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Ke C, Shan S, Tan Y, Cao Y, Xie Z, Shi S, Pan J, Zhang W. Signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with acupuncture: a narrative review. Acupunct Med 2024:9645284241256669. [PMID: 38859546 DOI: 10.1177/09645284241256669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there is no effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is increasing in prevalence worldwide. The objective of this review was to summarize the core targets and signaling pathways involved in acupuncture treatment for AD. METHODS We reviewed numerous signaling pathways, including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3 K/Akt), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor (NF)-kB, p53, Wnt, nitric oxide (NO), Janus kinase / signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/ STAT), RhoA/ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase) and Ca2+/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) / cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element-binding protein (CREB). The relevant data were obtained from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang databases. RESULTS In summary, the effects of acupuncture are mediated by multiple targets and pathways. Furthermore, acupuncture can improve pathological changes associated with AD (such as abnormal deposition of amyloid (A)β, tau hyperphosphorylation, synaptic dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis) through multiple signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings provide a basis for future research into the effects of acupuncture on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ke
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shengtao Shan
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Tan
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Cao
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengrong Xie
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Senjie Shi
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Pan
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Zou X, Zou G, Zou X, Wang K, Chen Z. Gut microbiota and its metabolites in Alzheimer's disease: from pathogenesis to treatment. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17061. [PMID: 38495755 PMCID: PMC10944166 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that altered microbial diversity and function (such as metabolites), or ecological disorders, regulate bowel-brain axis involvement in the pathophysiologic processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The dysregulation of microbes and their metabolites can be a double-edged sword in AD, presenting the possibility of microbiome-based treatment options. This review describes the link between ecological imbalances and AD, the interactions between AD treatment modalities and the microbiota, and the potential of interventions such as prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions as complementary therapeutic strategies targeting AD pathogenesis and progression. Survey methodology Articles from PubMed and china.com on intestinal flora and AD were summarized to analyze the data and conclusions carefully to ensure the comprehensiveness, completeness, and accuracy of this review. Conclusions Regulating the gut flora ecological balance upregulates neurotrophic factor expression, regulates the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, and suppresses the inflammatory responses. Based on emerging research, this review explored novel directions for future AD research and clinical interventions, injecting new vitality into microbiota research development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfu Zou
- Subject of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqiang Zou
- Subject of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyan Zou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Kangfeng Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zetao Chen
- Subject of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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3
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Wan W, Wang Y, Li L, Ma C, Wang Y, You F. Electroacupuncture Improves Learning and Memory Abilities via Activating AMPK/mTOR-Induced Autophagy in APP/PS1 Mice. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10503-9. [PMID: 37980310 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a global public health problem characterized by memory and cognitive impairments. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been indicated to exert promising therapeutic effects on AD. This study aimed to further investigate the underlying mechanism of EA in AD treatment. APP/PS1 transgenic mice and wide-type mice underwent with or without EA treatment at GV20 and BL23 acupoints. Morris water maze test was utilized for examining the learning and memory of mice. Hematoxylin-eosin, Congo red, immunofluorescence, and TUNEL staining were employed for detecting the pathological changes of mouse brain hippocampus. Western blotting was implemented for measuring protein levels of autophagy- and AMPK/mTOR pathway-associated markers. APP/PS1 mice exhibited significant impairments in the spatial learning and memory. EA treatment improved the cognitive impairments, reduced amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, and alleviated neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal tissues of APP/PS1 mice. EA promoted autophagy and activated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. EA improves the cognitive deficits, enhances Aβ clearance, and attenuates neuronal apoptosis in APP/PS1 mice in part by activating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Chaoyang Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Yanfu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China.
| | - Fei You
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China.
