1
|
Konczak J, Bhaskaran D, Elangovan N, Oh J, Goding GS, Watson PJ. Effects of an 11-week vibro-tactile stimulation treatment on voice symptoms in laryngeal dystonia. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1403050. [PMID: 38872829 PMCID: PMC11169659 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1403050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Laryngeal dystonia is a task-specific focal dystonia of laryngeal muscles that impairs speech and voice production. At present, there is no cure for LD. The most common therapeutic option for patients with LD involves Botulinum neurotoxin injections. Objective Provide empirical evidence that non-invasive vibro-tactile stimulation (VTS) of the skin over the voice box can provide symptom relief to those affected by LD. Methods Single-group 11-week randomized controlled trial with a crossover between two dosages (20 min of VTS once or 3 times per week) self-administered in-home in two 4-week blocks. Acute effects of VTS on voice and speech were assessed in-lab at weeks 1, 6 and 11. Participants were randomized to receive either 40 Hz or 100 Hz VTS. Main outcome measures Primary: smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) of the voice signal to quantify voice and speech abnormalities, and perceived speech effort (PSE) ranked by participants as a measure of voice effort (scale 1-10). Secondary: number of voice breaks during continuous speech, the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) inventory as a measure of overall disease severity and the Voice Handicap Index 30-item self report. Results Thirty-nine people with a confirmed diagnosis of adductor-type LD (mean [SD] age, 60.3 [11.3] years; 18 women and 21 men) completed the study. A single application of VTS improved voice quality (median CPPS increase: 0.41 dB, 95% CI [0.20, 0.61]) and/or reduced voice effort (PSE) by at least 30% in up to 57% of participants across the three study visits. Effects lasted from less than 30 min to several days. There was no effect of dosage and no evidence that the acute therapeutic effects of VTS increased or decreased longitudinally over the 11-week study period. Both 100 and 40 Hz VTS induced measurable improvements in voice quality and speech effort. VTS induced an additional benefit to those receiving Botulinum toxin. Participants, not receiving Botulinum treatment also responded to VTS. Conclusion This study provides the first systematic empirical evidence that the prolonged use of laryngeal VTS can induce repeatable acute improvements in voice quality and reductions of voice effort in LD. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03746509.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Konczak
- Human Sensorimotor Control Laboratory, School of Kinesiology and Center for Clinical Movement Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Divya Bhaskaran
- Human Sensorimotor Control Laboratory, School of Kinesiology and Center for Clinical Movement Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Naveen Elangovan
- Human Sensorimotor Control Laboratory, School of Kinesiology and Center for Clinical Movement Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jinseok Oh
- Human Sensorimotor Control Laboratory, School of Kinesiology and Center for Clinical Movement Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - George S. Goding
- Department of Otolaryngology and Fairview Lion’s Voice Clinic, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Peter J. Watson
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Benli ET, Avci Ş, Öğün MN. Feel it or deal with it: Oral perception and aspiration risk in early stroke. J Oral Rehabil 2023; 50:217-222. [PMID: 36533879 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensation and perception impairments are significant problems faced by individuals with early-stage stroke. Sensory inputs needed in swallowing guide the perceptual process with the involvement of cognitive functions. In the absence of sensory input, bolus perception may be altered, and swallowing safety may be compromised. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the oral perception of volume change and the aspiration risk of individuals with stroke and determine the relationship between oral perception and aspiration risk. METHODS Total participants were 35. The Gugging Swallowing Screening Test (GUSS) was used to determine individuals' risk of aspiration and divide them into groups 'aspiration risk' and 'non-aspiration risk'. The Oral Perception of Liquid Volume Changes Test (OPLVCT) was used to determine the level of oral perception. RESULTS The groups were statistically similar in terms of age and other descriptives. When the OPLVC test was examined, the scores of the aspiration risk group were significantly lower (p < .001). In addition, a moderate negative correlation was found between aspiration risk and the OPLVC scores (r: -0.502; p < .001). CONCLUSION In this study, a relationship was found between aspiration risk and oral perception. It also revealed that individuals with stroke who are at risk of aspiration have low oral perception abilities. Based on these results, it was concluded that these individuals cannot reliably determine the maximum volume of liquid to be consumed without assistance. We suggest that evaluations and training of oral perception should be added to the rehabilitation of individuals with stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enes Tayyip Benli
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Avci
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Nur Öğün
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Butchereit K, Manzini M, Polatajko HJ, Lin JP, McClelland VM, Gimeno H. Harnessing cognitive strategy use for functional problems and proposed underlying mechanisms in childhood-onset dystonia. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2022; 41:1-7. [PMID: 36108454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a significant gap in knowledge about rehabilitation techniques and strategies that can help children and young people with hyperkinetic movement disorders (HMD) including dystonia to successfully perform daily activities and improve overall participation. A promising approach to support skill acquisition is the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention. CO-OP uses cognitive strategies to help patients generate their own solutions to overcome self-identified problems encountered in everyday living. PURPOSE 1. To identify and categorize strategies used by children with HMD to support skill acquisition during CO-OP; 2. To review the possible underlying mechanisms that might contribute to the cognitive strategies, in order to facilitate further studies for developing focused rehabilitation approaches. METHODS A secondary analysis was performed on video-recorded data from a previous study exploring the efficacy of CO-OP for childhood onset HMD, in which CO-OP therapy sessions were delivered by a single occupational therapist. For the purpose of this study, we reviewed a total of 40 randomly selected hours of video footage of CO-OP sessions delivered to six participants (age 6-19 years) over ten intervention sessions. An observational recording sheet was applied to identify systematically the participants' or therapist's verbalizations of cognitive strategies during the therapy. The strategies were classified into six categories in line with published literature. RESULTS Strategies used by HMD participants included distraction, externally focussed attention, internally focussed attention, emotion self-regulation, motor imagery and mental self-guidance. We postulate different underlying working mechanisms for these strategies, which have implications for the therapeutic management of children and young people with HMD including dystonia. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive strategy training can fundamentally change and improve motor performance. On-going work will address both the underlying neural mechanisms of therapeutic change and the mediators and moderators that influence how change unfolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailee Butchereit
- University of Toronto, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Manzini
- University of Toronto, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Toronto, Canada
| | - Helene J Polatajko
- University of Toronto, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Lin
- Complex Motor Disorders Service, Paediatric Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Women and Children's Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Verity M McClelland
- Complex Motor Disorders Service, Paediatric Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Women and Children's Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Hortensia Gimeno
- Complex Motor Disorders Service, Paediatric Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital and Tower Hamlets Community Therapy Services, London, UK; Wolfson Institute of Population Medicine, Preventive Neurology Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mao Y, Gao Z, Yang H, Song C. Influence of proprioceptive training based on ankle-foot robot on improving lower limbs function in patients after a stroke. Front Neurorobot 2022; 16:969671. [PMID: 36386387 PMCID: PMC9643575 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2022.969671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Proprioception is important for our everyday activity, as it indicates the position, movement, and force on the body. This is important not only for ambulation but also for patients who are diagnosed with stroke. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the influence of proprioceptive training on lower limb function in patients after a stroke using an ankle-foot robot. Method In total, 60 adult participants who met the criteria were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group (RG) was given regular physical activity, and the sensory training group (SG) was given proprioceptive training based on an ankle-foot robot, the rest being the same as RG. Measurements for 10-meter walking time (10MWT), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Fugl-Meyer assessment of lower extremity (FMA-LE), and active range of motion (AROM), passive range of motion (PROM), and ankle joint sensitivity before and after 6 weeks of treatment (30 sessions; five times per week) were assessed. Results There was a significant decrease in both 10MWT and ankle joint sensitivity in both groups (p < 0.05), while there was a significant increase in BBS, FMA-LE, AROM, and PROM in both groups (p < 0.05). A significant relationship was identified between the two groups, the SG group had greater degrees of improvement compared to the RG group. Conclusion The proprioceptive training based on an ankle-foot robot could improve proprioception and effectively improve the motor function and walking ability in patients after a stroke. Proprioceptive strength training is recommended to be emphasized in the regular rehabilitation of patients after a stroke.
