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He Y, Dong N, Wang X, Lv RJ, Yu Q, Yue HM. Obstructive sleep apnea affects cognition: dual effects of intermittent hypoxia on neurons. Sleep Breath 2024; 28:1051-1065. [PMID: 38308748 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-024-03001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common respiratory disorder. Multiple organs, especially the central nervous system (CNS), are damaged, and dysfunctional when intermittent hypoxia (IH) occurs during sleep for a long time. The quality of life of individuals with OSA is significantly impacted by cognitive decline, which also escalates the financial strain on their families. Consequently, the development of novel therapies becomes imperative. IH induces oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, iron deposition, and neuroinflammation in neurons. Synaptic dysfunction, reactive gliosis, apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and inhibition of neurogenesis can lead to learning and long-term memory impairment. In addition to nerve injury, the role of IH in neuroprotection was also explored. While causing neuron damage, IH activates the neuronal self-repairing mechanism by regulating antioxidant capacity and preventing toxic protein deposition. By stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), IH has the potential to enhance the ratio of neonatal neurons and counteract the decline in neuron numbers. This review emphasizes the perspectives and opportunities for the neuroprotective effects of IH and informs novel insights and therapeutic strategies in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Na Dong
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ren-Jun Lv
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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2
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Zhu Z, Yang P, Jia Y, Wang Y, Shi M, Zhong C, Peng H, Sun L, Guo D, Xu Q, Chen J, Wang A, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y. Plasma Amino Acid Neurotransmitters and Ischemic Stroke Prognosis: A Multicenter Prospective Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:754-762. [PMID: 37793742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma amino acid neurotransmitter dysregulation is suggested to be implicated in the development of ischemic stroke, but its prognostic value for ischemic stroke remains controversial. OBJECTIVE We aimed to prospectively investigate the associations between plasma amino acid neurotransmitters levels and adverse outcomes after ischemic stroke in a large-scale multicenter cohort study. METHODS We measured 4 plasma amino acid neurotransmitters (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glycine) among 3486 patients with ischemic stroke from 26 hospitals across China. The primary outcome is the composite outcome of death or major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3) at 3 mo after ischemic stroke. RESULTS After multivariate adjustment, the odds ratios of death or major disability for the highest versus the lowest quartile were 2.04 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.60,2.59; P-trend < 0.001) for glutamic acid, 2.03 (95% CI: 1.59, 2.59; P-trend < 0.001) for aspartic acid, 1.35 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.71; P-trend = 0.016) for gamma-aminobutyric acid, and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.69; P-trend < 0.001) for glycine. Each standard deviation increment of log-transformed glutamic acid, aspartic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glycine was associated with a 34%, 34%, and 9% increased risk, and a 23% decreased risk of death or major disability, respectively (all P < 0.05), in a linear fashion as indicated by spline regression analyses (all P for linearity < 0.05). Addition of the 4 plasma amino acid neurotransmitters to conventional risk factors significantly improved the risk reclassification, as evidenced by integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Increased glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and gamma-aminobutyric acid and decreased glycine in plasma are associated with adverse outcomes after ischemic stroke, suggesting that plasma amino acid neurotransmitters may be potential intervention targets for improving prognosis of ischemic stroke. The CATIS trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT01840072; URL: ===https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01840072?cond=NCT01840072&draw=2&rank=1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Pinni Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiming Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Chongke Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daoxia Guo
- School of Nursing, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Dihydromyricetin ameliorates social isolation-induced anxiety by modulating mitochondrial function, antioxidant enzymes, and BDNF. Neurobiol Stress 2022; 21:100499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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A Panax quinquefolius-Based Preparation Prevents the Impact of 5-FU on Activity/Exploration Behaviors and Not on Cognitive Functions Mitigating Gut Microbiota and Inflammation in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184403. [PMID: 36139563 PMCID: PMC9496716 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and fatigue worsen the quality of life (QoL) of cancer patients. Multicenter studies have shown that Panax quinquefolius and vitamin C, respectively, were effective in reducing the symptoms of fatigue in treated cancer patients. We developed a behavioral C57Bl/6j mouse model to study the impact of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy on activity/fatigue, emotional reactivity and cognitive functions. We used this model to evaluate the potentially beneficial role of a Panax quinquefolius-based solution containing vitamin C (Qiseng®) or vitamin C alone in these chemotherapy side effects. We established that Qiseng® prevents the reduction in activity/exploration