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4
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Liu Y, Gong Y, Wu XL, Hao XM, Liu JP, Li YY, Yang KZ, Gao XY, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang XD, Wang J, Liu QG. Fire acupuncture for anti-LGI1 antibody autoimmune encephalitis: a case report. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1203915. [PMID: 37539383 PMCID: PMC10395828 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1203915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis, a class of encephalitis, is clinically characterized by multifocal or diffuse brain injury, including aberrant mental behavior, convulsions, and near-event memory impairment. In this article, we describe a female patient with autoimmune encephalitis who tested positive for leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibodies and had hippocampal inflammatory edema in the lesion area. During the first 3 months of her illness, the patient primarily experienced memory loss, the onset of rigid twitching in her extremities that lasted for 1 min while in remission, and incontinence. After gamma globulin administration, methylprednisolone shock, and other symptomatic therapies during hospitalization, the patient's psychiatric symptoms and seizures improved considerably; however, she did not fully recover her memory. After receiving fire acupuncture for 6 months, the patient's understanding, orientation, and calculation skills improved considerably. Her memory and mental state were also improved at the follow-up visit. In this case, the use of fire acupuncture for the treatment of autoimmune encephalitis resulted in favorable outcomes with important benefits for conditions affecting the central nervous system; however, more convincing data are required to support the effectiveness of this treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Gong
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-li Wu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-min Hao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-peng Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yin-yin Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-zhen Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-yu Gao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-dong Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-guo Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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5
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Weng H, Wang Q, Ye R, Bai Y, Yang H, Xu G, Wang Q. Anti-oxidative-initiated cognitive impairment amelioration in Alzheimer's Disease model rats through preventive transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation. Integr Med Res 2023; 12:100946. [PMID: 37187681 PMCID: PMC10176170 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2023.100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and irreversible neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress emerges at the early AD stage. As a non-invasive therapy with few adverse reactions, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) combines acupuncture points of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and electrical stimulation. This study aimed to investigate the amelioration effects of preventive TEAS treatment (P-TEAS) on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in AD model rats. Methods The AD model was established via subcutaneous injections of D-galactose (D-gal, 120 mg/kg/d) into the back of neck for 9 weeks in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to simulate the oxidative stress in the early AD stage. On the first day of the 10th week, Aβ1-42 (1 μg/μl) was injected into the CA1 regions of the bilateral hippocampus. P-TEAS was synchronized from the first day of subcutaneous D-gal injections for 9 weeks. Results Empirical measurements showed that P-TEAS can improve the spatial memory ability of AD model rats in the Morris water maze. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was upregulated in the P-TEAS group. Through the detection of the anti-oxidative stress signaling pathway, namely, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/ NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), it was found that P-TEAS could promote Nrf2 entering into the nucleus and upregulating the production of protective factors heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). It was also found that P-TEAS could downregulate the expressions of BCL2-associated X-protein (Bax), caspase 3, and caspase 9 to inhibit neuronal apoptosis. Conclusions P-TEAS has similar efficacy to electroacupuncture in preventing AD occurrence and development. P-TEAS is a new non-invasive intervention therapy for the prevention of AD.
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Wu L, Dong Y, Zhu C, Chen Y. Effect and mechanism of acupuncture on Alzheimer's disease: A review. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1035376. [PMID: 36936498 PMCID: PMC10020224 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1035376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development trend of an aging society, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become an urgent problem in the field of medicine worldwide. Cognitive impairment in AD patients leads to a decline in the ability to perform daily living and abnormalities in behavior and personality, causing abnormal psychiatric symptoms, which seriously affect the daily life of patients. Currently, mainly drug therapy is used for AD patients in the clinic, but a large proportion of patients will experience drug efficacy not working, and even some drugs bring severe sleep disorders. Acupuncture, with its unique concept and treatment method, has been validated through a large number of experiments and proved its reliability of acupuncture in the treatment of AD. Many advances have been made in the study of the neurobiological mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of AD, further demonstrating the good efficacy and unique advantages of acupuncture in the treatment of AD. This review first summarizes the pathogenesis of AD and then illustrates the research progress of acupuncture in the treatment of AD, which includes the effect of acupuncture on the changes of biochemical indicators in AD in vivo and the specific mechanism of action to exert the therapeutic effect. Changes in relevant indicators of AD similarly further validate the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment. The clinical and mechanistic studies of acupuncture in the treatment of AD are intensified to fit the need for social development. It is believed that acupuncture will achieve new achievements in the treatment of AD as research progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wu