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu M, Qi S, Calhoun V, Dai J, Yu B, Zhang K, Pei M, Li C, Wei Y, Jiang R, Zhi D, Huang Z, Qiu Z, Liang Z, Sui J. Aberrant brain functional and structural developments in MECP2 duplication rats. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105838. [PMID: 35985556 PMCID: PMC9631682 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic animal models with homologous etiology provide a promising way to pursue the neurobiological substrates of the behavioral deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Gain-of-function mutations of MECP2 cause MECP2 duplication syndrome, a severe neurological disorder with core symptoms of ASD. However, abnormal brain developments underlying the autistic-like behavioral deficits of MECP2 duplication syndrome are rarely investigated. To this end, a human MECP2 duplication (MECP2-DP) rat model was created by the bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic method. Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high-field were performed on 16 male MECP2-DP rats and 15 male wildtype rats at postnatal 28 days, 42 days, and 56 days old. Multimodal fusion analyses guided by locomotor-relevant metrics and social novelty time separately were applied to identify abnormal brain networks associated with diverse behavioral deficits induced by MECP2 duplication. Aberrant functional developments of a core network primarily composed of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSP) were detected to associate with diverse behavioral phenotypes in MECP2-DP rats. Altered developments of gray matter volume were detected in the hippocampus and thalamus. We conclude that gain-of-function mutations of MECP2 induce aberrant functional activities in the default-mode-like network and aberrant volumetric changes in the brain, resulting in autistic-like behavioral deficits. Our results gain critical insights into the biomarker of MECP2 duplication syndrome and the neurobiological underpinnings of the behavioral deficits in ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shile Qi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia State University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jiankun Dai
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kaiwei Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Mengchao Pei
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chenjian Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yusheng Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rongtao Jiang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dongmei Zhi
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhifeng Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Jing Sui
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hou Y, Zhang L, Wei Q, Ou R, Yang J, Gong Q, Shang H. Impaired Topographic Organization in Patients With Idiopathic Blepharospasm. Front Neurol 2022; 12:708634. [PMID: 35095707 PMCID: PMC8791229 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.708634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic blepharospasm (BSP) is a common adult-onset focal dystonia. Neuroimaging technology can be used to visualize functional and microstructural changes of the whole brain. Method: We used resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and graph theoretical analysis to explore the functional connectome in patients with BSP. Altogether 20 patients with BSP and 20 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in the study. Measures of network topology were calculated, such as small-world parameters (clustering coefficient [C p], the shortest path length [L p]), network efficiency parameters (global efficiency [E glob], local efficiency [E loc]), and the nodal parameter (nodal efficiency [E nod]). In addition, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was adopted to determine the most critical imaging features, and the classification model using critical imaging features was constructed. Results: Compared with HCs, the BSP group showed significantly decreased E loc. Imaging features of nodal centrality (E nod) were entered into the LASSO method, and the classification model was constructed with nine imaging nodes. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.995 (95% CI: 0.973-1.000), and the sensitivity and specificity were 95% and 100%, respectively. Specifically, four imaging nodes within the sensorimotor network (SMN), cerebellum, and default mode network (DMN) held the prominent information. Compared with HCs, the BSP group showed significantly increased E nod in the postcentral region within the SMN, decreased E nod in the precentral region within the SMN, increased E nod in the medial cerebellum, and increased E nod in the precuneus within the DMN. Conclusion: The network model in BSP showed reduced local connectivity. Baseline connectomic measures derived from rs-fMRI data may be capable of identifying patients with BSP, and regions from the SMN, cerebellum, and DMN may provide key insights into the underlying pathophysiology of BSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Hou
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Davis M, Wang Y, Bao S, Buchanan JJ, Wright DL, Lei Y. The Interactions Between Primary Somatosensory and Motor Cortex during Human Grasping Behaviors. Neuroscience 2021; 485:1-11. [PMID: 34848261 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Afferent inputs to the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) are differentially processed during precision and power grip in humans. However, it remains unclear how S1 interacts with the primary motor cortex (M1) during these two grasping behaviors. To address this question, we measured short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI), reflecting S1-M1 interactions via thalamo-cortical pathways, using paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during precision and power grip. The TMS coil over the hand representation of M1 was oriented in the posterior-anterior (PA) and anterior-posterior (AP) direction to activate distinct sets of corticospinal neurons. We found that SAI increased during precision compared with power grip when AP, but not PA, currents were applied. Notably, SAI tested in the AP direction were similar during two-digit than five-digit precision grip. The M1 receives movement information from S1 through direct cortico-cortical pathways, so intra-hemispheric S1-M1 interactions using dual-site TMS were also evaluated. Stimulation of S1 attenuated M1 excitability (S1-M1 inhibition) during precision and power grip, while the S1-M1 inhibition ratio remained similar across tasks. Taken together,our findings suggest that distinct neural mechanisms for S1-M1 interactions mediate precision and power grip, presumably by modulating neural activity along thalamo-cortical pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madison Davis
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Yiyu Wang
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Shancheng Bao
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - John J Buchanan
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - David L Wright
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Yuming Lei
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Feng C, Jiang W, Xiao Y, Liu Y, Pang L, Liang M, Tang J, Lu Y, Wei J, Li W, Lei Y, Guo W, Luo S. Comparing Brain Functional Activities in Patients With Blepharospasm and Dry Eye Disease Measured With Resting-State fMRI. Front Neurol 2021; 12:607476. [PMID: 34777188 PMCID: PMC8578056 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.607476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Blepharospasm (BSP) and dry eye disease (DED) are clinically common diseases characterized by an increased blinking rate. A sustained eyelid muscle activity may alter the cortical sensorimotor concordance and lead to secondary functional changes. This study aimed to explore the central mechanism of BSP by assessing brain functional differences between the two groups and comparing them with healthy controls. Methods: In this study, 25 patients with BSP, 22 patients with DED, and 23 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was applied to analyze the imaging data. Results: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed widespread differences in ALFF across the three groups. In comparison with healthy controls, patients with BSP showed abnormal ALFF in the sensorimotor integration related-brain regions, including the bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA), left cerebellar Crus I, left fusiform gyrus, bilateral superior medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), and right superior frontal gyrus (SFG). In comparison with patients with DED, patients with BSP exhibited a significantly increased ALFF in the left cerebellar Crus I and left SMA. ALFF in the left fusiform gyrus/cerebellar Crus I was positively correlated with symptomatic severity of BSP. Conclusions: Our results reveal that the distinctive changes in the brain function in patients with BSP are different from those in patients with DED and healthy controls. The results further emphasize the primary role of sensorimotor integration in the pathophysiology of BSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changqiang Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenyan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yousheng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lulu Pang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Meilan Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingqun Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yulin Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Wenmei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiwu Lei
