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Ishaq HM, Yasin R, Mohammad IS, Fan Y, Li H, Shahzad M, Xu J. The gut-brain-axis: A positive relationship between gut microbial dysbiosis and glioblastoma brain tumour. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30494. [PMID: 38756585 PMCID: PMC11096965 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The glioblastoma brain tumour (GBM) stands out as the most aggressive and resistant-to-treatment malignancy. Nevertheless, the gut-brain connection plays a pivotal role in influencing the growth and activation of the central nervous system. In this particular investigation, we aimed to assess and characterize the gut microbial ecosystem in GBM patients, both quantitatively and qualitatively. We collected faecal samples from 15 healthy volunteers and 25 GBM patients. To delve into the microbial content, we employed PCR-DGGE, targeting the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene, and conducted qPCR to measure the levels of crucial intestinal bacteria. For a more in-depth analysis, high-throughput sequencing was performed on a selection of 20 random faecal samples (10 from healthy individuals and 10 from GBM patients), targeting the V3+V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Our findings from examining the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota unveiled that GBM patients exhibited significantly higher microbial diversity compared to healthy individuals. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria saw a significant increase, while Firmicutes experienced a noteworthy decrease in the GBM group. Moving down to the family level, we observed significantly elevated levels of Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Lachnospiraceae in GBM patients, while levels of Veillonellaceae, Rikenellaceae, and Prevotellaceae were notably lower. Delving into genera statistics, we noted a substantial increase in the abundance of Parasutterella, Escherichia-Shigella, and Bacteroides, alongside significantly lower levels of Ruminococcus 2, Faecalibacterium, and Prevotella_9 in the GBM group compared to the control group. Furthermore, when examining specific species, we found a significant increase in Bacteroides vulgatus and Escherichia coli in the GBM group. These observations collectively indicate a marked dysbiosis in the gut microbial composition of GBM patients. Additionally, the GBM group exhibited notably higher levels of alpha diversity when compared to the control group. This increase in diversity suggests a significant bacterial overgrowth in the gut of GBM patients in contrast to the controls. As a result, this research opens up potential avenues to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms, pathways, and potential treatments for GBM, stemming from the significant implications of gut microbial dysbiosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Yasin
- Department of Zoology University of Education Lahore, D.G. Khan Campus, Pakistan
| | - Imran Shair Mohammad
- Department of Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huan Li
- Xi'an Mental Health Centre, Xi'an, China
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Khyaban-e-Jamia Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jiru Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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2
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Wilk A, Setkowicz Z, Banas D, Fernández-Ruiz R, Marguí E, Matusiak K, Wrobel P, Wudarczyk-Mocko J, Janik-Olchawa N, Chwiej J. Glioblastoma multiforme influence on the elemental homeostasis of the distant organs: the results of inter-comparison study carried out with TXRF method. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1254. [PMID: 38218977 PMCID: PMC10787745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fast-growing and aggressive brain tumor which invades the nearby brain tissue but generally does not spread to the distant organs. Nonetheless, if untreated, GBM can result in patient death in time even less than few months from the diagnosis. The influence of the tumor progress on organs other than brain is obvious but still not well described. Therefore, we examined the elemental abnormalities appearing in selected body organs (kidney, heart, spleen, lung) in two rat models of GBM. The animals used for the study were subjected to the implantation of human GBM cell lines (U87MG and T98G) characterized by different levels of invasiveness. The elemental analysis of digested organ samples was carried out using the total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) method, independently, in three European laboratories utilizing various commercially available TXRF spectrometers. The comparison of the data obtained for animals subjected to T98G and U87MG cells implantation showed a number of elemental anomalies in the examined organs. What is more, the abnormalities were found for rats even if neoplastic tumor did not develop in their brains. The most of alterations for both experimental groups were noted in the spleen and lungs, with the direction of the found element changes in these organs being the opposite. The observed disorders of element homeostasis may result from many processes occurring in the animal body as a result of implantation of cancer cells or the development of GBM, including inflammation, anemia of chronic disease or changes in iron metabolism. Tumor induced changes in organ elemental composition detected in cooperating laboratories were usually in a good agreement. In case of elements with higher atomic numbers (Fe, Cu, Zn and Se), 88% of the results were classified as fully compliant. Some discrepancies between the laboratories were found for lighter elements (P, S, K and Ca). However, also in this case, the obtained results fulfilled the requirements of full (the results from three laboratories were in agreement) or partial agreement (the results from two laboratories were in agreement).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Wilk
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Banas
- Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Ramón Fernández-Ruiz