- Department of Tuina, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Dong
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- Department of Galactophore, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Emergency, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Li D, Yang H, Lyu M, Wang J, Xu W, Wang Y. Acupuncture Therapy on Dementia: Explained with an Integrated Analysis on Therapeutic Targets and Associated Mechanisms. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S141-S158. [PMID: 36776063 PMCID: PMC10473135 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia, mainly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), remains a global health challenge. Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of acupuncture therapy (AT) in improving dementia. Nevertheless, the therapeutic targets and integrated biological mechanisms involved remain ambiguous. OBJECTIVE To identify therapeutic targets and biological mechanisms of AT in treating dementia by integrated analysis strategy. METHODS By the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of AD, VaD, and molecular targets of AT active components, the acupuncture therapeutic targets associated with the biological response to AD and VaD were extracted. Therapeutic targets-based functional enrichment analysis was conducted, and multiple networks were constructed. AT-therapeutic crucial targets were captured by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The interactions between crucial targets with AT active components were verified by molecular docking. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that 132 and 76 acupuncture therapeutic targets were associated with AD and VaD. AT-therapeutic crucial targets including 58 for AD and 24 for VaD were captured by WGCNA, with 11 in shared, including NMU, GRP, TAC1, ADRA1D, and SST. In addition, 35 and 14 signaling pathways were significantly enriched by functional enrichment analysis, with 6 mutual pathways including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, GABAergic synapse, calcium signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels. CONCLUSION The improvement of AD and VaD by AT was associated with modulation of synaptic function, immunity, inflammation, and apoptosis. Our study clarified the therapeutic targets of AT on dementia, providing valuable clues for complementing and combining pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Li
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingqian Lyu
- Department of Computer Science, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ju Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weili Xu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Public Health Science and Engineering College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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8
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Kong X, Ma Z, Tang R, Wang X, Wei K, Yang G, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang D, Xie C, Wang G, Ma X. Efficacy of acupuncture in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease and its impact on gut microbiota: Study protocol for a randomized sham-controlled trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1014113. [PMID: 36910501 PMCID: PMC9996632 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1014113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acupuncture is used as an adjuvant therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but available evidence for efficacy is limited so far. Growing studies suggest that resident gut microbiota contributes to the development and progression of AD. Meanwhile, acupuncture is reported to treat gastrointestinal and neurodegenerative disorders via the gut-brain axis. Therefore, our aim is to confirm the adjunctive therapeutic effects of acupuncture for AD, and explore the relationship between clinical efficacy and shifts of gut microbiota. Methods and analysis This is a randomized, participant-masked, sham-controlled trial. One hundred and sixty participants with mild AD will be randomly assigned (1:1) to either active acupuncture or non-penetrating sham acupuncture (three times weekly for 14 weeks) added to donepezil treatment (5 mg per day for 28 weeks). The primary efficacy outcome is the change from baseline to week 28 in the Alzheimer's disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog12). Secondary efficacy outcomes include other assessments of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Alzheimer's disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Gut microbiota will be measured using 16S rRNA tag sequencing. Discussion This rigorous trial will provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy of acupuncture as adjunctive treatment for mild AD, and identify the possible mechanisms of acupuncture from gut microbiota. Clinical Trial Registration [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05078944], ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT05078944]. Registered 15 October 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiehe Kong
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Tang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Yang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tsai ST, Nithiyanantham S, Satyanarayanan SK, Su KP. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Concept of Mind-Body Interface. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1411:435-458. [PMID: 36949321 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we conducted a systemic literature review for the anti-inflammatory effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) applying molecular mechanisms focusing on the neuroinflammation and gut-brain axis in three neuropsychiatric disorders: major depressive disorder, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. We demonstrated the anti-inflammation or immunomodulation effects of TCM, including acupuncture, from basic and clinical research, including cellular and molecular approaches. In conclusion, inflammation plays a critical role in the neuropsychopathological process. At the same time, anti-inflammation seems to be the common biological pathway for the effects of TCM and acupuncture in depression, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ta Tsai