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuguang Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ionta S. Visual Neuropsychology in Development: Anatomo-Functional Brain Mechanisms of Action/Perception Binding in Health and Disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:689912. [PMID: 34135745 PMCID: PMC8203289 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.689912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vision is the main entrance for environmental input to the human brain. Even if vision is our most used sensory modality, its importance is not limited to environmental exploration. Rather it has strong links to motor competences, further extending to cognitive and social aspects of human life. These multifaceted relationships are particularly important in developmental age and become dramatically evident in presence of complex deficits originating from visual aberrancies. The present review summarizes the available neuropsychological evidence on the development of visual competences, with a particular focus on the associated visuo-motor integration skills in health and disease. With the aim of supporting future research and interventional settings, the goal of the present review is to constitute a solid base to help the translation of neuropsychological hypotheses into straightforward empirical investigations and rehabilitation/training protocols. This approach will further increase the impact, ameliorate the acceptance, and ease the use and implementation of lab-derived intervention protocols in real-life situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Ionta
- Sensory-Motor Lab (SeMoLa), Department of Ophthalmology-University of Lausanne, Jules Gonin Eye Hospital-Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shih PC, Steele CJ, Nikulin VV, Gundlach C, Kruse J, Villringer A, Sehm B. Alpha and beta neural oscillations differentially reflect age-related differences in bilateral coordination. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 104:82-91. [PMID: 33979705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bilateral in-phase (IP) and anti-phase (AP) movements represent two fundamental modes of bilateral coordination that are essential for daily living. Although previous studies have shown that aging is behaviorally associated with decline in bilateral coordination, especially in AP movements, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we use kinematic measurements and electroencephalography to compare motor performance of young and older adults executing bilateral IP and AP hand movements. On the behavioral level, inter-limb synchronization was reduced during AP movements compared to IP and this reduction was stronger in the older adults. On the neural level, we found interactions between group and condition for task-related power change in different frequency bands. The interaction was driven by smaller alpha power decreases over the non-dominant cortical motor area in young adults during IP movements and larger beta power decreases over the midline region in older adults during AP movements. In addition, the decrease in inter-limb synchronization during AP movements was predicted by stronger directional connectivity in the beta-band: an effect more pronounced in older adults. Our results therefore show that age-related differences in the two bilateral coordination modes are reflected on the neural level by differences in alpha and beta oscillatory power as well as interhemispheric directional connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Cheng Shih
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Christopher J Steele
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vadim V Nikulin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia; Neurophysics Group, Department of Neurology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Gundlach
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanna Kruse
- Department of General Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Sehm
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Voxel-Wise Brain-Wide Functional Connectivity Abnormalities in Patients with Primary Blepharospasm at Rest. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:6611703. [PMID: 33505457 PMCID: PMC7808842 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6611703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary blepharospasm (BSP) is one of the most common focal dystonia and its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. An unbiased method was used in patients with BSP at rest to observe voxel-wise brain-wide functional connectivity (FC) changes. Method A total of 48 subjects, including 24 untreated patients with BSP and 24 healthy controls, were recruited to undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The method of global-brain FC (GFC) was adopted to analyze the resting-state fMRI data. We designed the support vector machine (SVM) method to determine whether GFC abnormalities could be utilized to distinguish the patients from the controls. Results Relative to healthy controls, patients with BSP showed significantly decreased GFC in the bilateral superior medial prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex (MPFC/ACC) and increased GFC in the right postcentral gyrus/precentral gyrus/paracentral lobule, right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and left paracentral lobule/supplement motor area (SMA), which were included in the default mode network (DMN) and sensorimotor network. SVM analysis showed that increased GFC values in the right postcentral gyrus/precentral gyrus/paracentral lobule could discriminate patients from controls with optimal accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of 83.33%, 83.33%, and 83.33%, respectively. Conclusion This study suggested that abnormal GFC in the brain areas associated with sensorimotor network and DMN might underlie the pathophysiology of BSP, which provided a new perspective to understand BSP. GFC in the right postcentral gyrus/precentral gyrus/paracentral lobule might be utilized as a latent biomarker to differentiate patients with BSP from controls.
Collapse
|
12
|
The effect of handedness on mental rotation of hands: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2021; 85:2829-2881. [PMID: 33389042 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-020-01444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Body-specific mental rotation is thought to rely upon internal representations of motor actions. Handedness is a source of distinctly different motor experience that shapes the development of such internal representations. Yet, the influence of handedness upon hand mental rotation has never been systematically evaluated. Five databases were searched for studies evaluating hand left/right judgement tasks in adults. Two independent reviewers performed screening, data extraction, and critical appraisal. Eighty-seven datasets were included, with 72 datasets pooled; all had unclear/high risk of bias. Meta-analyses showed that right-handers were faster, but not more accurate, than left-handers at hand mental rotation. A unique effect of handedness was found on performance facilitation for images corresponding to the dominant hand. Meta-analyses showed that right-handers were quicker at identifying images of right hands than left hands-a dominance advantage not evident in left-handers. Differing hand representations (more lateralised hand dominance in right-handers) likely underpin these findings. Given potential differences between hand preference and motor performance, future research exploring their distinct contributions to mental rotation is warranted.
