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Kleih SC, Botrel L. Post-stroke aphasia rehabilitation using an adapted visual P300 brain-computer interface training: improvement over time, but specificity remains undetermined. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1400336. [PMID: 38873652 PMCID: PMC11169643 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1400336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of visual P300 brain-computer interface use to support rehabilitation of chronic language production deficits commonly experienced by individuals with a left-sided stroke resulting in post-stroke aphasia. Methods The study involved twelve participants, but five dropped out. Additionally, data points were missing for three participants in the remaining sample of seven participants. The participants underwent four assessments-a baseline, pre-assessment, post-assessment, and follow-up assessment. Between the pre-and post-assessment, the participants underwent at least 14 sessions of visual spelling using a brain-computer interface. The study aimed to investigate the impact of this intervention on attention, language production, and language comprehension and to determine whether there were any potential effects on quality of life and well-being. Results None of the participants showed a consistent improvement in attention. All participants showed an improvement in spontaneous speech production, and three participants experienced a reduction in aphasia severity. We found an improvement in subjective quality of life and daily functioning. However, we cannot rule out the possibility of unspecific effects causing or at least contributing to these results. Conclusion Due to challenges in assessing the patient population, resulting in a small sample size and missing data points, the results of using visual P300 brain-computer interfaces for chronic post-stroke aphasia rehabilitation are preliminary. Thus, we cannot decisively judge the potential of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja C. Kleih
- Institute of Psychology, Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Human Sciences, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Awuah WA, Ahluwalia A, Darko K, Sanker V, Tan JK, Tenkorang PO, Ben-Jaafar A, Ranganathan S, Aderinto N, Mehta A, Shah MH, Lee Boon Chun K, Abdul-Rahman T, Atallah O. Bridging Minds and Machines: The Recent Advances of Brain-Computer Interfaces in Neurological and Neurosurgical Applications. World Neurosurg 2024; 189:138-153. [PMID: 38789029 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.05.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), a remarkable technological advancement in neurology and neurosurgery, mark a significant leap since the inception of electroencephalography in 1924. These interfaces effectively convert central nervous system signals into commands for external devices, offering revolutionary benefits to patients with severe communication and motor impairments due to a myriad of neurological conditions like stroke, spinal cord injuries, and neurodegenerative disorders. BCIs enable these individuals to communicate and interact with their environment, using their brain signals to operate interfaces for communication and environmental control. This technology is especially crucial for those completely locked in, providing a communication lifeline where other methods fall short. The advantages of BCIs are profound, offering autonomy and an improved quality of life for patients with severe disabilities. They allow for direct interaction with various devices and prostheses, bypassing damaged or nonfunctional neural pathways. However, challenges persist, including the complexity of accurately interpreting brain signals, the need for individual calibration, and ensuring reliable, long-term use. Additionally, ethical considerations arise regarding autonomy, consent, and the potential for dependence on technology. Despite these challenges, BCIs represent a transformative development in neurotechnology, promising enhanced patient outcomes and a deeper understanding of brain-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arjun Ahluwalia
- School of Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Kwadwo Darko
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Vivek Sanker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trivandrum Medical College, India
| | - Joecelyn Kirani Tan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Adam Ben-Jaafar
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sruthi Ranganathan
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Aderinto
- Internal Medicine Department, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Aashna Mehta
- University of Debrecen-Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | | | | | - Oday Atallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Herbert C. Brain-computer interfaces and human factors: the role of language and cultural differences-Still a missing gap? Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1305445. [PMID: 38665897 PMCID: PMC11043545 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1305445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) aim at the non-invasive investigation of brain activity for supporting communication and interaction of the users with their environment by means of brain-machine assisted technologies. Despite technological progress and promising research aimed at understanding the influence of human factors on BCI effectiveness, some topics still remain unexplored. The aim of this article is to discuss why it is important to consider the language of the user, its embodied grounding in perception, action and emotions, and its interaction with cultural differences in information processing in future BCI research. Based on evidence from recent studies, it is proposed that detection of language abilities and language training are two main topics of enquiry of future BCI studies to extend communication among vulnerable and healthy BCI users from bench to bedside and real world applications. In addition, cultural differences shape perception, actions, cognition, language and emotions subjectively, behaviorally as well as neuronally. Therefore, BCI applications should consider cultural differences in information processing to develop culture- and language-sensitive BCI applications for different user groups and BCIs, and investigate the linguistic and cultural contexts in which the BCI will be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Herbert
- Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Cisek K, Kelleher JD. Current Topics in Technology-Enabled Stroke Rehabilitation and Reintegration: A Scoping Review and Content Analysis. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2023; 31:3341-3352. [PMID: 37578924 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2023.3304758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a worldwide health crisis stemming from the rising incidence of various debilitating chronic diseases, with stroke as a leading contributor. Chronic stroke management encompasses rehabilitation and reintegration, and can require decades of personalized medicine and care. Information technology (IT) tools have the potential to support individuals managing chronic stroke symptoms. OBJECTIVES This scoping review identifies prevalent topics and concepts in research literature on IT technology for stroke rehabilitation and reintegration, utilizing content analysis, based on topic modelling techniques from natural language processing to identify gaps in this literature. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Our methodological search initially identified over 14,000 publications of the last two decades in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, which we filter, using keywords and a qualitative review, to a core corpus of 1062 documents. RESULTS We generate a 3-topic, 4-topic and 5-topic model and interpret the resulting topics as four distinct thematics in the literature, which we label as Robotics, Software, Functional and Cognitive. We analyze the prevalence and distinctiveness of each thematic and identify some areas relatively neglected by the field. These are mainly in the Cognitive thematic, especially for systems and devices for sensory loss rehabilitation, tasks of daily living performance and social participation. CONCLUSION The results indicate that IT-enabled stroke literature has focused on Functional outcomes and Robotic technologies, with lesser emphasis on Cognitive outcomes and combined interventions. We hope this review broadens awareness, usage and mainstream acceptance of novel technologies in rehabilitation and reintegration among clinicians, carers and patients.
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Mayorova L, Kushnir A, Sorokina V, Pradhan P, Radutnaya M, Zhdanov V, Petrova M, Grechko A. Rapid Effects of BCI-Based Attention Training on Functional Brain Connectivity in Poststroke Patients: A Pilot Resting-State fMRI Study. Neurol Int 2023; 15:549-559. [PMID: 37092505 PMCID: PMC10123620 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of stroke-induced cognitive impairment is high. Effective approaches to the treatment of these cognitive impairments after stroke remain a serious and perhaps underestimated challenge. A BCI-based task-focused training that results in repetitive recruitment of the normal motor or cognitive circuits may strengthen stroke-affected neuronal connectivity, leading to functional improvements. In the present controlled study, we attempted to evaluate the modulation of neuronal circuits under the influence of 10 days of training in a P3-based BCI speller in subacute ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Mayorova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology of Sensory Systems, 117485 Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasia Kushnir
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology of Sensory Systems, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria Sorokina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pranil Pradhan
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with Medical Rehabilitation Courses, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita Radutnaya
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Zhdanov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Petrova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with Medical Rehabilitation Courses, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with Medical Rehabilitation Courses, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
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Peters B, Eddy B, Galvin-McLaughlin D, Betz G, Oken B, Fried-Oken M. A systematic review of research on augmentative and alternative communication brain-computer interface systems for individuals with disabilities. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:952380. [PMID: 35966988 PMCID: PMC9374067 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.952380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Augmentative and alternative communication brain-computer interface (AAC-BCI) systems are intended to offer communication access to people with severe speech and physical impairment (SSPI) without requiring volitional movement. As the field moves toward clinical implementation of AAC-BCI systems, research involving participants with SSPI is essential. Research has demonstrated variability in AAC-BCI system performance across users, and mixed results for comparisons of performance for users with and without disabilities. The aims of this systematic review were to (1) describe study, system, and participant characteristics reported in BCI research, (2) summarize the communication task performance of participants with disabilities using AAC-BCI systems, and (3) explore any differences in performance for participants with and without disabilities. Electronic databases were searched in May, 2018, and March, 2021, identifying 6065 records, of which 73 met inclusion criteria. Non-experimental study designs were common and sample sizes were typically small, with approximately half of studies involving five or fewer participants with disabilities. There was considerable variability in participant characteristics, and in how those characteristics were reported. Over 60% of studies reported an average selection accuracy ≤70% for participants with disabilities in at least one tested condition. However, some studies excluded participants who did not reach a specific system performance criterion, and others did not state whether any participants were excluded based on performance. Twenty-nine studies included participants both with and without disabilities, but few reported statistical analyses comparing performance between the two groups. Results suggest that AAC-BCI systems show promise for supporting communication for people with SSPI, but they remain ineffective for some individuals. The lack of standards in reporting outcome measures makes it difficult to synthesize data across studies. Further research is needed to demonstrate efficacy of AAC-BCI systems for people who experience SSPI of varying etiologies and severity levels, and these individuals should be included in system design and testing. Consensus in terminology and consistent participant, protocol, and performance description will facilitate the exploration of user and system characteristics that positively or negatively affect AAC-BCI use, and support innovations that will make this technology more useful to a broader group of people. Clinical trial registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018095345, PROSPERO: CRD42018095345.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betts Peters