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasan Nithiyanantham
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Zhao S, Wang S, Cao L, Zeng H, Lin S, Lin Z, Chen M, Zhu M, Pang Z, Zhang Y. Acupuncture promotes nerve repair through the benign regulation of mTOR-mediated neuronal autophagy in traumatic brain injury rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:458-470. [PMID: 36422883 PMCID: PMC9804054 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recent investigations have already proved the neuroprotective efficacy of acupuncture in clinical practice in the treatment of neurological diseases, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). Since growing evidence has suggested that neuronal autophagy was involved in multiple stages of TBI, this study aims to clarify the autophagy mediating mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture in TBI rats. METHODS Three experiments were carried out to detect changes in neuronal autophagy and identify the potential molecular mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture for TBI treatment. Feeney's free-falling epidural impingement method was used to establish the moderate TBI rat model; modified neurological severity scoring (mNSS) was used for neurological recovery evaluation. Nissl and HE staining were used to examine the histopathological changes. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the LC3-positive cell rate. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to investigate the morphology and quantity of autophagosomes. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expressions of LC3, p62, beclin1, mTOR, ULK1, p-mTOR, and p-ULK1. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for gene expressions analysis of LC3 mRNA and p62 mRNA. Co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) method was used to identify the protein interaction of mTOR and ULK1. RESULTS On Day 3 after TBI, acupuncture accelerated the removal of damaged cellular structures by promoting neuronal autophagy; on Day 7 and Day 14 after TBI, acupuncture inhibited neuronal autophagy, preventing excessive autophagy and thus alleviated nerve damage. In addition, the simultaneous treatment with 3-MA or rapamycin at different stages after TBI attenuated the effect of acupuncture. CONCLUSION Acupuncture has a benign regulatory effect on neuronal autophagy in different stages of TBI, possibly through the mTOR/ULK1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shiqi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Luxi Cao
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hai Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shujun Lin
- Medical College of Acupuncture‐Moxibustion and RehabilitationGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhuowen Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Minan Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Mingmin Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhao Pang
- Medical Administration DivisionThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yimin Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
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11
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Xu W, Ren B, Zhang Z, Chen C, Xu T, Liu S, Ma C, Wang X, Wang Q, Cheng F. Network pharmacology analysis reveals neuroprotective effects of the Qin-Zhi-Zhu-Dan Formula in Alzheimer’s disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:943400. [DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.943400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is yet no effective drug for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which is one of the world’s most common neurodegenerative diseases. The Qin-Zhi-Zhu-Dan Formula (QZZD) is derived from a widely used Chinese patent drug–Qing-Kai-Ling Injection. It consists of Radix Scutellariae, Fructus Gardeniae, and Pulvis Fellis Suis. Recent study showed that QZZD and its effective components played important roles in anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress and preventing brain injury. It was noted that QZZD had protective effects on the brain, but the mechanism remained unclear. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of QZZD in the treatment of AD combining network pharmacology approach with experimental validation. In the network pharmacology analysis, a total of 15 active compounds of QZZD and 135 putative targets against AD were first obtained. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were then applied to clarify the biological mechanism. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of QZZD was proved, and a synthetic pathway–TNFR1-ERK1/2-NF-κBp65 signaling pathway was obtained. On the basis of the above discoveries, we further validated the protective effects QZZD on neurons with an APP/PS1 double transgenic mouse model. Weight change of the mice was monitored to assess QZZD’s influence on the digestive system; water maze experiment was used for evaluating the effects on spatial learning and memory; Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to detect the predicted key proteins in network pharmacology analysis, including Aβ, IL-6, NF-κBp65, TNFR1, p-ERK1/2, and ERK1/2. We proved that QZZD could improve neuroinflammation and attenuate neuronal death without influencing the digestive system in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice with dementia. Combining animal pharmacodynamic experiments with network pharmacology analysis, we confirmed the importance of inflammation in pathogenesis of AD, clarified the pharmacodynamic characteristics of QZZD in treating AD, and proved its neuroprotective effects through the regulation of TNFR1-ERK1/2-NF-κBp65 signaling pathway, which might provide reference for studies on treatment of AD in the future.