Collapse
|
13
|
Hyperactive sensorimotor cortex during voice perception in spasmodic dysphonia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17298. [PMID: 33057071 PMCID: PMC7566443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is characterized by an involuntary laryngeal muscle spasm during vocalization. Previous studies measured brain activation during voice production and suggested that SD arises from abnormal sensorimotor integration involving the sensorimotor cortex. However, it remains unclear whether this abnormal sensorimotor activation merely reflects neural activation produced by abnormal vocalization. To identify the specific neural correlates of SD, we used a sound discrimination task without overt vocalization to compare neural activation between 11 patients with SD and healthy participants. Participants underwent functional MRI during a two-alternative judgment task for auditory stimuli, which could be modal or falsetto voice. Since vocalization in falsetto is intact in SD, we predicted that neural activation during speech perception would differ between the two groups only for modal voice and not for falsetto voice. Group-by-stimulus interaction was observed in the left sensorimotor cortex and thalamus, suggesting that voice perception activates different neural systems between the two groups. Moreover, the sensorimotor signals positively correlated with disease severity of SD, and classified the two groups with 73% accuracy in linear discriminant analysis. Thus, the sensorimotor cortex and thalamus play a central role in SD pathophysiology and sensorimotor signals can be a new biomarker for SD diagnosis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Mailleux L, Simon-Martinez C, Radwan A, Blommaert J, Gooijers J, Wenderoth N, Klingels K, Ortibus E, Sunaert S, Feys H. White matter characteristics of motor, sensory and interhemispheric tracts underlying impaired upper limb function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:1495-1509. [PMID: 32318818 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the role of lesion timing (periventricular white matter versus cortical and deep grey matter lesions) and type of corticospinal tract (CST) wiring pattern (contralateral, bilateral, ipsilateral) on white matter characteristics of the CST, medial lemniscus, superior thalamic radiations and sensorimotor transcallosal fibers in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP), and examined the association with upper limb function. Thirty-four children (mean age 10 years 7 months ± 2 years 3 months) with unilateral CP underwent a comprehensive upper limb evaluation and diffusion weighted imaging (75 directions, b value 2800). Streamline count, fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were extracted from the targeted tracts and asymmetry indices were additionally calculated. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied to assess the CST wiring pattern. Results showed a more damaged CST in children with cortical and deep grey matter lesions (N = 10) and ipsilateral CST projections (N = 11) compared to children with periventricular white matter lesions (N = 24; p < 0.02) and contralateral CST projections (N = 9; p < 0.025), respectively. Moderate to high correlations were found between diffusion metrics of the targeted tracts and upper limb function (r = 0.45-0.72; p < 0.01). Asymmetry indices of the CST and sensory tracts could best explain bimanual performance (74%, p < 0.0001) and unimanual capacity (50%, p = 0.004). Adding lesion timing and CST wiring pattern did not further improve the model of bimanual performance, while for unimanual capacity lesion timing was additionally retained (58%, p = 0.0002). These results contribute to a better understanding of the underlying neuropathology of upper limb function in children with unilateral CP and point towards a clinical potential of tractography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Mailleux
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Ahmed Radwan
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Nicole Wenderoth
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Neural Control of Movement Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrijn Klingels
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,BIOMED, Rehabilitation Research Center (REVAL), UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Els Ortibus
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Feys
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lewkowicz D, Delevoye-Turrell YN. Predictable real-time constraints reveal anticipatory strategies of coupled planning in a sequential pick and place task. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2020; 73:594-616. [DOI: 10.1177/1747021819888081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Planning a sequence of two motor elements is much more than concatenating two independent movements. However, very little is known about the cognitive strategies that are used to perform fluent sequences for intentional object manipulation. In this series of studies, the participants’ task was to reach for and pick to place a wooden cylinder to set it on a place pad of three different diameters, which served to modify terminal accuracy constraints. Participants were required to perform the sequences (1) at their preferred speed or (2) as fast as possible. Action kinematics were recorded with the Qualisys motion-capture system in order to implement a real-time protocol to get participants to engage in a true interactive relation. Results revealed that with low internal constraints (at preferred speed), low coupling between the two elements of the motor sequence was observed, suggesting a step-by-step planning strategy. Under high constraints (at fastest speed), an important terminal accuracy effect back propagated to modify early kinematic parameters of the first element, suggesting strong coupling of the parameters in an encapsulated planning strategy. In Studies 2 and 3, we further manipulated instructions and timing constraints to confirm the importance of time and predictability of external information for coupled planning. These findings overall sustain the hypothesis that coupled planning can take place in a pick and place task when anticipatory strategies are possible. This mode of action planning may be the key reason why motor intention can be read through the observation of micro variations in body kinematics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lewkowicz
- Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab), UMR CNRS 9193, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Yvonne N Delevoye-Turrell
- Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab), UMR CNRS 9193, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Greuel A, Pauls KAM, Koy A, Südmeyer M, Schnitzler A, Timmermann L, Fink GR, Eggers C. Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation Reduces Sensorimotor Cortex Activation in Focal/Segmental Dystonia. Mov Disord 2020; 35:629-639. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.27970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Greuel
- Department of Neurology University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - K. Amande M. Pauls
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences (Neurology) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- BioMag Laboratory, Helsinki University Hospital Medical Imaging Center University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Anne Koy
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Martin Südmeyer
- Department of Neurology Ernst‐von‐Bergmann Klinikum Potsdam Germany
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Heinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Lars Timmermann
- Department of Neurology University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg Marburg Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior Universities Marburg and Giessen Marburg Germany
| | - Gereon R. Fink
- Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM‐3) Research Center Jülich Jülich Germany
| | - Carsten Eggers
- Department of Neurology University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg Marburg Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior Universities Marburg and Giessen Marburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mathur V, Khandelwal D, Vyas A, Singh M. Syringomyelia with Chiari 1 malformation presenting as focal hand dystonia. ANNALS OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/aomd.aomd_20_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
18
|
Scandola M, Dodoni L, Lazzeri G, Arcangeli CA, Avesani R, Moro V, Ionta S. Neurocognitive Benefits of Physiotherapy for Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:2028-2035. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Scandola
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology Verona (NPSY-Lab.VR), Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Dodoni
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Renato Avesani
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Moro
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology Verona (NPSY-Lab.VR), Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvio Ionta
- Sensory-Motor Lab (SeMoLa), Department of Ophthalmology–University of Lausanne, Jules Gonin Eye Hospital-Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abnormal spontaneous neural activity of brain regions in patients with primary blepharospasm at rest. J Neurol Sci 2019; 403:44-49. [PMID: 31220741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary blepharospasm (BSP) is characterized by excessive involuntary eyelid spasms without significant morphological brain abnormalities. Its neural bases remain unclear. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a powerful tool for exploring cerebral function mechanisms in BSP. METHODS Two subject groups (24 patients with BSP and 24 healthy controls) underwent rs-fMRI scans. The rs-fMRI images were analyzed using the regional homogeneity (ReHo) method to assess the local features of spontaneous brain activity. Correlation analysis was carried out to explore the relationship between the ReHo values of abnormal brain areas and clinical variables including illness duration, symptom severity, and depression/anxiety symptoms. RESULTS Relative to healthy controls, patients with BSP showed significantly decreased ReHo in the left superior temporal pole/left insula, left calcarine cortex, and bilateral superior medial frontal gyrus (mSFG), and increased ReHo in the bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA). There were no significant correlations between ReHo values in these brain regions and clinical variables in the patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that abnormal spontaneous brain activity in multiple brain regions not limited to the basal ganglia may be trait alterations in the patients, which provides more insights into the pathogenesis of BSP.