- Consortium for Accessible Multimodal Brain-Body Interfaces, United States
- REKNEW Projects, Institute on Development and Disability, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Brandon Eddy
- Consortium for Accessible Multimodal Brain-Body Interfaces, United States
- REKNEW Projects, Institute on Development and Disability, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Speech and Hearing Sciences Department, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Deirdre Galvin-McLaughlin
- Consortium for Accessible Multimodal Brain-Body Interfaces, United States
- REKNEW Projects, Institute on Development and Disability, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Gail Betz
- Health Sciences and Human Services Library, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Barry Oken
- Consortium for Accessible Multimodal Brain-Body Interfaces, United States
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Melanie Fried-Oken
- Consortium for Accessible Multimodal Brain-Body Interfaces, United States
- REKNEW Projects, Institute on Development and Disability, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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Pitt KM, McKelvey M, Weissling K. The perspectives of augmentative and alternative communication experts on the clinical integration of non-invasive brain-computer interfaces. BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/2326263x.2022.2057758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Pitt
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Miechelle McKelvey
- Department of Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska Kearney Kearney, NE, USA
| | - Kristy Weissling
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Zhao CG, Ju F, Sun W, Jiang S, Xi X, Wang H, Sun XL, Li M, Xie J, Zhang K, Xu GH, Zhang SC, Mou X, Yuan H. Effects of Training with a Brain-Computer Interface-Controlled Robot on Rehabilitation Outcome in Patients with Subacute Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Neurol Ther 2022; 11:679-695. [PMID: 35174449 PMCID: PMC9095806 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-022-00333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke is always associated with a difficult functional recovery process. A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a technology which provides a direct connection between the human brain and external devices. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether training with a BCI-controlled robot can improve functions in patients with subacute stroke. METHODS Subacute stroke patients aged 32-68 years with a course of 2 weeks to 3 months were randomly assigned to the BCI group or to the sham group for a 4-week course. The primary outcome measures were Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOCTA) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Lower Extremity (FMA-LE). Secondary outcome measures included Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Balance (FMA-B), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and motor-evoked potential (MEP). RESULTS A total of 28 patients completed the study. Both groups showed a significant increase in mean LOCTA (sham: P < 0.001, Cohen's d = - 2.972; BCI: P < 0.001, Cohen's d = - 4.266) and FMA-LE (sham: P < 0.001, Cohen's d = - 3.178; BCI: P < 0.001, Cohen's d = - 3.063) scores. The LOCTA scores in the BCI group were 14.89% higher than in the sham group (P = 0.049, Cohen's d = - 0.580). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of FMA-B (P = 0.363, Cohen's d = - 0.252), FAC (P = 0.363), or MBI (P = 0.493, Cohen's d = - 0.188) scores. The serum levels of BDNF were significantly higher within the BCI group (P < 0.001, Cohen's d = - 1.167), and the MEP latency decreased by 3.75% and 4.71% in the sham and BCI groups, respectively. CONCLUSION Training with a BCI-controlled robot combined with traditional physiotherapy promotes cognitive function recovery, and enhances motor functions of the lower extremity in patients with subacute stroke. These patients also showed increased secretion of BDNF. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese clinical trial registry: ChiCTR-INR-17012874.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Guang Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fen Ju
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Long Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Xie
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guang-Hua Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Si-Cong Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiang Mou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Poststroke Cognitive Impairment Research Progress on Application of Brain-Computer Interface. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9935192. [PMID: 35252458 PMCID: PMC8896931 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9935192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), a new type of rehabilitation technology, pick up nerve cell signals, identify and classify their activities, and convert them into computer-recognized instructions. This technique has been widely used in the rehabilitation of stroke patients in recent years and appears to promote motor function recovery after stroke. At present, the application of BCI in poststroke cognitive impairment is increasing, which is a common complication that also affects the rehabilitation process. This paper reviews the promise and potential drawbacks of using BCI to treat poststroke cognitive impairment, providing a solid theoretical basis for the application of BCI in this area.
