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Sirajo MU, Oyem JC, Badamasi MI. Supplementation with vitamins D3 and a mitigates Parkinsonism in a haloperidol mice model. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 135:102366. [PMID: 38040269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Earlier reports suggest that vitamin D3 (Vit D3) supplementation attenuates Parkinsonism in drug-induced motor deficits. Moreover, the function of Vit D3 may be optimized by co-administration with vitamin A (Vit A). In line with the synergistic interplay between vitamins, we hypothesized that the efficacy of Vit D3 to attenuate Parkinsonism in a haloperidol-induced mouse model of motor deficits would be more potent when concomitantly administered with Vit A. METHODS Thirty-six (36) adult male mice were randomly divided into six groups of six animals each: the control group, the PD model (haloperidol-treated only group) (-D2), and four other groups treated with haloperidol together with either one or two of the following vitamin supplementations: Vit D3, Vit A, Vit D3 +VA, or bromocriptine a known PD drug respectively. Motor functions were assessed using a battery of neurobehavioral tests in experimental animals, after which brain tissues were harvested and processed for biochemical and histomorphological analysis. RESULTS We recorded a significant decline in motor activity in the PD mice model treated with haloperidol alone compared to other experimental groups that received vitamin supplementations. The significant decrease in motor activity observed in the PD mice model corresponded with marked neurodegenerative features in the cytoarchitecture of the pyramidal cells in the striatum and primary motor cortex (M1). Furthermore, the haloperidol-induced PD mice model treated with Vit D3 +Vit A showed significant improvement in motor activity and attenuation of oxidative stress levels and neurodegenerative features compared to other groups treated with Vit A, Vit D3 and bromocriptine alone. CONCLUSION Altogether, our findings suggest that concomitant administration of both Vit D3 and Vit A prevents the development of Parkinsonism features in the haloperidol mouse model of motor deficit. Thus, supplementation with Vit D3 +Vit A may be a viable option for slowing the onset and progression of motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujittapha Umar Sirajo
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Skyline University, Nigeria; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
| | - John C Oyem
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Novena University Ogume, Delta State, Nigeria
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Pearson-Fuhrhop KM, Dunn EC, Mortero S, Devan WJ, Falcone GJ, Lee P, Holmes AJ, Hollinshead MO, Roffman JL, Smoller JW, Rosand J, Cramer SC. Dopamine genetic risk score predicts depressive symptoms in healthy adults and adults with depression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93772. [PMID: 24834916 PMCID: PMC4023941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common source of human disability for which etiologic insights remain limited. Although abnormalities of monoamine neurotransmission, including dopamine, are theorized to contribute to the pathophysiology of depression, evidence linking dopamine-related genes to depression has been mixed. The current study sought to address this knowledge-gap by examining whether the combined effect of dopamine polymorphisms was associated with depressive symptomatology in both healthy individuals and individuals with depression. METHODS Data were drawn from three independent samples: (1) a discovery sample of healthy adult participants (n = 273); (2) a replication sample of adults with depression (n = 1,267); and (3) a replication sample of healthy adult participants (n = 382). A genetic risk score was created by combining functional polymorphisms from five genes involved in synaptic dopamine availability (COMT and DAT) and dopamine receptor binding (DRD1, DRD2, DRD3). RESULTS In the discovery sample, the genetic risk score was associated with depressive symptomatology (β = -0.80, p = 0.003), with lower dopamine genetic risk scores (indicating lower dopaminergic neurotransmission) predicting higher levels of depression. This result was replicated with a similar genetic risk score based on imputed genetic data from adults with depression (β = -0.51, p = 0.04). Results were of similar magnitude and in the expected direction in a cohort of healthy adult participants (β = -0.86, p = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Sequence variation in multiple genes regulating dopamine neurotransmission may influence depressive symptoms, in a manner that appears to be additive. Further studies are required to confirm the role of genetic variation in dopamine metabolism and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Pearson-Fuhrhop
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Erin C. Dunn
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sarah Mortero
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - William J. Devan
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Guido J. Falcone
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Phil Lee
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Avram J. Holmes
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Marisa O. Hollinshead
- Department of Psychology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joshua L. Roffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Rosand
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Steven C. Cramer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
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Genetic variation in the human brain dopamine system influences motor learning and its modulation by L-Dopa. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61197. [PMID: 23613810 PMCID: PMC3629211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is important to learning and plasticity. Dopaminergic drugs are the focus of many therapies targeting the motor system, where high inter-individual differences in response are common. The current study examined the hypothesis that genetic variation in the dopamine system is associated with significant differences in motor learning, brain plasticity, and the effects of the dopamine precursor L-Dopa. Skilled motor learning and motor cortex plasticity were assessed using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design in 50 healthy adults during two study weeks, one with placebo and one with L-Dopa. The influence of five polymorphisms with established effects on dopamine neurotransmission was summed using a gene score, with higher scores corresponding to higher dopaminergic neurotransmission. Secondary hypotheses examined each polymorphism individually. While training on placebo, higher gene scores were associated with greater motor learning (p = .03). The effect of L-Dopa on learning varied with the gene score (gene score*drug interaction, p = .008): participants with lower gene scores, and thus lower endogenous dopaminergic neurotransmission, showed the largest learning improvement with L-Dopa relative to placebo (p<.0001), while L-Dopa had a detrimental effect in participants with higher gene scores (p = .01). Motor cortex plasticity, assessed via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), also showed a gene score*drug interaction (p = .02). Individually, DRD2/ANKK1 genotype was significantly associated with motor learning (p = .02) and its modulation by L-Dopa (p<.0001), but not with any TMS measures. However, none of the individual polymorphisms explained the full constellation of findings associated with the gene score. These results suggest that genetic variation in the dopamine system influences learning and its modulation by L-Dopa. A polygene score explains differences in L-Dopa effects on learning and plasticity most robustly, thus identifying distinct biological phenotypes with respect to L-Dopa effects on learning and plasticity. These findings may have clinical applications in post-stroke rehabilitation or the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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