Collapse
|
20
|
Mulroy E, Balint B, Latorre A, Schreglmann S, Menozzi E, Bhatia KP. Syringomyelia‐Associated Dystonia: Case Series, Literature Review, and Novel Insights. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2019; 6:387-392. [DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eoin Mulroy
- Department of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Bettina Balint
- Department of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Anna Latorre
- Department of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Schreglmann
- Department of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Menozzi
- Department of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Kailash P. Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement NeurosciencesUCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Alterations of Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity and Degree Centrality in Cervical Dystonia: A Resting-State fMRI Study. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:7349894. [PMID: 31178903 PMCID: PMC6507243 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7349894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical dystonia (CD) is a neurological movement disorder characterized by involuntary head and neck movements and postures. Reports on microstructural and functional abnormalities in multiple brain regions not limited to the basal ganglia have been increasing in patients with CD. However, the neural bases of CD are unclear. This study is aimed at identifying cerebral functional abnormalities in CD by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Methods Using rs-fMRI data, voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and degree centrality were used to compare the alterations of the rs-functional connectivity (FC) between 19 patients with CD and 21 healthy controls. Regions showing abnormal FCs from two measurements were the regions of interest for correlation analyses. Results Compared with healthy controls, patients with CD exhibited significantly decreased VMHC in the supplementary motor area (SMA), precuneus (PCu)/postcentral gyrus, and superior medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Significantly increased degree centrality in the right PCu and decreased degree centrality in the right lentiform nucleus and left ventral MPFC were observed in the patient group compared with the control group. Further correlation analyses showed that the VMHC values in the SMA were negatively correlated with dystonia severity. Conclusion Local abnormalities and interhemispheric interaction deficits in the sensorimotor network (SMA, postcentral gyrus, and PCu), default mode network (MPFC and PCu), and basal ganglia may be the key characteristics in the pathogenesis mechanism of CD.
Collapse
|
22
|
Selective sensory deafferentation induces structural and functional brain plasticity. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 21:101633. [PMID: 30584013 PMCID: PMC6411904 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.101633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sensory-motor integration models have been proposed aiming to explain how the brain uses sensory information to guide and check the planning and execution of movements. Sensory neuronopathy (SN) is a peculiar disease characterized by exclusive, severe and widespread sensory loss. It is a valuable condition to investigate how sensory deafferentation impacts brain organization. We thus recruited patients with clinical and electrophysiological criteria for SN to perform structural and functional MRI analyses. We investigated volumetric changes in gray matter (GM) using anatomical images; the microstructure of WM within segmented regions of interest (ROI), via diffusion images; and brain activation related to a finger tapping task. All significant results were related to the long disease duration subgroup of patients. Structural analysis showed hypertrophy of the caudate nucleus, whereas the diffusion study identified reduction of fractional anisotropy values in ROIs located around the thalamus and the striatum. We also found differences regarding finger-tapping activation in the posterior parietal regions and in the medial areas of the cerebellum. Our results stress the role of the caudate nucleus over the other basal ganglia in the sensory-motor integration models, and suggest an inhibitory function of a recently discovered tract between the thalamus and the striatum. Overall, our findings confirm plasticity in the adult brain and open new avenues to design neurorehabilitation strategies.
Collapse
|
23
|
Shu X, Chen S, Meng J, Yao L, Sheng X, Jia J, Farina D, Zhu X. Tactile Stimulation Improves Sensorimotor Rhythm-based BCI Performance in Stroke Patients. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2018; 66:1987-1995. [PMID: 30452349 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2882075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE BCI decoding accuracy plays a crucial role in practical applications. With accurate feedback, BCI-based therapy determines beneficial neural plasticity in stroke patients. In this study, we aimed at improving sensorimotor rhythm (SMR)-based BCI performance by integrating motor tasks with tactile stimulation. METHODS Eleven stroke patients were recruited for three experimental conditions, i.e., motor attempt (MA) condition, tactile stimulation (TS) condition, and tactile stimulation-assisted motor attempt (TS-MA) condition. Tactile stimulation was delivered to the paretic hand wrist during both task and idle states using a DC vibrator. RESULTS We observed that the TS-MA condition achieved greater motor-related cortical activation (MRCA) in alpha-beta band when compared with both TS and MA conditions. Consequently, online BCI decoding accuracies between task and idle states were significantly improved from 74.5% in the MA condition to 85.1% in the TS-MA condition (p < 0.001), whereas the accuracy in the TS condition was 54.6% (approaching to the chance level of 50%). CONCLUSION This finding demonstrates that sensory afferent from peripheral nerves benefits the neural process of sensorimotor cortex in stroke patients. With appropriate sensory stimulation, MRCA is enhanced and corresponding brain patterns are more discriminative. SIGNIFICANCE This novel SMR-BCI paradigm shows great promise to facilitate the practical application of BCI-based stroke rehabilitation.
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen X, Liu F, Yan Z, Cheng S, Liu X, Li H, Li Z. Therapeutic effects of sensory input training on motor function rehabilitation after stroke. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13387. [PMID: 30508935 PMCID: PMC6283184 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor dysfunction is a common and severe complication of stroke that affects the quality of life of these patients. Currently, motor function rehabilitation predominantly focuses on active movement training; nevertheless, the role of sensory input is usually overlooked. Sensory input is very important to motor function. Voluntary functional movement necessitates preparation, execution, and monitoring functions of the central nervous system, while the monitoring needs the participation of the sensory system. Sensory signals affect motor functions by inputting external environment information and intrinsic physiological status as well as by guiding initiation of the motor system. Recent studies focusing on sensory input-based rehabilitation training for post-stroke dyskinesia have demonstrated that sensory function has significant effects on voluntary functional movements. In conclusion, sensory input plays a crucial role in motor function rehabilitation, and the combined sensorimotor training modality is more effective than conventional motor-oriented approaches.
Collapse
|
25
|
Allgöwer K, Fürholzer W, Hermsdörfer J. Impaired performance of patients with writer's cramp in complex fine motor tasks. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:2392-2402. [PMID: 30278388 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Writer's cramp (WC) is a task-specific focal dystonia. WC is characterized by involuntary contractions of muscles of the hand and arm during handwriting, resulting in impaired writing with exaggerated finger forces. The generalization of symptoms to other fine motor tasks is widely discussed. The aim of the study was to determine affected fine motor aspects with an extensive testing battery. METHODS Twelve people with WC and twelve healthy controls were examined. Performance in the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, Nine-Hole-Peg Test and 2-point discrimination was evaluated. To analyze object manipulation skills, we examined grip forces, temporal measures and other aspects of force control during (1) lifting actions with variations of weight and surface (2) cyclic movements (3) visuomotor tracking (4) fast force changes and (5) grip strength. In addition, correlation between the dependent variables of the fine motor tasks and the handwriting deficits was assessed. RESULTS WC patients had impaired performance in the visuomotor tracking task (root mean square error (RMSE), p = 0.03 and time lag, p = 0.05) and the fast force changes (frequency, p = 0.01). There were no statistically significant group differences in the other tasks. We found a correlation between the RMSE of the tracking task and the time needed to write the test sentence (r = 0.643, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION WC patients revealed abnormalities in complex fine motor performance in tasks with high demands on coordination and visual components, specifically in tracking and fast force changes. SIGNIFICANCE This suggests a deficit in visuomotor integration, coordination and cognitive aspects related to movement processing particularly with respect to low forces. These insights may prove useful in the development of targeted training approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Allgöwer
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Chair of Human Movement Science, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Joachim Hermsdörfer
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Chair of Human Movement Science, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is increasing evidence of non-motor, sensory symptoms, mainly involving the spatial domain, in cervical dystonia (CD). These manifestations are likely driven by dysfunctional overactivity of the parietal cortex during the execution of a sensory task. Few studies also suggest the possibility that visuospatial attention might be specifically affected in patients with CD. Therefore, we asked whether non-motor manifestations in CD might also comprise impairment of higher level visuospatial processing. METHODS To this end, we investigated visuospatial attention in 23 CD patients and 12 matched healthy controls (for age, gender, education, and ocular dominance). The patients were identified according to the dystonia pattern type (laterocollis vs. torticollis). Overall, participants were right-handers, and the majority of them was right-eye dominant. Visuospatial attention was assessed using a line bisection task. Participants were asked to bisect horizontal lines, using their right or left hand. RESULTS Participants bisected more to the left of true center when using their left hand to perform the task than when using their right hand. However, overall, torticollis patients produced a significantly greater leftward deviation than controls. CONCLUSIONS These data are consistent with preliminary findings suggesting the presence of biased spatial attention in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia. The presence of an attentional bias in patients with torticollis seem to indicate that alterations of attentional circuits might be implicated in the pathophysiology of this type of CD. (JINS, 2018, 24, 23-32).