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Pitt KM, Dietz A. Applying Implementation Science to Support Active Collaboration in Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interface Development and Translation for Augmentative and Alternative Communication. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:515-526. [PMID: 34958737 DOI: 10.1044/2021_ajslp-21-00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to consider how, alongside engineering advancements, noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) for augmentative and alternative communication (AAC; BCI-AAC) developments can leverage implementation science to increase the clinical impact of this technology. We offer the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) as a structure to help guide future BCI-AAC research. Specifically, we discuss CFIR primary domains that include intervention characteristics, the outer and inner settings, the individuals involved in the intervention, and the process of implementation, alongside pertinent subdomains including adaptability, cost, patient needs and recourses, implementation climate, other personal attributes, and the process of engaging. The authors support their view with current citations from both the AAC and BCI-AAC fields. CONCLUSIONS The article aimed to provide thoughtful considerations for how future research may leverage the CFIR to support meaningful BCI-AAC translation for those with severe physical impairments. We believe that, although significant barriers to BCI-AAC development still exist, incorporating implementation research may be timely for the field of BCI-AAC and help account for diversity in end users, navigate implementation obstacles, and support a smooth and efficient translation of BCI-AAC technology. Moreover, the sooner clinicians, individuals who use AAC, their support networks, and engineers collectively improve BCI-AAC outcomes and the efficiency of translation, the sooner BCI-AAC may become an everyday tool in the AAC arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Pitt
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| | - Aimee Dietz
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Georgia State University, Atlanta
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Borisova VA, Isakova EV, Kotov SV. [Possibilities of the brain-computer interface in the correction of post-stroke cognitive impairments]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:60-66. [PMID: 36582163 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212212260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, brain-computer interfaces have been widely used in neurorehabilitation, and an extensive database of results from clinical studies conducted around the world has been accumulated, demonstrating their effectiveness in restoring motor function after a stroke. Currently, their use in post-stroke cognitive impairment is expanding. This article discusses the potential and prospects for using brain-computer interfaces for the treatment of cognitive disorders, reviews the experience of using it, presents the results of clinical studies in stroke patients, evaluates the possibilities of using this technology, describes the prospects, new directions of work on studying its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Borisova
- Vladimirskii Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Isakova
- Vladimirskii Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Kotov
- Vladimirskii Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
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Musso M, Hübner D, Schwarzkopf S, Bernodusson M, LeVan P, Weiller C, Tangermann M. OUP accepted manuscript. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac008. [PMID: 35178518 PMCID: PMC8846581 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mariacristina Musso
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence, BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Hübner
- Cluster of Excellence, BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Brain State Decoding Lab, Department of Computer Science, Technical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Schwarzkopf
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence, BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maria Bernodusson
- Cluster of Excellence, BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Radiology—Medical Physics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pierre LeVan
- Cluster of Excellence, BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Radiology—Medical Physics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Cornelius Weiller
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence, BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Tangermann
- Cluster of Excellence, BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Brain State Decoding Lab, Department of Computer Science, Technical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Donders Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence to: Michael Tangermann Donders Institute, Radboud University Thomas van Aquinostraat 4 6525 GD Nijmegen, The Netherlands E-mail:
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Kotov SV, Slyunkova EV, Borisova VA, Isakova EV. [Effectiveness of brain-computer interfaces and cognitive training using computer technologies in restoring cognitive functions in patients after stroke]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:67-75. [PMID: 36582164 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212212267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) and cognitive training using computer technologies in restoring cognitive functions in poststroke patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-four stroke patients (mean age 59.3±10.8 years) with stroke duration of 5.1±4.7 months, were included. To assess the effectiveness of treatment, patients before and after treatment were tested using memorization of words according to the method of Luria A.R. «10 words», the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT). All patients received standard rehabilitation therapy (exercise therapy, physiotherapy, sessions with a speech therapist-neuropsychologist). Patients of the first group additionally received training on the «Neurochat» complex, patients of the second group - on the «Exokist-2» complex, patients of the third group - cognitive training according to standard programs using computer technology and visual material. RESULTS Patients of the three groups showed a significant improvement in the total MoCA score: in the 1st and 2nd groups - p<0.01, in the 3rd group - p<0.05. According to CDT, there was a significant change in the 2nd group (p=0.018). The Luria method «10 words» revealed an improvement in memory in all groups (p<0.01, p<0.05), being more pronounced in the 1st and 2nd groups. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of BCI in restoring cognitive functions in patients after a stroke in comparison with cognitive training without BCI has been demonstrated. However, there are reasons to believe that various BCIs have a specific effect on cognitive functions and have their own target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Kotov
