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Yang G, Dong Q, Yang H, Wang F, Chen L, Tang J, Huang G, Zhao Y. Changes Observed in Potential Key Candidate Genes of Peripheral Immunity Induced by Tai Chi among Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101863. [PMID: 36292747 PMCID: PMC9601924 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor dysfunction. Although the inhibition of inflammation by Tai Chi has been demonstrated to involve a peripheral cytokine response and may play an important role in improving the motor function of PD patients, the related specific molecular mechanisms of the peripheral immune response to Tai Chi are not fully understood. The microarray dataset ‘GSE124676’ for the peripheral immune response to Tai Chi of PD patients was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and analyzed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A total of 136 DEGs were found in the PD patients after Tai Chi, suggesting an effect of Tai Chi on the peripheral immunity of PD patients. The DEGs are mainly involved in neutrophil activation, T-cell activation, and NOD-like receptor and IL-17 signaling pathways. Furthermore, six key candidate genes (FOS, FOSB, JUNB, ZFP36, CAMP and LCN2) that are involved in peripheral inflammation and the inhibition of inflammation induced by Tai Chi were observed. The results in the present study could be conducive to comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanism involved in the effect of Tai Chi on peripheral inflammation in PD patients and providing novel targets for future advanced research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Physical Education Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200042, China
| | - Qun Dong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huixin Yang
- Institute of Nation Traditional Sports, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute of Nation Traditional Sports, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Linwei Chen
- Institute of Nation Traditional Sports, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Junze Tang
- Institute of Nation Traditional Sports, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Guoyuan Huang
- Pott College of Science, Engineering and Education, University of Southern Indiana, Indiana, IN 47712, USA
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Zhao
- Physical Education Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200042, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (Y.Z.)
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de Almeida EJR, Ibrahim HJ, Chitolina Schetinger MR, de Andrade CM, Cardoso AM. Modulation of Inflammatory Mediators and Microglial Activation Through Physical Exercise in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3221-3240. [PMID: 35962936 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory process in the central nervous system (CNS), in addition to being one of the main features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Microglia are known for their immune functions and have multiple reactive phenotypes related to the types of stages involving neurodegenerative diseases. Depending on the state of activation of microglia in the CNS, it can be neuroprotective or neurotoxic. In this context, AD is a neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disease characterized by the deposition of beta-amyloid plaques, formation of fibrillar tangles of tau protein, and loss of neurons due to neurotoxic activation of microglia. However, PD is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and accumulation of alpha-synuclein in the cortical regions, spinal cord, and brain stem, which occurs by microglial activation, contributing to the neuroinflammatory process. In this aspect, the activation of microglia in both pathologies triggers high levels of inflammatory markers, such as interleukins, and causes the neuroinflammatory process of the diseases. Thus, physical exercise is pointed out as neuroprotective, as it can act to strengthen neurogenesis and reduce the inflammatory process. Therefore, the present review addresses the neuroprotective effect of microglia after different types of physical exercise protocols and evaluates the activity and effects of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory parameters and mechanisms of AD and PD. This review will discuss the anti-inflammatory effects of physical exercise through microglia activation with neuroprotective activity and the role of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Department of Small Animal Clinic, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria-RS, Room 121, Veterinary Hospital Building, Avenue Roraima No. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Cardoso
- Graduate Program in Physical Education From Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences From Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, SC, 89815-899, Brazil.