Collapse
|
27
|
Sugano Y, Keetels M, Vroomen J. Audio-motor but not visuo-motor temporal recalibration speeds up sensory processing. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189242. [PMID: 29216307 PMCID: PMC5720774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Perception of synchrony between one's own action (a finger tap) and the sensory feedback thereof (a visual flash or an auditory pip) can be recalibrated after exposure to an artificially inserted delay between them (temporal recalibration effect: TRE). TRE might be mediated by a compensatory shift of motor timing (when did I tap?) and/or the sensory timing of the feedback (when did I hear/see the feedback?). To examine this, we asked participants to voluntarily tap their index finger at a constant pace while receiving visual or auditory feedback (a flash or pip) that was either synced or somewhat delayed relative to the tap. Following this exposure phase, they then performed a simple reaction time (RT) task to measure the sensory timing of the exposure stimulus, and a sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) task (tapping in synchrony with a flash or pip as pacing stimulus) to measure the point of subjective synchrony between the tap and pacing stimulus. The results showed that after exposure to delayed auditory feedback, participants tapped earlier (~21.5 ms) relative to auditory pacing stimuli (= temporal recalibration) and reacted faster (~5.6 ms) to auditory stimuli. For visual exposure and test stimuli, there were no such compensatory effects. These results indicate that adjustments of audio-motor synchrony can to some extent be explained by a change in the speed of auditory sensory processing. We discuss this in terms of an attentional modulation of sensory processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimori Sugano
- Department of Industrial Management, Kyushu Sangyo University, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (YS); (JV)
| | - Mirjam Keetels
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Jean Vroomen
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
- * E-mail: (YS); (JV)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ni MF, Huang XF, Miao YW, Liang ZH. Resting state fMRI observations of baseline brain functional activities and connectivities in primary blepharospasm. Neurosci Lett 2017; 660:22-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
29
|
Mailleux L, Jaspers E, Ortibus E, Simon-Martinez C, Desloovere K, Molenaers G, Klingels K, Feys H. Clinical assessment and three-dimensional movement analysis: An integrated approach for upper limb evaluation in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180196. [PMID: 28671953 PMCID: PMC5495347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinical application of upper limb (UL) three-dimensional movement analysis (3DMA) in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP) remains challenging, despite its benefits compared to conventional clinical scales. Moreover, knowledge on UL movement pathology and how this relates to clinical parameters remains scarce. Therefore, we investigated UL kinematics across different manual ability classification system (MACS) levels and explored the relation between clinical and kinematic parameters in children with uCP. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty children (MACS: I = 15, II = 26, III = 9) underwent an UL evaluation of sensorimotor impairments (grip force, muscle strength, muscle tone, two-point discrimination, stereognosis), bimanual performance (Assisting Hand Assessment, AHA), unimanual capacity (Melbourne Assessment 2, MA2) and UL-3DMA during hand-to-head, hand-to-mouth and reach-to-grasp tasks. Global parameters (Arm Profile Score (APS), duration, (timing of) maximum velocity, trajectory straightness) and joint specific parameters (angles at task endpoint, ROM and Arm Variable Scores (AVS)) were extracted. The APS and AVS refer respectively to the total amount of movement pathology and movement deviations of wrist, elbow, shoulder, scapula and trunk. RESULTS Longer movement durations and increased APS were found with higher MACS-levels (p<0.001). Increased APS was also associated with more severe sensorimotor impairments (r = -0.30-(-0.73)) and with lower AHA and MA2-scores (r = -0.50-(-0.86)). For the joint specific parameters, stronger movement deviations distally were significantly associated with increased muscle weakness (r = -0.32-(-0.74)) and muscle tone (r = 0.33-(-0.61)); proximal movement deviations correlated only with muscle weakness (r = -0.35-0.59). Regression analysis exposed grip force as the most important predictor for the variability in APS (p<0.002). CONCLUSION We found increased movement pathology with increasing MACS-levels and demonstrated the adverse impact of especially muscle weakness. The lower correlations suggest that 3DMA provides additional information regarding UL motor function, particularly for the proximal joints. Integrating both methods seems clinically meaningful to obtain a comprehensive representation of all aspects of a child's UL functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Mailleux
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Ellen Jaspers
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Els Ortibus
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Kaat Desloovere
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Clinical Motion Analysis Laboratory, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Molenaers
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Orthopaedic Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrijn Klingels
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
- UHasselt–Hasselt University, BIOMED, Rehabilitation Research Center (REVAL), Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hilde Feys
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ballester-Plané J, Schmidt R, Laporta-Hoyos O, Junqué C, Vázquez É, Delgado I, Zubiaurre-Elorza L, Macaya A, Póo P, Toro E, de Reus MA, van den Heuvel MP, Pueyo R. Whole-brain structural connectivity in dyskinetic cerebral palsy and its association with motor and cognitive function. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:4594-4612. [PMID: 28608616 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyskinetic cerebral palsy (CP) has long been associated with basal ganglia and thalamus lesions. Recent evidence further points at white matter (WM) damage. This study aims to identify altered WM pathways in dyskinetic CP from a standardized, connectome-based approach, and to assess structure-function relationship in WM pathways for clinical outcomes. Individual connectome maps of 25 subjects with dyskinetic CP and 24 healthy controls were obtained combining a structural parcellation scheme with whole-brain deterministic tractography. Graph theoretical metrics and the network-based statistic were applied to compare groups and to correlate WM state with motor and cognitive performance. Results showed a widespread reduction of WM volume in CP subjects compared to controls and a more localized decrease in degree (number of links per node) and fractional anisotropy (FA), comprising parieto-occipital regions and the hippocampus. However, supramarginal gyrus showed a significantly higher degree. At the network level, CP subjects showed a bilateral pathway with reduced FA, comprising sensorimotor, intraparietal and fronto-parietal connections. Gross and fine motor functions correlated with FA in a pathway comprising the sensorimotor system, but gross motor also correlated with prefrontal, temporal and occipital connections. Intelligence correlated with FA in a network with fronto-striatal and parieto-frontal connections, and visuoperception was related to right occipital connections. These findings demonstrate a disruption in structural brain connectivity in dyskinetic CP, revealing general involvement of posterior brain regions with relative preservation of prefrontal areas. We identified pathways in which WM integrity is related to clinical features, including but not limited to the sensorimotor system. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4594-4612, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Ballester-Plané
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Laporta-Hoyos
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Junqué
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Élida Vázquez
- Servei de Radiologia Pediàtrica, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Delgado
- Servei de Radiologia Pediàtrica, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leire Zubiaurre-Elorza
- Departamento de Fundamentos y Métodos de la Psicología, Facultad de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Deusto, Bilbo-Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alfons Macaya
- Grup de Recerca en Neurologia Pediàtrica, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Póo
- Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Toro
- Servei de Rehabilitació i Medicina Física, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcel A de Reus
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn P van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roser Pueyo