and symptoms of fatigue induced by 5-FU and dampens chemotherapy-induced intestinal dysbiosis and systemic inflammation. We further showed that Qiseng® decreases macrophage infiltration in the intestinal compartment, thus preventing, at least in part, the systemic elevation of IL-6 and MCP-1 and further reducing the neuroinflammation likely responsible for the fatigue induced by chemotherapy, a major advance toward improving the QoL of patients. Abstract Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and fatigue constitute common complaints among cancer patient survivors. Panax quinquefolius has been shown to be effective against fatigue in treated cancer patients. We developed a behavioral C57Bl/6j mouse model to study the role of a Panax quinquefolius-based solution containing vitamin C (Qiseng®) or vitamin C alone in activity/fatigue, emotional reactivity and cognitive functions impacted by 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. 5-FU significantly reduces the locomotor/exploration activity potentially associated with fatigue, evokes spatial cognitive impairments and leads to a decreased neurogenesis within the hippocampus (Hp). Qiseng® fully prevents the impact of chemotherapy on activity/fatigue and on neurogenesis, specifically in the ventral Hp. We observed that the chemotherapy treatment induces intestinal damage and inflammation associated with increased levels of Lactobacilli in mouse gut microbiota and increased expression of plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines, notably IL-6 and MCP-1. We demonstrated that Qiseng® prevents the 5-FU-induced increase in Lactobacilli levels and further compensates the 5-FU-induced cytokine release. Concomitantly, in the brains of 5-FU-treated mice, Qiseng® partially attenuates the IL-6 receptor gp130 expression associated with a decreased proliferation of neural stem cells in the Hp. In conclusion, Qiseng® prevents the symptoms of fatigue, reduced chemotherapy-induced neuroinflammation and altered neurogenesis, while regulating the mouse gut microbiota composition, thus protecting against intestinal and systemic inflammation.
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Agrawal S, Singh V, Singh C, Singh A. A review on pathophysiological aspects of Sleep Deprivation. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-123413. [PMID: 35549867 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220512092718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) (also referred as insomnia) is a condition in which peoples fails to get enough sleep due to excessive yawning, facing difficulty to learn new concepts, forgetfulness as well as depressed mood. This could be occurs due to several possible reasons including medications, stress (caused by shift work). Despite the fact that sleep is important for the normal physiology, it currently affects millions of people around the world US (70 million) and Europe (45 million). Due to increase work demand nowadays lots of peoples experiencing sleep deprivation hence, this could be the reason for several car accident followed by death and morbidity. This review highlighted the impact of SD on neurotransmitter release and functions, theories (Flip-flop theory, oxidative stress theory, neuroinflammation theory, neurotransmitter theory, and hormonal theory) associated with SD pathogenesis apart from this it also demonstrate the molecular pathways underlying SD (PI3K and Akt , NF-κB, Nrf2, and adenosine pathway. However, this study also elaborates the SD induced changes in the level of neurotransmitters, hormonal, and mitochondrial functions. Along with this, it also covers several molecular aspects associated with SD as well. Through this study a link is made between SD and associated causes, which will further help to develop potential therapeutic strategy against SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Agrawal
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Vishesh Singh
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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Arora S, Dharavath RN, Bansal Y, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK, Chopra K. Neurobehavioral alterations in a mouse model of chronic partial sleep deprivation. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1315-1330. [PMID: 33740181 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00693-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The night shift paradigm induces a state of chronic partial sleep deprivation (CPSD) and enhances the vulnerability to neuronal dysfunction. However, the specific neuronal impact of CPSD has not been thoroughly explored to date. In the current study, the night shift condition was mimicked in female Swiss albino mice. The classical sleep deprivation model, i.e., Modified Multiple Platform (MMP) method, was used for 8 h/day from Monday to Friday with Saturday and Sunday as a weekend off for nine weeks. Following nine weeks of night shift schedule, their neurobehavioral profile and physiological parameters were assessed along with the activity of the mitochondrial complexes, oxidative stress, serotonin levels, and inflammatory markers in the brain. Mice showed an overall hyperactive behavioral profile including hyperlocomotion, aggression, and stereotyped behavior accompanied by decreased activity of mitochondrial enzymes and serotonin levels, increased oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in whole brain homogenates. Collectively, the study points towards the occurrence of a hyperactive behavioral profile akin to mania and psychosis as a potential consequence of CPSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyana Arora
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Sector 14, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ravinder Naik Dharavath
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Sector 14, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yashika Bansal
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Sector 14, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Sector 14, 160014, Chandigarh, India.
