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Vaiana AM, Chen Y, Gelfond J, Johnson-Pais TL, Leach RJ, Ramamurthy C, Thompson IM, Morilak DA. Effects of vortioxetine on hippocampal-related cognitive impairment induced in rats by androgen deprivation as a model of prostate cancer treatment. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:307. [PMID: 37788996 PMCID: PMC10547695 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in prostate cancer treatment have significantly improved survival, but quality of life for survivors remains an under-studied area of research. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a foundational treatment for advanced prostate cancer and is used as an adjuvant for prolonged periods in many high-risk, localized tumors. More than half of patients treated with ADT experience debilitating cognitive impairments in domains such as spatial learning and working memory. In this study, we investigated the effects of androgen deprivation on hippocampal-mediated cognition in rats. Vortioxetine, a multimodal antidepressant, has been shown to improve cognition in depressed patients. Thus, we also tested the potential efficacy of vortioxetine in restoring impaired cognition after ADT. We further investigated mechanisms that might contribute to these effects, measuring changes in the circuitry and gene expression within the dorsal hippocampus. ADT via surgical castration induced impairments in visuospatial cognition on the novel object location test and attenuated afferent-evoked local field potentials recorded in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus. Chronic dietary administration of vortioxetine effectively reversed these deficits. Castration significantly altered gene expression in the hippocampus, whereas vortioxetine had little effect. Pathway analysis revealed that androgen depletion altered pathways related to synaptic plasticity. These results suggest that the hippocampus may be vulnerable to ADT, contributing to cognitive impairment in prostate cancer patients. Further, vortioxetine may be a candidate to improve cognition in patients who experience cognitive decline after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and may do so by restoring molecular and circuit-level plasticity-related mechanisms compromised by ADT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Vaiana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yidong Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Jonathan Gelfond
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Teresa L Johnson-Pais
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Robin J Leach
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Chethan Ramamurthy
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Ian M Thompson
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - David A Morilak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
- Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Kerk SA, Garcia-Bermudez J, Birsoy K, Sherman MH, Shah YM, Lyssiotis CA. Spotlight on GOT2 in Cancer Metabolism. Onco Targets Ther 2023; 16:695-702. [PMID: 37635751 PMCID: PMC10460182 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s382161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
GOT2 is at the nexus of several critical metabolic pathways in homeostatic cellular and dysregulated cancer metabolism. Despite this, recent work has emphasized the remarkable plasticity of cancer cells to employ compensatory pathways when GOT2 is inhibited. Here, we review the metabolic roles of GOT2, highlighting findings in both normal and cancer cells. We emphasize how cancer cells repurpose cell intrinsic metabolism and their flexibility when GOT2 is inhibited. We close by using this framework to discuss key considerations for future investigations into cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Kerk
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Javier Garcia-Bermudez
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kivanc Birsoy
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mara H Sherman
- Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Lushnikova I, Kostiuchenko O, Kowalczyk M, Skibo G. mTOR/α-ketoglutarate signaling: impact on brain cell homeostasis under ischemic conditions. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1132114. [PMID: 37252190 PMCID: PMC10213632 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1132114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional molecules mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and α-ketoglutarate (αKG) are crucial players in the regulatory mechanisms that maintain cell homeostasis in an ever-changing environment. Cerebral ischemia is associated primarily with oxygen-glucose deficiency (OGD) due to circulatory disorders. Upon exceeding a threshold of resistance to OGD, essential pathways of cellular metabolism can be disrupted, leading to damage of brain cells up to the loss of function and death. This mini-review focuses on the role of mTOR and αKG signaling in the metabolic homeostasis of brain cells under OGD conditions. Integral mechanisms concerning the relative cell resistance to OGD and the molecular basis of αKG-mediated neuroprotection are discussed. The study of molecular events associated with cerebral ischemia and endogenous neuroprotection is relevant for improving the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Lushnikova
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Olha Kostiuchenko
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kowalczyk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Galyna Skibo
