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Kumar N, Mathur A, Bunker SK, John PJ. Cell Cycle dysregulation on prenatal and postnatal Arsenic exposure in skin of Wistar rat neonates. Xenobiotica 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37449383 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2023.2237102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the effects of prenatal and postnatal (until weaning period) arsenic exposure given via pregnant females on Wistar rat neonates. Pregnant female rats were divided in four groups - control, low dose, moderate dose and high dose groups of sodium arsenite exposure during gestation and weaning period. Half of the neonates were sacrificed at day 1 of birth and other half at day 21 of birth. Cell cycle analysis in epidermal keratinocytes using flowcytometer revealed that there was a consistent increase in number of cells in G2/M phase from 0.04% in control group to 0.88%, 1.59% and 2.77% in low, moderate and high dose groups respectively for neonates sacrificed at day-1. Whereas, the increase in number of cells with increasing doses in G2/M phase of neonates sacrificed at day-21 was from 3.44% to 5.1%, 6.82%, and 9.17%. At postnatal day 21, mRNA expression of Cyclin A and B1, p53, Caspases 3, 7 and 9, and Bax were found to be up-regulated. Whereas that of Cyclin E, CDK 1 and 2 and Bcl2 were down regulated consistently in skin tissues of arsenic exposed groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kumar
- Centre for advanced studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India - 302004
| | - Astha Mathur
- Centre for advanced studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India - 302004
| | - Suresh Kumar Bunker
- Centre for advanced studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India - 302004
| | - Placheril J John
- Centre for advanced studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India - 302004
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2
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de Paula Arrifano G, Crespo-Lopez ME, Lopes-Araújo A, Santos-Sacramento L, Barthelemy JL, de Nazaré CGL, Freitas LGR, Augusto-Oliveira M. Neurotoxicity and the Global Worst Pollutants: Astroglial Involvement in Arsenic, Lead, and Mercury Intoxication. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:1047-1065. [PMID: 35997862 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a global threat and represents a strong risk factor for human health. It is estimated that pollution causes about 9 million premature deaths every year. Pollutants that can cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the central nervous system are of special concern, because of their potential to cause neurological and development disorders. Arsenic, lead and mercury are usually ranked as the top three in priority lists of regulatory agencies. Against xenobiotics, astrocytes are recognised as the first line of defence in the CNS, being involved in virtually all brain functions, contributing to homeostasis maintenance. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the astroglial involvement in the neurotoxicity induced by these pollutants. Beginning by the main toxicokinetic characteristics, this review also highlights the several astrocytic mechanisms affected by these pollutants, involving redox system, neurotransmitter and glucose metabolism, and cytokine production/release, among others. Understanding how these alterations lead to neurological disturbances (including impaired memory, deficits in executive functions, and motor and visual disfunctions), by revisiting the current knowledge is essential for future research and development of therapies and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela de Paula Arrifano
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Amanda Lopes-Araújo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Letícia Santos-Sacramento
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Jean L Barthelemy
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Caio Gustavo Leal de Nazaré
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo R Freitas
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Marcus Augusto-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
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3
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Wang H, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang R, Wang X, Zhang Q, Wei Y, Fang F, Yuan Y, Zhou Q, Dong Y, Shi S, Jiang X, Li X. TNF-α derived from arsenite-induced microglia activation mediated neuronal necroptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113468. [PMID: 35378400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, an identified environmental toxicant, poses threats to the health of human beings through contaminated water and food. Recently, increasing reports focused on arsenic-induced nerve damage, however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Microglia are important immune cells in the nervous system, which produce a large number of inflammatory factors including TNF-α when activated. Recent reports indicated that TNF-α is involved in the process of necroptosis, a new type of programmed cell death discovered recently. Although there were evidences suggested that arsenic could induce both microglia activation and TNF-α production in the nervous system, the mechanism of arsenic-induced neurotoxicity due to microglia activation is rarely studied. In addition, the role of microglia-derived TNF-α in response to arsenic exposure in necroptosis has not been documented before. In this study, we found that arsenite induced microglial activation through p38 MAPK signaling pathway, leading to the production of TNF-α. Microglia-derived TNF-α further induced necroptosis in the neuronal cells. Our findings suggested that necroptosis induced by microglia-derived TNF-α upon arsenite exposure partially played a role in arsenic-induced cell death which underlie the fundamental event of arsenic-related neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xudan Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ruo Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qianhui Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuting Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yinqiao Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Sainan Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiaojing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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4