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7
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Lu Z, Hu Y, Wang Y, Zhang T, Long J, Liu J. Topological reorganizations of mitochondria isolated from rat brain after 72 hours of paradoxical sleep deprivation, revealed by electron cryo-tomography. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C17-C25. [PMID: 33979213 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00077.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation has profound influence on several aspects of health and disease. Mitochondria dysfunction has been implicated to play an essential role in the neuronal cellular damage induced by sleep deprivation, but little is known about how neuronal mitochondrial ultrastructure is affected under sleep deprivation. In this report, we utilized electron cryo-tomography to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3-D) mitochondrial structure and extracted morphometric parameters to quantitatively characterize its reorganizations. Isolated mitochondria from the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats after 72 h of paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) were reconstructed and analyzed. Statistical analysis of six morphometric parameters specific to the mitochondrial inner membrane topology revealed identical pattern of changes in both the hippocampus and cerebral cortex but with higher significance levels in the hippocampus. The structural differences were indistinguishable by conventional phenotypic methods based on two-dimensional electron microscopy images or 3-D electron tomography reconstructions. Furthermore, to correlate structure alterations with mitochondrial functions, high-resolution respirometry was employed to investigate the effects of PSD on mitochondrial respiration, which showed that PSD significantly suppressed the mitochondrial respiratory capacity of the hippocampus, whereas the isolated mitochondria from the cerebral cortex were less affected. These results demonstrate the capability of the morphometric parameters for quantifying complex structural reorganizations and suggest a correlation between PSD and inner membrane architecture/respiratory functions of the brain mitochondria with variable effects in different brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyang Lu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yachong Hu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongyao Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Mosca A, Del Casale A, Borro M, Gentile G, Pomes LM, Padovano A, Fiaschè F, Pinzone V, Rapinesi C, Zoppi T, Brugnoli R, Sani G, Kotzalidis GD, Girardi P, Ferracuti S, Simmaco M, Pompili M. PON1 polymorphisms can predict generalized anxiety and depressed mood in patients with multiple chemical sensitivity. Per Med 2021; 18:255-267. [PMID: 33728967 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2019-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a chronic condition with somatic, cognitive and affective symptoms that follow contact with chemical agents at usually non toxic concentrations. We aimed to assess the role of genetic polymorphisms involved in oxidative stress on anxiety and depression in MCS. Materials & methods: Our study investigated the CAT rs1001179, MPO rs2333227, PON1 rs662 and PON1 rs705379 polymorphisms in MCS. Results: The AG genotype of the PON1 rs662 and the TT and CT genotypes of the PON1 rs705379 were involved in anxiety and depression. Discussion: These results are in line with existing evidence of PON1 involvement in MCS and suggest a further role of this gene in the exhibition of anxiety and depression in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mosca
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Dynamic & Clinical Psychology, & Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Psychiatry, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Borro
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Laboratory & Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gentile
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Laboratory & Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Leda Marina Pomes
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Laboratory & Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Padovano
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Psychiatry, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Fiaschè
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Psychiatry, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Pinzone
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Psychiatry, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Teodolinda Zoppi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Psychiatry, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Brugnoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Psychiatry, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Institute of Psychiatry & Psychology, Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience & Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS "A. Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios Demetrios Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Psychiatry, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University; Unit of Risk Management, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Laboratory & Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, & Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine & Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Psychiatry, 'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Yang L, Hou A, Zhang J, Wang S, Man W, Yu H, Zheng S, Wang X, Liu S, Jiang H. Panacis Quinquefolii Radix: A Review of the Botany, Phytochemistry, Quality Control, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Industrial Applications Research Progress. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:602092. [PMID: 33381041 PMCID: PMC7768635 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.602092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