- Interdepartmental Research Service (SIdI), Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Marguí
- Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Katarzyna Matusiak
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Pawel Wrobel
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Janik-Olchawa
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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3
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Zheng X, Toyama T, Siu S, Kaneko T, Sugiura H, Yamashita S, Shimoda Y, Kanamori M, Arisawa K, Endo H, Saito Y. Selenoprotein P expression in glioblastoma as a regulator of ferroptosis sensitivity: preservation of GPX4 via the cycling-selenium storage. Sci Rep 2024; 14:682. [PMID: 38182643 PMCID: PMC10770386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and deadly brain tumors; however, its current therapeutic strategies are limited. Selenoprotein P (SeP; SELENOP, encoded by the SELENOP gene) is a unique selenium-containing protein that exhibits high expression levels in astroglia. SeP is thought to be associated with ferroptosis sensitivity through the induction of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) via selenium supplementation. In this study, to elucidate the role of SeP in GBM, we analyzed its expression in GBM patients and found that SeP expression levels were significantly higher when compared to healthy subjects. Knock down of SeP in cultured GBM cells resulted in a decrease in GPX1 and GPX4 protein levels. Under the same conditions, cell death caused by RSL3, a ferroptosis inducer, was enhanced, however this enhancement was canceled by supplementation of selenite. These results indicate that SeP expression contributes to preserving GPX and selenium levels in an autocrine/paracrine manner, i.e., SeP regulates a dynamic cycling-selenium storage system in GBM. We also confirmed the role of SeP expression in ferroptosis sensitivity using patient-derived primary GBM cells. These findings indicate that expression of SeP in GBM can be a significant therapeutic target to overcome anticancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Stephanie Siu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kaneko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hikari Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shota Yamashita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-0872, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Shimoda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-0872, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kanamori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-0872, Japan
| | - Kotoko Arisawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hidenori Endo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-0872, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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4
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Zeng HL, Jia B, Yang Q, Zeng F, Li H, Li CX, Cheng L. Assessment of 13 essential and toxic trace elements in tumor and peritumoral brain tissues from human glioblastoma. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:699-709. [PMID: 37741885 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements within the brain are important for proper neurological function, but their imbalance has been rarely investigated in glioblastoma. This study enrolled a total of 14 patients with glioblastoma, and the tumor and peritumoral brain tissues were collected while undergoing surgery. The concentrations of Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, As, Cd, Tl and Pb were determined using a well-evaluated ICP-MS method. The Cu- and Cd-binding proteomes were further analyzed using the anatomic transcriptional atlas from Ivy GAP. Histological evaluation was based on rubeanic acid staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The 13 trace element concentrations were obtained, and the highest were Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu, ranging from a few to dozens of ug/g. Correlation analysis suggested the existence of two intra-correlated clusters: essential metals (Cu-Ca-Zn-Mg) and heavy metals (Pb-As-Cd-Tl-Co-Cr-Mn). Compared to the tumor samples, significantly higher levels of Cu and Cd were observed in the peritumoral region. Further analysis of the Cu- and Cd-binding proteins from the anatomic view suggested that DBH and NOS1 were obviously increased in the leading edge than the central tumor region. Consistent with the above findings, histological evaluation of Cu and DBH further confirmed more copper and DBH expressions in the peritumoral area compared to the tumor core. Trace elements differ in tumor and peritumoral brain zone in glioblastoma, which may associate with tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Long Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Binmei Jia
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengbo Zeng
- BioCSi Tech Laboratory Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Xi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Yakubov E, Schmid S, Hammer A, Chen D, Dahlmanns JK, Mitrovic I, Zurabashvili L, Savaskan N, Steiner HH, Dahlmanns M. Ferroptosis and PPAR-gamma in the limelight of brain tumors and edema. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1176038. [PMID: 37554158 PMCID: PMC10406130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1176038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human malignant brain tumors such as gliomas are devastating due to the induction of cerebral edema and neurodegeneration. A major contributor to glioma-induced neurodegeneration has been identified as glutamate. Glutamate promotes cell growth and proliferation in variety of tumor types. Intriguently, glutamate is also an excitatory neurotransmitter and evokes neuronal cell death at high concentrations. Even though glutamate signaling at the receptor and its downstream effectors has been extensively investigated at the molecular level, there has been little insight into how glutamate enters the tumor microenvironment and impacts on metabolic equilibration until recently. Surprisingly, the 12 transmembrane spanning tranporter