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Yue J, Li XL, Gao RX, Zhang Q, Li A, Zhao WW, Li Y, Li SL. Research status, hotspots and trends of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A bibliometric analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30858. [PMID: 36181105 PMCID: PMC9524865 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) are utilized to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, no bibliometric analysis has explored this issue. Thus, this study investigated the status, hotspots and trends of AM in the treatment of AD. METHODS CiteSpace and VOSviewer softwares were used to analyze the literature on the AM for AD in the Web of Science Core Collection database. We analyzed the data of countries/regions, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and cited references. RESULTS After removing duplicates, 193 articles were retrieved. The number of publications on this topic has increased gradually. The most productive and collaborative country was China (143 documents), followed by South Korea (19). The top 3 active academic institutions were Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Capital Medicine University, and Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. The most productive journal was Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (13 documents), followed by the Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience (10), Medicine (10), and Neural Regeneration Research (10). The top 3 co-cited journals were Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (156 citations), Acupuncture Electro-therapeutics Research (152), and Acupuncture in Medicine (146). The research hotspots in this domain are dementia, memory, hippocampus, mouse models, and Parkinson's disease. Major frontiers are comparing the therapeutic effects of acupuncture and donepezil and electroacupuncture at different frequencies in this field. CONCLUSION This bibliometric study identified relevant hotspots and trends in research on AM in the treatment of AD, which can provide researchers with key information in this domain and help further explore new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Yue
- Department of Tuina, Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Jiuwei Chinese Medicine Clinic, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Li
- Division of CT and MRI, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Rui-Xue Gao
- Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Qinhong Zhang
- Department of Tuina, Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Jiuwei Chinese Medicine Clinic, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ang Li
- Sanofi-Aventis China Investment Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shu-Lin Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Shu-Lin Li, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 26 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China (e-mail: )
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Feng Y, Zhu G, Chen R, Shi G, Peng M, Zhou Y, Fu W, Zhou P. Electroacupuncture remodels the extracellular matrix and promotes synaptic plasticity in a mouse model of depression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 626:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Lin B, Zhang L, Yin X, Chen X, Ruan C, Wu T, Liu Z, Huang J. Modulation of entorhinal cortex–hippocampus connectivity and recognition memory following electroacupuncture on 3×Tg-AD model: Evidence from multimodal MRI and electrophysiological recordings. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:968767. [PMID: 35968386 PMCID: PMC9372370 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.968767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory loss and aberrant neuronal network activity are part of the earliest hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Electroacupuncture (EA) has been recognized as a cognitive stimulation for its effects on memory disorder, but whether different brain regions or neural circuits contribute to memory recovery in AD remains unknown. Here, we found that memory deficit was ameliorated in 3×Tg-AD mice with EA-treatment, as shown by the increased number of exploring and time spent in the novel object. In addition, reduced locomotor activity was observed in 3×Tg-AD mice, but no significant alteration was seen in the EA-treated mice. Based on the functional magnetic resonance imaging, the regional spontaneous activity alterations of 3×Tg-AD were mainly concentrated in the accumbens nucleus, auditory cortex, caudate putamen, entorhinal cortex (EC), hippocampus, insular cortex, subiculum, temporal cortex, visual cortex, and so on. While EA-treatment prevented the chaos of brain activity in parts of the above regions, such as the auditory cortex, EC, hippocampus, subiculum, and temporal cortex. And then we used the whole-cell voltage-clamp recording to reveal the neurotransmission in the hippocampus, and found that EA-treatment reversed the synaptic spontaneous release. Since the hippocampus receives most of the projections of the EC, the hippocampus-EC circuit is one of the neural circuits related to memory impairment. We further applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tracking and functional connectivity, and found that hypo-connected between the hippocampus and EC with EA-treatment. These data indicate that the hippocampus–EC connectivity is responsible for the recognition memory deficit in the AD mice with EA-treatment, and provide novel insight into potential therapies for memory loss in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Lin
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SATCM), Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Yin
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaocheng Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chendong Ruan
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiecheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics & Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhizhen Liu
- TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SATCM), Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jia Huang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Huang,
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A Review on Characteristics of Experimental Research on Acupuncture Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease: Study Design. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8243704. [PMID: 35855822 PMCID: PMC9288276 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8243704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background This review aims to systematically summarize and analyze recent high-quality animal research results about the use of acupuncture in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. This information will be useful in providing a reference for future experimental research and an experimental basis for the clinical use of acupuncture in the treatment of AD. Methods We utilized and referenced various electronic libraries from their inception to November 2021. Relevant information was reviewed and information such as the journal names, publication records, animal model selections and preparations, intervention measures, acupoint selections, detection methods, and detection indicators was extracted. Results. A total of 75 eligible studies were selected for additional review. Male SAMP8 mice, APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and Wistar rats were the four commonly used animal strains in the experiments. The animals were categorized as transgenic and surgical mouse models. Experimental interventions included manual acupuncture (MA), Electro-acupuncture (EA), Moxibustion, and EA combined with Moxibustion. A retention time of 20 min was the optimal timing for experimental studies, with 14 sessions chosen as the most common treatment time. EA was the most prescribed acupuncture treatment type with continuous wave, 2 Hz frequency, and 1 mA electric current selected as frequently used parameters. A total of 78 acupoint prescriptions were analyzed involving 21 acupoints. The top 3 combinations of common acupoints were GV20 ⟶ EX-HN3, GV20 ⟶ BL23, and GV20 ⟶ GV26. A total of 39 articles had positive drug control groups, sham acupuncture, and/or nonacupoint control groups. Furthermore, 10 types of behavioral tests, 29 detection methods, 178 evaluation indicators, and 18 tissue samples were included in the analysis. Conclusions By collating these high-quality research studies systematically and comprehensively, acupuncture was found to be a viable and effective treatment in AD animal models. In addition, when designing experiments, researchers could refer to the detailed data provided here to make better schemes and maybe conduct more investigations in unresearched areas.