On January 2, 2020, The National Health Commission and the State Administration for Market Regulation listed Panacis Quinquefolii Radix (PQR) as a medicinal and food homologous product. PQR is the dry root of Panax quinquefolium L., which has the functions of replenishing qi and nourishing Yin, clearing heat and producing body fluid. It is often used for qi deficiency and Yin deficiency, heat exhaustion, asthma and phlegm, dry mouth and pharynx. PQR is sweet, slightly bitter and cool in nature, and enter the heart, lung and kidney meridian exerts the remedial and hygienical effect. At present, active components such as saponins, flavonoids, fatty acids, polyalkynes, volatile oils and other nutrients such as amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and trace elements have been isolated from PQR. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that PQR has the effects of hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, anti fatigue, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective and so on. In addition, PQR is recognized as a health care product to strengthen the body and dispel diseases. It is not only the raw material of Traditional Chinese medicine preparations, but also the treasure of dietary therapy and herbal cuisine. This study not only reviewed the botany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of PQR, but also summarized its quality control, toxicity and industrial applications for the first time. This paper not only summarizes the development status of PQR, but also analyzes the shortcomings of the current research on PQR, and puts forward the corresponding solutions, in order to provide reference for future scholars to study PQR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Songtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Del Casale A, Ferracuti S, Mosca A, Pomes LM, Fiaschè F, Bonanni L, Borro M, Gentile G, Martelletti P, Simmaco M. Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Syndrome: A Principal Component Analysis of Symptoms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186551. [PMID: 32916833 PMCID: PMC7558401 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) is a chronic and/or recurrent condition with somatic, cognitive, and affective symptoms following a contact with chemical agents whose concentrations do not correlate with toxicity in the general population. Its prevalence is not well defined; it mainly affects women between 40 and 50 years, without variations in ethnicity, education and economic status. We aimed to assess the core symptoms of this illness in a sample of Italian patients. Two physicians investigated different symptoms with a checklist compilation in 129 patients with MCS (117 women). We conducted a categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA) with Varimax rotation on the checklist dataset. A typical triad was documented: hyperosmia, asthenia, and dyspnoea were the most common symptoms. Patients also frequently showed cough and headache. The CATPCA showed seven main factors: 1, neurocognitive symptoms; 2, physical (objective) symptoms; 3, gastrointestinal symptoms; 4, dermatological symptoms; 5, anxiety-depressive symptoms; 6, respiratory symptoms; 7, hyperosmia and asthenia. Patients showed higher mean prevalence of factors 7 (89.9%), 6 (71.7%), and 1 (62.13%). In conclusion, MCS patients frequently manifest hyperosmia, asthenia, and dyspnoea, which are often concomitant with other respiratory and neurocognitive symptoms. Considering the clinical association that is often made with anxiety, more studies are necessary on the psychosomatic aspects of this syndrome. Further analytical epidemiological studies are needed to support the formulation of aetiological hypotheses of MCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, ‘Sant’Andrea’ University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Unit of Risk Management, ‘Sant’Andrea’ University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Mosca
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Leda Marina Pomes
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.P.); (F.F.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (M.S.)
- Unit of Laboratory and Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, ‘Sant’Andrea’ University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Fiaschè
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.P.); (F.F.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Luca Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.P.); (F.F.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Marina Borro
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.P.); (F.F.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (M.S.)
- Unit of Laboratory and Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, ‘Sant’Andrea’ University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gentile
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.P.); (F.F.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (M.S.)
- Unit of Laboratory and Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, ‘Sant’Andrea’ University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Martelletti
- Department of Medical and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Headache Centre Unit, ‘Sant’Andrea’ University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.M.P.); (F.F.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (M.S.)