xCT (SLC7A11) appeared to be a major player in this process, mediating glutamate secretion and ferroptosis. Also, PPARγ is associated with ferroptosis in neurodegeneration, thereby destroying neurons and causing brain swelling. Although these data are intriguing, tumor-associated edema has so far been quoted as of vasogenic origin. Hence, glutamate and PPARγ biology in the process of glioma-induced brain swelling is conceptually challenging. By inhibiting xCT transporter or AMPA receptors in vivo, brain swelling and peritumoral alterations can be mitigated. This review sheds light on the role of glutamate in brain tumors presenting the conceptual challenge that xCT disruption causes ferroptosis activation in malignant brain tumors. Thus, interfering with glutamate takes center stage in forming the basis of a metabolic equilibration approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Yakubov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schmid
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics, Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Hammer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
- Center for Spine and Scoliosis Therapy, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daishi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jana Katharina Dahlmanns
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ivana Mitrovic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bogenhausen Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Nicolai Savaskan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical School Hospital Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (UKER), Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Public Health Neukölln, District Office Neukölln of Berlin Neukölln, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marc Dahlmanns
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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6
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Abadi B, Khazaeli P, Forootanfar H, Ranjbar M, Ahmadi-Zeidabadi M, Nokhodchi A, Ameri A, Adeli-Sardou M, Amirinejad M. Chitosan-sialic acid nanoparticles of selenium: Statistical optimization of production, characterization, and assessment of cytotoxic effects against two human glioblastoma cell lines. Int J Pharm 2023; 637:122884. [PMID: 36966981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
According to the favorable antitumor properties of selenium, this study aimed to design a novel form of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) functionalized with chitosan (Cs) and sialic acid to assess their antitumor effects on the human glioblastoma cell lines (T98 and A172). Se NPs were synthesized in the presence of chitosan and ascorbic acid (Vc) and the synthesis conditions were optimized using response surface methodology. Se NPs@Cs were obtained with a monoclinic structure with an average diameter of 23 nm under the optimum conditions (reaction time = 30 min, chitosan concentration = 1 % w/v, Vc/Se molar ratio = 5). To modify Se NP@Cs for glioblastoma treatment, sialic acid was used to cover the surface of the NPs. Sialic acid was successfully attached to the surface of Se NPs@Cs, and Se NPs@Cs-sialic acid were formed in the size range of 15-28 nm. Se NPs@Cs-sialic acid were stable for approximately 60 days at 4 ℃. The as-synthesized NPs exerted inhibitory effects on T98 greater than 3 T3 > A172 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, sialic acid ameliorated the blood biocompatibility of Se NPs@Cs. Taken together, sialic acid improved both the stability and biological activity of Se NPs@Cs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafshe Abadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kerman, Iran
| | - Payam Khazaeli
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hamid Forootanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Ranjbar
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi-Zeidabadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- Lupin Pharmaceutical Research Center, Coral Springs, FL, USA; Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Atefeh Ameri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Adeli-Sardou
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Amirinejad
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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7
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Miao M, Han Y, Wang Y, Yang Y, Zhu R, Sun M, Zhang J. The research landscape of ferroptosis in the brain: A bibliometric analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1014550. [PMID: 36330097 PMCID: PMC9622939 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1014550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis is a newly proposed concept of programmed cell death and has been widely studied in many diseases during the past decade. However, a bibliometric study that concentrates on publication outputs and research trends of ferroptosis related to the brain is lacking. Methods: We retrieved publication data in the field of ferroptosis in the brain from the Web of Science Core Collection on 31 December 2021. A bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. Results: Six hundred fifty-six documents focusing on ferroptosis in the brain were published from 2012 to 2021. The number of publications in this field has shown a steady increase in recent years. Most publications were from China (338) and the United States (166), while the most productive organizations were at the University of Melbourne (34) and University of Pittsburgh (23). Ashley I. Bush was the most productive author, while Scott J Dixon was the most co-cited author. The journal Free Radical Biology and Medicine published the most articles in this field, while Cell was the most cited journal. Among 656 publications, top 10 cited documents were cited at least 300 times. Among the top 20 references with the strongest citation bursts, half of the papers had a burst until 2021. The keywords analysis suggests that the top 20 keywords appeared at least 40 times. Additionally, "amyloid precursor protein" was the keyword with strongest bursts. Conclusion: Research on ferroptosis in the brain will continue to be highly regarded. This study analyzed the research landscape of ferroptosis in the brain and offers a new reference for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mingyang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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8
