodynamic changes in healthy volunteers using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Methods: Eight healthy subjects participated and 16 carotid arteries were used for the CFD analysis. A one-liter intravenous infusion of normal saline was applied to the participants to observe the hemodynamic variations. Blood viscosity was measured before and after the injection of normal saline to apply the blood properties on the CFD modeling. Blood viscosity, shear rate, and wall shear stress were visually and quantitatively shown for the comparison between before and after the infusion of normal saline. Statistical analyses were performed to confirm the difference between the before and after groups. Results: After the infusion of normal saline, decreased blood viscosity was observed in the whole carotid artery. At the internal carotid artery, the recirculation zone with low intensity was found after the injection of normal saline. Increased shear rate and reduced wall shear stress was observed at the carotid bifurcation and internal carotid artery. The hemodynamic differences between before and after groups were statistically significant. Conclusions: The infusion of normal saline affected not only the overall changes of blood flow in the carotid artery but also the decrease of blood viscosity.
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