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von Jakitsch CB, Pinto Neto O, Pinho TOR, Ribeiro W, Pereira R, Baltatu OC, Osório RAL. High and low pitch sound stimuli effects on heart-brain coupling. Biomed Eng Lett 2024; 14:331-339. [PMID: 38374900 PMCID: PMC10874348 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-023-00340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the influence of sound stimulation on heart rate and the potential coupling between cardiac and cerebral activities. Thirty-one participants underwent exposure to periods of silence and two distinct continuous, non-repetitive pure tone stimuli: low pitch (110 Hz) and high pitch (880 Hz). Electroencephalography (EEG) data from electrodes F3, F4, F7, F8, Fp1, Fp2, T3, T4, T5, and T6 were recorded, along with R-R interval data for heart rate. Heart-brain connectivity was assessed using wavelet coherence between heart rate variability (HRV) and EEG envelopes (EEGE). Heart rates were significantly lower during high and low-pitch sound periods than in silence (p < 0.002). HRV-EEGE coherence was significantly lower during high-pitch intervals than silence and low-pitch sound intervals (p < 0.048), specifically between the EEG Beta band and the low-frequency HRV range. These results imply a differential involvement of the frontal and temporal brain regions in response to varying auditory stimuli. Our findings highlight the essential nature of discerning the complex interrelations between sound frequencies and their implications for heart-brain connectivity. Such insights could have ramifications for conditions like seizures and sleep disturbances. A deeper exploration is warranted to decipher specific sound stimuli's potential advantages or drawbacks in diverse clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Osmar Pinto Neto
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Anhembi Morumbi University – Anima Institute, São José dos Campos Technology Park, São José dos Campos, Brazil
- Arena235 Research Lab, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael Pereira
- Integrative Physiology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie, Brazil
| | - Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Anhembi Morumbi University – Anima Institute, São José dos Campos Technology Park, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Vickhoff B. Why art? The role of arts in arts and health. Front Psychol 2023; 14:765019. [PMID: 37034911 PMCID: PMC10075207 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.765019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This article is an answer to a report called "What is the evidence on the role of the arts in improving health and well-being?" The authors conclude that the arts have an impact on mental and physical health. Yet, the question of the role of the arts remains unanswered. What is and what is not an art effect? Recently, embodied theory has inspired articles on the perception of art. These articles have not yet received attention in the field of Arts and Health. Scholars in psychosomatic medicine have argued for an approach based on recent work in enactive embodied theory to investigate the connection between the body and the mind. The present article examines how key concepts in this theory relate to art. This leads to a discussion of art in terms of empathy-the relation between the internal state of the artist and the internal state of the beholder. I exemplify with a conceptual framework of musical empathy. Implications for health are addressed.
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Goldsworthy RL. Computational Modeling of Synchrony in the Auditory Nerve in Response to Acoustic and Electric Stimulation. Front Comput Neurosci 2022; 16:889992. [PMID: 35782089 PMCID: PMC9249013 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2022.889992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cochlear implants are medical devices that provide hearing to nearly one million people around the world. Outcomes are impressive with most recipients learning to understand speech through this new way of hearing. Music perception and speech reception in noise, however, are notably poor. These aspects of hearing critically depend on sensitivity to pitch, whether the musical pitch of an instrument or the vocal pitch of speech. The present article examines cues for pitch perception in the auditory nerve based on computational models. Modeled neural synchrony for pure and complex tones is examined for three different electric stimulation strategies including Continuous Interleaved Sampling (CIS), High-Fidelity CIS (HDCIS), and Peak-Derived Timing (PDT). Computational modeling of current spread and neuronal response are used to predict neural activity to electric and acoustic stimulation. It is shown that CIS does not provide neural synchrony to the frequency of pure tones nor to the fundamental component of complex tones. The newer HDCIS and PDT strategies restore synchrony to both the frequency of pure tones and to the fundamental component of complex tones. Current spread reduces spatial specificity of excitation as well as the temporal fidelity of neural synchrony, but modeled neural excitation restores precision of these cues. Overall, modeled neural excitation to electric stimulation that incorporates temporal fine structure (e.g., HDCIS and PDT) indicates neural synchrony comparable to that provided by acoustic stimulation. Discussion considers the importance of stimulation rate and long-term rehabilitation to provide temporal cues for pitch perception.