- Unit of Laboratory and Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, ‘Sant’Andrea’ University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
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11
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The role of hippocampal GABA A receptors on anxiolytic effects of Echium amoenum extract in a mice model of restraint stress. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6487-6496. [PMID: 32778988 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Echium amoenum (EA), a popular medicinal plant in Persian medicine, has anxiolytic, antioxidant, sedative, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study examined whether GABA-ergic signaling is involved in the anxiolytic effects of EA in mice. Sixty BALB/c mice (25-30 g) were divided into six groups (n = 10) as follows: the (I) control group received 10 ml/kg normal saline (NS). In the stress groups, the animals underwent 14 consecutive days of restraint stress (RS), and received following treatments simultaneously; (II) RS + NS; (III) RS + Diaz (Diazepam); (IV) RS + EA; (V) RS + Flu (Flumazenil) + EA; (VI) RS + Flu + Diaz. Behavioral tests including the open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) were performed to evaluate anxiety-like behaviors and the effects of the regimens. The plasma level of corticosterone and the hippocampal protein expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, CREB, and BDNF, as well as p-GABAA/GABAA ratio, were also assessed. The findings revealed that chronic administration of EA alone produced anxiolytic effects in both behavioral tests, while diazepam alone or in combination with Flu failed to decrease the anxiety-like behaviors. Furthermore, the p-GABAA/GABAA and p-CREB/CREB ratios, and protein levels of BDNF were significantly increased in the EA-received group. On the other hand, plasma corticosterone levels and the hippocampal IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly decreased by EA. However, pre-treatment with GABAA receptors (GABAA Rs) antagonist, Flu, reversed the anxiolytic and molecular effects of EA in the RS-subjected animals. Our findings confirmed that alternation of GABAAR is involved in the effects of EA against RS-induced anxiety-like behaviors, HPA axis activation, and neuroinflammation.
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12
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Nollet M, Wisden W, Franks NP. Sleep deprivation and stress: a reciprocal relationship. Interface Focus 2020; 10:20190092. [PMID: 32382403 PMCID: PMC7202382 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2019.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is highly conserved across evolution, suggesting vital biological functions that are yet to be fully understood. Animals and humans experiencing partial sleep restriction usually exhibit detrimental physiological responses, while total and prolonged sleep loss could lead to death. The perturbation of sleep homeostasis is usually accompanied by an increase in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity, leading to a rise in circulating levels of stress hormones (e.g. cortisol in humans, corticosterone in rodents). Such hormones follow a circadian release pattern under undisturbed conditions and participate in the regulation of sleep. The investigation of the consequences of sleep deprivation, from molecular changes to behavioural alterations, has been used to study the fundamental functions of sleep. However, the reciprocal relationship between sleep and the activity of the HPA axis is problematic when investigating sleep using traditional sleep-deprivation protocols that can induce stress per se. This is especially true in studies using rodents in which sleep deprivation is achieved by exogenous, and potentially stressful, sensory–motor stimulations that can undoubtedly confuse their conclusions. While more research is needed to explore the mechanisms underlying sleep loss and health, avoiding stress as a confounding factor in sleep-deprivation studies is therefore crucial. This review examines the evidence of the intricate links between sleep and stress in the context of experimental sleep deprivation, and proposes a more sophisticated research framework for sleep-deprivation procedures that could benefit from recent progress in biotechnological tools for precise neuromodulation, such as chemogenetics and optogenetics, as well as improved automated real-time sleep-scoring algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Nollet
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - William Wisden
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK.,Centre for Neurotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas P Franks
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK.,Centre for Neurotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
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13
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Fish Oil, but Not Olive Oil, Ameliorates Depressive-Like Behavior and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Rats under Chronic Mild Stress. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100516. [PMID: 31546592 PMCID: PMC6843453 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the effects of fish oil and olive oil in improving dysbiosis and depressive-like symptoms. Methods and results: Male rats were fed normal, fish oil-rich or olive oil-rich diets for 14 weeks. Chronic mild stress (CMS) was administered from week 2. The sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST) were used to determine depressive-like behavior. The SPT results revealed that the CMS, CMS with imipramine (CMS+P) treatment, and CMS with olive oil diet (CMS+O) groups exhibited significantly reduced sucrose intake from week 8, whereas the fish oil diet (CMS+F) group exhibited significantly reduced sucrose intake from week 10. The FST results showed that the immobile time of the CMS+F group was significantly less than that of the CMS-only group. Next generation sequencing (NGS) results showed CMS significantly reduced the abundance of Lactobacillus and increased that of Marvinbryantia and Ruminiclostridium_6. However, the CMS+F group showed an increase in the abundance of Eisenbergiella, Ruminococcaceae_UCG_009, and Holdemania, whereas the CMS+O group showed an increase in the abundance of Akkermansia. Conclusions: CMS stimuli altered the gut microbiome in depressed rats. Fish oil and olive oil exerted part of a prebiotic-like effect to ameliorate dysbiosis induced by CMS. However, only fish oil ameliorated depressive-like symptoms.