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Electroacupuncture Alleviates Neuropathic Pain through Regulating miR-206-3p Targeting BDNF after CCI. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:1489841. [PMID: 35719137 PMCID: PMC9203241 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1489841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Electroacupuncture (EA) has benefits for neuropathic pain. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. The current study explores the underlying mechanisms of EA in neuropathic pain of chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats. Material/Methods. Overall, 126 Sprague-Dawley (200-250 g) rats were divided into nine groups randomly: the sham-operated, CCI, CCI+EA, CCI+sham EA, CCI+NS, CCI+AAV-NC, CCI+AAV-miR-206-3p, CCI+EA+NS, and CCI+EA+AAV-miR-206-3p groups. The animals were sacrificed 14 days postsurgery. Mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) tests were used to determine differences in neurobehavioral manifestations. qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence (IF) were carried out to detect the expression levels of miR-206-3p, BDNF, BAX/Bcl-2, TNF-α, and IL-6. Nissl staining was measured to observe morphological changes in neurons. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to evaluate microscopic changes in dorsal horn synapses. Results Hyperalgesia was reduced markedly by EA in the CCI model. The expression level of miR-206-3p was elevated, whereas the expression levels of BDNF, BAX/Bcl-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 were decreased in EA-treated CCI rats. However, a miR-206-3p inhibitor partially abrogated the analgesic effect of EA and resulted in poor behavioral performance and the BDNF, BAX/Bcl-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression was elevated as well. Conclusions EA can relieve neuropathic pain by regulating the miR-206-3p/BDNF pathway, thus exerting anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effect.
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Electroacupuncture Attenuates Learning and Memory Impairment via PI3K/Akt Pathway in an Amyloid β25-35-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3849441. [PMID: 35463064 PMCID: PMC9033336 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3849441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The main characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the progressive decline of learning and memory ability. Electroacupuncture (EA) may improve AD-related learning and memory ability. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of action remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to assess the effects and the molecular mechanism of EA on learning and memory in an amyloid β25-35 (Aβ25-35) induced AD mouse model. The AD model was established by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of Aβ25-35 oligomers. AD mice were electroacupunctured with wisdom three-needle combined with Baihui (GV20) five times per week for three consecutive weeks. The Morris water maze (MWM) and Y maze tests were applied to evaluate spatial learning and memory ability. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to measure mitochondria and autophagy of hippocampal neurons, and western blot was applied to observe molecular changes in the mice hippocampus. The results suggested that EA treatment significantly alleviated learning and memory impairment related to AD, reduced mitochondria damage, improved autophagy, increased mitochondrial protein 2 (Mfn2), Beclin 1, and LC3B, and decreased the expressions of fission protein 1 (Fis1) level. Furthermore, EA further upregulated the protein expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the ratio of p-Akt/Akt in the hippocampus of AD mice. This study demonstrates that EA treatment attenuates cognitive deficits, modulates mitochondrial fusion and fission, and enhances autophagy via the PI3K/Akt pathway in a mouse AD model.
