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Borsato G, Carnio F, Lunardon S, Moletta M, Pavan G, Terrin F, Scarso A, Plotegher N, Fabris F. A β-Glucosyl Sterol Probe for in situ Fluorescent Labelling in Neuronal Cells to Investigate Neurodegenerative Diseases. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400778. [PMID: 38770991 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
A β-glucosyl sterol probe bearing a terminal alkyne moiety for fluorescent tagging enables the investigation of the neuronal and intracellular localization of this class of compounds involved in neurodegenerative diseases. The compound showed localization in the neuronal cells, with marked differences in the uptake and metabolism leading to enhanced persistence with respect to the un-glycosylated sterol analogue. In addition, a different impact was observed towards lysosomes, with the simple sterol probe showing the enlargement of the lysosome structures, while the β-glucosyl sterol was less capable to alter the morphology of this specific organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Borsato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Francesco Carnio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Sara Lunardon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Mattia Moletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Giulio Pavan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Francesca Terrin
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scarso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Plotegher
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Padova, viale G. Colombo 3, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabris
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre Venezia, Italy
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Brain function changes reveal rapid antidepressant effects of nitrous oxide for treatment-resistant depression:Evidence from task-state EEG. Psychiatry Res 2023; 322:115072. [PMID: 36791487 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide has rapid antidepressant effects in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but its underlying mechanisms of therapeutic actions are not well understood. Moreover, most of the current studies lack objective biological indicators to evaluate the changes of nitrous oxide-induced brain function for TRD. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of nitrous oxide on brain function for TRD based on event-related potential (ERP) components and functional connectivity networks (FCNs) methods. In this randomized, longitudinal, placebo-controlled trial, all TRD participants were divided into two groups to receive either a 1-hour inhalation of nitrous oxide or a placebo treatment, and they took part in the same task-state electroencephalogram (EEG) experiment before and after treatment. The experimental results showed that nitrous oxide improved depressive symptoms better than placebo in terms of 17-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score (HAMD-17). Statistical analysis based on ERP components showed that nitrous oxide-induced significant differences in amplitude and latency of N1, P1, N2, P2. In addition, increased brain functional connectivity was found after nitrous oxide treatment. And the change of network metrics has a significant correlation with decreased depressive symptoms. These findings may suggest that nitrous oxide improves depression symptoms for TRD by modifying brain function.
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Yu W, Baskin JM. Photoaffinity labeling approaches to elucidate lipid-protein interactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 69:102173. [PMID: 35724595 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-protein interactions serve as the basis for many of the diverse roles of lipids. However, these noncovalent binding events are often weak, transient, or dependent upon environmental cues. Photoaffinity labeling can preserve these interactions under native conditions, enabling their biochemical profiling. Typically, photoaffinity labeling probes contain a diazirine photocrosslinker and a click chemistry handle for enrichment and downstream analysis. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding the mechanisms of diazirine photocrosslinking, and we provide an overview of recent applications of photoaffinity labeling to reveal the interactions of diverse types of lipids with specific members of the proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhi Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy M Baskin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, NY, USA.
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Krishnan K, Qian M, Feltes M, Chen ZW, Gale S, Wang L, Sugasawa Y, Reichert DE, Schaffer JE, Ory DS, Evers AS, Covey DF. Validation of Trifluoromethylphenyl Diazirine Cholesterol Analogues As Cholesterol Mimetics and Photolabeling Reagents. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1493-1507. [PMID: 34355883 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aliphatic diazirine analogues of cholesterol have been used previously to elaborate the cholesterol proteome and identify cholesterol binding sites on proteins. Cholesterol analogues containing the trifluoromethylphenyl diazirine (TPD) group have not been reported. Both classes of diazirines have been prepared for neurosteroid photolabeling studies and their combined use provided information that was not obtainable with either diazirine class alone. Hence, we prepared cholesterol TPD analogues and used them along with previously reported aliphatic diazirine analogues as photoaffinity labeling reagents to obtain additional information on the cholesterol binding sites of the pentameric Gloeobacter ligand-gated ion channel (GLIC). We first validated the TPD analogues as cholesterol substitutes and compared their actions with those of previously reported aliphatic diazirines in cell culture assays. All the probes bound to the same cholesterol binding site on GLIC but with differences in photolabeling efficiencies and residues identified. Photolabeling of mammalian (HEK) cell membranes demonstrated differences in the pattern of proteins labeled by the two classes of probes. Collectively, these date indicate that cholesterol photoaffinity labeling reagents containing an aliphatic diazirine or TPD group provide complementary information and will both be useful tools in future studies of cholesterol biology.
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Izumi Y, Mennerick SJ, Doherty JJ, Zorumski CF. Oxysterols Modulate the Acute Effects of Ethanol on Hippocampal N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptors, Long-Term Potentiation, and Learning. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 377:181-188. [PMID: 33441369 PMCID: PMC8051516 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol is a noncompetitive inhibitor of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and acutely disrupts hippocampal synaptic plasticity and learning. In the present study, we examined the effects of oxysterol positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of NMDARs on ethanol-mediated inhibition of NMDARs, block of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) in rat hippocampal slices, and defects in one-trial learning in vivo. We found that 24S-hydroxycholesterol and a synthetic oxysterol analog, SGE-301, overcame effects of ethanol on NMDAR-mediated synaptic responses in the CA1 region but did not alter acute effects of ethanol on LTD; the synthetic oxysterol, however, overcame acute inhibition of LTP. In addition, both oxysterols overcame persistent effects of ethanol on LTP in vitro, and the synthetic analog reversed defects in one-trial inhibitory avoidance learning in vivo. These results indicate that effects of ethanol on both LTP and LTD arise by complex mechanisms beyond NMDAR antagonism and that oxysterol NMDAR PAMS may represent a novel approach for preventing and reversing acute ethanol-mediated changes in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitoshi Izumi
- Department of Psychiatry and Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.I., S.J.M., C.F.Z.); and Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.J.D.)
| | - Steven J Mennerick
- Department of Psychiatry and Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.I., S.J.M., C.F.Z.); and Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.J.D.)
| | - James J Doherty
- Department of Psychiatry and Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.I., S.J.M., C.F.Z.); and Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.J.D.)
| | - Charles F Zorumski
- Department of Psychiatry and Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.I., S.J.M., C.F.Z.); and Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts (J.J.D.)
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