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14
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Szczuka D, Nowak A, Zakłos-Szyda M, Kochan E, Szymańska G, Motyl I, Blasiak J. American Ginseng ( Panax quinquefolium L.) as a Source of Bioactive Phytochemicals with Pro-Health Properties. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1041. [PMID: 31075951 PMCID: PMC6567205 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Panax quinquefolium L. (American Ginseng, AG) is an herb characteristic for regions of North America and Asia. Due to its beneficial properties it has been extensively investigated for decades. Nowadays, it is one of the most commonly applied medical herbs worldwide. Active compounds of AG are ginsenosides, saponins of the glycosides group that are abundant in roots, leaves, stem, and fruits of the plant. Ginsenosides are suggested to be primarily responsible for health-beneficial effects of AG. AG acts on the nervous system; it was reported to improve the cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, display anxiolytic activity, and neuroprotective effects against neuronal damage resulting from ischemic stroke in animals, demonstrate anxiolytic activity, and induce neuroprotective effects against neuronal damage in ischemic stroke in animals. Administration of AG leads to inhibition of hypertrophy in heart failure by regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mice as well as depletion of cardiac contractile function in rats. It also has an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity potential as it increases insulin sensitivity and inhibits formation of adipose tissue. AG displays anti-cancer effect by induction of apoptosis of cancer cells and reducing local inflammation. It exerts antimicrobial effects against several pathogenic strains of bacteria. Therefore, AG presents a high potential to induce beneficial health effects in humans and should be further explored to formulate precise nutritional recommendations, as well as to assess its value in prevention and therapy of some disorders, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Szczuka
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Adriana Nowak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Zakłos-Szyda
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kochan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Szymańska
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ilona Motyl
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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15
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Mokrousov IS, Perfilova VN, Prokofiev II, Popova TA, Vodopyanova EG, Vasil'eva OS, Tyurenkov IN. Effect of a new cyclic derivative of GABA, RGPU-207, on the functions of cardiac and cerebral mitochondria of stressed animals. J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 71:1055-1064. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a new derivative of GABA, RGPU-207 compound, on the mitochondrial functions of stressed animals.
Methods
RGPU-207 and the comparator drugs (phenibut and piracetam) were administered intraperitoneally to unstressed and stressed male rats at a dose of 9.4, 25 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The oxygen consumption by cardiac and cerebral mitochondria in state 3 and 4 and Chance's respiratory control ratio (RCR) was investigated. The concentration of lipid peroxidation products (LPO) such as malondialdehyde (MDA), conjugated dienes (CD) and diketones was evaluated in the isolated mitochondria, as well as the activity of the antioxidant system (AOS) enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP) and catalase).
Key findings
A new cyclic GABA derivative, RGPU-207 compound, at the dose of 9.4 mg/kg promotes a decline in MDA, diketone and CD concentrations in mitochondria and increases the levels of SOD, GP and catalase activity. Mitochondrial functional activity increases: oxygen consumption by cerebral mitochondria in state 4 decreases when complex I of the respiratory chain is activated, while malate-dependent state 3 respiration of cardiac mitochondria tends to increase. RCR of cardiac mitochondria increases when complexes I and II are involved. In cerebral mitochondria, malate-dependent and succinate-dependent RCR rise.