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18
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Jiang YH, He JK, Li R, Chen ZH, Jia BH. Mechanisms of Acupuncture in Improving Alzheimer's Disease Caused by Mitochondrial Damage. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:272-280. [PMID: 35230607 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly and it accounts for nearly 80% of all dementias. The pathogenesis of AD is complicated and enigmatic thus far. The mitochondrial cascade hypothesis assumes that mitochondrial damage may mediate, drive, or contribute to a variety of AD pathologies and may be the main factor in late-onset AD. Currently, there are no widely recognized drugs able to attenuate mitochondrial damage in AD. Notably, increasing evidence supports the efficacy of acupuncture for improving the mitochondrial structure and protecting mitochondrial functions in AD. This review reports the mechanisms by which acupuncture regulates mitochondrial dynamics, energy metabolism, calcium homeostasis and apoptosis. In conclusion, these findings suggest that AD mitochondrial dysfunction represents a reasonable therapeutic target and acupuncture could play a significant role in preventing and treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Jiang
- Department of Acupuncture, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jia-Kai He
- Department of Acupuncture, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Acupuncture, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ze-Hao Chen
- Department of Acupuncture, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Bao-Hui Jia
- Department of Acupuncture, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Lin CJ, Yeh ML, Wu SF, Chung YC, Lee JCH. Acupuncture-related treatments improve cognitive and physical functions in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rehabil 2022; 36:609-635. [PMID: 35229686 DOI: 10.1177/02692155221079117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine acupuncture-related treatments' effects and duration on improving cognitive function, physical function, and quality of life in patients with Alzheimer's disease. DATA SOURCES Eight electronic databases were searched for eligible randomized controlled trials from database inception to January 2021, including Medline, PubMed, EBSCO, Embase, Cochrane, Airiti Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and China Journal Full-text Database. REVIEW METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on acupuncture types, cognitive function, activity of daily life, muscle strength and quality of life. RESULTS Sixty-six studies in total with 4191 participants, the overall risk of bias was classified 60% as low and 24% as high. Acupuncture-related treatments for cognitive function and self-care ability revealed a moderate effect size, with a significant difference in noninvasive and invasive remedies (p < 0.001). Cognitive function showed significant differences in 6, 8, 12, and 24 weeks while self-care ability in the latter two weeks (p < 0.001). Meta-regression analysis showed cognitive function increased by 0.05 points (p = 0.002) and self-care ability decreased by 0.02 points (p = 0.04) after weekly treatment. There was a significant difference in muscle strength (p = 0.0003). CONCLUSION Acupuncture-related treatments effectively improved cognitive function with the treatment lasted 6 weeks at least, but self-care ability started showing effects after 12 weeks of treatment. The improvement of muscle strength was also confirmed. Acupuncture-related treatments, particularly noninvasive ones, have few complications and high safety, perhaps providing patients and caregivers diversified choices and clinical care guidelines for reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Ju Lin
- 145469Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan; National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei
| | - Mei-Ling Yeh
- 38028National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Wu
- 38028National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chu Chung
- 117141Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu
| | - Justin Chen-Hao Lee
- 38028National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Li L, Li J, Dai Y, Yang M, Liang S, Wang Z, Liu W, Chen L, Tao J. Electro-Acupuncture Improve the Early Pattern Separation in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice via Basal Forebrain-Hippocampus Cholinergic Neural Circuit. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:770948. [PMID: 35185516 PMCID: PMC8847781 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.770948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) treatment on pattern separation and investigate the neural circuit mechanism involved in five familial mutations (5 × FAD) mice. Methods Five familial mutations mice were treated with EA at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) acupoints for 30 min each, lasting for 4 weeks. Cognitive-behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the effects of EA treatment on cognitive functions. 1H-MRS, Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were performed to examine the cholinergic system alteration. Thioflavin S staining and 6E10 immunofluorescence were performed to detect the amyloid-β (Aβ). Furthermore, hM4Di designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) virus and long-term clozapine-N-oxide injection were used to inhibit the medial septal and vertical limb of the diagonal band and dentate gyrus (MS/VDB-DG) cholinergic neural circuit. Cognitive-behavioral tests and immunofluorescence were performed to investigate the cholinergic neural circuit mechanism of EA treatment improving cognition in 5 × FAD mice. Results Electro-acupuncture treatment significantly improved spatial recognition memory and pattern separation impairment, regulated cholinergic system via reduction neuron loss, upregulation of choline/creatine, choline acetyltransferase, vesicular acetylcholine transporter, and downregulation of enzyme acetylcholinesterase in 5 × FAD mice. Aβ deposition was reduced after EA treatment. Subsequently, the monosynaptic hM4Di DREADDs virus tracing and inhibiting strategy showed that EA treatment activates the MS/VDB-DG cholinergic neural circuit to improve the early pattern separation. In addition, EA treatment activates this circuit to upregulating M1 receptors positive cells and promoting hippocampal neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG). Conclusion Electro-acupuncture could improve the early pattern separation impairment by activating the MS/VDB-DG cholinergic neural circuit in 5 × FAD mice, which was related to the regulation of the cholinergic system and the promotion of neurogenesis by EA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Rehabilitation Medical Technology Joint National Local Engineering Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of SATCM, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yaling Dai