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Niño SA, Chi-Ahumada E, Carrizales L, Estrada-Sánchez AM, Gonzalez-Billault C, Zarazúa S, Concha L, Jiménez-Capdeville ME. Life-long arsenic exposure damages the microstructure of the rat hippocampus. Brain Res 2022; 1775:147742. [PMID: 34848172 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate that arsenic exposure is associated with cognitive dysfunction. Experimental arsenic exposure models showed learning and memory deficits and molecular changes resembling the functional and pathologic neurodegeneration features. The present work focuses on hippocampal pathological changes in Wistar rats induced by continuous arsenic exposure from in utero up to 12 months of age, evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging along with immunohistochemistry. Diffusion-weighted images revealed age-related lower fractional anisotropy and higher radial-axial and mean diffusivity at 6 and 12 months, indicating that arsenic exposure leads to hippocampal demyelination. These structural alterations were paralleled by immunohistochemical changes that showed a significant loss of myelin basic protein in CA1 and CA3 regions accompanied by increased glial fibrillary acidic protein expression at all time-points studied. Concomitantly, arsenic exposure induced an altered morphology of astrocytes at all studied ages, whereas increased synaptogenesis was only observed at two months of age. These results suggest that environmental arsenic exposure is linked to impaired hippocampal connectivity and perhaps early glial senescence, which together might resemble a premature aging phenomenon leading to cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A Niño
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Erika Chi-Ahumada
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Leticia Carrizales
- Coordination for Innovation and Application of Science and Technology (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ana María Estrada-Sánchez
- División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT), San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Christian Gonzalez-Billault
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Sergio Zarazúa
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Luis Concha
- Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - María E Jiménez-Capdeville
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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5
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Jamal Z, Das J, Ghosh S, Gupta A, Chattopadhyay S, Chatterji U. Arsenic-induced immunomodulatory effects disorient the survival-death interface by stabilizing the Hsp90/Beclin1 interaction. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124647. [PMID: 31466007 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ground water arsenic contamination is a global menace. Since arsenic may affect the immune system, leading to immunesuppression, we investigated the effects of acute arsenic exposure on the thymus and spleen using Swiss albino mice, exposed to 5 ppm, 15 ppm and 300 ppm of sodium arsenite for 7 d. Effects on cytokine balance and cell survivability were subsequently analyzed. Our data showed that arsenic treatment induced debilitating alterations in the tissue architecture of thymus and spleen. A dose-dependent decrease in the ratio of CD4+-CD8+ T-cells was observed along with a pro-inflammatory response and redox imbalance. In addition, pioneering evidences established the ability of arsenic to induce an up regulation of Hsp90, eventually resulting in stabilization of its client protein Beclin-1, an important autophagy-initiating factor. This association initiated the autophagic process, confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay, acridine orange staining and Western blot, indicating the effort of cells trying to survive at lower doses. However, increased arsenic assault led to apoptotic cell death in the lymphoid organs, possibly by increased ROS generation. There are several instances of autophagy and apoptosis taking place either simultaneously or sequentially due to oxidative stress. Since arsenic is a potent environmental stress factor, exposure to arsenic led to a dose-dependent increase in both autophagy and apoptosis in the thymus and spleen, and cell death could therefore possibly be induced by autophagy. Therefore, exposure to arsenic leads to serious effects on the immune physiology in mice, which may further have dire consequences on the health of exposed animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarqua Jamal
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700 019, India
| | - Joydeep Das
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700 019, India
| | - Sayan Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata, 700 009, India
| | - Anasuya Gupta
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700 019, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata, 700 009, India
| | - Urmi Chatterji
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700 019, India.
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Kushwaha R, Mishra J, Tripathi S, Raza W, Mandrah K, Roy SK, Bandyopadhyay S. Arsenic Attenuates Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor/EGFR Signaling That Promotes Matrix Metalloprotease 9-Dependent Astrocyte Damage in the Developing Rat Brain. Toxicol Sci 2017; 162:406-428. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kushwaha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
- Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Sachin Tripathi
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University (Lucknow Campus), Lucknow, India
| | - Waseem Raza
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Kapil Mandrah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory and Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-IITR, Lucknow, India
| | - Somendu Kumar Roy
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory and Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-IITR, Lucknow, India
| | - Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
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