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Gencheva R, Cheng Q, Arnér ESJ. Thioredoxin reductase selenoproteins from different organisms as potential drug targets for treatment of human diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:320-338. [PMID: 35987423 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Human thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is a selenoprotein with a central role in cellular redox homeostasis, utilizing a highly reactive and solvent-exposed selenocysteine (Sec) residue in its active site. Pharmacological modulation of TrxR can be obtained with several classes of small compounds showing different mechanisms of action, but most often dependent upon interactions with its Sec residue. The clinical implications of TrxR modulation as mediated by small compounds have been studied in diverse diseases, from rheumatoid arthritis and ischemia to cancer and parasitic infections. The possible involvement of TrxR in these diseases was in some cases serendipitously discovered, by finding that existing clinically used drugs are also TrxR inhibitors. Inhibiting isoforms of human TrxR is, however, not the only strategy for human disease treatment, as some pathogenic parasites also depend upon Sec-containing TrxR variants, including S. mansoni, B. malayi or O. volvulus. Inhibiting parasite TrxR has been shown to selectively kill parasites and can thus become a promising treatment strategy, especially in the context of quickly emerging resistance towards other drugs. Here we have summarized the basis for the targeting of selenoprotein TrxR variants with small molecules for therapeutic purposes in different human disease contexts. We discuss how Sec engagement appears to be an indispensable part of treatment efficacy and how some therapeutically promising compounds have been evaluated in preclinical or clinical studies. Several research questions remain before a wider application of selenoprotein TrxR inhibition as a first-line treatment strategy might be developed. These include further mechanistic studies of downstream effects that may mediate treatment efficacy, identification of isoform-specific enzyme inhibition patterns for some given therapeutic compounds, and the further elucidation of cell-specific effects in disease contexts such as in the tumor microenvironment or in host-parasite interactions, and which of these effects may be dependent upon the specific targeting of Sec in distinct TrxR isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosveta Gencheva
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Qing Cheng
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden; Department of Selenoprotein Research, National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, 1122, Budapest, Hungary.
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9
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Wang Y, Tang B, Zhu J, Yu J, Hui J, Xia S, Ji J. Emerging Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy of Ferroptosis in Neurological Diseases and Neuro-oncology. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:4260-4274. [PMID: 35844784 PMCID: PMC9274504 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel type of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation that involves a variety of biological processes, such as iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress. A growing body of research suggests that ferroptosis is associated with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, such as glioblastoma, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. Building on these findings, we can selectively induce ferroptosis for the treatment of certain cancers, or we can treat neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting ferroptosis. This review summarizes the relevant advances in ferroptosis, the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, the participation of ferroptosis in brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases, and the corresponding drug therapies to provide new potential targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junguo Hui
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,School of medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuiwei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,School of medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,School of medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
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Barchielli G, Capperucci A, Tanini D. The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020251. [PMID: 35204134 PMCID: PMC8868242 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential microelement required for a number of biological functions. Selenium—and more specifically the amino acid selenocysteine—is present in at least 25 human selenoproteins involved in a wide variety of essential biological functions, ranging from the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration to the biosynthesis of hormones. These processes also play a central role in preventing and modulating the clinical outcome of several diseases, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, mental disorders, cardiovascular disorders, fertility impairments, inflammation, and infections (including SARS-CoV-2). Over the past years, a number of studies focusing on the relationship between selenium and such pathologies have been reported. Generally, an adequate selenium nutritional state—and in some cases selenium supplementation—have been related to improved prognostic outcome and reduced risk of developing several diseases. On the other hand, supra-nutritional levels might have adverse effects. The results of recent studies focusing on these topics are summarized and discussed in this review, with particular emphasis on advances achieved in the last decade.