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Gupta DS, Bahmer A. Editorial: Understanding the Importance of Temporal Coupling of Neural Activities in Information Processing Underlying Action and Perception. Front Comput Neurosci 2021; 15:729296. [PMID: 34539368 PMCID: PMC8440858 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2021.729296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Bahmer
- Ernst Strüngmann Institut, Frankfurt, Germany.,Brain Imaging Center Frankfurt, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Ku Y, Kim DY, Kwon C, Noh TS, Park MK, Lee JH, Oh SH, Kim HC, Suh MW. Effect of age on the gap-prepulse inhibition of the cortical N1-P2 complex in humans as a step towards an objective measure of tinnitus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241136. [PMID: 33152745 PMCID: PMC7644010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The gap-prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex has been widely used as a behavioral method for tinnitus screening in animal studies. The cortical-evoked potential gap-induced inhibition has also been investigated in animals as well as in human subjects. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of age on the cortical N1-P2 complex in the gap-prepulse inhibition paradigm. Fifty-seven subjects, aged 20 to 68 years, without continuous tinnitus, were tested with two effective gap conditions (embedded gap of 50- or 20-ms duration). Retest sessions were performed within one month. A significant gap-induced inhibition of the N1-P2 complex was found in both gap durations. Age differently affected the inhibition, depending on gap duration. With a 50-ms gap, the inhibition decreased significantly with the increase in age. This age-inhibition relationship was not found when using a 20-ms gap. The results were reproducible in the retest session. Our findings suggest that the interaction between age and gap duration should be considered when applying the gap-induced inhibition of the cortical-evoked potential as an objective measure of tinnitus in human subjects. Further studies with tinnitus patients are warranted to identify gap duration that would minimize the effects of age and maximize the difference in the inhibition between those with and without tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunseo Ku
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Do Youn Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chiheon Kwon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Soo Noh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Chan Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Graduate School, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Medical & Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Whan Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Löffler H, Gupta DS. A Model of Memory Linking Time to Space. Front Comput Neurosci 2020; 14:60. [PMID: 32733224 PMCID: PMC7360808 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2020.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The storage of temporally precise spike patterns can be realized by a single neuron. A spiking neural network (SNN) model is utilized to demonstrate the ability to precisely recall a spike pattern after presenting a single input. We show by using a simulation study that the temporal properties of input patterns can be transformed into spatial patterns of local dendritic spikes. The localization of time-points of spikes is facilitated by phase-shift of the subthreshold membrane potential oscillations (SMO) in the dendritic branches, which modifies their excitability. In reference to the points in time of the arriving input, the dendritic spikes are triggered in different branches. To store spatially distributed patterns, two unsupervised learning mechanisms are utilized. Either synaptic weights to the branches, spatial representation of the temporal input pattern, are enhanced by spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) or the oscillation power of SMOs in spiking branches is increased by dendritic spikes. For retrieval, spike bursts activate stored spatiotemporal patterns in dendritic branches, which reactivate the original somatic spike patterns. The simulation of the prototypical model demonstrates the principle, how linking time to space enables the storage of temporal features of an input. Plausibility, advantages, and some variations of the proposed model are also discussed.
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Increase in Mutual Information During Interaction with the Environment Contributes to Perception. ENTROPY 2019; 21:e21040365. [PMID: 33267079 PMCID: PMC7514849 DOI: 10.3390/e21040365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Perception and motor interaction with physical surroundings can be analyzed by the changes in probability laws governing two possible outcomes of neuronal activity, namely the presence or absence of spikes (binary states). Perception and motor interaction with the physical environment are partly accounted for by a reduction in entropy within the probability distributions of binary states of neurons in distributed neural circuits, given the knowledge about the characteristics of stimuli in physical surroundings. This reduction in the total entropy of multiple pairs of circuits in networks, by an amount equal to the increase of mutual information, occurs as sensory information is processed successively from lower to higher cortical areas or between different areas at the same hierarchical level, but belonging to different networks. The increase in mutual information is partly accounted for by temporal coupling as well as synaptic connections as proposed by Bahmer and Gupta (Front. Neurosci. 2018). We propose that robust increases in mutual information, measuring the association between the characteristics of sensory inputs' and neural circuits' connectivity patterns, are partly responsible for perception and successful motor interactions with physical surroundings. The increase in mutual information, given the knowledge about environmental sensory stimuli and the type of motor response produced, is responsible for the coupling between action and perception. In addition, the processing of sensory inputs within neural circuits, with no prior knowledge of the occurrence of a sensory stimulus, increases Shannon information. Consequently, the increase in surprise serves to increase the evidence of the sensory model of physical surroundings.
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