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Karaaslan Z, Kahraman ÖT, Şanlı E, Ergen HA, Ulusoy C, Bilgiç B, Yılmaz V, Tüzün E, Hanağası HA, Küçükali Cİ. Inflammation and regulatory T cell genes are differentially expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Parkinson's disease patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2316. [PMID: 33504893 PMCID: PMC7841172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81961-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and healthy controls by microarray technology and analysis of related molecular pathways by functional annotation. Thirty PD patients and 30 controls were enrolled. Agilent Human 8X60 K Oligo Microarray was used for gene level expression identification. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were used for functional annotation of DEGs. Protein–protein interaction analyses were performed with STRING. Expression levels of randomly selected DEGs were quantified by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for validation. Flow cytometry was done to determine frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in PBMC. A total of 361 DEGs (143 upregulated and 218 downregulated) were identified after GeneSpring analysis. DEGs were involved in 28 biological processes, 12 cellular components and 26 molecular functions. Pathway analyses demonstrated that upregulated genes mainly enriched in p53 (CASP3, TSC2, ATR, MDM4, CCNG1) and PI3K/Akt (IL2RA, IL4R, TSC2, VEGFA, PKN2, PIK3CA, ITGA4, BCL2L11) signaling pathways. TP53 and PIK3CA were identified as most significant hub proteins. Expression profiles obtained by RT-PCR were consistent with microarray findings. PD patients showed increased proportions of CD49d+ Tregs, which correlated with disability scores. Survival pathway genes were upregulated putatively to compensate neuronal degeneration. Bioinformatics analysis showed an association between survival and inflammation genes. Increased CD49d+ Treg ratios might signify the effort of the immune system to suppress ongoing neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerrin Karaaslan
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Timirci Kahraman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Şanlı
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Arzu Ergen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Ulusoy
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Başar Bilgiç
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vuslat Yılmaz
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdem Tüzün
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haşmet Ayhan Hanağası
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem İsmail Küçükali
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Paoletti M, Muzic SI, Marchetti F, Farina LM, Bastianello S, Pichiecchio A. Differential imaging of atypical demyelinating lesions of the central nervous system. Radiol Med 2021; 126:827-842. [PMID: 33486703 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-021-01334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The detection of atypical and sometimes aggressive or tumefactive demyelinating lesions of the central nervous system often poses difficulties in the differential diagnosis. The clinical presentation is generally aspecific, related to the location and similar to a number of different lesions, including neoplasms and other intracranial lesions with mass effect. CSF analysis may also be inconclusive, especially for lesions presenting as a single mass at onset. As a consequence, a brain biopsy is frequently performed for characterization. Advanced MRI imaging plays an important role in directing the diagnosis, reducing the rate of unnecessary biopsies and allowing a prompt start of therapy that is often crucial, especially in the case of infratentorial lesions. In this review, the main pattern of presentation of atypical inflammatory demyelinating diseases is discussed, with particular attention on the differential diagnosis and how to adequately define the correct etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Paoletti
- Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center, Neuroradiology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, PV, Italy.
| | | | | | - Lisa Maria Farina
- Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center, Neuroradiology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Stefano Bastianello
- Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center, Neuroradiology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, PV, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pichiecchio
- Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center, Neuroradiology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, PV, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Bacanoiu MV, Mititelu RR, Danoiu M, Olaru G, Buga AM. Functional Recovery in Parkinson's Disease: Current State and Future Perspective. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113413. [PMID: 33114424 PMCID: PMC7692963 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most frequent neurodegenerative disorders, affecting not only the motor function but also limiting the autonomy of affected people. In the last decade, the physical exercises of different intensities carried out by kinetic therapeutic activities, by robotic technologies or with the participation of sensory cues, have become increasingly appreciated in the management of Parkinson’s disease impairments. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the impact of physical exercises with and without physical devices on the motor and cognitive variables of PD patients. In order to achieve our objectives, we performed a systematic review of available original articles based on the impact of kinetic therapeutic activity. Through the search strategy, we selected original papers that were laboriously processed using characteristics related to physical therapy, or the tools used in physiological and psychological rehabilitation strategies for PD patients. In this study, we presented the most current intervention techniques in the rehabilitation programs of patients with Parkinson’s disease, namely the use of assisted devices, virtual imagery or the performing of physical therapies that have the capacity to improve walking deficits, tremor and bradykinesia, to reduce freezing episodes of gait and postural instability, or to improve motor and cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Violeta Bacanoiu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, University of Craiova, 200207 Craiova, Romania; (M.D.); (G.O.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.V.B.); (A.M.B.); Tel.: +40-0351-443-500 (A.M.B.)
| | - Radu Razvan Mititelu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; or
| | - Mircea Danoiu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, University of Craiova, 200207 Craiova, Romania; (M.D.); (G.O.)
| | - Gabriela Olaru
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, University of Craiova, 200207 Craiova, Romania; (M.D.); (G.O.)
| | - Ana Maria Buga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; or
- Correspondence: (M.V.B.); (A.M.B.); Tel.: +40-0351-443-500 (A.M.B.)
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