- Rehabilitation Medical Technology Joint National Local Engineering Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minguang Yang
- Rehabilitation Medical Technology Joint National Local Engineering Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shengxiang Liang
- TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of SATCM, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhifu Wang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lidian Chen
- Rehabilitation Medical Technology Joint National Local Engineering Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Tao,
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Singh B, Singh H, Singh B, Kumar N, Rajput A, Sidhu D, Kaur A, Arora S, Kaur S. A comprehensive review on medicinal herbs and novel formulations for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 19:212-228. [PMID: 34779370 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666211015152733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases reported in the aging population across the globe. About 46.8 million people are reported to have dementia, and AD is mainly responsible for dementia in aged people. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is thought to occur due to the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the neocortex portion of the brain, nitric oxide mediated dysfunctioning of blood-brain barrier, reduced activity of serine racemase enzyme, cell cycle disturbances, damage of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and glutamatergic neurotransmission. Modern treatment methods target the pathways responsible for the disease. To date, solely symptomatic treatments exist for this disease, all making an attempt to counterbalance the neurotransmitter disturbance. Treatments able to prevent or at least effectively modifying the course of AD, referred to as 'disease-modifying' drugs, are still under extensive research. Effective treatments entail a better indulgence of the herbal bioactives by novel drug delivery systems. The herbal bioactive administered by novel drug delivery systems have proved beneficial in treating this disease. This review provides detailed information about the role of medicinal plants and their formulations in treating Alzheimer disease which will be highly beneficial for the researchers working in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Hasandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Brahmjot Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Navkaran Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Ankita Rajput
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Disha Sidhu
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Grand Trunk Road, Off, NH 1 . India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Sarabjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
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22
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Yin W, Lv G, Li C, Sun J. Acupuncture therapy for Alzheimer's disease: The effectiveness and potential mechanisms. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 304:2397-2411. [PMID: 34623030 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that accounts for approximately 70% of dementia. Following the global escalation of the aging process, the morbidity of AD is increasing rapidly. The current treatment for AD is mainly limited to medications, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. However, the efficacy of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in improving memory and cognitive functions is not satisfactory. It is a challenge to find an effective alternative therapy for ameliorating AD symptoms. As an important therapeutic technique in traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture has been proved effective in treating many neurologic diseases including AD. The efficacy of acupuncture is also acknowledged by the National Institutes of Health of the United States. Here, we summarized the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating AD. Especially, the role of acupuncture at certain acupuncture points in modulating the brain function through meridians activity based on Chinese meridian theory is discussed. How acupuncture at a certain acupoint can improve AD symptoms is also described. Furthermore, the possible molecular mechanisms of acupuncture for AD are reviewed, and the role of acupuncture in modulating signaling molecules in neural protection and homeostasis is highlighted. This study may help to understand the theoretical basis and potential molecular mechanisms of acupuncture therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yin
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoying Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chuangang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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23
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Duan W, Chen X. Jatrorrhizine can improve nerve cell injury induced by Aβ 25-35, acting through miR-223-3p/HDAC4 axis. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:4644-4655. [PMID: 34150044 PMCID: PMC8205821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research is to probe the mechanism of Jatrorrhizine (JAT) improving Aβ 25-35-induced nerve cell injury through the miR-223-3p/HDAC4 axis. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were treated with Aβ 25-35 to simulate nerve injury in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and JAT-treated SH-SY5Y cells were assessed for HDAC4 and miR-223-3p. The HDAC4 and miR-223-3p levels were tested by qRT-PCR. Proliferation was determined through MTT. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry, and the related indexes of oxidative stress (OS) were examined by an OS kit. RESULTS Compared with AD group, OD value increased, apoptosis rate decreased, and OS was inhibited in the AD+JAT group (all P<0.05). In SH-SY5Y cells, miR-223-3p can specifically inhibit the HDAC4 expression. The miR-223-3p expression increased and HDAC4 decreased after JAT acted on SH-SY5Y cells stimulated by Aβ 25-35 (all P<0.05). The addition of over-expression HDAC4 vector or miR-223-3p inhibitor could inhibit proliferation, and promote apoptosis and OS on the basis of JAT (all P<0.05). In addition, over-expressing miR-223-3p can suppress over-expressed HDAC4's effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and OS of SH-SY5Y cells (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION JAT can improve the nerve injury induced by Aβ 25-35 by up-regulating miR-223-3p and inhibiting the HDAC4 expression, suppress apoptosis and OS, and induce proliferation. This research further clarified the mechanism of JAT in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbiao Duan
- Zhaoqing Medical College Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Zhaoqing Medical College Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
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