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Avanzino L, Pelosin E, Vicario CM, Lagravinese G, Abbruzzese G, Martino D. Time Processing and Motor Control in Movement Disorders. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:631. [PMID: 28018198 PMCID: PMC5149591 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The subjective representation of “time” is critical for cognitive tasks but also for several motor activities. The neural network supporting motor timing comprises: lateral cerebellum, basal ganglia, sensorimotor and prefrontal cortical areas. Basal ganglia and associated cortical areas act as a hypothetical “internal clock” that beats the rhythm when the movement is internally generated. When timing information is processed to make predictions on the outcome of a subjective or externally perceived motor act, cerebellar processing and outflow pathways appear to be primarily involved. Clinical and experimental evidence on time processing and motor control points to a dysfunction of the neural networks involving basal ganglia and cerebellum in movement disorders. In some cases, temporal processing deficits could directly contribute to core motor features of the movement disorder, as in the case of bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease. For other movement disorders, the relationship between abnormal time processing and motor performance is less obvious and requires further investigation, as in the reduced accuracy in predicting the temporal outcome of a motor act in dystonia. We aim to review the literature on time processing and motor control in Parkinson's disease, dystonia, Huntington's disease, and Tourette syndrome, integrating the available findings with current pathophysiological models; we will highlight the areas in which future explorations are warranted, as well as the aspects of time processing in motor control that present translational aspects in future rehabilitation strategies. The subjective representation of “time” is critical for cognitive tasks but also for motor activities. Recently, greater attention has been devoted to improve our understanding of how temporal information becomes integrated within the mechanisms of motor control. Experimental evidence recognizes time processing in motor control as a complex neural function supported by diffuse cerebral networks including cortical areas, cerebellum, and other subcortical structures (Ivry and Spencer, 2004; Coull and Nobre, 2008). Timing is an essential component of motor control primarily within two types of motor tasks: (i) when producing sequential rhythmic movements or sustained movements of a definite duration (explicit timing); (ii) when the temporal information is used implicitly, such as when coordinating our movements to those of moving objects or individuals within the external environment (implicit timing). In this review, we will provide a brief description of the neural network supporting motor timing focusing only on instrumental information to explain the link between timing and motor control in movement disorders. Then we will review available data on motor timing in Parkinson's disease, dystonia, Huntington's disease, and Tourette syndrome, and discuss how this body of evidence integrates with the available information on the pathophysiology of these movement disorders. Finally, we will discuss the translational aspects of the explored neural mechanisms with respect to future rehabilitation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Avanzino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Pelosin
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
| | - Carmelo M Vicario
- School of Psychology, University of TasmaniaHobart, TAS, Australia; Wolfson Centre for Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Bangor UniversityBangor, UK
| | - Giovanna Lagravinese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Abbruzzese
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
| | - Davide Martino
- International Parkinson's Centre of Excellence, King's College and King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill CampusLondon, UK; Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich, Lewisham, and Greenwich NHS TrustLondon, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Perruchoud D, Michels L, Piccirelli M, Gassert R, Ionta S. Differential neural encoding of sensorimotor and visual body representations. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37259. [PMID: 27883017 PMCID: PMC5121642 DOI: 10.1038/srep37259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorimotor processing specifically impacts mental body representations. In particular, deteriorated somatosensory input (as after complete spinal cord injury) increases the relative weight of visual aspects of body parts’ representations, leading to aberrancies in how images of body parts are mentally manipulated (e.g. mental rotation). This suggests that a sensorimotor or visual reference frame, respectively, can be relatively dominant in local (hands) versus global (full-body) bodily representations. On this basis, we hypothesized that the recruitment of a specific reference frame could be reflected in the activation of sensorimotor versus visual brain networks. To this aim, we directly compared the brain activity associated with mental rotation of hands versus full-bodies. Mental rotation of hands recruited more strongly the supplementary motor area, premotor cortex, and secondary somatosensory cortex. Conversely, mental rotation of full-bodies determined stronger activity in temporo-occipital regions, including the functionally-localized extrastriate body area. These results support that (1) sensorimotor and visual frames of reference are used to represent the body, (2) two distinct brain networks encode local or global bodily representations, and (3) the extrastriate body area is a multimodal region involved in body processing both at the perceptual and representational level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Perruchoud
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Radiology and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lars Michels
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Gassert
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Ionta
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Radiology and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Perruchoud D, Pisotta I, Carda S, Murray MM, Ionta S. Biomimetic rehabilitation engineering: the importance of somatosensory feedback for brain-machine interfaces. J Neural Eng 2016; 13:041001. [PMID: 27221469 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/13/4/041001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) re-establish communication channels between the nervous system and an external device. The use of BMI technology has generated significant developments in rehabilitative medicine, promising new ways to restore lost sensory-motor functions. However and despite high-caliber basic research, only a few prototypes have successfully left the laboratory and are currently home-deployed. APPROACH The failure of this laboratory-to-user transfer likely relates to the absence of BMI solutions for providing naturalistic feedback about the consequences of the BMI's actions. To overcome this limitation, nowadays cutting-edge BMI advances are guided by the principle of biomimicry; i.e. the artificial reproduction of normal neural mechanisms. MAIN RESULTS Here, we focus on the importance of somatosensory feedback in BMIs devoted to reproducing movements with the goal of serving as a reference framework for future research on innovative rehabilitation procedures. First, we address the correspondence between users' needs and BMI solutions. Then, we describe the main features of invasive and non-invasive BMIs, including their degree of biomimicry and respective advantages and drawbacks. Furthermore, we explore the prevalent approaches for providing quasi-natural sensory feedback in BMI settings. Finally, we cover special situations that can promote biomimicry and we present the future directions in basic research and clinical applications. SIGNIFICANCE The continued incorporation of biomimetic features into the design of BMIs will surely serve to further ameliorate the realism of BMIs, as well as tremendously improve their actuation, acceptance, and use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Perruchoud