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Slyunkova
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Borisova
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Isakova
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
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Exploring the Use of Brain-Computer Interfaces in Stroke Neurorehabilitation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9967348. [PMID: 34239936 PMCID: PMC8235968 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9967348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, "brain-computer interfaces" are gradually entering the field of medical rehabilitation. As a result, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been included in many countries' strategic plans for innovating this field, and subsequently, major funding and talent have been invested in this technology. In neurological rehabilitation for stroke patients, the use of BCIs opens up a new chapter in "top-down" rehabilitation. In our study, we first reviewed the latest BCI technologies, then presented recent research advances and landmark findings in BCI-based neurorehabilitation for stroke patients. Neurorehabilitation was focused on the areas of motor, sensory, speech, cognitive, and environmental interactions. Finally, we summarized the shortcomings of BCI use in the field of stroke neurorehabilitation and the prospects for BCI technology development for rehabilitation.
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15
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Classify four imagined objects with EEG signals. EVOLUTIONARY INTELLIGENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12065-021-00577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Delijorge J, Mendoza-Montoya O, Gordillo JL, Caraza R, Martinez HR, Antelis JM. Evaluation of a P300-Based Brain-Machine Interface for a Robotic Hand-Orthosis Control. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:589659. [PMID: 33328860 PMCID: PMC7729175 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.589659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a P300-based brain-machine interface (BMI) developed to control a robotic hand-orthosis. The purpose of this system is to assist patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who cannot open and close their hands by themselves. The user of this interface can select one of six targets, which represent the flexion-extension of one finger independently or the movement of the five fingers simultaneously. We tested offline and online our BMI on eighteen healthy subjects (HS) and eight ALS patients. In the offline test, we used the calibration data of each participant recorded in the experimental sessions to estimate the accuracy of the BMI to classify correctly single epochs as target or non-target trials. On average, the system accuracy was 78.7% for target epochs and 85.7% for non-target trials. Additionally, we observed significant P300 responses in the calibration recordings of all the participants, including the ALS patients. For the BMI online test, each subject performed from 6 to 36 attempts of target selections using the interface. In this case, around 46% of the participants obtained 100% of accuracy, and the average online accuracy was 89.83%. The maximum information transfer rate (ITR) observed in the experiments was 52.83 bit/min, whereas that the average ITR was 18.13 bit/min. The contributions of this work are the following. First, we report the development and evaluation of a mind-controlled robotic hand-orthosis for patients with ALS. To our knowledge, this BMI is one of the first P300-based assistive robotic devices with multiple targets evaluated on people with ALS. Second, we provide a database with calibration data and online EEG recordings obtained in the evaluation of our BMI. This data is useful to develop and compare other BMI systems and test the processing pipelines of similar applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Delijorge
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | - Jose L Gordillo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Caraza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Hector R Martinez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Javier M Antelis
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico
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Draaisma LR, Wessel MJ, Hummel FC. Neurotechnologies as tools for cognitive rehabilitation in stroke patients. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:1249-1261. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1820324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurijn R. Draaisma
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL Valais), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian J. Wessel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL Valais), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Friedhelm C. Hummel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL Valais), Sion, Switzerland
- Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
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18
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Allison BZ, Kübler A, Jin J. 30+ years of P300 brain-computer interfaces. Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13569. [PMID: 32301143 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) directly measure brain activity with no physical movement and translate the neural signals into messages. BCIs that employ the P300 event-related brain potential often have used the visual modality. The end user is presented with flashing stimuli that indicate selections for communication, control, or both. Counting each flash that corresponds to a specific target selection while ignoring other flashes will elicit P300s to only the target selection. P300 BCIs also have been implemented using auditory or tactile stimuli. P300 BCIs have been used with a variety of applications for severely disabled end users in their homes without frequent expert support. P300 BCI research and development has made substantial progress, but challenges remain before these tools can become practical devices for impaired patients and perhaps healthy people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Z Allison