Conclusions
Twenty-four-hour immobilization and pain stress activate LPO processes inhibit the activity of the aos enzymes and decrease the functional activity of cardiac and cerebral mitochondria. RGPU-207 restricts LPO, enhances the antioxidant enzyme activity and improves the mitochondrial respiration. The efficacy of RGPU-207 is comparable with phenibut and piracetam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Sergeevich Mokrousov
- Department for Pharmacology and Biopharmacy, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation
| | | | - Igor Igorevich Prokofiev
- Department for Pharmacology and Biopharmacy, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation
| | - Tamara Alexandrovna Popova
- Department for Basic and Clinical Biochemistry, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation
| | | | - Olga Sergeevna Vasil'eva
- Department for Organic Chemistry, Herzen State Pedagogical University, St.Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan Nikolaevich Tyurenkov
- Department for Pharmacology and Biopharmacy, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation
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16
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A preliminary review of studies on adaptogens: comparison of their bioactivity in TCM with that of ginseng-like herbs used worldwide. Chin Med 2018; 13:57. [PMID: 30479654 PMCID: PMC6240259 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern studies have shown that adaptogens can non-specifically enhance the resistance of human body under a wide range of external stress conditions with a multi-targeted and multi-channel network-like manner, especially by affect the immune-neuro-endocrine system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. This review article draws the attention to the relationships of adaptogens, tonics from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and ginseng-like herbs worldwide, which all have similar plant sources and clinical applications. To clarify the sources and pharmacological mechanisms of these plant-originated adaptogens, which will provide useful information for the utilization of adaptogens to improve the human health. Meanwhile, the TCMs and the world-wide ginseng-like herbs from each region’s ethnopharmacology will be beneficial modernization and globalization.
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17
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Fedoce ADG, Ferreira F, Bota RG, Bonet-Costa V, Sun PY, Davies KJA. The role of oxidative stress in anxiety disorder: cause or consequence? Free Radic Res 2018; 52:737-750. [PMID: 29742940 PMCID: PMC6218334 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1475733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the USA affecting 18% of the population. The cause(s) of anxiety disorders is/are not completely clear, and research in the neurobiology of anxiety at the molecular level is still rather limited. Although mounting clinical and preclinical evidence now indicates that oxidative stress may be a major component of anxiety pathology, whether oxidative stress is the cause or consequence remains elusive. Studies conducted over the past few years suggest that anxiety disorders may be characterised by lowered antioxidant defences and increased oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. In particular, oxidative modifications to proteins have actually been proposed as a potential factor in the onset and progression of several psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depressive disorders. Oxidised proteins are normally degraded by the proteasome proteolytic complex in the cell cytoplasm, nucleus, and endoplasmic reticulum. The Lon protease performs a similar protective function inside mitochondria. Impairment of the proteasome and/or the Lon protease results in the accumulation of toxic oxidised proteins in the brain, which can cause severe neuronal trauma. Recent evidence points to possible proteolytic dysfunction and accumulation of damaged, oxidised proteins as factors that may determine the appearance and severity of psychotic symptoms in mood disorders. Thus, critical interactions between oxidative stress, proteasome, and the Lon protease may provide keys to the molecular mechanisms involved in emotional regulation, and may also be of great help in designing and screening novel anxiolytics and antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra das Graças Fedoce
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Frederico Ferreira
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Laboratory on Thymus Research, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robert G. Bota
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868
| | - Vicent Bonet-Costa
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Patrick Y. Sun
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Kelvin J. A. Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
- Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, & Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
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18
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Dhaliwal J, Singh D, Singh S, Pinnaka A, Boparai R, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi K, Chopra K. Lactobacillus plantarumMTCC 9510 supplementation protects from chronic unpredictable and sleep deprivation-induced behaviour, biochemical and selected gut microbial aberrations in mice. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:257-269. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Dhaliwal
- Pharmacology Division; University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS); Panjab University; Chandigarh Punjab India
| | - D.P. Singh
- Pharmacology Division; University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS); Panjab University; Chandigarh Punjab India