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Dahlmanns M, Yakubov E, Dahlmanns JK. Genetic Profiles of Ferroptosis in Malignant Brain Tumors and Off-Target Effects of Ferroptosis Induction. Front Oncol 2021; 11:783067. [PMID: 34926298 PMCID: PMC8671613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.783067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma represents the most devastating form of human brain cancer, associated with a very poor survival rate of patients. Unfortunately, treatment options are currently limited and the gold standard pharmacological treatment with the chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide only slightly increases the survival rate. Experimental studies have shown that the efficiency of temozolomide can be improved by inducing ferroptosis – a recently discovered form of cell death, which is different from apoptosis, necrosis, or necroptosis and, which is characterized by lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Ferroptosis can also be activated to improve treatment of malignant stages of neuroblastoma, meningioma, and glioma. Due to their role in cancer treatment, ferroptosis-gene signatures have recently been evaluated for their ability to predict survival of patients. Despite positive effects during chemotherapy, the drugs used to induce ferroptosis – such as erastin and sorafenib – as well as genetic manipulation of key players in ferroptosis – such as the cystine-glutamate exchanger xCT and the glutathione peroxidase GPx4 – also impact neuronal function and cognitive capabilities. In this review, we give an update on ferroptosis in different brain tumors and summarize the impact of ferroptosis on healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Dahlmanns
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eduard Yakubov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
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Zhang L, Zhao Q, Mao L, Li H, Zhuang M, Wang J, Liu Y, Qi M, Du X, Xia Z, Sun N, Liu Q, Chen H, Zhang R. Bioinformatics Analyses Reveal the Prognostic Value and Biological Roles of SEPHS2 in Various Cancers. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:6059-6076. [PMID: 34594130 PMCID: PMC8478514 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s328222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Selenophosphate synthetase 2 (SEPHS2) has been shown to regulate selenoprotein biosynthesis by catalyzing the synthesis of active selenium donor selenophosphate. SEPHS2 influences the survival of tumor cells. However, few studies have explored the expression level and prognostic of SEPHS2 in various cancers. Methods The expression of SEPHS2 in human tumor tissues and normal adjacent tissues was analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and UALCAN databases. Cox regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier curve analysis were performed to analyze the association of SEPHS2 expression with the prognosis of cancer patients. The expression and prognosis of SEPHS2 in gliomas were further verified using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset. The relationship between SEPHS2 and immune infiltration, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and neoantigens was comprehensively explored using a TCGA cohort. The mechanism by which SEPHS2 regulates tumor progression was explored by using the STRING database. A nomogram was constructed using the R software to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with brain lower grade glioma (LGG). Results SEPHS2 was highly expressed in many cancers including LGG. Its high expression was significantly associated with poor OS, disease-free survival (DFS), and progression-free survival (PFS). Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed that SEPHS2 was an independent prognostic factor for LGG. Concordance index and calibration curves revealed that the nomogram had good predictive performance (concordance index: 0.791; 95% CI: 0.732–1). A significant correlation was found between SEPHS2 and immune infiltration, TMB, MSI, and tumor neoantigens across diverse cancers. Enrichment analysis showed that SEPHS2 may regulate the PPAR signaling pathway. Conclusion SEPHS2 expression regulates tumor development and it is a potential treatment target and prognostic biomarker, especially for lower grade glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Mao
- School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanze Li
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaoqing Zhuang
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Qi
- Ankang R & D Center of Se-enriched Products, Ankang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Du
- Ankang R & D Center of Se-enriched Products, Ankang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengrun Xia
- Ankang R & D Center of Se-enriched Products, Ankang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Sun
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiling Liu
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfang Chen
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Academy of Tradional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongqiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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