- Cognitive Science Department, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Kübler
- Psychology Department, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jing Jin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
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19
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Wu Q, Yue Z, Ge Y, Ma D, Yin H, Zhao H, Liu G, Wang J, Dou W, Pan Y. Brain Functional Networks Study of Subacute Stroke Patients With Upper Limb Dysfunction After Comprehensive Rehabilitation Including BCI Training. Front Neurol 2020; 10:1419. [PMID: 32082238 PMCID: PMC7000923 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain computer interface (BCI)-based training is promising for the treatment of stroke patients with upper limb (UL) paralysis. However, most stroke patients receive comprehensive treatment that not only includes BCI, but also routine training. The purpose of this study was to investigate the topological alterations in brain functional networks following comprehensive treatment, including BCI training, in the subacute stage of stroke. Twenty-five hospitalized subacute stroke patients with moderate to severe UL paralysis were assigned to one of two groups: 4-week comprehensive treatment, including routine and BCI training (BCI group, BG, n = 14) and 4-week routine training without BCI support (control group, CG, n = 11). Functional UL assessments were performed before and after training, including, Fugl-Meyer Assessment-UL (FMA-UL), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT). Neuroimaging assessment of functional connectivity (FC) in the BG was performed by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. After training, as compared with baseline, all clinical assessments (FMA-UL, ARAT, and WMFT) improved significantly (p < 0.05) in both groups. Meanwhile, better functional improvements were observed in FMA-UL (p < 0.05), ARAT (p < 0.05), and WMFT (p < 0.05) in the BG. Meanwhile, FC of the BG increased across the whole brain, including the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes and subcortical regions. More importantly, increased inter-hemispheric FC between the somatosensory association cortex and putamen was strongly positively associated with UL motor function after training. Our findings demonstrate that comprehensive rehabilitation, including BCI training, can enhance UL motor function better than routine training for subacute stroke patients. The reorganization of brain functional networks topology in subacute stroke patients allows for increased coordination between the multi-sensory and motor-related cortex and the extrapyramidal system. Future long-term, longitudinal, controlled neuroimaging studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of BCI training as an approach to promote brain plasticity during the subacute stage of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zan Yue
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunxiang Ge
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weibei Dou
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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20
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Pichiorri F, Mattia D. Brain-computer interfaces in neurologic rehabilitation practice. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2020; 168:101-116. [PMID: 32164846 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63934-9.00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for neurologic rehabilitation are based on the assumption that by retraining the brain to specific activities, an ultimate improvement of function can be expected. In this chapter, we review the present status, key determinants, and future directions of the clinical use of BCI in neurorehabilitation. The recent advancements in noninvasive BCIs as a therapeutic tool to promote functional motor recovery by inducing neuroplasticity are described, focusing on stroke as it represents the major cause of long-term motor disability. The relevance of recent findings on BCI use in spinal cord injury beyond the control of neuroprosthetic devices to restore motor function is briefly discussed. In a dedicated section, we examine the potential role of BCI technology in the domain of cognitive function recovery by instantiating BCIs in the long history of neurofeedback and some emerging BCI paradigms to address cognitive rehabilitation are highlighted. Despite the knowledge acquired over the last decade and the growing number of studies providing evidence for clinical efficacy of BCI in motor rehabilitation, an exhaustive deployment of this technology in clinical practice is still on its way. The pipeline to translate BCI to clinical practice in neurorehabilitation is the subject of this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Pichiorri
- Neuroelectrical Imaging and Brain Computer Interface Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Mattia
- Neuroelectrical Imaging and Brain Computer Interface Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Abstract
In the past 10 years, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for controlling assistive devices have seen tremendous progress with respect to reliability and learnability, and numerous exemplary applications were demonstrated to be controllable by a BCI. Yet, BCI-controlled applications are hardly used for patients with neurologic or neurodegenerative disease. Such patient groups are considered potential end-users of BCI, specifically for replacing or improving lost function. We argue that BCI research and development still faces a translational gap, i.e., the knowledge of how to bring BCIs from the laboratory to the field is insufficient. BCI-controlled applications lack usability and accessibility; both constitute two sides of one coin, which is the key to use in daily life and to prevent nonuse. To increase usability, we suggest rigorously adopting the user-centered design in applied BCI research and development. To provide accessibility, assistive technology (AT) experts, providers, and other stakeholders have to be included in the user-centered process. BCI experts have to ensure the transfer of knowledge to AT professionals, and listen to the needs of primary, secondary, and tertiary end-users of BCI technology. Addressing both, usability and accessibility, in applied BCI research and development will bridge the translational gap and ensure that the needs of clinical end-users are heard, understood, addressed, and fulfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kübler
- Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Femke Nijboer
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Kleih
- Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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22
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Cogollor JM, Rojo-Lacal J, Hermsdörfer J, Ferre M, Arredondo Waldmeyer MT, Giachritsis C, Armstrong A, Breñosa Martinez JM, Bautista Loza DA, Sebastián JM. Evolution of Cognitive Rehabilitation After Stroke From Traditional Techniques to Smart and Personalized Home-Based Information and Communication Technology Systems: Literature Review. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2018; 5:e4. [PMID: 29581093 PMCID: PMC5891670 DOI: 10.2196/rehab.8548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neurological patients after stroke usually present cognitive deficits that cause dependencies in their daily living. These deficits mainly affect the performance of some of their daily activities. For that reason, stroke patients need long-term processes for their cognitive rehabilitation. Considering that classical techniques are focused on acting as guides and are dependent on help from therapists, significant efforts are being made to improve current methodologies and to use eHealth and Web-based architectures to implement information and communication technology (ICT) systems that achieve reliable, personalized, and home-based platforms to increase efficiency and level of attractiveness for patients and carers. Objective The goal of this work was to provide an overview of the practices implemented for the assessment of stroke patients and cognitive rehabilitation. This study puts together traditional methods and the most recent personalized platforms based on ICT technologies and Internet of Things. Methods A literature review has been distributed to a multidisciplinary team of researchers from engineering, psychology, and sport science fields. The systematic review has been focused on published scientific research, other European projects, and the most current innovative large-scale initiatives in the area. A total of 3469 results were retrieved from Web of Science, 284 studies from Journal of Medical Internet Research, and 15 European research projects from Community Research and Development Information Service from the last 15 years were reviewed for classification and selection regarding their relevance. Results A total of 7 relevant studies on the screening of stroke patients have been presented with 6 additional methods for the analysis of kinematics and 9 studies on the execution of goal-oriented activities. Meanwhile, the classical methods to provide cognitive rehabilitation have been classified in the 5 main techniques implemented. Finally, the review has been finalized with the selection of 8 different ICT–based approaches found in scientific-technical studies, 9 European projects funded by the European Commission that offer eHealth architectures, and other large-scale activities such as smart houses and the initiative City4Age. Conclusions Stroke is one of the main causes that most negatively affect countries in the socioeconomic aspect. The design of new ICT-based systems should provide 4 main features for an efficient and personalized cognitive rehabilitation: support in the execution of complex daily tasks, automatic error detection, home-based performance, and accessibility. Only 33% of the European projects presented fulfilled those requirements at the same time. For this reason, current and future large-scale initiatives focused on eHealth and smart environments should try to solve this situation by providing more complete and sophisticated platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Cogollor
- Centre for Automation and Robotics UPM-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rojo-Lacal
- Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joachim Hermsdörfer
- Institute of Movement Science, Department of Sport and Health Science, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Ferre
- Centre for Automation and Robotics UPM-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Alan Armstrong
- Institute of Movement Science, Department of Sport and Health Science, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - José María Sebastián
- Centre for Automation and Robotics UPM-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Brain-Computer Interface for Clinical Purposes: Cognitive Assessment and Rehabilitation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1695290. [PMID: 28913349 PMCID: PMC5587953 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1695290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alongside the best-known applications of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology for restoring communication abilities and controlling external devices, we present the state of the art of BCI use for cognitive assessment and training purposes. We first describe some preliminary attempts to develop verbal-motor free BCI-based tests for evaluating specific or multiple cognitive domains in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, disorders of consciousness, and other neurological diseases. Then we present the more heterogeneous and advanced field of BCI-based cognitive training, which has its roots in the context of neurofeedback therapy and addresses patients with neurological developmental disorders (autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), stroke patients, and elderly subjects. We discuss some advantages of BCI for both assessment and training purposes, the former concerning the possibility of longitudinally and reliably evaluating cognitive functions in patients with severe motor disabilities, the latter regarding the possibility of enhancing patients' motivation and engagement for improving neural plasticity. Finally, we discuss some present and future challenges in the BCI use for the described purposes.
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