- National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI); SAS Nagar; Mohali Punjab India
- Toxicology Division; National Institute of Occupational Health; Meghani Nagar Ahmedabad Gujarat India
| | - S. Singh
- National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI); SAS Nagar; Mohali Punjab India
| | - A.K. Pinnaka
- Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank; CSIR - Institute of Microbial Technology; Chandigarh Punjab India
| | - R.K. Boparai
- Department of Biotechnology; Government College for Girls; Chandigarh Punjab India
| | - M. Bishnoi
- National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI); SAS Nagar; Mohali Punjab India
- Functional Foods Research Laboratory; University of Southern Queensland; Toowoomba-4350 Queensland Australia
| | - K.K. Kondepudi
- National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI); SAS Nagar; Mohali Punjab India
| | - K. Chopra
- Pharmacology Division; University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS); Panjab University; Chandigarh Punjab India
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19
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Jakaria M, Kim J, Karthivashan G, Park SY, Ganesan P, Choi DK. Emerging signals modulating potential of ginseng and its active compounds focusing on neurodegenerative diseases. J Ginseng Res 2018; 43:163-171. [PMID: 30976157 PMCID: PMC6437449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Common features of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) include progressive dysfunctions and neuronal injuries leading to deterioration in normal brain functions. At present, ginseng is one of the most frequently used natural products. Its use has a long history as a cure for various diseases because its extracts and active compounds exhibit several pharmacological properties against several disorders. However, the pathophysiology of NDDs is not fully clear, but researchers have found that various ion channels and specific signaling pathways might have contributed to the disease pathogenesis. Apart from the different pharmacological potentials, ginseng and its active compounds modulate various ion channels and specific molecular signaling pathways related to the nervous system. Here, we discuss the signal modulating potential of ginseng and its active compounds mainly focusing on those relevant to NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jakaria
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonsoo Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Govindarajan Karthivashan
- Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease, and Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Palanivel Ganesan
- Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease, and Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease, and Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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20
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Parsa H, Imani A, Faghihi M, Riahi E, Badavi M, Shakoori A, Rastegar T, Aghajani M, Rajani SF. Acute sleep deprivation preconditions the heart against ischemia/ reperfusion injury: the role of central GABA-A receptors. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:1232-1241. [PMID: 29299201 PMCID: PMC5749358 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.9539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Central γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission modulates cardiovascular functions and sleep. Acute sleep deprivation (ASD) affects functions of various body organs via different mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the effect of ASD on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), and studied the role of GABA-A receptor inhibition in central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) by assessing nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CeA in sixty male Wistar rats was cannulated for saline or bicuculline (GABA-A receptor antagonist) administration. All animals underwent 30 min of coronary occlusion (ischemia), followed by 2 hr reperfusion (IR). The five experimental groups (n=12) included are as follows: IR: received saline; BIC+IR: received Bicuculline; MLP+IR: received saline, followed by the placement of animals in an aquarium with multiple large platforms; ASD+IR: underwent ASD in an aquarium with multiple small platforms; and BIC+ASD+IR: received bicuculline prior to ASD. RESULTS Bicuculline administration increased the malondialdehyde levels and infarct size, and decreased the NO metabolites levels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas in comparison to IR group. ASD reduced malondialdehyde levels and infarct size and increased NO metabolites, corticosterone levels and eNOS expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas as compared to the IR group. Levels of malondialdehyde were increased while levels of NO metabolites, corticosterone and eNOS expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas were reduced in the BIC+ASD+IR as compared to the ASD+IR group. CONCLUSION Blockade of GABA-A receptors in the CeA abolishes ASD-induced cardioprotection by suppressing oxidative stress and NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Parsa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Imani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Occupational Sleep Research Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Faghihi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Riahi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Abbas Shakoori
- Department of Genetic, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Rastegar
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Aghajani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sulail Fatima Rajani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
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