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Li K, Lu M, Cui M, Wang X, Zheng Y. The Notch pathway regulates autophagy after hypoxic-ischemic injury and affects synaptic plasticity. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:985-996. [PMID: 37083721 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Following neonatal hypoxic-ischemia (HI) injury, it is crucial factor to reconstruct neural circuit and maintain neural network homeostasis for neurological recovery. A dynamic balance between the synthesis and degradation of synaptic protein is required for maintaining synaptic plasticity. Protein degradation is facilitated by autophagy. This study aimed to investigate the regulation of synaptic structural plasticity by the Notch pathway, by assessing changes in Notch pathway activation and their effects on synaptic proteins and autophagy after HI injury. The study involved 48 male newborn Yorkshire piglets, each weighing 1.0-1.5 kg and 3 days old. They were randomly assigned to two groups: the HI group and the Notch pathway inhibitor + HI group (n = 24 per group). Each group was further divided into six subgroups according to HI duration (n = 4 per group): a control subgroup, and 0-6, 6-12, 12-24, 24-48, and 48-72 h subgroups. The expression of Notch pathway-related proteins, including Notch1, Hes1, and Notch intracellular domains, increased following HI injury. The expression of autophagy proteins increased at 0-6 h and 6-12 h post-HI. The expression of synaptic proteins, such as postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synaptophysin, increased 6-12 h and 12-24 h after HI, respectively. Notably, the increased expression of these proteins was reversed by a Notch pathway inhibitor. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of autophagosome structures in synapses. These findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms of neurological recovery after HI injury and may provide insights into potential therapeutic targets for promoting neural circuit reconstruction and maintaining neural network homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Li
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxu Cui
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Gandecha H, Kaur A, Sanghera R, Preece J, Pillay T. Nutrition and Immunity in Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132747. [PMID: 35807927 PMCID: PMC9269416 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia ischaemia (PHI), acute and chronic, may be associated with considerable adverse outcomes in the foetus and neonate. The molecular and cellular mechanisms of injury and repair associated with PHI in the perinate are not completely understood. Increasing evidence is mounting for the role of nutrients and bioactive food components in immune development, function and repair in PHI. In this review, we explore current concepts around the neonatal immune response to PHI with a specific emphasis on the impact of nutrition in the mother, foetus and neonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema Gandecha
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Avineet Kaur
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Ranveer Sanghera
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Joanna Preece
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Thillagavathie Pillay
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Healthcare Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
- College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
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Graf AV, Maslova MV, Artiukhov AV, Ksenofontov AL, Aleshin VA, Bunik VI. Acute Prenatal Hypoxia in Rats Affects Physiology and Brain Metabolism in the Offspring, Dependent on Sex and Gestational Age. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052579. [PMID: 35269722 PMCID: PMC8910449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is damaging to the fetus, but the developmental impact may vary, with underlying molecular mechanisms unclear. We demonstrate the dependence of physiological and biochemical effects of acute prenatal hypoxia (APH) on sex and gestational age. Compared to control rats, APH on the 10th day of pregnancy (APH-10) increases locomotion in both the male and female offspring, additionally increasing exploratory activity and decreasing anxiety in the males. Compared to APH-10, APH on the 20th day of pregnancy (APH-20) induces less behavioral perturbations. ECG is changed similarly in all offspring only by APH-10. Sexual dimorphism in the APH outcome on behavior is also observed in the brain acetylation system and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase reaction, essential for neurotransmitter metabolism. In view of the perturbed behavior, more biochemical parameters in the brains are assessed after APH-20. Of the six enzymes, APH-20 significantly decreases the malic enzyme activity in both sexes. Among 24 amino acids and dipeptides, APH-20 increases the levels of only three amino acids (Phe, Thr, and Trp) in male offspring, and of seven amino acids (Glu, Gly, Phe, Trp, Ser, Thr, Asn) and carnosine in the female offspring. Thus, a higher reactivity of the brain metabolism to APH stabilizes the behavior. The behavior and brain biochemistry demonstrate sexually dimorphic responses to APH at both gestational stages, whereas the APH effects on ECG depend on gestational age rather than sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V. Graf
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.G.); (M.V.M.)
- Department of Biokinetics, A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (A.L.K.); (V.A.A.)
| | - Maria V. Maslova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.G.); (M.V.M.)
| | - Artem V. Artiukhov
- Department of Biokinetics, A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (A.L.K.); (V.A.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov University, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander L. Ksenofontov
- Department of Biokinetics, A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (A.L.K.); (V.A.A.)
| | - Vasily A. Aleshin
- Department of Biokinetics, A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (A.L.K.); (V.A.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov University, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria I. Bunik
- Department of Biokinetics, A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (A.L.K.); (V.A.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov University, 119048 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-939-4484 or +7-495-939-3181
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