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Radiology and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Spinal cord injury affects the interplay between visual and sensorimotor representations of the body. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20144. [PMID: 26842303 PMCID: PMC4740737 DOI: 10.1038/srep20144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain integrates multiple sensory inputs, including somatosensory and visual inputs, to produce a representation of the body. Spinal cord injury (SCI) interrupts the communication between brain and body and the effects of this deafferentation on body representation are poorly understood. We investigated whether the relative weight of somatosensory and visual frames of reference for body representation is altered in individuals with incomplete or complete SCI (affecting lower limbs’ somatosensation), with respect to controls. To study the influence of afferent somatosensory information on body representation, participants verbally judged the laterality of rotated images of feet, hands, and whole-bodies (mental rotation task) in two different postures (participants’ body parts were hidden from view). We found that (i) complete SCI disrupts the influence of postural changes on the representation of the deafferented body parts (feet, but not hands) and (ii) regardless of posture, whole-body representation progressively deteriorates proportionally to SCI completeness. These results demonstrate that the cortical representation of the body is dynamic, responsive, and adaptable to contingent conditions, in that the role of somatosensation is altered and partially compensated with a change in the relative weight of somatosensory versus visual bodily representations.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ackerley R, Borich M, Oddo CM, Ionta S. Insights and Perspectives on Sensory-Motor Integration and Rehabilitation. Multisens Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/22134808-00002530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present review focuses on the flow and interaction of somatosensory-motor signals in the central and peripheral nervous system. Specifically, where incoming sensory signals from the periphery are processed and interpreted to initiate behaviors, and how ongoing behaviors produce sensory consequences encoded and used to fine-tune subsequent actions. We describe the structure–function relations of this loop, how these relations can be modeled and aspects of somatosensory-motor rehabilitation. The work reviewed here shows that it is imperative to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the somatosensory-motor system to restore accurate motor abilities and appropriate somatosensory feedback. Knowledge of the salient neural mechanisms of sensory-motor integration has begun to generate innovative approaches to improve rehabilitation training following neurological impairments such as stroke. The present work supports the integration of basic science principles of sensory-motor integration into rehabilitation procedures to create new solutions for sensory-motor disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Ackerley
- Department of Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives (UMR 7260), CNRS — Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Michael Borich
- Neural Plasticity Research Laboratory, Division of Physical Therapy, Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Silvio Ionta
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology, Dept of Radiology and Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Understanding the role of the primary somatosensory cortex: Opportunities for rehabilitation. Neuropsychologia 2015; 79:246-55. [PMID: 26164474 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates impairments in somatosensory function may be a major contributor to motor dysfunction associated with neurologic injury or disorders. However, the neuroanatomical substrates underlying the connection between aberrant sensory input and ineffective motor output are still under investigation. The primary somatosensory cortex (S1) plays a critical role in processing afferent somatosensory input and contributes to the integration of sensory and motor signals necessary for skilled movement. Neuroimaging and neurostimulation approaches provide unique opportunities to non-invasively study S1 structure and function including connectivity with other cortical regions. These research techniques have begun to illuminate casual contributions of abnormal S1 activity and connectivity to motor dysfunction and poorer recovery of motor function in neurologic patient populations. This review synthesizes recent evidence illustrating the role of S1 in motor control, motor learning and functional recovery with an emphasis on how information from these investigations may be exploited to inform stroke rehabilitation to reduce motor dysfunction and improve therapeutic outcomes.
Collapse
|
37
|
Avanzino L, Tinazzi M, Ionta S, Fiorio M. Sensory-motor integration in focal dystonia. Neuropsychologia 2015; 79:288-300. [PMID: 26164472 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Traditional definitions of focal dystonia point to its motor component, mainly affecting planning and execution of voluntary movements. However, focal dystonia is tightly linked also to sensory dysfunction. Accurate motor control requires an optimal processing of afferent inputs from different sensory systems, in particular visual and somatosensory (e.g., touch and proprioception). Several experimental studies indicate that sensory-motor integration - the process through which sensory information is used to plan, execute, and monitor movements - is impaired in focal dystonia. The neural degenerations associated with these alterations affect not only the basal ganglia-thalamic-frontal cortex loop, but also the parietal cortex and cerebellum. The present review outlines the experimental studies describing impaired sensory-motor integration in focal dystonia, establishes their relationship with changes in specific neural mechanisms, and provides new insight towards the implementation of novel intervention protocols. Based on the reviewed state-of-the-art evidence, the theoretical framework summarized in the present article will not only result in a better understanding of the pathophysiology of dystonia, but it will also lead to the development of new rehabilitation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Avanzino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, 16132 genoa, Italy
| | - Michele Tinazzi
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37131 Verona, Italy
| | - Silvio Ionta
- Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology, Department of Radiology and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mirta Fiorio
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37131 Verona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Vicario CM, Rafal RD, Avenanti A. Counterfactual thinking affects the excitability of the motor cortex. Cortex 2015; 65:139-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
39
|
Pisotta I, Perruchoud D, Ionta S. Hand-in-hand advances in biomedical engineering and sensorimotor restoration. J Neurosci Methods 2015; 246:22-9. [PMID: 25769276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living in a multisensory world entails the continuous sensory processing of environmental information in order to enact appropriate motor routines. The interaction between our body and our brain is the crucial factor for achieving such sensorimotor integration ability. Several clinical conditions dramatically affect the constant body-brain exchange, but the latest developments in biomedical engineering provide promising solutions for overcoming this communication breakdown. NEW METHOD The ultimate technological developments succeeded in transforming neuronal electrical activity into computational input for robotic devices, giving birth to the era of the so-called brain-machine interfaces. Combining rehabilitation robotics and experimental neuroscience the rise of brain-machine interfaces into clinical protocols provided the technological solution for bypassing the neural disconnection and restore sensorimotor function. RESULTS Based on these advances, the recovery of sensorimotor functionality is progressively becoming a concrete reality. However, despite the success of several recent techniques, some open issues still need to be addressed. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) Typical interventions for sensorimotor deficits include pharmaceutical treatments and manual/robotic assistance in passive movements. These procedures achieve symptoms relief but their applicability to more severe disconnection pathologies is limited (e.g. spinal cord injury or amputation). CONCLUSIONS Here we review how state-of-the-art solutions in biomedical engineering are continuously increasing expectances in sensorimotor rehabilitation, as well as the current challenges especially with regards to the translation of the signals from brain-machine interfaces into sensory feedback and the incorporation of brain-machine interfaces into daily activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Pisotta
- Neurological and Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Department A and CaRMA Lab, IRCCS Fondazione S. Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - David Perruchoud
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Radiology and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Ionta
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Radiology and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Effects can precede their cause in the sense of agency. Neuropsychologia 2014; 65:191-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|